OLYMPIC

WINTER
GAMES 2018
PYEONGCHANG
IBU 2018 G2b Silke Wensink and Jeffrey Emans
Table of Content
 Article 1 P.2
 Article 2 P.4
 Article 3 P.12
 Article 4 P.13
 Article 5 P.14
 Article 6 P.20
 Article 7 P.24
 Article 8 P.27
 Article 9 P.29
 Summaries P.30
 Word lists P.34
 Sources P.36
Article 1
Winter Olympics 2018 Results: Dutch Romp in Speed Skating
By Victor Mather
Feb. 17, 2018

Shaun White won the men’s halfpipe gold medal.

Geisenberger Repeats in Luge
Natalie Geisenberger won her second straight Olympic gold medal in luge, leading a 1-2-4 performance for
Germany. Geisenberger took the lead on the first of four runs and never relinquished it.
American Drought Continues in Cross Country
Stina Nilsson of Sweden won the women’s cross country sprint race. An American, Jessica Diggins, made
the six-woman final, but missed out on a medal, finishing sixth.
No American has won a cross country medal since Bill Koch took home a silver in 1976. The sprint race was
in the classic skiing style, which Americans have long struggled with.

Shani Davis of the United States won silver in the men’s 1500 meters in both Vancouver and Turin. But in
Pyeongchang he finished 19th.
Dutch Speediest Again
The Dutch dominance of speed skating continued with a 1-2 finish in the men’s 1,500 meters. Kjeld Nuis
won gold and Patrick Roest silver for the powerful Dutch team. The bronze went to a South Korean, Kim
Min Seok.
Here’s What You Missed
• Arianna Fontana of Italy won the 500-meter short track race by half a skate length over the home
favorite, Minjeong Choi. But Choi wound up losing out on the silver as well after being penalized for
interference. Yara Van Kerkhof of the Netherlands was promoted to silver, and Kim Boutin of Canada to
bronze. Maame Biney, the American whose bubbly interview at the opening ceremony captivated the U.S.
audience, was eliminated in a quarterfinal.
• Canada won the mixed doubles curling competition, 10-3, over Switzerland. Canada will be among
the favorites in the men’s and women’s events as well.
• Shaun White, the 2006 and 2010 halfpipe winner but a disappointing fourth four years ago, scored
a 98.50 for the best qualifying run.

Marcel Hirscher of Austria celebrating after his slalom run.

• Marcel Hirscher of Austria won the Alpine combined event. Hirscher, who had won six world
championships without an Olympic gold, skied an excellent 12th in the downhill portion, not his best event.
He then scorched the slalom, recording the best time.

The American Chloe Kim on her way to winning the women's halfpipe.

• Chloe Kim, the 17-year-old American snowboarding phenom, won the women’s halfpipe. She
dazzled from the start with a score of 93.75 on her first run, and no one came close to beating that mark.
On her third and final run, with the gold medal clinched, she executed a victory lap that scored 98.25. The
silver went to Liu Jiayu of China, with 89.75, and Arielle Gold of the United States had a strong third run,
scoring 85.75.
• Kei Saito, a short-track speedskater from Japan, came up with the first drug positive of the Games
when an out-of-competition test detected acetazolamide, a masking agent. Saito will be provisionally
suspended from competition and must leave the Olympic Village. Saito had not yet competed at the
Games.
Article 2
PyeongChang 2018: The top 11 moments from the Winter Olympics
Aimee Lewis, CNN
Updated February 28, 2018

"The Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics kicked off with a bang on February 9. It was the second Olympics
to be held in Korea after Seoul hosted the 1988 Summer Games."

Pyeongchang (CNN)The 2018 Winter Olympic Games mixed sport and politics in equal measure.

As well as politicians and Olympic organizers having to navigate the complex relationship between North
and South Korea, the issue of Russian doping overshadowed PyeongChang 2018.
One hundred and sixty eight Russian athletes competed for the Olympic Athlete from Russia (OAR) team
under a neutral flag, provided they could prove there were clean.

CNN Sport has been in Pyeongchang, South Korea, covering the Games and below are our top 11 moments.
"Illustrated PyeongChang Winter Olympic moments"

Chloe Kim
At PyeongChang 2018, a worldwide star was born. The reaction to Chloe Kim becoming the youngest
snowboarder to win Olympic gold was on a level which only the likes of Usain Bolt experience.
The 17-year-old ran the gauntlet of TV interviews and negotiated the maze of reporters with equanimity.
But hers is a life changed.
According to reports, her limited-edition "Gold Medal" Kellogg's Corn Flakes box sold out in seven hours, a
record said the company.
Even before she won gold, and became the first female to land consecutive 1080s in the halfpipe at the
Olympics, she could already count Nike, Toyota and Mondelez as her sponsors. More blue chip companies
will surely follow.

"Chloe Kim competes in the women’s snowboard halfpipe final."

Kenworthy kiss
It was a tender moment between two men in love, an openly gay Olympian kissing his boyfriend at the
bottom of the hill during the ski slopestyle event.
Broadcast live to the world and then shared on social media, Gus Kenworthy's kiss with boyfriend Matthew
Wilkas was hailed as a celebration of LGBTQ pride. It was another notable occasion at a Winter Olympics
which has been full of symbolism.
Four years ago, Kenworthy had wanted to share a kiss with his then boyfriend at the Sochi Winter Olympics.
But having yet to reveal he was gay, the slopestyle silver medallist had second thoughts. He was not ready
for that to be his coming-out moment.
But in Pyeongchang, despite not winning a medal, he told CNN: "This was actually the Olympic experience I
was hoping for. I'm leaving here more fulfilled without a medal than I did at the last games with one."

Gus Kenworthy

Ester Ledecka
The greatest athlete at the Pyeongchang 2018? That honour must surely be bestowed on Czech sensation
Ester Ledecka, even if the 22-year-old herself does not agree.
Seven days after becoming the first snowboarder to win Olympic gold in alpine skiing, the surprise star of
these Games followed up her success in the super-G with gold in snowboarding's parallel giant slalom.

It has been 90 years since anyone claimed gold in two different sports at the same Winter Games. She is the
first woman, and only the third athlete, to achieve such dizzying success.
Asked whether she was the best athlete in Pyeonchang, Ledecka gave a firm "no."
"There are the greatest athletes in the world here," she told reporters. When it was pointed out to the
Czech that she was the only one at the Games who had won gold medals in two different sports, she
casually shrugged her shoulders and simply said: "Whatever."
But don't let the nonchalance fool you, she is a once-in-a-generation talent.

"Ester Ledecka competing in the giant slalom elimination run."

Marit Bjoergen
Norway's Marit Bjoergen might reasonably counter she was the standout performer at the Winter Games.
Bjoergen, who turns 38 in March, won the final gold medal of the 2018 PyeongChang Games in the
women's cross-country 30-kilometer mass start on Sunday.
Earlier in the 2018 Games, Bjoergen became the most successful Winter Olympian of all time, when she
finished third in the team sprint free.
Her bronze with Maiken Caspersen Falla put her on 14 Olympic medals, outstripping fellow Norwegian Ole
Einar Bjoerndalen, who has 13 in biathlon.
Sunday's success brought her Olympic medal haul to eight golds and 15 in total. It also brought Norway's
total haul at this Games to 39 medals, eight more than Germany, a record for a single Olympic Winter
Games.
The 37-year-old skier is the second most successful woman at either the Summer or Winter Games. Soviet
gymnast Larisa Latynina has 18 medals.

"Norway’s Marit Bjoergen celebrates after winning the women’s 30km cross country mass start."

Opening ceremony
The sight of athletes from North and South Korea walking in unison at the opening ceremony for the first
time in 11 years was a moment that will live long in the memory.
The lead up to these Winter Olympics had been dominated by relations between two nations still
technically at war. After a year of escalating hostility over Pyongyang's ballistic missile program, this
Olympics gave the two countries reason to talk again.
No matter how affecting the message of peace on the host nation's first night, it would be fanciful to think
that a sporting occasion can bring about a truce between a Korea divided since 1953, but it was still a
heartwarming evening.
There were selfies between North and South Koeran athletes as they waited to walk into the heart of the
stadium.
And when the Koreans emerged, North Korea ice hockey player Chung Gum Hwang and South Korean
bobsledder Won Yun-jong both held the flag of a unified Korean peninsula, they were greeted to an ovation
from 35,000 cheering spectators.
Unified Korean ice hockey team
Rarely does sport become secondary on one of the grandest sporting stages of all. But on the night the
unified Korean ice hockey team made its Olympic debut, even in comprehensive defeat they sent a message
to the world that winning is not everything.
It was not for sporting reasons that this group of 35 women were hastily put together.
Their first outing of the Games, which ended in an 8-0 defeat by Switzerland, captured the imagination. The
result mattered little.
No-one expected this combined team to achieve anything on the ice but the political message resonated
louder than any fan's roar.

Korean cheerleaders
Few at Pyeongchang 2018 could match the relentless enthusiasm of North Korea's cheering squad.
Flanked by security wherever they went, the travelling troupe of 230 young women, handpicked
from university students, propaganda squad members and music school students, according to
China Radio International (CRI), charmed fans and viewers.
They were as absorbing as any contest.
Dressed in matching uniforms, they were easy to spot, and to hear, and faithfully followed North
Korean athletes throughout; chanting, singing, dancing and waving flags in perfect unison.
Photographers focused their lenses on the cheerleaders nearly as often as those performing on the
snow and ice. South Koreans were enthralled, too.
It was a rare chance to see a northern neighbour.
Their presence also created some fear with those who believed that allowing North Korea to
compete at the Games allowed the country to also spread propaganda.

"North Korean cheerleaders attend the men’s Slalom at the Yongpyong Alpine Centre."
USA women's ice hockey
What a match. The game that had it all. It came down to a sudden-death shootout for gold between four-
time defending champions Canada and perennial bridesmaids the US.
In a knee-knocking final, the scores were level at 2-2 after five penalty shots each then came Jocelyne
Lamoureux-Davidson.
The American scored and Maddie Rooney followed up with a save from Canada's Meghan Agosta. Cue
jubilation as the US women celebrated winning ice hockey gold for the first time in 20 years.
"I just reacted to her, and then everything kind of went into a blur," Rooney, 20, told reporters afterwards.
Canada had won gold at the previous four Olympics, including victories over the USA in the 2002, 2010 and
2014 finals.
Victory was all the more significant as a year ago the US team threatened to boycott the world
championships over better pay and work conditions. A last-minute settlement, including substantial pay
rises, got them back on the ice.

Red Gerrard
The 17-year-old American overslept the morning of the slopestyle competition, lost his coat, and went into
his third run on a blustery morning at the Phoenix Snow Park ranked 11th out of 12 finalists.
He had one last chance and he nailed it, producing a spectacular gold-medal winning run.
Team USA had its first gold of the Games and Gerard became the youngest American man to win an
Olympic winter gold medal since 1928.
The teenager is also the second-youngest man to top the podium in any individual event after Finland's Toni
Nieminen, who won ski jumping gold aged 16 in 1992.
"Just to land a run would have been plenty for me and to get on the podium, but to get first is crazy," he
told reporters afterwards.

"Red Gerard Olympics cartoon"

'Garlic Girls'
They may have lost to Sweden in the final, but South Korea's so-called curling "Garlic Girls" captured hearts
in Pyeongchang.
The South Korean women's curling team, given their moniker because of their garlic-producing hometown,
attracted worldwide attention during the Games, their surprise winning streak turning them into internet
sensations.
Ranked eighth coming into the Games, the underdogs beat Canada and Sweden in the round-robin
competitions and went on to defeat Japan in the semifinals, sparking flag-fluttering frenzy.
Four of the five members attended the same high school and the long-time friends all learned their trade
on the first curling centre ever built in South Korea.
Two are sisters, Kim Yeong-mi and Kim Kyeong-ae, and their team-mates Kim Eun-jung, Kim Seon-yeong and
alternate Kim Cho-hi all share the same surname.
They have endearing nicknames for each other, too, such as "Pancake," "Steak" and "Cookie.' Uiseong used
to be better known for its garlic production. Not anymore.

"Kim Eun-jung of South Korea competes during the women’s curling event."

Cross-country skiers
Mexico's German Madrazo had never skied until last year and while the 43-year-old may have finished last
in the men's 15km cross country, the sight of him crossing the line, holding the Mexican flag aloft,
encapsulated the Olympic spirit.
Waiting for him at the finishing line were his fellow late finishers, including Tonga's Pita Taufatoufua who
came home in 114th place, and they greeted him with a hero's welcome, lifting him onto their shoulders as
he waved to the crowd.

"german madrazo"
He had finished 116th but that mattered little as he drank in the moment with the men whom he had
travelled the world with, spending nearly all his cash, to qualify for the Games.
"Pita and I spent two months, fighting and fighting every day," Madrazo told reporters after his event.
"One day we were completely out of money and we had one last chocolate bar. There was nothing left and
we split that chocolate bar and said, 'Well brother, we live to fight another day."
Article 3
Winter Olympics More Than Just Sports
February 11, 2018 10:59 pm by Joyce Grant
The 2018 Winter Olympic Games are on now, in PyeongChang, South Korea.
The location is very significant. South Korea and North Korea are not on friendly terms. But the Olympics
may be bringing them closer together, politically.
North Korea is a “dictatorship.” That means, one person rules it. That person is Kim Jong-un, known as the
“Supreme Leader.” He is known for being extremely strict and
harsh with his country’s people. He keeps his country separated
from the rest of the world. It is usually hard to know what is
going on in North Korea, because free communication is not
allowed in or out of the country.
But the Winter Olympics may help to thaw relations between
North and South Korea.
With the world’s greatest athletes competing in PyeongChang,
the leaders of the two republics* are beginning to communicate
more. They have also combined their athletes who compete for,
simply, “Korea.”
Kim Jong-un sent his sister, Kim Yo Jong, to the Olympics to
represent the North Korea. Unlike her brother, Kim Jon-Un, who
is seen by most people as a harsh dictator, Kim Yo Jong is
“striking a chord” with people, according to CNN News. In this
case “striking a chord” means that people are warming up to her.
Something else has happened. North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un has asked for a meeting (in
PyeongChang) with the president of South Korea, Moon Jae-in.
There hasn’t been a meeting between the two republics in more than 10 years. This is seen as a good sign,
because, although they still may not get along, at least they will be communicating.
Meanwhile, there is a lot of exciting sports action happening at the Olympic Games. There are 15 winter
sports, including ice hockey, curling, luge, speed skating, figure skating and snowboard.
There are also many personal stories of triumph and victory at the Olympics. Each country has a designated
broadcaster, who officially covers the Olympic Games for that country. They typically feature personal
stories of their country’s athletes.
One other major thing that is happening in the Olympics this year, is that Russia was found guilty of trying
to cheat in past Olympics. The country was reprimanded by the International Olympic Committee, and told
that most of its athletes would not be allowed to compete under the Russian flag. Many of them are
competing, but as “athletes from Russia,” rather than “representing Russia.” This seems to be a small
distinction, but it is significant. For instance, if any of those athletes win a medal, the Russian anthem will
not be played for them.
Article 4
Pyeongchang 2018 Olympics Day 11: Drama on the ice
Japan is still celebrating Nao Kodaira‘s golden victory, not only for her athletic prowess but also her
kindness. Stories are filling the web about Kodaira hugging her opponents and talking about her late friend
during the Olympics.
The usually slow curling matches are gaining traction as Japan’s female team advances while a Russian
curler is being accused of doping.

Nao Kodaira pays tribute to late friend after capturing gold medal
Speedskating star Nao Kodaira paid an emotional tribute to her late friend and former teammate Miyako
Sumiyoshi on Monday, a day after capturing the women’s 500-meter gold medal at the Pyeongchang
Winter Games.
 Article 5
Olympics 2018: Everything you need to know about the PyeongChang winter games in South Korea
 BY MORGAN WINSOR
Feb 9,
2018, 9:42

Torchbearers carrying the Olympic flame lit the cauldron in South Korea today, marking the official start of
the 23rd Olympic Winter Games.
Here's everything you need to know about the major international multi-sport event.

When does the 2018 Winter Olympics begin?

Competition for the Games began Feb. 8, and the opening ceremony was held today.
The closing ceremony will take place Feb. 25.

Which city is hosting?

Pyeongchang county in South Korea is hosting the 23rd Olympic Winter Games. The region won the right to
hold the Games after two previously unsuccessful attempts, this time beating top bids from Annecy,
France, and Munich, Germany.
Pyeongchang is located some 80 miles east of the country's capital, Seoul, and about 60 miles south of the
Demilitarized Zone dividing North Korea and South Korea.
Opening and closing ceremonies will occur at Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium, a temporary venue that can
seat 35,000 spectators. All competition venues are located within 30 minutes driving distance from the
stadium.

The Pyeongchang Olympic village is housing up to 3,894 athletes and team officials during the 2018 Winter
Games, while a second village in Gangneung is accommodating more than 2,900 personnel.
It's the second time the Olympics will be held in South Korea; Seoul was the host city for the Summer
Olympics in 1988.
The first Winter Olympics were held in Chamonix, France, in 1924.
Jung Yeon-

Je/AFP/Getty Images
PHOTO: A billboard showing information on a new high-speed train line for the 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympic
Games, at Seoul station in Seoul on December 22, 2017. The train will cut travel time significantly.

How can you watch?

Those in the United Kingdom can watch the Games via BBC on television and online. Check ABCNews.com
for updates.

What are the events?

The 2018 Winter Olympics features 102 events in 15 sport disciplines. The sports include bobsleigh, curling,
figure skating, luge, snowboard and ski jumping.
The International Olympic Committee added some new events for the 2018 Winter Olympics: big air
snowboarding, freestyle skiing, mass start speed skating and mixed doubles curling.
Kyodo via Getty Images

An aerial view of the main Olympic stadium for the 2018 Pyeongchang Winter Olympics in South Korea, Nov. 27, 2017.

Russia is banned from the Games. Why?

The International Olympic Committee announced in December that it was barring Russia's national Olympic
committee from the 2018 Winter Olympics as a punishment for its alleged state-sponsored cover-up of
doping by its athletes. Some Russian athletes will still be allowed to participate in the Games by competing
individually under a neutral Olympic flag.
The International Olympic Committee said its report had not found any evidence that the Kremlin was
aware of the doping cover-up, but confirmed the findings of previous investigations by the World Anti-
Doping Agency. Those investigations uncovered evidence that Russia had concealed doping by hundreds of
its athletes for years, aided by the country's intelligence services. The cover-up reached a crescendo during
the 2014 Winter Olympics hosted by Russia in Sochi.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said his government won't prevent athletes from competing in 2018
Winter Olympics under a neutral flag, but he questioned the premise of the ban if the International
Olympic Committee concluded there was no state-sponsored system of doping.
"Punish those who are to blame," Putin said last month. "And secondly, if there is no state support of
doping, then why can't we compete under our national symbols? That, of course, is a big question."
 Lauent
Gillieron/AFP/Getty Images
International Olympic Committee (IOC) executive board members on the first day of the executive board meeting of
the International Olympic Committee (IOC) at the IOC headquarters, in Pully near Lausanne, Dec. 5, 2017.

What do the medals look like?

South Korean designer Lee Suk-woo created the medals for the 2018 Games.
Inspired by the texture of tree trunks, the medals feature a design of dynamic diagonal lines and three-
dimensional characters from Hangeul, the Korean alphabet. The teal and red ribbon from which the medal
hangs was made using Gapsa, a traditional South Korean fabric, and is embroidered with Hangeul patterns
and other designs.

The gold medal weighs the most at 586 grams. A total of 259 sets of medals have been made for the 2018
Winter Olympics, according to the Games official website.

What is the mascot?

A white tiger named Soohorang is the mascot of the this year's Winter Olympics. The white tiger has been
long considered a guardian in Korean history and culture, according to the Games website.
"Sooho," meaning "protection" in Korean, symbolizes the protection offered to the athletes, spectators and
other participants of the Games. "Rang" comes from the middle letter of" Ho-rang-i," the Korean word for
"tiger," and is also the last letter of "Jeong-seon A-ri-rang," a traditional folk song of Gangwon province,
which governs Pyeongchang, according to the Games website.
 Kim Hee-Chul/EPA
Mascots dolls are presented during the Launch of Victory Ceremonies PyeongChang 2018 at the Press Center in
downtown Seoul, South Korea, Dec. 27, 2017. This is Soohorang, a white tiger.

Who pays for the Olympics?

A 2016 report entitled "The Oxford Olympics Study 2016: Cost and Cost overrun at the Games" found the
Olympic Games held over the previous decade each have cost $8.9 billion on average. Factoring in only
sports-related costs, the most expensive Summer Games were in London in 2012, which totaled $15 billion;
the most costly Winter Games, at $21.9 billion, were in Sochi in 2012, according to the report.
Taxpayers of the hosting city foot a good chunk of the bill.

The privately-funded International Olympic Committee retains 10 percent of its revenue from its broadcast
agreements and global sponsorship. The committee distributes the other 90 percent to support the staging
of the Olympic Games and to promote the worldwide development of the sport. These funds include
money for national Olympic committees and financial support to countries.

The International Olympic Committee contributed $833 million to support the 2014 Winter Olympics in
Sochi, according to a report by the committee.

Will the Pyeongchang Games be safe?

The issue of security looms over the ongoing Winter Olympics in South Korea amid sky-high tensions with
neighboring North Korea, which conducted over a dozen ballistic missile tests in the past year.

In a Dec. 6 interview with Fox News, U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Nikki Haley said the situation
with North Korea is "changing by the day" and it was an "open question" whether American athletes would
be able to attend the Winter Games.
 Ryu Seung-
il/Polaris
US and South Korean Marines take part in a joint exercise in Pyeongchang, Gangwon, South Korea, Dec. 19,
2017 as part of the security measures surrounding the Winter Olympics.
A day later, White House press secretary Sarah Huckabee Sanders clarified Haley's comment said via
Twitter, saying, "The U.S. looks forward to participating in the Winter Olympics in South Korea. The
protection of Americans is our top priority and we are engaged with the South Koreans and other partner
nations to secure the venues."
On Jan. 2, for the first time in two years, North Korea restored communications via a direct military hotline
with South Korea to discuss sending a North Korean delegation to the Games.

“We see no point in a dialogue that only discusses the Pyeongchang Olympics without talking about the
nuclear issue,” said Jeong Tae-ok, a spokesman for South Korea's main opposition, the Liberty Korea Party.
“North Korea will surely make unreasonable demands, starting from wanting to be recognized as a nuclear
state."

South Korea is bolstering up security ahead of the Winter Olympics. The defense ministry plans to deploy
approximately 5,000 armed forces personnel to the Games. Hundreds of armed personnel have also
participated in security drills in front of Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium to prepare against terror attacks,
according to Reuters.
South Korean's immigration office has deported at least "17 foreigners who could potentially pose a
terrorist menace to the Olympics," according to Seoul-based newspaper The Korea Times.
Article 6
Olympics 2018: Closing ceremony themed 'The Next Wave' to conclude Pyeongchang Winter Games
By Morgan Winsor
Feb 24, 2018, 10:52 AM ET

After weeks of exhilarating competition and dazzling spectacles against the backdrop of
Pyeongchang's snow-capped mountains, the 23rd Olympic Winter Games will come to an end
Sunday.
The closing ceremony, which starts Sunday at 8 p.m. local time (6 a.m. ET), will tell the story of "The
Next Wave," while emphasizing the "human spirit of perseverance." The program will combine music,
dance and art and will be "somewhat interactive, allowing spectators to both get involved and stay
warm," according to an official press release.
Oh Jang-hwan, director of ceremonies for the Pyeongchang 2018 organizing committee, said the
event will have a "festival atmosphere to recognize and celebrate the athletes' hard work and
achievements at the games."
"We have created a show that looks toward the future; it includes quite a lot of traditional Korean
humor and fun elements to add to the party feel," Oh said in an interview published on the official
Olympics website.
The Bell of Peace is seen as the opening ceremony of the Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympic Games
begins at the Pyeongchang Stadium on Feb. 9, 2018.
K-pop boy group EXO and solo singer CL are slated to be among the star-studded line-up of
performers to take part in Sunday's closing ceremony.
Few other details have been revealed about the program. But it certainly appears the closing
ceremony will showcase South Korea's modernity, in contrast to the Feb. 9 opening ceremony, which
emphasized Korean tradition and culture as well as peace.
U.S. President Donald Trump's daughter, Ivanka Trump, arrived in South Korea on Friday and she will
attend the closing ceremony, leading the U.S. presidential delegation that also includes White House
press secretary Sarah Sanders.
South Korean boy group EXO perform onstage during their 'The ElyXiOn' concert, Feb. 10, 2018, in
Taipei, Taiwan.
Korean singer CL poses on the red carpet during the 2017 American Foundation for AIDS Research
(amfAR) Hong Kong gala at Shaw Studios in Hong Kong, March 25, 2017.
Like the splendid opening ceremony, the closing ceremony will take place at the Pyeongchang
Olympic Stadium in the normally sleepy mountain town of Hoenggye, located in Pyeongchang County
in Gangwon province, South Korea.
"This is the first stadium built exclusively for ceremonies in Olympic history, and its pentagon shape
will allow closer interaction with the spectators," Oh said. "As the stadium is open-air, they will also
get a different sensory experience. They just need to come dressed appropriately for the cold winter
weather!"
Spectators at the 35,000-seat temporary venue were provided with gear to fend off the area's bitter
cold and high winds during the opening ceremony, such as a raincoat, blanket and knitted hats as well
as hand, feet and seat warmers.
There are four final sporting events to watch Sunday before the closing ceremony begins: men's
bobsledding, women's cross-country skiing, women's curling and men's ice hockey.

American Jessica Diggins celebrates after crossing the finish line and winning the gold medal past in
the women's team sprint freestyle cross-country skiing final, Feb. 21, 2018. Stina Nilsson, of Sweden
is in the background.
This was the second Olympics held in South Korea; Seoul was the host city for the Summer Olympics
in 1988.
But as International Olympic Committee President Thomas Bach said earlier this month at the
opening ceremony, these are "the first Olympic Games on snow and ice in the Republic of Korea."
"Now is the time for Pyeongchang," he said.
Article 7
2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics Fast Facts
CNN Library
Updated 0214 GMT (1014 HKT) March 2, 2018

Former figure skater Yuna Kim and Pyeongchang 2018 Winter Olympics mascot Soohorang attend
the Ticket Sales Launch Event at the PyeongChang 2018 One Year to Go ceremony at Gangneung
Hockey Center on February 9, 2017, in Gangneung, South Korea.

(CNN)Here's a look at the 2018 Winter Olympics held in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The games take

place February 9-25, 2018. The Paralympics are scheduled to take place March 9-18, 2018.

Facts:

This is the first time South Korea has hosted the Winter Olympics. The 1988 Summer Olympics were

held in Seoul, South Korea.

The estimated cost of the PyeongChang Winter Olympics is $10 billion, five times less than the 2014

Sochi Olympics, which were estimated to be the costliest ever.

To avoid any potential confusion with North Korea's capital, Pyongyang, the PyeongChang resort -

which is just 50 miles south of the demilitarized zone that separates the two countries - has changed

its name for the Games, by capitalizing the "C."

The city lost by three votes to Vancouver for hosting duties in the 2010 Olympics, and by just four

votes to Sochi for the 2014 event.

Development of high-speed rail lines was key to the country's Olympic bid, as Pyeongchang is rather

isolated. The new train lines allow individuals to travel from Seoul to Pyeongchang in less than an

hour.
In total, 13 venues, split between Pyeongchang and neighboring Gangneung, are used during the 17

days of the Games. Six new venues were built, and additional venues were renovated for the Games.

A record 102 medals will be awarded in 15 disciplines.

For the first time, viewers in all US time zones will have access to live coverage of the games, instead

of a delayed replay.

Venues and Sports Maps

Schedules

Timeline:

October 16, 2009 - The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announces that three cities have

applied to host the games: Munich, Annecy, France, and Pyeongchang, South Korea.

June 22, 2010 - The three cities are selected as finalists to host the 2018 Olympics.

June 7, 2011 - NBC and Comcast are awarded the rights to continue broadcasting the Olympic Games

through 2020 for $4.38 billion. Since 1964, NBC has broadcast 16 editions of the game.

July 6, 2011 - The winning city, Pyeongchang, is announced in Durban, South Africa.

May 3, 2013 - The PyeongChang Organization Committee (POC) unveils the official Olympics

emblem.

June 9, 2015 - The IOC announces the addition of six events: one alpine skiing event, two

snowboarding events, two skating events, and one curling event. This increases the total number of

gold medals to 102, allowing the PyeongChang 2018 Games to be the first in Winter Olympic history

to hold more than 100 medal events.

June 2, 2016 - PyeongChang announces the official mascots for the games: Soohorang, a white tiger,

and Bandabi, an Asiatic black bear.

April 3, 2017 - The National Hockey League (NHL) announces no break in the 2017-2018 schedule for

the participation in the PyeongChang Games. Players part of NHL teams will not be allowed to

participate in the Games.

September 21, 2017 - France threatens to skip the Olympics over safety concerns, due to

Pyeongchang's proximity to North Korea and North Korea's recent testing of atomic weapons.

October 19, 2017 - The IOC announces Apostolos Angelis, a 24 year-old cross-country skier from

Greece, will be the first torchbearer for the 2018 Olympic Games.

October 24, 2017 - In the role of high priestess, Greek actress Katerina Lehou lights the Olympic torch

before the 2,600-year-old Temple of Hera, the site of Ancient Olympia. The torch is then handed to
Angelis, the first torchbearer, who then passes it to its first South Korean torchbearer, former

Manchester United midfielder Park Ji-Sung.

October 24, 2017 - Despite concerns over safety by other European countries, Germany reaffirms its

participation in the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.

November 1, 2017 - The flame arrives in the Republic of Korea, 100 days before the Games are

scheduled to begin.

November 7, 2017 - The POC announces that the 13 sporting venues are currently 99.7% completed.

November 17, 2017 - The Nigerian bobsled team qualifies for the 2018 Olympics, becoming both the

first Nigerian team and the first African women competitors to be represented at the Winter

Olympics.

December 5, 2017 - The IOC announces that Russia is banned from participating in the 2018

Olympics due to a lengthy doping investigation. Clean athletes will be allowed to participate under

the generic Olympic flag.

January 20, 2018 - The IOC announces North Korea will participate in the Winter Olympics. North

Korea and South Korea will march together under one flag during the opening ceremonies.

February 6, 2018 - The PyeongChang Olympics Committee says that 1,200 security guards have been

pulled from duty following a norovirus outbreak at the Olympic facilities, and 900 South Korean

military personnel have replaced them. As of February 4, 41 security guards had suffered from

symptoms of the virus.

February 9, 2018 - North Korean leader Kim Jong Un's sister, Kim Yo Jong, along with a North Korean

delegation, attends the opening ceremony of the Winter Olympics. Kim Yo Jong is the first member

of the North's ruling dynasty to visit the South since the end of the Korean War in 1953. The

appearance at the Olympics is part of a three-day visit to the South.

February 22, 2018 - Valentina Parinova, spokeswoman for the Russian Curling Federation, tells

broadcaster Russia-1 that Aleksandr Krushelnitckii and his wife and curling partner, Anastasia

Bryzgalova, gave back their bronze medals, after he tested positive for the banned substance

meldonium.

February 28, 2018 - The IOC confirms that all remaining drug test results from Russian athletes came

back negative, and "as stated in the Executive Board decision of 25th February the suspension of the

Russian Olympic Committee is automatically lifted with immediate effect."

Article 8
2018 Winter Olympic Games hit with destroyer malware during opening ceremony
By Doug Olenick
February 12, 2018

2018 Winter Olympic Games hit with destroyer malware during opening ceremony Warnings that the
2018 Winter Olympic Games would be the target for hackers came true almost immediately as the
Pyeongchang computer system was hit with a "destroyer" cyberattack knocking its website and other
services offline.

The games' organizers have confirmed that an attack did take place during the opening ceremonies
on February 9 hitting several non-critical systems, including its internet and television systems. Cisco
Talos corroborated the organizer's statement saying that while the infection vector remains
unknown the malware was a destroyer type as there is no evidence that it attempted to remove any
data. Due to the nature of the attack it has been dubbed Olympic Destroyer.

“Analysis shows that actors are again favouring legitimate pieces of software as PsExec functionality
is identified within the sample. The destructive nature of this malware aims to render the machine
unusable by deleting shadow copies, event logs and trying to use PsExec & WMI to further move
through the environment. This is something we have witnessed previously with BadRabbit and
Nyetya,” wrote Talos researchers Warren Mercer and Paul Rascagneres.
Other than confirming the attack Olympic organizers refused to comment on the incident, Reuters
reported.
"It's pretty easy for attackers to hide their origins or use VPNs etc., so the IOC is probably doing the
right thing of not blaming until they are sure. Forensics/attribution is really hard work especially
given sophisticated attackers! Also from a PR perspective, they probably don't want to do anything
until the games are over," said Vyas Sekar, assistant professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
at Carnegie Mellon University.
The attack was an attempt to embarrass the Olympic hosts, Talos believes. The attack knocked the
Games' website offline preventing fans from printing tickets and the Wi-Fi system was degraded
inhibiting news coverage of the opening ceremonies. Due to the fact that the credentials needed to
infiltrate the system were hard coded into the binary file, the investigators believe the computer
network had been compromised in some fashion well prior to the games.

Crowdstrike Intelligence said that in November and December of 2017 it had observed a credential
harvesting operation operating in the international sporting sector. At the time it attributed this
operation to Fancy Bear, but only with a medium level of confidence and Adam Meyers,
CrowdStrike's VP of Intelligence, said there is no evidence connecting Fancy Bear to the Olympic
attack.

Talos and Crowdstrike obtained samples of the malware and found that it is a binary file with the
initial injection placing two info stealers to be used to find additional credentials enabling the
malware to spread laterally through the Olympic computer system. It also used hard coded
credentials found within the binary file itself.

The initial evidence indicates that the hacker has a great deal of knowledge of the Pyeongchang
system infrastructure such as username, domain name, server name and passwords. Forty-four
accounts were found in the binary file itself. The stealer supports: Internet Explorer, Firefox and
Chrome. The malware parses the registry and it queries the sqlite file in order to retrieve stored
credentials, the researchers said.

The destructive phase of the attack begins almost immediately by using the cmd.exe from the host to
begin deleting all shadow copies on the system and by going after the systems possible recovery
methods. The malware also uses the cmd.exe to shut down wbadmin.exe to make file recovery
difficult. WBAdmin is a tool used by admins to recover individual files, folders and whole drives.

Next, cmd.exe is used to damage bcdedit to ensure that the Windows recovery console does not
attempt to repair anything on the host.

Once the malware made any recovery harder it deleted the security windows event log making an
analysis of the attack difficult.

“Wiping all available methods of recovery shows this attacker had no intention of leaving the
machine useable. The sole purpose of this malware is to perform destruction of the host and leave
the computer system offline,” the researchers said. “The malware uses the ChangeServiceConfigW
API to change the start type to 4 which means: "Disabled: Specifies that the service should not be
started. Finally after modifying all the system configuration, the destroyer shutdowns the
compromised system.”
Most of the warnings regarding cyberattacks at the Winter Olympics centered on protecting
attendees from either getting hacked at the event or for falling for phishing attack that use the
games as part of their social engineering scheme.
Article 9
USA Cheer Team Invited to Perform at 2018 Winter Olympics
12/01/17

University of Kentucky will represent USA Cheer and the United States at the XXIII Winter Olympic
Games

Bartlett, Tenn., November 29, 2017 – USA Cheer has announced that a team of United States
cheerleaders will attend and perform during the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea
in support of the USA’s Olympic Teams and Athletes. In coordination with the organizing committee
of Pyeongchang 2018, the provisionally IOC recognized governing body for Cheer, the International
Cheer Union (ICU), as well as ICU’s South Korea National Cheer Federation, the Korea Cheerleading
Association (KCA), USA Cheer has been extended the invitation to designate a top US-based team to
perform and support the USA during the 2018 Winter Olympics located in the Gangwon Province.

USA Cheer has chosen the University of Kentucky to represent the United States in performances at
awards ceremonies, Olympic venues, street parades, closing ceremonies and a cheerleading
championship with teams from other countries. Cheer teams representing Norway, Russia, Germany,
Switzerland, Canada and the Netherlands will also be participating in the events.

“We are proud to send the University of Kentucky to represent the United States of America,” says
Lauri Harris, Executive Director of USA Cheer. “The cheerleaders from the University of Kentucky
have engaged crowds and elevated spirit for generations, and have won countless national
championships and we are excited to have them show their talent and spirit on the world stage.”

Jomo Thompson, coach for the University of Kentucky’s coed cheer team, agrees. “Our athletes are
among the finest in the country, and appreciate this opportunity to participate in the activities
surrounding the Olympic Games. They take this responsibility seriously and are looking forward to
representing American cheerleading in Korea.”

USA Cheer is a member of the International Cheer Union (ICU), which is the governing body for cheer
worldwide. The ICU has more than 110 member countries, and hosts the ICU World Championships
each April. The US National Team, selected by USA Cheer, has won a combined 22 gold medals in
nine years at the ICU World Championships.

“The United States is the birthplace of cheerleading, and we are looking forward to sharing the talent
of the US-based team with the Olympic community and fans,” says Karl Olson, Secretary General of
the ICU. “We are pleased to see cheerleading teams of the top Winter Olympic countries represented
at the 2018 Winter Olympic Games. This will be an excellent and significant opportunity
internationally to showcase the Sport of Cheer and its talented athletes.”
Summaries

Article 1
Geisenberg won her second golden medal for Germany with ludge. Stina Nilsson out sweden won the
Cross country sprint race. The Dutch were the fastest with speed skating. They took both gold and
silver with the 1500 meter for man. Arianna Fontana, an Italian, won the 500-meter short track race
very close. Canada won the curling game very easily. Shout White was winner for the half pipe run.
Marcel Hirscher out Austria won the Slalom game by recording the best time. The American Chloe
Kim won the women’s halfpipe with 93,75 points. Nobody came even close to that. Kei Saito was
suspended as first one from the competition because of drug positive.

Article 2
Below are the top 11 winter olympics moments.

 Chloe Kim, she was the youngest one who one gold on the half pipe. She was only seventeen.

 Kenworthy kiss, it was a moment between two men in love, an openly gay Olympian kissing
his boyfriend at the bottom of the hill during the ski slopestyle event.
 Ester Ledecka, the greatest athlete is the Czech Ester Ledecka, even if the 22-year-old herself
does not agree. She won both gold with alpine skiing and with the snowboarding’s parallel
giant slalom. She was the only one who get gold with two different sports.
 Marit Bjoergen, the Norway’s Marit Bjoergen was the most successful Winter Olympian of all
time when she finished third in the team sprint free. She has now in total 39 medals.
 The opening ceremony, the sight of athletes from North and South Korea walking in unison at
the opening ceremony was a moment that will live long in the memory. The lead up to these
Winter Olympics had been dominated by relations between two nations still technically at
war.
 Unified Korean ice hockey team, On the night the unified Korean ice hockey team made its
Olympic debut, even in comprehensive defeat they sent a message to the world that winning
is not everything. It was not for sporting reasons that this group of 35 women were hastily
put together. No-one expected this combined team to achieve anything on the ice but the
political message resonated louder than any fan's roar.
 Korean cheerleaders, Few at Pyeongchang 2018 could match the relentless enthusiasm of
North Korea's cheering squad. They were as absorbing as any contest. Photographers
focused their lenses on the cheerleaders nearly as often as those performing on the snow
and ice. It was a rare chance to see a northern neighbour. Their presence also created some
fear with those who believed that allowing North Korea to compete at the Games allowed
the country to also spread propaganda.
 USA women's ice hockey, It came down to a sudden-death shootout for gold between four-
time defending champions Canada and perennial bridesmaids the US. The American scored
and Maddie Rooney followed up with a save from the Canada's. Cue jubilation as the US
women celebrated winning ice hockey gold for the first time in 20 years. Canada had won
gold at the previous four Olympics.
 Red Gerrard The 17-year-old American overslept the morning of the slopestyle competition,
and went into his third run on a blustery morning at the Phoenix Snow Park. He had one last
 chance and he nailed it, producing a spectacular gold-medal winning run. Team USA had its
first gold of the Games and Gerard became the youngest American man to win an Olympic
winter gold medal since 1928.
 'Garlic Girls', They may have lost to Sweden in the final, but South Korea's curling team
captured hearts in Pyeongchang. The South Korean women's curling team, given their
moniker because of their garlic-producing hometown, attracted worldwide attention during
the Games, their surprise winning streak turning them into internet sensations.
 Cross-country skiers, Mexico's German Madrazo had never skied until last year and while the
43-year-old may have finished last in the men's 15km cross country, the sight of him crossing
the line, holding the Mexican flag aloft, encapsulated the Olympic spirit.

Article 3
It’s significant that the Winter Games is this year in PyeongChang (South Korea). But the Olympics
may bring North and South Korea closer together.
North Korea is a dictatorship. The person who rules this country is Kim Jong-Un aka the ‘Supreme
Leader’. He keeps its country separated from the world. Free communication is not allowed.
The leaders of South Korea are communicating more because they take part of the Olympics
together; Korea.
North Korean dictator Kim Jong-Un has asked for a meeting in PyeongChang with the president of
South Korea; Moon Jae-In. There hasn’t been a meeting in more than 10 years.
There are fifteen winter sports happening at the Olympics. Each country has a designated
broadcaster.
Russia tried to cheat in past Olympics. The country was reprimanded by the IOC. Most of the athletes
were not allowed to compete under the Russian flag. So if a Russian wins a medal, the Russian
anthem will not be played for them.

Article 4
Japan is still celebrating the golden victory of Nao Kodaira, for her athletic prowess and kindness.
There are stories about Kodaira hugging opponents and talking about her late friend.
Japan’s female team advances during the always slow curling matches while a Russian curler is being
accused of doping. Nao Kodaira paid a tribute to her late friend after capturing a gold medal.

Article 5
The Olympics begin on Feb. 8 and end on Feb. 28. Pyeongchang county in South Korea is hosting the
23rd Olympic Winter Games. Opening and closing ceremonies will occur at Pyeongchang Olympic
Stadium. The Pyeongchang Olympic village is housing up to 3,894 athletes and team officials during
the 2018 Winter Games. It's the second time the Olympics will be held in South Korea. The 2018
Winter Olympics features 102 events in 15 sport disciplines. The International Olympic Committee
added some new events for the 2018 Winter Olympics. The International Olympic Committee
announced in December that it was barring Russia's national Olympic committee from the 2018
Winter Olympics as a punishment for its alleged state-sponsored cover-up of doping by its athletes.
That’s why they came in the Olympics under a neutral flag. Designer Lee Suk-woo created the medals
for the 2018 Games. The medals feature a design of dynamic diagonal lines and three-dimensional
characters from Hangeul, the Korean alphabet. A white cute tiger named Soohorang is the mascot of
the this year's Winter Olympics. The white tiger has been long considered a guardian in Korean
history and culture. The Olympic Games held over each have cost $8.9 billion on average. Taxpayers
of the hosting city foot a good chunk of the bill. The privately-funded International Olympic
Committee retains 10 percent of its revenue from its broadcast agreements and global sponsorship.
The committee distributes the other 90 percent to support the staging of the Olympic Games and to
promote the worldwide development of the sport. Nikki Haley said that it was an "open question"
whether American athletes would be able to attend the Winter Games. But they will attend the
Winter Games South Korea is bolstering up security ahead of the Winter Olympics. The defense
ministry plans to deploy approximately 5,000 armed forces personnel to the Games. Hundreds of
armed personnel have also participated in security drills in front of Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium to
prepare against terror attacks.

Article 6
The 23rd Olympic Winter Games will come to an end Sunday. The closing ceremony will tell the story
of "The Next Wave," while emphasizing the "human spirit of perseverance." They say that they have
created a show that looks toward the future; it includes quite a lot of traditional Korean humor and
fun elements. It certainly appears the closing ceremony will showcase South Korea's modernity which
emphasized Korean tradition and culture as well as peace. The closing ceremony will take place at the
main Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium "This is the first stadium built exclusively for ceremonies in
Olympic history. This was the second Olympics held in South Korea; Seoul was the host city for the
Summer Olympics in 1988.

Article 7
The most important facts of these years
 October 16, 2009 - The International Olympic Committee (IOC) announces that three cities
have applied to host the games: Munich, Annecy, France, and Pyeongchang, South Korea.

 June 22, 2010 - The three cities are selected as finalists to host the 2018 Olympics.

 July 6, 2011 - The winning city, Pyeongchang, is announced in Durban, South Africa.

 May 3, 2013 - The PyeongChang Organization Committee (POC) unveils the official Olympics

emblem.

 June 9, 2015 - The IOC announces the addition of six events: one alpine skiing event, two

snowboarding events, two skating events, and one curling event. This increases the total

number of gold medals to 102, allowing the PyeongChang 2018 Games to be the first in

Winter Olympic history to hold more than 100 medal events.

 June 2, 2016 - PyeongChang announces the official mascots for the games: Soohorang, a

white tiger, and Bandabi, an Asiatic black bear.

 November 1, 2017 - The flame arrives in the Republic of Korea, 100 days before the Games

are scheduled to begin.

 February 6, 2018 - The PyeongChang Olympics Committee says that 1,200 security guards

have been pulled from duty following a norovirus outbreak at the Olympic facilities, and 900
 South Korean military personnel have replaced them. As of February 4, 41 security guards

had suffered from symptoms of the virus.

Article 8
The games' organizers have confirmed that an attack did take place during the opening ceremonies
on February 9 hitting several non-critical systems, including its internet and television systems.
“Analysis shows that actors are again favouring legitimate pieces of software as PsExec functionality
is identified within the sample. The destructive nature of this malware aims to render the machine
unusable by deleting shadow copies, event logs and trying to use PsExec & WMI to further move
through the environment. The attack was an attempt to embarrass the Olympic hosts, Talos believes.
The attack knocked the Games' website offline preventing fans from printing tickets and the Wi-Fi
system was degraded inhibiting news coverage of the opening ceremonies. Crowdstrike Intelligence
said that in November and December of 2017 it had observed a credential harvesting operation
operating in the international sporting sector. Most of the warnings regarding cyberattacks at the
Winter Olympics centered on protecting attendees from either getting hacked at the event or for
falling for phishing attack that use the games as part of their social engineering scheme.

Article 9
Bartlett, Tenn., November 29, 2017 – USA Cheer has announced that a team of United States
cheerleaders will attend and perform during the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea
in support of the USA’s Olympic Teams and Athletes. USA Cheer is a member of the International
Cheer Union (ICU), which is the governing body for cheer worldwide. The ICU has more than 110
member countries, and hosts the ICU World Championships each April.
Word lists

Article 1
 Halfpipe: A half-moon-shaped chut or ramp used by snowboarders and skateboarders to
provide a takeoff for a jump.
 Slud: A one- or two-person sled for coasting or racing down a chute, used especially in
Europe.
 Penalized: To declare (an action, deed, etc.) punishable by law or rule.
 Interference: An act, fact, or instance of interfering.
 Dazzled: To shine or reflect brilliantly.
 Clinched: To settle (a matter) decisively.
 Acetazolamide: A crystalline powder, C 4 H 6 N 4 O 3 S 2, used chiefly in the treatment of
glaucoma and edema.
 Provisionally: Providing or serving for the time being only; existing only until permanently or
properly replaced; temporary.
Article 2
 Negotiated: Try to reach an agreement or compromise by discussion with others.
 Bestowed: Confer or present (an honor, right, or gift).
 Dizzying: Make (someone) feel unsteady, confused, or amazed.
 Outstripping: Move faster than and overtake (someone else).
 Escalating: Increase rapidly.
 Comprehensive: Complete; including all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.
 Boycott: A punitive ban that forbids relations with certain groups, cooperation with a policy,
or the handling of goods.
 Moniker: A name.
 Encapsulated: Enclose (something) in or as if in a capsule.
Article 3
 Significant: Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention.
 Dictatorship: a country governed by one ruler.
 Harsh dictator: Unpleasant ruler/dictator.
 Striking a chord: It causes people to approve of it or agree with it.
 Designated: Appoint to a specified office or post.
 Broadcaster: An organization that transmits a programme or information by or television.
 Reprimanded: Someone in authority species to you in an angry way because you’ve done
something wrong.
 IOC: International Olympic Committee.
 Distinction: A difference or contrast between similar things or people.
 Anthem: A song that represents a country.
Article 4
 Prowess: A specific act of bravery.
 Accused: Charged with a crime.
 Tribute: A speech that shows your respect and admiration to someone.
  Capturing: Take into one’s possession or control by force.
 Alleged: Without proof.
 Infraction: A violation of a law or agreement.
 Suffered: Experience or be subjected to (something bad or unpleasant).
 Preliminary: Preceding or done in preparation for something fuller or more important.
Article 5
 Demilitarized: Remove all military forces from (an area).
 Luge: A light toboggan for one or two people, ridden in a sitting or supine position.
 Alleged: (Of an incident or a person) said, without proof, to have taken place or to have a
specified illegal or undesirable quality.
 Concealed: Kept secret; hidden.
 Crescendo: A gradual increase in loudness in a piece of music.
 Revenue: Income, especially when of a company or organization and of a substantial nature.
 Ballistic: Of or relating to projectiles or their flight.
Article 6
 Exhilarating: Making one feel very happy, animated, or elated; thrilling.
 Backdrop: A painted cloth hung at the back of a theater stage as part of the scenery.
 Emphasizing: Give special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing.
 Perseverance: Steadfastness in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving
success.
 Slated: cover (something, especially a roof) with slates.
 Star-studded: (Of the night sky) filled with stars.
 Line-up: A group of people or things brought together in a particular context, especially the
members of a sports team or a group of musicians or other entertainers.
 Emphasized: Give special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing.
Article 7
 Demilitarized zone: An area in which it is forbidden to station military forces or maintain
military installations.
 Venues: The place where a public event or meeting happens.
 Torchbearer: One that carries a torch.
 Dynasty: A line of hereditary rulers of a country.
Article 8
 Malware: Software which is specifically designed to disrupt a computer system.
 Sophisticated: Having a great deal of worldly experience and knowledge of fashion and
culture.
 Credentials: A qualification, especially used to indicate their suitability for something.
Article 9
 Everything is clear.
Bibliography

Article 1
Victor Mather; (2018); Winter Olympics 2018 Results: Dutch Romp in Speed Skating; consulted on 10
March; https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/12/sports/olympics/winter-games-medals.html

Article 2
Aimee Lewis, CNN; (2018); PyeongChang 2018: The top 11 moments from the Winter Olympics;
consulted on 18 March; https://edition.cnn.com/2018/02/25/sport/pyeongchang-2018-winter-
olympics-top-moments/index.html

Article 3
Joyce Grant; (2018); Winter Olympics More Than Just Sports; consulted on 19 March;
http://teachingkidsnews.com/2018/02/11/winter-olympics-more-than-just-sports/

Article 4
Unknown; (2018); PyeongChang 2018 Olympics Day 11: Drama on the ice; consulted on 19 March;
https://www.japantimes.co.jp/sports/2018/02/20/olympics/winter-olympics/pyeongchang-2018-
olympics-day-11/#.WrAK60xFyM8

Article 5
Morgan Winsor; (2018); Olympics 2018: Everything you need to know about the PyeongChang winter
games in South Korea; consulted on 21 March; http://abcnews.go.com/International/olympics-2018-
pyeongchang-winter-games-south-korea/story?id=52026112

Article 6
Morgan Winsor; (2018); Olympics 2018: Closing ceremony themed ‘The Next Wave’ to conclude
PyeongChang Winter Games; consulted on 22 March;
http://abcnews.go.com/International/olympics-2018-closing-ceremony-themed-wave-conclude-
pyeongchang/story?id=53304651

Article 7
CNN library; (2018); 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics Fast Facts; consulted on 25 March;
https://edition.cnn.com/2017/12/08/world/2018-pyeongchang-winter-olympics-fast-
facts/index.html

Article 8
Doug Olenick; (2018); 2018 Winter Olympic Games hit with destroyer malware during opening
ceremony; consulted on 25 March; https://www.scmagazine.com/2018-winter-olympic-games-hit-
with-destroyer-malware-during-opening-ceremony/article/743811/

Article 9
Unknown; (2017); USA Cheer Team Invited to Perform at 2018 Winter Olympics; consulted on 25
March; http://aroundtherings.com/site/A__62178/Title__USA-Cheer-Team-Invited-to-Perform-at-
2018-Winter-Olympics/292/Articles