Grade 10 Maths Exam Memos: Paper 1

M
GR 10 MATHS – EXAM MEMOS
2
i i i 2 x
NATIONAL EXEMPLAR PAPER 1 1.4 Let x = 0,245 2.1.3
3S
= R

x = 0,245 245 . . .
â ... –
% 3 S) â 2 x = 3 SR
% 1 000) â 1 000 x = 245, 245 245 . . . ... —
3 SR
2 2 ÷ 2) â x =
1.1.1 (m - 2n)(m - 6mn - n ) — - –: â 999 x = 245 2
9 S2 R2
245 Square : â x = 
3
= m - 6m n - mn
2 2
â x = 4
999
2 2 3
- 2m n + 12 mn + 2n
3 2 2 3 . . . i.e. x can be expressed as a where
= m - 8m n + 11 mn + 2n  b 2.2 6q + 7p = 3 ... –
a & b ∈Z
2q + p = 5 ... —
x3 + 1 4x 2 - 3x - 1
— % 3: ... ˜
1.1.2
x - x +1
2
-
4x + 1 â x is a rational number 6q + 3p = 15
– - ˜: â 4p = - 12
(x + 1)( x 2 - x + 1) - (4x + 1)(x - 1)
= â p = -3 
( x 2 - x + 1) (4x + 1)

= (x + 1) - (x - 1) —: â 2q - 3 = 5
2.1.1 x2 - 4x = 21
= x+1 - x+1 2 â 2q = 8
â x - 4 x - 21 = 0
= 2  â q = 4 
â (x + 3)(x - 7) = 0
â x+3 = 0 or x-7 = 0
2
1.2.1 6 x - 7x - 20 2 5 â x = -3  â x = 7 

EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 1

3 4
= (2x - 5)(3x + 4)  st
3.1.1 The 1 3 terms :
5
2 3(3) + 1 ; 2(3) ; 3(3) - 7
1.2.2 a + a - 2ab - 2b 2.1.2 3x 4 = 96
= a(a + 1) - 2b(a + 1) 5 â 10 ; 6 ; 2 
= (a + 1)(a - 2b) 
÷ 3) â x 4 = 32

(x )
4 4
5
â 4
5 = ( 25 ) 5 3.1.2 The difference is - 4

â In Tn = an + b : a = - 4
1.3 49 < 51 < 64 . . . i.e. 51 lies between 49 and 64 â x = 24
& T0 = b = 14 . . . the
st
term before the
â 7< 51 < 8 . . . taking the square root â x = 16  1 term
â Tn = - 4n + 14 
i.e. 51 lies between 7 and 8 

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 Grade 10 Exam Memos: Paper 1
4.2.2 The amount of interest 5.3.3 (a) n(L or S) = 3 + 4 + 14 = 21
M 3.1.3 n ? if Tn < - 31
â - 4n + 14 < - 31 = The total amount paid over the 18 months â P(L or S) =
21

40
â - 4n < - 45 – the loan amount
2 ÷ (- 4) â n > 11
1 = R6 046,88 – R5 399 (b) n(R and S) = 14 . . . where R is the set
4 14 of all right-handed
th = R647,88 â P(R and S) =
â The 12 term  40 people
7
= 
4.3 28,35 g is worth $978,34 = R978,34 % 8,79 20
3.2 The even numbers : 6 ; 12 ; 18 . . .
th
= R8 599,61
â The 13 even number = 13 % 6 = 78 
â 1 g is worth R8 599,61
th 28,35 y
OR : The 13 even number 6.1
â 1 kg is worth R 8 599,61 % 1 000 . . . 1 kg = 1 000 g
th
= the 26 term of the pattern
28,35
= 26 % 3
l R303 337,16 
= 78

f
1
y =1
5.1.1 A ∩ B  OR : A and B 
O x
4,25 30 1 -3 -2
4.1 P = 4 500 ; i = = 0,0425 ; n = = 2 ; A? 5.1.2 A′  OR : not A 
100 12 2 Note :
n 2,5 We can only know
A = P(1 + i ) = 4 500(1 + 0,0425) = R4 993,47 5.2 Set B  that the graphs
-4 intersect once
Question 6.4
4.2.1 The loan amount = R5 999 - R600 = R5 399 5.3.1 Of the 40 learners, 7 are left-handed has been done !
â 40 - 7 = 33 are right-handed
The accumulated amount, A = P(1 + i n) 3
f: y =
Of the 18 learners who play soccer, x +1
1
EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 1

where P = 5 399; i = 8% = 0,08; n = 1 years; A ? 4 are left-handed y-intercept (x = 0) : none

2
â 14 learners who play soccer are right-handed
x-intercept (y = 0) : 3x + 1 = 0
â A = 5 399 ⎡⎢1 + (0,08) 3 ⎤⎥
⎣ 2 ⎦ () â The number of learners who are right-handed
and DON'T play soccer â
3
= R6 046,88 x = -1
= 33 - 14 = 19 
â x = -3
6 046,88
â The monthly amount to be paid =
18
n(Class) = 40 g : y = - 2x - 4
= R335,94  5.3.2
y-intercept (x = 0) : y = - 4
L S
7-4
4
18 - 4 x-intercept (y = 0) : - 2x - 4 = 0
= 3 = 14
â - 2x = 4
19
â x = -2
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 Grade 10 Exam Memos: Paper 1
6.2 Asymptotes : y = 1  g y h 7.4 The graph of h y
x-intercept of g : (- 2; 0)
M
6.7
f
& x = 0 (the y-axis)  & x-intercept of h : (2; 0)  O x
is obtained by 2
(- 2; 0) (2; 0) flipping f . . . -f(x)
O x
6.3 Domain of f : x ≠ 0; x ∈R  y-intercept of g : (0; - 4) then, shifting down
-2
2
. . . (-∞; 0) ∪ (0; ∞) & y-intercept of h : (0; - 4)  2 units . . . -2
(0; - 4)
â The range of h : y ≤ 0  h
3
f (x) = g(x) 
6.4
x + 1 = - 2x - 4 Notice : The reflected points have
2
the same y-coordinate, OR : ( - ∞; 0 ] 
% x) â 3 + x = - 2x - 4x but the x-coordinates
2
â 2x + 5x + 3 = 0 are opposite in sign. OR : h(x) = - ⎛⎜ 1 x 2 - 2⎞⎟ - 2 y
⎝2 ⎠
â (2x + 3)(x + 1) = 0 1 2 O x
â h(x) = - x +2-2
â 2x + 3 = 0 or x+1 = 0 2

â 2x = - 3 â x = -1  7.1 C(- 2; 0)  . . . symmetrical about the y-axis 1 2

â h(x) = - x
2 h
â x = -3 
2
7.2 The equation of f : y = a(x + 2)(x - 2) . . . roots â The range of h : y ≤ 0 
Note : These are the x-coordinates of the 2 -2 & 2
â y = a( x - 4)
points of intersection of f and g :
5 7.5 q = - 4 . . . range y > - 4  y = - 4 is an asymptote
⎛-- 1 1 ; -1⎞ & (-- 1; - 2)
⎜ ⎟ Subst. B ⎛⎜- 3; 5 ⎞⎟ : â = a ⎡⎣(- 3) 2 - 4⎤⎦
⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝ 2⎠ 2 y g
â Equation of g :
5
â = a(5) x f
2 y = b -4; b>0
6.5 -1 ≤ g( x) < 3 1
÷ 5) â a = O x
2 A(2; 0)
â - 1 ≤ - 2x - 4 < 3 . . . g(x) = -2x - 4 Substitute A(2; 0) : -2
2 y = -4
1 2 0 = b -4 -4
â The equation of f : y = (x - 4)
add 4 : â 3 ≤ - 2x < 7 When one divides by 2 2
â b = 4
1 2
÷ (- 2) : â -
3
≥ x > -
7 a negative number,
. . . the direction of the â y = x -2  â b = 2 . . . b ≠ -2 ä b > 0
2 2 2
'inequality' changes.

EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 1

7 3 â Equation of g : â means therefore
â- < x ≤ - . . . the inequality has been 7.3 The y-intercept of f is (0; - 2) x ä means because
2 2 rewritten with the y = 2 -4 
smaller value on the left â The range of f : y ≥ - 2  OR : [ - 2; ∞) 

1
i.e. - 3 < x ≤ - 11  1 1
OR : ⎛⎜- 3 ; - 1 ⎥⎤ 
2 2 ⎝ 2 2⎦

( means excluding ; ] means including
6.6 k( x) = 2 g( x) = 2(- 2x - 4) = - 4x - 8
â The equation of k : y = - 4x - 8
â The y-intercept of k : (0; - 8) 
Graphs are easier than you thought !
The Answer Series offers excellent material
in several subjects for Gr 10 - 12.
See our website www.theanswer.co.za
. . . substitute
x=0
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 Grade 10 Exam Memos: Paper 2
x < 4 500 M ⎛⎜
- 3 + (- 1) 3 + (- 8) ⎞
M
2.1 2 500 ≤ ;
3.1.4 ⎟
NATIONAL EXEMPLAR PAPER 2 ⎝ 2 2 ⎠

5
The sum of . . . â M ⎛⎜- 2 ; - ⎞⎟ 
2 1.1 The mean,
the products of the frequency ⎝ 2⎠
and the mid-value for each interval y
n
∑ xi D(- 3; 3)
total number of scores 2.2 Estimated mean, X
x = i =1 ...
n total number of days 103 × 3 500 + 19 × 5 500 + 70 × 7 500 + 77 × 9 500...* x
= G
929 103 + 19 + 70 + 77 + 85 + 99 M
=
19 The sum of the frequencies E(3; - 5)
l 48,89 
*… + 85 % 11 500 + 99 % 13 500 F(-1; k)
n
(Q 1) (Q 2) 4 035 500
= ∑ fi xi
1.2 31 ; 31 ; 34 ; 36 ; 37 ; 39 ; 40 ; 43 ; 46 ; 46 ; 48 ; 453 i =1
X = n
3.1.5 m
l 8 908,39 kg  DEFG will be a | | if M is the midpoint
(Q 3) ∑ fi
52 ; 56 ; 60 ; 62 ; 63 ; 65 ; 66 ; 74 i =1 of EG too.
2.3 The estimated mean  ˆ = 90º,
& Since DEF
The median (Q 2) = 46 
This value is at the centre of the set, whereas DEFG will be a rectangle.
m
the modal class is an extreme situation in relation . . . if one ø of a || is a right ø,
1.3 The lower quartile (Q 1) = 37 
to the other intervals.  then the || m is a rectangle.
The upper quartile (Q 3) = 62 

3.1.1
2 2
DE = (3 + 3) + (- 5 - 3)
2 xG + 3 y G + (- 5) 5
1.4 Min value = 31 & Max value = 74 = -2 and = -
2 2 2
= 36 + 64
= 100 % 2) â xG + 3 = - 4 â yG - 5 = - 5
31 37 46 62 74 â DE = 10 units  â xG = -7 â yG = 0
30 40 50 60 70 80 â G(-7; 0) 
EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 2

3.1.2 Gradient of DE,

-5 - 3 -8 4
mDE = = = -  OR : The translation F to G equals that of E to D
3+3 6 3
Our solutions are set out in such a way as to â G(-1 - 6 ; - 8 + 8)
promote thorough understanding and logic !
k+5 k+5 â G(-7; 0) 
3.1.3 mEF = =
We trust that this package will help you grow -1 - 3 -4
in confidence as you prepare for your OR : The translation D to G equals that of E to F
exams. The Answer Series study guides ˆ = 90º  mEF = + 3
DEF . . . EF ⊥ DE
have been the key to exam success for 4 â G(- 3 - 4 ; 3 - 3)
many learners. Visit our website to find k+5 3 â G(-7; 0) 
â =
appropriate resources for your success ! -4 4
www.theanswer.co.za % (- 4) â k + 5 = -3
â k = -8 
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 Grade 10 Exam Memos: Paper 2
2 2 2 2 12 13
( 53 )
5.2.3 DS = DK – SK
3.2
y
CD = (x - 1) + (5 + 2) =
2
4.3.2 sin θ =
13
 cosec θ =
12 = 35,58 km – 8 km M
D(x; 5) â (x - 1) + 49 = 53 2
169
â cosec θ + 1 = ⎛⎜ 13 ⎞⎟ + 1 = = 27,58 km 
2 2
â (x - 1) +1
2
= 4 144
⎝ 12 ⎠
x â x-1 = ±2 ˆ = 5
169 + 144 313 ⎛ = 2 25  ⎞ 5.2.4 tan JSD
Note : x must â x = 3 or -1 = =  ⎜ ⎟ 27,58
be negative. C(1; - 2) 144 144 ⎝ 144 ⎠
ˆ l 10,3º  . . . tan -1 ⎛ 5 ⎞ =
â JSD ⎜ 27,58 ⎟
But x < 0 in the second quadrant ⎝ ⎠
5.1.1 5 cos x = 3 correct to 1 dec. place
â x = -1  . . . only the neg. value of x is valid
3
÷ 5) â cos x = (= 0,6)
5
AB 6.1.1
4.1.1 sin C = -1 ⎛ 3 ⎞ y
AC  â x l 53,1º  . . . cos ⎜ ⎟ =
⎝5⎠ 6-
AB
4.1.2 cot A =
BC 5.1.2 tan 2 x = 1,19 5-
-1
â 2x = 49,958…º . . . tan 1,19 =
BC 1 4-
Note : tan A = ; cot A =
AB tan A ÷ 2) â x l 25,0º 
3-
4.2 The expression 5.1.3 4 sec x – 3 = 5 2-
3 1 30º + 3) â 4 sec x = 8
× 2 1-
2 3 3
45º
÷ 4) â sec x = 2
= 2
2 1 x
60º 1 â cos x = (0º; 0) 90º (180º; 0) 270º (360º; 0)
1 45º 2
1
% 1
-1 -
-1 1
. . . cos ⎛⎜ ⎞⎟ =
=
2 2
1 x = 60º 
⎝2⎠ -2 -
1 2
= x . . . The denominator must
2 2 2 be rationalised ˆ = 8º 
5.2.1 JKD . . . alternate ø's; || lines
-3 -

-4 -
2

EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 2

=  ... 2 % 2 = 2 DK 1
4 5.2.2 In ΔJDK : = cot 8º ... = -5 -
5 tan 8º
4.3.1 OP = 13 units . . . 5 : 12 : 13 Δ ; Pythagoras % 5) â DK =
5 -6 -
tan 8º
y x = 90º x = 270º
P(- 5; 12) = 35,5768 . . . km
13 = 35 576,8 metres 6.1.2 y = - 2 tan x 
12 θ
l 35 577 metres  g(x) = a sin x  g(90º) = a sin 90º
O x 6.2.1 a = 4   4 = a
(-) 5 R . . . correct to the nearest metre
6.2.2 The range of h :
-5 5 x -2 ≤ y ≤ 6 
â cos θ = = -  . . . cos θ = . . . the values of y
13 13 r
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 Grade 10 Exam Memos: Paper 2
3
7. 9.1 In ΔDBA :
M
A 7.2.2 2 :1
= 8 :1  diagonals of ||m BCDE
O is the midpt of BD . . .
bisect each other
0,8 m 0,8 4
π ( 2 r)3
2 H
B New volume
Original volume
=
3
4
π r 3
=
3 3
2 r
r 3
=
8
1
& F is the midpt of AD . . . diagonals of || AODE
m

G
3 C 3 bisect each other

2,1
D 7.2.3 Volume of silver the line joining the
â OF || AB  . . . midpoints of two sides
4
= π(8 + 1)3 - 4 π(8)3 . . . The volume of silver of a Δ is || to the 3rd side
F 3m E 3 3 covering the ball
= 908,967. . . m
2 2 2
9.2 AE || OD . . . opp. sides of || AODE
A
7.1.1 AH = 0,8 + 1,5 3
l 908,97 mm  â AE || BO
= 2,89
â AH l 1,7 m  0,8 m
and OF || AB . . . proven above

J H
Geometry is easier than you thought !
1,5 m The Answer Series offers excellent material â OE || AB
(especially Geometry) for Gr 10 - 12.
m
â ABOE is a || . . . both pairs of opposite
OR : Pythag. triple : 8 : 15 : 17 See our website www.theanswer.co.za sides are parallel
 0,8 : 1,5 : 1,7 
m opp. sides
8.1 OQ = 2 cm  . . . the longer diagonal of a kite OR: In || AODE : AE = and || OD . . .
bisects the shorter diagonal of ||m
7.1.2 Surface area of roof A
= 4 % area of ΔABC 8.2 ˆ = 90º 
POQ ...
the diagonals of a kite But OD = and || BO . . . O proved midpt
intersect at right angles of BD in 9.1
1
= 4% (3)(1,7) the longer diagonal of a â AE = and || BO
2 1,7 m
B ˆ = 20º
2
8.3 QPO . . . kite bisects the (opposite)
= 10,2 m  H â ABOE is a ||
m
 . . . 1 pr of opp. sides
3m ˆ = 40º 
â QPS angles of a kite
= and ||
C
7.1.3 Surface area of the walls
EXAM MEMOS: PAPER 2

9. Hint : s
= 4 % area of GFEC 9.3 In Δ ABO and EOD
ms s
= 4 % (3)(2,1) Use hiliters to mark the various || and Δ m
1) AB = EO . . . opposite sides of || ABOE
2
= 25,2 m 
A 2) BO = OD . . . proved in 9.1
m
â The total surface area of the tent 3) AO = ED . . . opposite sides of || AODE
= 10,2 + 25,2
2
B E â ΔABO ≡ ΔEOD  . . . SSS
= 35,4 m 
F s
The hilited Δ
O (and their sides)
4 3
7.2.1 Volume = πr = 4 π(8)3 l 2 144,66 mm3  refer to Question 9.3.
3 3
C D
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