BAB IV

Balok Kantilever

Balok kantilever (overstek) adalah balok yang hanya disangga atau dijepit
pada salah satu ujungnya dan ujung lainnya bebas atau tanpa tumpuan. Konstruksi
ini sering dijumpai pada bagian dari sebuah konstruksi gedung. Adapun contoh
penerapan atau aplikasi dari balok kantilever dapat dilihat pada Gambar 4.1
berikut.

Gambar 4.1 Contoh struktur balok kantilever

Berikut ini beberapa contoh soal dan penyelesaian untuk struktur balok kantilever.

Noviyanthy H. MT. 49
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
Contoh Soal 1

P1 = 3 ton P2 = 2 ton

A 1 B 2

VA VB
2,5 m 3,0 m 1,5 m
7,0 m

Penyelesaian :

1. Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

ΣMB = 0
VA . 5,5 – P1 . 3 + P2 . 1,5 = 0
VA . 5,5 – 3 . 3 + 2 . 1,5 = 0
VA = 1,091 ton (  )

ΣMA = 0
-VB . 5,5 + P2 . 7 + P1 . 2,5 = 0
-VB . 5,5 + 2 . 7 + 3 . 2,5 = 0
VB = 3,909 ton (  )

Kontrol :
ΣV = 0
VA + VB = P1 + P2
1,091 + 3,909 = 3,0 + 2,0
5,0 ton = 5,0 ton (oke!!!)

Noviyanthy H. MT. 50
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 2. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam
a) Bentang A – 1 ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,5 meter )

Mx
Nx

VA Lx
x

ΣMx = 0
VA . x – M x = 0
Mx = 1,091 x
x = 0 ; MA = 0 tm
x = 2,5 ; M1 = 2,728 tm

ΣV = 0
VA – Lx = 0
Lx = 1,091
x = 0 ; LA = 1,091 ton
x = 2,5 ; L1 = 1,091 ton

ΣH = 0
Nx = 0

Noviyanthy H. MT. 51
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 b) Bentang 1 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 3,0 meter )

P1 = 3 ton

Mx
Nx

VA Lx
2,5 m x

ΣMx = 0
VA . (2,5 + x) – P1. x – Mx = 0
Mx = 1,091 (2,5 + x) – 3. x
= 2,728 – 1,909x
x = 0 ; M1 = 2,728 tm
x = 3 ; MB = - 2,999 tm

ΣV = 0
VA – P1 – Lx = 0
Lx = 1,091 - 3
= - 1,909
x = 0 ; L1 = - 1,909 ton
x = 3 ; LB = - 1,909 ton

ΣH = 0
Nx = 0

Noviyanthy H. MT. 52
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 c) Bentang 2 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 1,5 meter )

P2 = 2 ton

Mx
Nx
Lx
x

ΣMx = 0
P . x + Mx = 0
Mx = - 2x
x = 0 ; M2 = 0 tm
x = 1,5 ; MB = - 3,0 tm

ΣV = 0
- P2 + Lx = 0
Lx = 2
x = 0 ; L2 = 2,0 ton
x = 1,5 ; LB = 2,0 ton

ΣH = 0
Nx = 0

Noviyanthy H. MT. 53
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 3. Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal

P1 = 3 ton P2 = 2 ton

A 1 B 2

VA VB
2,5 m 3,0 m 1,5 m
7,0 m

3 tm

MOMEN 0 tm 0 tm
+

2,728 tm

2t

1,091 t
+
+
LINTANG 0t 0t

1,909 t

NORMAL 0t 0t

Noviyanthy H. MT. 54
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
Contoh Soal 2

PV P = 2,5 ton
q = 4 t/m

HA  = 60°
PH
A B 1

VA VB
4,0 m 2,0 m
6,0 m

Penyelesaian :

1. Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

ΣMB = 0
VA . 4 – q . 4 (½ . 4) + P sin 60° . 2 = 0
VA . 4 – 4 . 4 (½ . 4) + 2,5 sin 60° . 2 = 0
VA = 6,917 ton (  )

ΣMA = 0
-VB . 4 + P sin 60° . 6 + q . 4 (½ . 4) = 0
-VB . 4 + 2,5 sin 60°. 6 + 4 . 4 (½ . 4) = 0
VB = 11,248 ton (  )

Kontrol :
ΣV = 0
VA + VB = q . L + P sin 60°
6,917 + 11,248 = 4 . 4 + 2,5 sin 60°
18,165 ton = 18,165 ton (oke!!!)

ΣH = 0
HA – P cos 60° = 0
HA = 1,250 t (  )

Noviyanthy H. MT. 55
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 2. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam
a) Bentang A – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 4,0 meter )

q = 4 t/m
Mx
HA Nx

VA Lx
X

ΣMx = 0
VA . x – q . x (½. x) - Mx = 0
Mx = 6,917 x – 2x2
x = 0 ; MA = 0 tm
x = 4 ; MB = - 4,332 tm

ΣV = 0
VA – q . x – Lx = 0
Lx = 6,917 – 4x
x = 0 ; LA = 6,917 ton
x = 4 ; LB = - 9,083 ton

ΣH = 0
- HA – Nx = 0
Nx = - 1,250
x = 0 ; NA = - 1,250 ton
x = 4 ; NB = - 1,250 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 56
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 b) Bentang 1 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,0 meter )

V P = 2,5 ton

Mx
 = 60°
1 PH
Nx
Lx
X

ΣMx = 0
P sin 60° . x + Mx = 0
Mx = - 2,165x
x = 0 ; M1 = 0 tm
x = 2 ; MB = - 4,330 tm

ΣV = 0
- P sin 60° + Lx = 0
Lx = 2,165
x = 0 ; L1 = 2,165 ton
x = 2 ; LB = 2,165 ton

ΣH = 0
P cos 60° + Nx = 0
Lx = - 1,250
x = 0 ; L1 = - 1,250 ton
x = 2 ; LB = - 1,250 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 57
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 3. Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal

P V P = 2,5 ton
q = 4 t/m

HA  = 60°
PH
A B 1

VA VB
4,0 m 2,0 m
6,0 m

4,332 tm

MOMEN 0 tm 0 tm

6,917 t

2,165 t
+
+
LINTANG 0t 0t

9,083 tm

NORMAL 0t - 0t
1,250 t

Noviyanthy H. MT. 58
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
Contoh Soal 3

q = 3 t/m P V P = 2,5 ton

HA  = 60°
PH
A 1 B 2

VA VB
2,0 m 3,0 m 2,0 m
7,0 m

Penyelesaian :

1. Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

ΣMB = 0
VA . 5 – ½ q . 3 (1 3 . 3) + P sin 60° . 2 = 0
VA . 5 – ½ . 3 . 3 (1 3 . 3) + 2,5 sin 60° . 2 = 0
VA = 0,034 ton (  )

ΣMA = 0
-VB . 5 + P sin 60° . 7 + ½ q . 3 (2 3 . 3 + 2) = 0
-VB . 5 + 2,5 sin 60°. 7 + ½ 3 . 3 (2 3 . 3 + 2) = 0
VB = 6,631 ton (  )

Kontrol :
ΣV = 0
VA + VB = ½ q . L + P sin 60°
0,034 + 6,631 = ½ 3 . 3 + 2,5 sin 60°
6,665 ton = 6,665 ton (oke!!!)

ΣH = 0
HA – P cos 60° = 0
HA = 1,250 t (  )

Noviyanthy H. MT. 59
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 2. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam
a) Bentang A – 1 ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,0 meter )

Mx
HA Nx

VA Lx
X

ΣMx = 0
VA . x – M x = 0
Mx = 0,034 x
x = 0 ; MA = 0 tm
x = 2 ; M1 = 0,068 tm

ΣV = 0
VA – Lx = 0
Lx = 0,034
x = 0 ; LA = 0,034 ton
x = 2 ; L1 = 0,034 ton

ΣH = 0
- HA – Nx = 0
Nx = - 1,250
x = 0 ; NA = - 1,250 ton
x = 2 ; N1 = - 1,250 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 60
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 b) Bentang 1 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 3,0 meter )

q = 3 t/m
𝑞𝑥 𝑥
Mx =
HA 𝑞𝑜 𝐿
Nx
𝑞𝑜
VA Lx 𝑞𝑥 = 𝑥
𝐿
2,0 m X

𝑞𝑥 = 𝑥
ΣMx = 0
VA . (2 + x) – ½ qx . x (1 3. x) - Mx = 0
Mx = 0,034 (2 + x) – ½ x . x (1 3 x)
= 0,068 + 0,034x – 1 6 x3
x = 0 ; M1 = 0,068 tm
x = 3 ; MB = - 4,330 tm

ΣV = 0
VA – ½ qx . x – Lx = 0
Lx = 0,034 – ½ x . x
= 0,034 – ½ x2
x = 0 ; L1 = 0,034 ton
x = 3 ; LB = - 4,466 ton

ΣH = 0
HA – N x = 0
Nx = - 1,250
x = 0 ; N1 = - 1,250 ton
x = 3 ; NB = - 1,250 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 61
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 c) Bentang 2 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 2,0 meter )

P V P = 2,5 ton

Mx
 = 60°
PH
Nx
Lx
X

ΣMx = 0
P sin 60° . x + Mx = 0
Mx = - 2,165x
x = 0 ; M2 = 0 tm
x = 2 ; MB = - 4,330 tm

ΣV = 0
- P sin 60° + Lx = 0
Lx = 2,165
x = 0 ; L2 = 2,165 ton
x = 2 ; LB = 2,165 ton

ΣH = 0
P cos 60° + Nx = 0
Lx = - 1,250
x = 0 ; L2 = - 1,250 ton
x = 2 ; LB = - 1,250 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 62
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 3. Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal

q = 3 t/m PV
P = 2,5 ton
HA  = 60°
PH
A 1 B 2

VA VB
2,0 m 3,0 m 2,0 m
7,0 m

4,332 tm

MOMEN
0 tm +
0 tm
0,068 tm

2,165 t
0,034 t +
LINTANG +
0t 0t

4,466 tm

NORMAL -
0t 0t
1,250 t

Noviyanthy H. MT. 63
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
Contoh Soal 4

P2 = 4 ton P1 = 6 ton
q = 10 t/m

P3 = 3 ton
A 1 2 B

VB
2,0 m 3,0 m 5,0 m
10,0 m

Penyelesaian :

1. Perhitungan Reaksi Perletakan

ΣMB = 0
MB – P2 . 10 – P1 . 8 – q . 5 ( ½ . 5) = 0
MB – 4 . 10 – 6 . 8 – 10 . 5 ( ½ . 5) = 0
MB = 213 ton . meter ( )

ΣV = 0
VB – P1 – P2 – q . L = 0
VB – 4 – 6 – 10 . 5 = 0
VB = 60 ton (  )

ΣH = 0
HB + P3 = 0
HB = - 3 ton (  )
= 3 ton (  )

Noviyanthy H. MT. 64
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 2. Perhitungan Gaya-gaya Dalam
a) Bentang A – 1 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2,0 meter )

P2 = 4 ton

Mx
P3 = 3 ton Nx

Lx
X

ΣMx = 0
- P 2 . x – Mx = 0
Mx = - 4 x
x = 0 ; MA = 0 tm
x = 2 ; M1 = - 8,0 tm

ΣV = 0
- P2 – Lx = 0
Lx = - 4
x = 0 ; LA = 4,0 ton
x = 2 ; L1 = 4,0 ton

ΣH = 0
P3 – Nx = 0
Nx = 3
x = 0 ; NA = 3,0 ton
x = 2 ; N1 = 3,0 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 65
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 b) Bentang 1 – 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 3,0 meter )

P2 = 4 ton P1 = 6 ton

Mx
P3 = 3 ton Nx

Lx
2,0 m X

ΣMx = 0
- P2 .(2 + x) – P1 . x – Mx = 0
Mx = - 4 (2 + x) – 6 x
x = 0 ; M1 = - 8,0 tm
x = 3 ; M2 = - 38,0 tm

ΣV = 0
- P2 – P1 – Lx = 0
Lx = - 4 – 6
x = 0 ; L1 = - 10,0 ton
x = 3 ; L2 = - 10,0 ton

ΣH = 0
P3 – Nx = 0
Nx = 3
x = 0 ; N1 = 3,0 ton
x = 3 ; N2 = 3,0 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 66
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 c) Bentang 2 – B ( 0 ≤ x ≤ 5,0 meter )

P2 = 4 ton P1 = 6 ton
q = 10 t/m
Mx
P3 = 3 ton Nx

Lx
2,0 m 3,0 m X

ΣMx = 0
- 4 (5 + x) – 6 (3 + x) – q . x ( ½ x) – Mx = 0
Mx = - 20 – 4x – 18 – 6x – 5x2
= - 38 – 10x – 5x2
x = 0 ; M2 = - 38,0 tm
x = 5 ; MB = - 213,0 tm

ΣV = 0
- P2 – P1 – q . x – Lx = 0
Lx = - 4 – 6 – 10x
= - 10 – 10x
x = 0 ; L2 = - 10,0 ton
x = 5 ; LB = - 60,0 ton

ΣH = 0
P3 – Nx = 0
Nx = 3
x = 0 ; N2 = 3,0 ton
x = 5 ; NB = 3,0 ton

Noviyanthy H. MT. 67
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
 3. Gambar Bidang Momen, Lintang dan Normal

P2 = 4 ton P1 = 6 ton
q = 10 t/m

P3 = 3 ton
A 1 2 B

VB
2,0 m 3,0 m 5,0 m
10,0 m

213,0 tm

38,0 tm -

8,0 tm
MOMEN
0 tm 0 tm

4,0 t
LINTANG +
0t 0t
-
10,0 t

60,0 t

0t 0t
NORMAL +
3,0 t

Noviyanthy H. MT. 68
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1
SOAL LATIHAN

1. Hitunglah reaksi perletakan, gaya-gaya dalam dari struktur statis tertentu

dibawah ini dan gambarkan bidang momen, lintang dan normal dengan
mencantumkan ordinat-ordinat penting!

P1 = 2 ton P 2 = 3 ton P3 = 4 ton

 = 45°

2m 2m 2m 2m

2. Hitunglah reaksi perletakan, gaya-gaya dalam dari struktur statis tertentu

dibawah ini dan gambarkan bidang momen, lintang dan normal dengan
mencantumkan ordinat-ordinat penting!

q = 3 t/m q = 2 t/m

2m 2m 2m 2m

3. Hitunglah reaksi perletakan, gaya-gaya dalam dari struktur statis tertentu

dibawah ini dan gambarkan bidang momen, lintang dan normal dengan
mencantumkan ordinat-ordinat penting!

P1 = 2 ton P2 = 4 ton q = 4 t/m

1m 0,5 m 3m

Noviyanthy H. MT. 69
Statika dan Mekanika Bahan 1