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IELTS Writing Task 1 Process

In IELTS Writing Task 1, there are 2 types of processes which include Manufacturing
Process (MP) and Natural Process (NP). Passive voice is preferred for MP while NP is
active voice
1. TIPS TO REMEMBER:

-In the introduction you can use:

The diagram/picture/chart shows/illustrates/describes/depicts the process


of/how…

For example:

Topic: The diagram below shows how the Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects
up-to-the-minute information on the weather in order to produce reliable
forecasts.

Essay: The figure illustrates the process used by the Australian Bureau of
Meteorology to forecast the weather.

-Find a starting point and write the process as a series of steps

-Useful connecting words you can use are:

first/firstly/first of all, to star with, …or The first step | is involved + Ving

secondly, thirdly

then/next/after that/following that/following on from this, …

subsequently/in the subsequent stage/ subsequent to that, finally..

At the beginning of…/ At the end of…

For example:

To begin with, the food is processed. The next step is when it is packed. Finally, it is
delivered.

- Use the following conjunctions to make more complex sentences:

when/once/as soon as/immediately/whereas….

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For example:

Once obtained, raw materials and manufactured components are stored for later
assembly.

The manufacturing stages involve the storage, assembly, inspection, packing to the
sales methods whereas the research stages include market & product research, design
and advertisement.

before + clause or gerund

Eg: Most consumer goods go through a series of stages before they emerge as finished
products ready for sale.

after + clause or gerund

Eg: After the production planning is complete the assembly, inspection, testing and
packaging stages are done sequentially.

where/from where/after which

Eg: Assembly first depends upon the production planning stage, where it is decided how
and in what quantities the stored materials will be processed to create sufficient
quantities of finished goods.

2. USEFUL SENTENCE STRUCTURES:

-The chart/diagram….shows/describes/illustrates how + clause

E.g: The diagram below shows how salt is removed from sea water to make it
drinkable

-The chart/diagram….shows/describe/illustrates + noun

E.g: The charts below show the result of public survey

-The chart/diagram….provides/gives information about……….

-The production of……………..

-The process of producing/ making………………

- How………….is produced/ made.

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-There are………………..main steps/ stages in…………………..

-The …………………….involves ………………….main steps/ stages beginning


with………………and finishing with…………………..

Example: There are five main steps in the process of producing milk, meanwhile
only three stages are required to store it after that.

3. PROCESS REPORT SAMPLE

Manufacturing process:

The diagrams below show the stages and equipment used in the cement- making
process, and show how cement is used to produce concrete for building
purposes.

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The given diagrams illustrate the production of cement, and how to use cement to make
concrete.

It is clear that there are five main stages in the process of making cement; meanwhile,
only two steps are required to produce concrete.

At the first stage of producing cement, limestone and clay are put through a machine
called crusher and become power. This power is then mixed and is brought into a
rotating heater where it is heated in high temperature. The process continues with
grinding the material and then cement is produced. At the final stage, cement is
packaged into bags and is ready for the production of concrete.

Moving to the production of concrete, the first step is combining different materials –
water, sand and small stones in the proportions of 10%, 25% and 50% respectively.
This mixture is next put into a concrete mixer in order to become final concrete which
can be used for building purposes.

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Natural process:

The diagram shows the life cycle of the honey bee

The diagram illustrates the various stages in the life of a honey bee. We can see that
the complete life cycle lasts between 34 and 36 days. It is also noticeable that there are
five main stages in the development of the honey bee, from egg to mature adult insect.

The life cycle of the honey bee begins when the female adult lays an egg; the female
typically lays one or two eggs every 3 days. Between 9 and 10 days later, each egg
hatches and the immature insect, or nymph, appears.

During the third stage of the life cycle, the nymph grows in size and sheds its skin three
times. This molting first takes place 5 days after the egg hatches, then 7 days later, and
again another 9 days later. After a total of 30 to 31 days from the start of the cycle, the
young adult honey bee emerges from its final molting stage, and in the space of only 4
days it reaches full maturity.

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Process diagram
The diagram shows how electricity is generated by a hydroelectric dam.
Write a 150-word report for a university lecturer explaining how the process works.

Model answer
The diagram illustrates the basic principles of hydroelectric power. The process requires
the construction of a large dam connected to a powerhouse. The dam creates a large
reservoir and the powerhouse is where the electricity is generated.

First of all, water trapped in the reservoir behind the dam is forced through an intake. It
then flows into a narrow chamber called a penstock, where the resulting high pressure
turns a turbine. The turbine is connected to a generator in the powerhouse above, and
this is where the movement of the turbine is converted into electricity. The resulting
electricity leaves the powerhouse via cables that carry it over long distances to where it
can be used.

It is interesting to note that a hydroelectric dam creates no harmful byproducts and


relies entirely on natural forces to produce electricity. After the turbine stage, water
flows out through a second channel and into a river. The process is renewable, thanks
to the water cycle in nature.

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