Now let’s discuss the advancements made in robotics field, the opportunities it offers and future

prospects. Coming to advancements, with advent of technologies like Machine learning and AI, the
field of robotics has grown leaps and bound ; more so in past decade. Following are some notable
developments made in this field :-

 Lovotics

Social Robotics and Human Robot Interaction towards affection and friendship between the robot
and the human partner.

 Social Robots and Chatbots

Robot that interacts and communicates with humans or other autonomous physical agents by
following social behaviours.

 Neurorobotics

 Neural Networks

Defined as Artificial intelligence technique that mimics the operation of the human brain (nerves and
neurons), and comprises of densely interconnected computer processors working simultaneously.

 Medical Robotics

 Industrial Robotics

 Tele robotics

Tele robotics is the area of robotics concerned with the control of semi-autonomous robots from a
distance, chiefly using Wireless network (like Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, the Deep Space Network, and similar)
or tethered connections.

 Swarm Intelligence and Robotics

Swarm intelligence and robotics is another way to deal with the coordination of multi-robot
frameworks.

 Nanobots

Fight with in-body cancerous cells and kill them.

Now that we have seen , robotics has dwelled into every industry imaginable, So does this mean we
have prospects of loosing our jobs to machines.? Yes, but there’s hope too.

First we should realise that Factories will always seek the cheapest workforce, be that human or
machine. But we should also think that one of the primary uses of these technologies is doing things
we don’t want to. Dangerous jobs, boring jobs, physically demanding jobs and jobs where high levels
of repetitive accuracy are needed. Now if robots are doing jobs what we don’t want to do, then
what’s the harm in it? The catch is majority of the population is doing these types of jobs only to
feed their families, and that’s why they are under tremendous risk.

Now, if we take examples from history, the industrial revolution of 1900s also displaced a lot of jobs,
more so in agriculture but we evolved and are still sustaining. Similarly, this time also we will evolve
and live out this 4th Industrial revolution.
While traditional machines, including fixed location industrial robots, replaced our muscles, these
new smart machines have the potential to replace our minds.

Now, let’s see which industries are at high risk. If we see this diagram from a ONS research.

The industries like Manufacturing, retail and transportation are at high risk, while education and
social work are relatively at low risk, due to the nature of jobs these industries have. The former
ones have more of mechanised, repetitive work like filling forms and tasks of low complexity which
are easily automatable while of the other hand latter ones need more focus on social and literacy
skills which are not easily automatable. But is the situation so grim for automatable industries? No.
Even if they are automatable but There are economic, legal and regulatory constraints that might
restrict automation in practice?

 Economic – just because it is technically feasible to replace a human worker with a robot
does not mean that
it would be economically attractive to do so.

 Even if economic barriers to adopting automation can eventually be overcome, however,

there could also be significant legal and regulatory hurdles to negotiate. E.g. The case of
driverless car’s accident. Who takes the liability?

Now, talking about the good side of it, that’s Can Automation generate offsetting jobs and income
gain?

We have focused so far on estimating the potential job losses

from automation. In practice, however, there should also be significant gains from these
technologies in terms of completely new types of jobs being created related to these new digital
technologies. Wealth from these innovations being recycled into
additional spending, so generating demand for extra jobs in less automatable sectors where humans
retain a comparative advantage over smart machines.. This will lead to :-

 Higher average real income levels across the country as a whole

due to higher overall productivity

 More skewed income distribution with a greater proportion going to those with the skills to
thrive in an ever more digital economy – this would put a premium not just on education
levels when entering the workforce, but also the ability to adapt over time and reskill
throughout a working life.

Can man and machine co-exist?

Is there a middle way in terms of future of Jobs.

Yes, if we can control their evolution. If we can stop them from developing their own language and
stop them from evolving their intelligence at a faster rate than us.

Collaboration is the middle way. Through collaboration, we will get more of what we do now done –
better, quicker and cheaper. We will find new things to explore that were previously not possible
without these technologies or collaborations. New types of businesses and new economies will
come to life.

 Why collaboration is more likely than takeover?

AIRA technologies have the potential to free us from many of the

tasks we don’t want to do, and to do new things that would be impossible without them. Both of
these let us develop and explore
new ways of living and working.

 A more cultured caring and individual world?

Ironically the ‘rise of the robots’ might be the most humanising thing we’ve ever done.

Because when robots will be doing the mundane and boring work which ate up most of out time,
now we can focus our efforts in improving our quality of life and engaging ourselves in other creative
pursuits.

From here , your part.

But what if these machines displace more jobs than they really create?