Professional Documents
Culture Documents
5
Business | Technical
English
Multiversum
All Rights Reserved 2017– 2018
3
Multiversum
Identity and mission
The pioneer of cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin, together with all its various clones and forks
based on Proof of Work algorithm for transaction validation, are considered first-genera-
tion blockchains.
The fourth generation is going far beyond this, achieving faster and more scalable solu-
tions and trying, at the same time, to become competitive from a business perspective;
simple chains of data are not flexible enough to fulfill corporate environment needs, in
which complex data structures need to be organized in tables (as in relational databases).
At the same time, those structures need to be validated and made immutable with block-
chain-based techniques, increasing traceability and security.
In other words, fourth generation blockchain brings this technology to a complete prima-
ry production application, and expand current business-oriented offer in terms of data
storage, application decentralization, auditing, security, reliability.
Multiversum offers complex data organization instead of data sequencing, chain splitting
and rejoining to allow for greater scalability and parallelism, and the concept of Proof of
Integrity validation (i.e. cryptographic proof of server code) instead of existing Proof of
Work or Proof of Stake solutions.
Furthermore, Multiversum will feature ERC20/ERC23 integration, allowing coins and to-
kens from other solutions to be hosted on our chain and vice-versa, with notary services
as an external confirmation method.
Meanwhile, together with these innovations, we are certainly going to make use of several
good solutions that our colleagues already implemented over time.
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Multiversum
The 4th Generation Relational Blockchain
Why is Multiversum the 4.0 Blockchain?
Transaction Speed
In less than 0.2 seconds funds are transferred across wallets,including secure validation
of the transactions. Among the fastest in the world.
Transaction Throughput
Unmatched scalability: Up to 64,000 Tps (1000 Tps/core) on a 64 cores server.
Proof of Integrity
PoS (Proof of Stake) will be replaced by PoI (Proof of Integrity).
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Eco-friendly
A Multiversum transaction will have insignificant costs and
next to zero environmental footprint.
Rollback
Optional rollback can be activated on Multiversum-hosted tokens.
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Divisible Chains
Resources optimization among nodes because of chain severability.
Relational Blockchain
A brand new blockchain which features different types of data,
related in a multidimensional structure.
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Public presentation
Current Blockchain State of the Art
Multiversum technology pushes traditional blockchain beyond its current limits, by en-
hancing the data layer through self-verifying and distributed structures of organized data
entities, related one to another by symbolic links.
This technology set the foundations for a decentralized and distributed system of coher-
ent self-verifying transactions: Multiversum blockchain.
Multiversum allows, instead of the existing blockchain simple data model, the creation of
a Relational Crypto Database (an advanced and organized data storage solution) which
can handle not just a single data-type, but a series of data grouped in graphs of complex
data structures related one another. Relations are now first class citizens of the blockchain
and are assured by cryptographic methods.
Each one of them, when a state change is requested, will have its own sub-chain splitting
from the original branch, that will rejoin after the operation, in order to be validated.
One of Multiversum main targets is to offer the market, in every moment, the most evolved
product available: this will be possible adopting an AGILE4 software development meth-
odology.
AGILE methodology implies a drastic reduction in initial project design involvement, in fa-
vor of valorization of experiences encountered during project development, which show
opportunities and threats hardly predictable ex ante, rewarding best practices and leav-
ing behind the inadequate ones.
AGILE is an established software development standard and urges developers, product own-
ers and investors to consider project scope5 as flexible and readily adaptable to market needs.
Furthermore, in such a rapidly evolving sector as software, releasing a product after six
months of study and a year of implementation, when it was conceived to match the mar-
ket needs of eighteen months before, means offering an obsolete product which gives
answers to outdated issues, that have maybe been solved by competitors and lacking of
responses to just-created challenges.
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AGILE, instead, gives the chance to offer to the market the most innovative product at
time of delivery.
Horizontal Scalability
Multiversum benefits from two specific features to maximize system efficiency:
1- The main chain is able to optimize its structures by splitting autonomously in multiple sub-
chains, according to requested resources and data streams, parallelizing the work across multiple
threads and nodes.
This chain-split process is executed until the normalization of work loads, when, still autonomous-
ly, the chain will become whole again.
All of this is possible because of a technique allowing every block of the chain to validate two
different sub-chains from two different incoming links.
2- Data sharding6, i.e. a technique that allows data distribution among multiple nodes.
Given an ABC data series and three Cluster nodes, we will have a data distribution as follows:
AB
BC
CA
This subdivision permits higher processing speed of transactions, as data queries will im-
pact only subchain nodes, optimizing each step.
Another extremely important feature of our technology is High Availability7: the chance
of relying on a cluster type that ensures continuity of services even in case of shutdown of some
nodes in the network.
Using the previous example (A, B and C nodes), should C go offline, A and B nodes would still
remain completely operative, allowing continuity of service without any kind of data loss as far as
50%+1 of the nodes remain operative.
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This way, in case of multiple node failure, the cluster will autonomously reorganize data distribu-
tion communicating with every node, until complete operational recovery.
Environment
Multiversum is also Eco-Friendly: one of our main goals is to lower the computational power
needed for cryptographic validation therefore avoiding mining (Proof of Work), a huge waste of
power and resources.
Instead of this obsolete technique, we are implementing Proof of Integrity, a protocol that per-
forms cryptographic validation by checking the authenticity of the software that resolves every
persistence of the transaction.
Data Management
Multiversum, with its Crypto-Relational Database can easily structure it without limits of
data linking.
Every wallet will have a series of states and will be linked to a person (user), and a new
wallet state change will include two data fields:
the previous state, to check for validation.
a link to the last transaction (or to the last main chain link)
so that the provenience of the new state change link will be known.
After the change, the transaction modification will be added and its modified state link
will rejoin the main chain.
Therefore, the new transaction will inherit two hashes: one from the state link, one from
the previous transaction, and in this way, all operations will validate the previous ones re-
lated to the transaction itself.
This advanced solution, able to manage complex data scenarios, will allow people to
implement any kind of application on our technology, ensuring worldwide institutional,
governmental, financial and industrial diffusion, bringing the whole blockchain universe
one step forward.
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Unique Features !
Owner Transaction
Name Transactionid
Surname Transaction
Wallets id Time
Hash PreviousTransactionHash
PreviousHash SenderHash
ReceverHash
Value
Wallet
WalletState
Creation
DataTime
Hash
PreviousHash
WalletState
Value
ModificationTime
Hash
PreviousHash
the primary chain in two secondary chains (and possibly splitting themselves again indef-
initely) when a high request of transactions executions occurs. Once the workload has
dropped again, multiple pre-existing sub-chains are allowed to link back and validated.
This mechanism allows parallel work while maintaining safety to the transaction’s record.
shard1
Custld txn
1
1
shard1
2
2
Custld txn
1
copy to split
1
2
shard3
2
Custld txn
1
1
shard2
Custld txn
shard3
3
3
4
Custld txn
4
3
copy to split
3
4
4
shard4
Custld txn
3
3
4
4
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Or
Stateful service
Biometric
Sample
Live BioCert
Capturing Matching
Data BC
Biometric Biometric
Y Template Certificate
Signed
Message Digital Sign Message
Sent to Receiver
Template
Key Generation minutiae (T)
01001101 0100110110
Chaff (C)
generation
List scrambling
Vault (V)
(VS)
int totalSupply();
int balanceOf(String walletId);
boolean transfer(String receiverWalletId, int value);
boolean transferFrom(String senderWalledId, String receiverWalletId, int value);
boolean approve(String spenderWalledId, int _value);
int allowance(String walletId, String spenderWalledId);
boolean Transfer(String senderWalledId, String receiverWalletId, int value);
boolean Approval(String walletId, String spenderWalledId, int _value);
10. Native off-chain adapter for external ERC20/ERC23 (Interoperability with other
blockchains)
Multiversum will develop a native adapter to allow inbound and outbound flow of coins
and tokens from non-proprietary chain on its own chain.
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Server
Reciprocal
Locked
Access
Container
Virtual Machine
Multiversum Team
Server Manager
(AMQP for the pilot, MQTT and others to be defined) and distributed in parallel to worker
nodes;
Worker nodes verify their interest in processing the request (they could be missing nec-
essary data, be already busy and other conditions to be evaluated) and proceed to create
the new wallet state, recovering correlated hashes of previous linked transactions and
adding them to transaction record. Proof of Integrity result is now added;
Transaction Hash is calculated;
Send Topic
“Work-Load” to MQ Listen State Update Topic
Add transaction to
Listen Listen Singleton for
transaction transaction waiting results
results results Refresh Data of wallets
Listen queue
This can be moved
to Work Loader
Sum results
End
YES
There is Publish new
Consensum State Update
Topic
Release block on
sender hash
Communicate
failure
Worker nodes register the transaction in memory and send a vote to coordinator nodes
through a Message Queue, collecting the results;
If votes and hashes are coherent, the coordination nodes will persist the transaction and
any new states of wallets, burning any hashes from previous states and broadcasting vote
validity with an additional Topic Message Queue system. Worker nodes will now also per-
sist the transaction and wallet state changes;
End of best case full route scenario.
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REST
activemq.topic.work-load
activemq.queque.consensum-result
activemq.topic.finalizedTransaction
Smart Contracts
Multiversum believes in the importance of proposing improved Smart Contracts20 to the
public, but at the time of writing, unless there is an adjustment in research scopes, has not
decided to explore this possibility. Therefore, we are looking to include in Multiversum
technology the Open Source solution that fits our needs at best, to be implemented as
reference according with its licensing model.
Infrastructure
Multiversum infrastructure is designed to ensure resilience and reachability21. This objec-
tive has been achieved developing node clusters that are able to self elect their members
to specific roles, according to each node technical specs, among which:
• Computation capacity
• Memory capacity
• Reciprocal Latency
• Chain data completeness
• Machine reliability
• Doubts on Proof of Integrity
• Client nodes
• Coordination nodes
• Messaging nodes
• Work nodes
• Persistence nodes
• Backup nodes
Every node that can provide a valid certificate will be able to register to the cluster and
obtain a role.
In case of crash of one or more nodes, the cluster will be able to autonomously redistrib-
ute tasks, optimizing roles.
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RESULT
QUEUE
WORK
1
IV MQ
REST MQTP
WORK WORK
API SERVER COORDINAMENTO QUEUE 2
I II
+ ID
+ Check
+ Timestamp
WORK
N
Sender ID
VOTE
Reveiver ID
QUEUE
Amount
Signature
MQTP
III
Components of shared cache intra JVM22 will be there as memory database, allowing:
Read Through, i.e. data-read queries directly executed in volatile memory before looking
into physical memory.
Write Through, loading data in volatile memory before executing a mass insertion to
persist data, in order to optimize performance.
Write Through
K1 V1 Node 1
Keys
K1 K2 K2
K2 V2 Node 2
Values
V1 V2 V2
K3 V3 Node 3
Red Through
In-Memory
Data Grid
Notes on security
During development, “Hacker’s bounties” will be offered to developers exposing vulner-
abilities and able to suggest a valid fix.
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2018
September 2018
DBRS on chain abstraction,
drivers, libraries. December 2018
control and update system
2019
March 2019
Proof of Integrity (or other
Anti-50%+1 Hijack System)
along with biometric data app
on Android, web, iOS
June 2019
External “Ethereum-like” apps
system, multicoin and ex-
change support
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References
1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalability#Horizontal_and_vertical_scaling
2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof-of-work_system
3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof-of-stake
4 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agile_software_development
5 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scope_(project_management)
6 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shard_(database_architecture)
7 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-availability_cluster
8 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_point_of_failure
9 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microservices
10 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serverless_computing
11 http://goo.gl/CVBzJd Biometric Digital Signature Key Generation and Cryptography Com-
munication Based on Fingerprint”
12 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ERC20
13 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_fault_tolerance
14 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security-Enhanced_Linux
15 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring_Framework
16 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACID
17 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Models_of_communication#Transactional_Model
18 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SQL
19 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Message_queue#Standards_and_protocols
20 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_contract
21 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reachability
22 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_virtual_machine
Crowdsale details
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Target: 65.000.000$
141.000.000 MTV coins
Starting price: 1$
At first, an already exchangeable eMTV ERC-20 token will be distributed. Right after offi-
cial opening of the Main Net, it will be converted into MTV coin.
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Pre-ICO
Starts on 01 | 03 | 2018 until 31 | 03 | 2018
ICO
Starts on 16 | 04 | 2018 until 10 | 06 | 2018
Multiversum, in case of issues in ICO access which it can’t be held responsible for, or other
force majeure delays, reserves the right to extend the ICO phase by 15 days in order to
guarantee contributors’ participation.
Airdrop of the unsold tokens twice a week, to all the wallets that still hold 100% of the
MTV tokens purchased at any ICO stage.
The airdrop will start 2 weeks after the end of ICO and will last 18 months.
Token Distribution
Contributors
Founders and team
Collaborators
Advisors, Partnerships
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Destination of contributions
47% Multiversum Development
25% Operations
12% Marketing
5% Security
5% Legal
5% Reserve
1% Charity
Reserve
Legal Charity
Security
Multiversum Development
Marketing
Operations
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Marketing Strategy
Operating in the ever-changing IT market, will update our strategy, communication tech-
niques and company mission accordingly, focusing on creating value for stakeholders
and ensuring the appropriate balance between short and long-term management logic.
• Company mission
• Business objectives
• Business strategies
• Business activity portfolio
Android
AirDrops
iPhone
Feedback clienti
SEM
Stream Multiversum
Social media
One of the main tools will be Social Media Marketing: campaigns conducted on social
networks to increase brand awareness, identify potential consumers, generate contacts
and build meaningful relationships with customers.
Our Social Media Strategists will carry out several actions that are part of a single strategic
plan, starting with the management and monitoring of channels using dedicated tools
and community development, focusing on contents and interaction and tactics efficiency
assessment based on obtained results.
35
Legal statement
General information
The Multiversum token does not have the legal qualification of a security, since it does not give any rights to
dividends or interests. The sale of Multiversum tokens is final and non-refundable. Multiversum tokens are
not shares and do not give any right to participate to the general meeting of Multiversum Crypto Systems
Limited Liability Company. Multiversum tokens cannot have a performance or a particular value outside
the Multiversum Platform. Multiversum tokens shall therefore not be used or purchased for speculative or
investment purposes. The purchaser of Multiversum tokens is aware that national securities laws, which en-
sure that investors are sold investments that include all the proper disclosures and are subject to regulatory
scrutiny for the investors’ protection, are not applicable. Anyone purchasing Multiversum tokens expressly
acknowledges and represents that she/he has carefully reviewed this white paper and fully understands the
risks, costs and benefits associated with the purchase of Multiversum.
Knowledge required
To ensure the highest level of awareness, Multiversum requires any interested person to thoroughfully
read “A Securities Law Framework for Blockchain Tokens”, freely drawn up by Coinbase, Coin Center, Union
Square Ventures, and Consensys retrievable at: https://www.coinbase.com/legal/securities-law-framework.
pdf. This report is considered as part of the explicit warnings that Multiversum LLC gives to any interested
person. Multiversum LLC strongly recommends to consult independent financial and legal advisors before
taking part to the ICO.
The purchaser of Multiversum tokens undertakes that she/he understands and has significant experience
with cryptocurrencies, blockchain systems and services, and that she/he fully understands the risks associ-
ated with the crowdsale as well as the mechanism related to the use of cryptocurrencies (including storage
and wallet transfer). Multiversum shall not be held responsible for any loss of Multiversum tokens or situ-
ations making it impossible to access Multiversum tokens, which may result from any actions or omissions
of the user or any person undertaking to acquire Multiversum tokens, which include but are not limited to
password losses, hardware failure, global network failure and hacker attacks.
Risks
Prior to acquiring Multiversum tokens, any user should carefully consider the risks, costs and benefits of ac-
quiring Multiversum tokens in the context of the crowdsale. Any interested person who is not in the position
to accept or to understand the risks associated with the activity (incl. the risks related to the non-develop-
ment common to every crowdfund project) or any other risks as indicated in the Terms & Conditions of the
crowdsale should not acquire Multiversum tokens.
Important disclaimer
This white paper shall not and cannot be considered as an invitation to enter into an investment. It does not
constitute or relate in any way nor should it be considered as an offering of securities in any jurisdiction.
This white paper does not include or contain any information or indication that might be considered as a
recommendation or that might be used as a basis for any investment decision. Multiversum tokens are just
utility tokens which can be used only on the Multiversum platform and are not intended to be used as an
investment. The offering of Multiversum tokens on a trading platform is done in order to allow the use of
the Multiversum platform and not for speculative purposes. The offering of Multiversum tokens on a trading
platform does not change the legal qualification of the tokens, which remain a simple means for the use
of the Multiversum platform and are not a security. Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC is not to be consid-
ered as an advisor in any legal, tax or financial matters. Any information in the white paper is provided for
36
general information purposes only and Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC does not provide any warranty as
to the accuracy and completeness of this information. Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC is not a financial
intermediary according to international law and is not required to obtain any authorization for Anti Money
Laundering purposes. Acquiring Multiversum tokens shall not grant any right or influence over Multiversum
Crypto Systems LLC’s organization and governance to the Purchasers. Regulatory authorities are carefully
scrutinizing businesses and operations associated to cryptocurrencies in the world. In that respect, reg-
ulatory measures, investigations or actions may impact Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC’s business and
even limit or prevent it from developing its operations in the future. Any person undertaking to acquire
Multiversum tokens must be aware of the Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC business model, the white pa-
per or terms and conditions may change or need to be modified because of new regulatory and compli-
ance requirements from any applicable laws in any jurisdictions. In such a case, purchasers and anyone
undertaking to acquire Multiversum tokens acknowledge and understand that neither Multiversum Crypto
Systems LLC nor any of its affiliates shall be held liable for any direct or indirect loss or damage caused by
such changes. Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC will do its utmost to launch its operations and develop the
Multiversum platform. Anyone undertaking to acquire Multiversum tokens acknowledges and understands
that Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC does not provide any guarantee that it will manage to achieve it. They
acknowledge and understand therefore that Multiversum Crypto Systems LLC (including its bodies and
employees) assumes no liability or responsibility for any loss or damage that would result from or relate to
the incapacity to use Multiversum tokens.
functional understanding of, the usage and intricacies of dealing with cryptographic tokens and curren-
cies and blockchain-based systems and services;
• Purchase Multiversum tokens because they wish to have access to the Multiversum platform;
• Are not purchasing Multiversum tokens for the purpose of speculative investment or usage