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jconkle@wisen-tech.com
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Agenda
• Introduction
• Current state-of-the-art:
– Wired sensor technology
– Wireless technology
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Motivation: Need for Sensors in
the Hot Section of Turbine Engines
Problem:
• Degradation and damage that develops over
time in hot section components can lead to
catastrophic failure.
• Poor characterization of degradation process
Quantas Airbus 380 Engine Failure
in harsh environments can affect the
development of durable components.
Demonstrated Need:
• Difficult to model turbine blade temperature,
strain, and heat flux due to severe temperature
gradients across surface of the blade.
• Thus, there is a great need for sensors for
direct measurement on the surfaces of the
blade.
• Sensors must be able to survive with very low
drift rates for extended periods of time.
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Wireless Sensor Technology
• Prototype technologies
– Temperature sensors
– Pressure transducers
– Strain sensors
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Current State-of-the-Art
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Temperature Sensor Properties
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Components of Wireless Temperature Sensor
1.Antenna
a. Enables the interrogating signal to be received
b. Sets the frequency of operation of the sensor
c. Enables the return signal to be transmitted back the the Tx/Rx/Signal
Processing
2.Diode
a. Causes the generation of RF harmonics of the interrogating signal
(as filtered by the antenna) which allow the return signal to be easily separated
from the interrogating signal by the Tx/Rx/Signal Processing
3.Alumina or TBC Dielectric – possesses temperature-dependent electrical properties
(DK, dielectric constant) which alters the antenna center frequency as the
temperature changes
Wireless Sensor Technologies, LLC Proprietary and Confidential 9 9
Alumina DK Temperature Dependence
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Dielectric Constant
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10
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0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
Temperature (deg C)
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System Interrogation Concept
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Alternate Interrogation Concept
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How does the wireless sensor work?
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High Temperature Diode I-V Characteristics
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Harmonic Generation Performance at 700C
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Wireless Heat Flux Sensor Requirement
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TBC Wireless Temperature Sensor
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Wireless Heat Flux Sensor – Side View
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Wireless Heat Flux Sensor – Top View
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Prototype Sensor Performance
-25
-50
-75
-100
-125
-150
-175
-200
-225
-250
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200
Temperature (deg C)
Direct network analyzer measurement
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Initial Fab of Thin Film Wireless Temperature
Sensors
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Thin Film Sensor Detail
antenna
Schottky
diode
Ground connection to
Inconel substrate
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Initial Discrete Sensor Fab
Diode
Antenna
Type K
Thermocouple
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Applications for Wireless Temperature
Sensors
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This Work has been Supported By:
Thank You! 28