Monitoring Borehole Stability

&
Wellbore Cleaning with GeoCVM
GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

BOREHOLE STABILITY PROBLEM ?

BOREHOLE CLEANING PROBLEM ?

HOW TO MEASURE
IT ACCURATELY ?

WHAT TO DO TO CURE IT ?

ARE THE CORRECTIVE ACTIONS

WORKING ?

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

COSTLY DRILLING PROBLEMS

1- BOREHOLE STABILITY - CAVINGS
 How much caving ?

 How to measure the efficiency of the attempts to stop caving?

 How much extra cement is required if no caliper log available ?

2- BOREHOLE CLEANING
 How to ensure that all the cuttings have been circulated out ?

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

BOREHOLE
STABILITY
PROBLEMS
CUTTING VOLUME

CAVINGS

CUTTING WEIGHT SENSOR TO

IMPROVE DRILLING
CUTTINGS EFFICIENCY

BOREHOLE By : Fabrizio Zausa, Fabio

CLEANING Vallorani,Antonio Concas, Giorgio
PROBLEMS Cavallaro, Giorgio Maletti and
Marco Cesaro from ENI and Carlo
Bezzola from GEOLOG
IADC World Drilling 2004
GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

 EASY TO INSTALL

 COMPACT DESIGN – 40 cm

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

 DIRECT WEIGHT MEASUREMENT

4 load cells  guarantees linearity over full range

 DECISION TO EMPTY THE TRAY

 Time related
 Or weight related
 Thresholds set and controlled from Unit

 AUTOMATIC WASHING OF THE TRAY

 MEASUREMENT STOPPED DURING TRAY

EMPTYING to improve measurement quality

 FOR ONSHORE and OFFSHORE (Auger)

MEETS SAFETY STANDARD FOR

HAZARDEOUS AREAS
IADC World Drilling 2004
GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

INPUT DATA
 RAW CUTTING WEIGHT measured by the sensors
 CUTTING BULK DENSITY
 MUD COATING COEFFICIENT to indicate the
proportion of cuttings in the cutting-mud mixture
 RETRIEVAL COEFFICIENT to indicate the proportion
of cutting which is not lost through the shaker sieves

COMPUTED DATA
 CUTTINGS FLOWRATES - in liters or gallons / minute - theoritical & measured
 CUTTINGS VOLUMES in m3 or barrels – theoritical & measured
 CUMULATIVE CUTTINGS VOLUMES in m3 or barrels - per day & per phase

 RETRIEVED CUTTINGS VOLUMES per interval drilled (5m)

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

PROCESS TO COMPUTE CUTTINGS VOLUME

IADC World Drilling 2004

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

CUMULATIVE VOLUME
OF THE CURRENT PHASE

DAILY CUMULATIVE VOLUME

RETRIEVED VOLUME
PER DRILLED INTERVAL (5m)

DAILY VOLUME PER

DRILLED INTERVAL (5m)

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

VALIDATION OF THE PROCESS

EXAMPLE -1
OBJECTIVE to drill 820 m (2,700’) of 17 1/2” hole
& to run 16” Casing

 COMPUTED 17 ½” HOLE VOLUME

M3 124,50

 MEASURED VOLUME by CUTTING

VOLUME MONITORING : M3 193,30

 MEASURED VOLUME by ELECTRICAL

LOGGING 6 ARMS CALIPER :M3 203,85

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

VALIDATION OF THE PROCESS

EXAMPLE - 2
OBJECTIVE to drill 1,685m (6,210’) m of 12 1/4”
hole & to run 9 5/8” + 10 ¾” Casing

 COMPUTED 12 1/4” HOLE VOLUME

M3 125,50
 MEASURED VOLUME by CUTTING
VOLUME MONITORING : M3 148,80

MEASURED VOLUME by ELECTRICAL

LOGGING 6 ARMS CALIPER :M3 154,50

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

VALIDATION OF THE PROCESS

OBJECTIVE to drill 750 m (2,500’) of 22” hole & to run Casing 18 5/8"

TOTAL VOLUME IN EXCESS AFTER

10 DAYS OF DRILLING 36.6 M 3
VOLUME IN EXCESS AFTER 10 DAYS
OF DRILLING + 12 DAYS OF HOLE
CONDITIONING : 78.2 M 3

CEMENTING of 18 5/8” Csg at 1,178m

 THEORETICAL SLURRY : 50 M 3
 REAL SLURRY REQUIRED :
50 M 3 + 78,2 M 3

IADC World Drilling 2004

GeoCVM - Cutting Volume Monitoring

CONCLUSIONS from client

 A REAL TIME ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF CUTTINGS FLOW IS ESSENTIAL TO CORRECTLY EVALUATE
THE BOREHOLE BEHAVIOUR WHILE DRILLING, IN COMBINATION WITH GEOMECHANICAL BOREHOLE STABILITY
ANALYSIS AND ALL OTHER DRILLING INFORMATIONS.
 THIS ALLOWS TO TAKE THE MOST APPROPRIATE OPERATIONAL DECISIONS IN ORDER TO MINIMIZE
DRILLING PROBLEMS

 APPLICATIONS
 Prevent getting stuck
 Modify mud program
 Optimize drilling parameters
 Drilling practice (Reaming/Back reaming)
 Improve cementation

IADC World Drilling 2004

 GeoCVM Track Record
Libya - Onshore Italy - Onshore Angola - Offhore deep water Ghana - Offshore

Romania - Onshore Bolivia - Onshore Angola - Offshore deep water Italy - Onshore
GeoCVM Solution

Continuous Cutting Volume Monitoring

WHILE DRILLING

Cutting Volume Machines

Corrective Actions

CoMan
GeoCVM - Stuck pipe prevention

When drilling directional wells,

sliding mode is often associated
with poor well cleaning.
Rotary
Using CVM, accurate volume
monitoring confirms that almost
40% of the cuttings stayed in the
hole.
Rotary drilling was necessary and sufficient
to re-establish correct solids returns

Sliding Savings to client using the assumption of

•12 hrs of NPT working on stuck pipe
• consolidated dayrate of 300,000 $/day

TOTAL SAVINGS (12 hrs) = 150,000 $

Onshore Libya – Development Project

Case History 604
 GeoCVM – Hole cleaning & drilling practice
Benefit to Client ENSURE HOLE CLEANING
Savings to client
•3 hrs (n.2 B/U circualation)
• Drilling Ship Day Rate of 1,200,000 $/day
TOTAL SAVINGS= (1,200,000 /24 *3) = 150,000 $
From 3,720 m the hole cleaning decreases
because of:
RPM decrease (f/120 t/80)
Flow Rate decrease (f/2,000 t/1,700 lt/ min)
The increase of back reaming practice @
connection from 1 to 2 times, improve the
hole cleaning
The circualation of the B/U together with
the pump of HiVis-LowVis Pill#1 ensures a
proper hole cleaning
The drilling plan is to circulate 6 times B/U
The B/U circulation were carried out only 4
times until complete hole cleaning
SAVING N.2 B/U CIRCULATION TIME (3 hrs)
Angola Offshore Deep Water (Phase 8 ½”)
Case History 606
GeoCVM – Borehole Instability

Reaming F/4342 to 4372 m.

GeoCVM measures volume high than

expected

Cavings has been confirmed and

reported

On shore Bolivia
 GeoCVM – Hole cleaning & drilling practice

Example of gradual and complete cutting recovery during circulation

Onshore Bolivia
19
 What is GeoCVM for? Hole Stability

CUMULATIVE HOLE VOLUME FROM

START OF PHASE
THEORETICAL CUMULATIVE
CAVINGS
HOLE VOLUME

CUMULATIVE HOLE VOLUME FROM

START OF BIT RUN Severe Stability
Problem
GeoCVM solution
enabled the client
CHANGE OF MUD to react timely and
to complete the
well.

DEFICIT OF CUTTINGS
FROM THEORETICAL TOTAL SAVINGS
30 days compared wells of the
same field drilled without
GeoCVM

Onshore Italy

Case History 602

GeoCVM
Conclusions

GeoCVM is the ONLY solution to monitor CONTINOUSLY, in REAL TIME the bore
hole cleaning, and to measure the borehole volume allowing immediate remedial
actions by the clients

Caliper Log and cement volume validate the GeoCVM Solution (hole volume
at the end of the section, within ± 5%)

GeoCVM allows the client to mitigate risks, monitor borehole stability and
optimize drilling performances

GeoCVM has been a reliable surface solution for more than 12 years

It does not have any of the risks associated with downhole tools, it is a
surface solution and can be run always

GeoCVM has proven to be a cost effective surface solution

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