SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) volume 2 Issue 3 March 2015
Electromagnetic Wave Theory Based Wireless Charger
3 3
Dinesh Kumar1, Asit Xaxa1 , Dushyant Kumar Sahu
1,2,3
(Electronics and Telecommunication ,Kirodimal Institute of Technology ,India)
ABSTRACT: As the world of development is going
faster and faster by days, and the technology
researchers think a lot of using wireless technologies in
everything in life because of its benefits in everything.
The vision is to take advantage from these technologies
and use it in designing one of the important and useful
things, which is needed by all people daily. The idea of
thinking about designing a wireless charger will be so
useful and gives device the ability to be more portable.
In this research, we design a wireless charger that
convert the Radio waves at any frequency into a DC
signal, and store it to be used by the battery of the
device to recharge itself when it is needed, our design
contains: rectifier, storage device, and control switch. If
any device has this wireless charger and it needs some
power, then there is no need to use the wired charger to
have the power, the wireless charger will supply its
battery by taking the Radio waves and convert it to DC
until the battery becomes full charging. Because of our
research, the design can be extended so that any device
needs to be recharged can use the wireless charger to
recharge itself like calculators, robots or any device.
Keywords- Half Wave Rectifier, Low Power RF, LC
Circuit,MTC
1. Introduction
With technology development in all world,
this causes more use from electrical power so, we
designed wireless charger to harvest Radio waves
that it spreading in air.Portable devices become more
used these days, but while using them and switching
them on all the time, this will cause the problem of
having a power supply to charge them, which is
sometimes not available as the person travels from a
place to another and he cannot find the charger itself.
This causes a big problem of having the mobile
switched on all the time, also using the wires is
somehow not efficient as the wires may be affected
by the natural factors like temperature. To come up
with a solution to these problems, it will be a good
idea to think about taking advantages from the
wireless technology and make a wireless charger to
charge the mobiles for example anywhere, anytime
ISSN: 2348 – 8549 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
and by anyone. The idea behind that is to design a
circuit, which takes radio wave by yagi antenna and
converts it to DC format by our rectifier and store it
implemented through an amplitude modulation of the
power drawn from the transmitter. In the power
transmitter section, an AC-DC stage converts the AC
voltage provided by the electrical grid into a DC bus
level. A DC-AC converter, supplied by the DC bus
level, generates the AC power signal. In the power in
AAA battery to charge the mobile for example when
it needs to be recharged.
2. Wireless Battery Charger
“Fig. 1” shows the schematic block diagram
of a wireless battery charger. On the left, the power
transmitter which is connected to the electrical grid,
on the right the power receiver which is integrated
into the load device is shown. In both the power
transmitter and the power receiver, the key element
for signal transfer is represented by a resonant tank,
comprising both coupled inductors: on the transmitter
side is there the primary coil; on the receiver side,
there is the secondary coil. A comparative study of
different resonant topologies is proposed in. As
suggested by “Fig.1” is the signal flow does not only
consist of the power signal from the power
transmitter to the power receiver, but also of
communication data streaming in the opposite
direction. Since the power transmitter needs to be
continuously informed about battery power needs and
state of charge, a communication link is required. The
communication channel is receiver section, a rectifier
converts the AC power signal out of the resonant tank
into a DC voltage level, suitable for battery
charging[1]. The DC bus rail out of the rectifier has
been chosen equal to a 7V value. The amount of
transmitted power is controlled by varying the
frequency and duty-cycle of the half bridge stage. A
Frequency range of 110k- 205kHz and a duty-cycle
range of 10% 50% are fixed by the PC standard.
Since for low Power levels the total power
dissipation is mainly affected by switching losses, the
half-bridge configuration is more Suitable than a full-
bridge one. Conduction losses could be reasonably
neglected for the specific application.
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SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) volume 2 Issue 3 March 2015
The modulation network consists of two parts: one is
connected to the AC-side of the rectifier; the other is
Connected to the DC-side. The load device is
modeled through a current generator.
Fig.1 architecture of battery charger
3. WIRELESS CHARGER NETWORKING
We introduce the concept of wireless
charger networking where the chargers not only can
communicate with the charging devices, but also can
exchange and transfer information with a server. We
first present the architecture and features of the
wireless charger network. Then, we focus on the
user-charger assignment problem, and demonstrate
that the wireless charger network can help reduce
energy replenishment cost for the users.
3.1 Wireless Charger Network
We present a novel idea of a wireless
charger network. The network allows multiple
chargers to communicate and exchange information
with a server “Fig.2”. Such information include
availability location, charging status, and cost of
different chargers. Collecting this information, the
server can optimize the use of chargers for certain
purposes. One of them is the user-charger
assignment, which allows the matching between
users, who needed to replenish energy for their
ISSN: 2348 – 8549 www.internationaljournalssrg.org
mobile devices, and available chargers. With the
location, availability, and status of each charger, the
server can inform the users the best chargers,1 e.g.,
the nearest available ones. This information of the
chargers has to be updated continuously so that the
assignment can be performed in an online fashion
with up-to-date information. Therefore, the wireless
charger network can serve this purpose.
3.2 Architecture
Fig.2. architecture for the wireless
charger network
3.2.1 Reporting status
The server can collect information about the chargers
in the networks (e.g., location, available charging
capacity, energy level and identity of the charging
devices). The users who want to use chargers can
contact the server to retrieve some of this information
(e.g., to choose the best charger). The owner of the
wireless charger network can collect usage statistic,
e.g., for accounting purpose.
3.2.2 User-charger assignment
The server can collect information about users
required charging services and match them with
appropriate chargers to achieve a certain objective.
We will demonstrate one simple designs later.
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SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) volume 2 Issue 3 March 2015

3.2.3 Add-on services
The charger can provide add-on or value added
services, e.g., information downloading and content
distribution from a server. The services can benefit
from short-range transmission between a charger and
a charging device. Note that there are some mobile
applications that allow users to locate charging
facility,e.g.,ChargeBox. However, they do not
provide real-time information about chargers. The
concept of wireless charger networking can be
adopted to enhance the functionality of such
applications.
scheme (i.e., 22.7 versus 27.9, respectively), and they
achieve a much lower cost than that of the nearest
scheme, whose average overall cost is 30.3. This
results clearly show the benefit of the wireless
charger networking in the user-charger assignment
problem. Then, we vary the number of new users
(i.e., considered as a load) at different locations,
while keeping the total number of new users in all the
areas constant.

3.3 User-Charger Assignment

We demonstrate the advantage of the

wireless charger networking through the user-charger
assignment problem. In the problem, there are
wireless chargers deployed at different locations.
With the wireless charger networking, the status and
other information of the chargers can be available to
the new users (i.e., the users required to charge their
devices). The new users use the information to
determine the best charger with the minimum cost.
Here we consider the following costs.

3.3.1 User effort

This is the measure of a user to move from its current
location to a target charger.
3.3.2 Price
It is the money paid for charging at the target
charger.
3.3.3 Delay
This is the time taken for a user to wait until the
device is fully charged.
“Fig.3” shows the delay and price costs of users
charging at different chargers. As the charging price
at different location is different, new users choose or
are assigned to different chargers accordingly. For the
individual selection and optimal assignment schemes,
the new users from the areas with higher charging
prices (e.g., area 16) will evade to the chargers with
lower charging prices (e.g., area 1). Therefore, the
number of users using the chargers with low price is
higher, causing larger delay. Balancing between
Charging price and delay, the optimal assignment
scheme achieves an average overall cost lower than
that of the individual selection
Fig.3 Delay and price costs of users at
different areas.
4. Conclusion
Wireless charging technology will become
prevalent especially for consumer electronics,
mobile, and portable devices. In this article, we have
presented an overview and fundamentals of wireless
charging techniques. Two major standards, i.e.Qi and
A4WP, have been reviewed, with the focus on their
data communication protocols. We have discussed
about open issues in the protocols. We have then
proposed the concept of wireless charger networking
to support inter-charger data communication. We
have demonstrated its usage for user-charger
assignment, which can minimize the cost of users in
identifying the best charger to replenish energy of
their devices.
References
[1] L. R. Varshney, “Transporting information and energy
simultaneously,” in Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium
on Information Theory, pp. 1612-1616, July 2008.

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SSRG International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering (SSRG-IJECE) volume 2 Issue 3 March 2015

[2] X. Lu, P. Wang, D. Niyato, D. I. Kim, and H, Zhu, ”RF Energy

Harvesting Networks: A Contemporary Survey.” to appear in IEEE
Communication Surveys & Tutorial.

[3] S. Y. R. Hui and W. C. Ho, “A new generation of universal

contactless battery charging platform for portable consumer
electronic equipment,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 20, no.
3, pp. 620-627, May 2005.

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