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Chapter 1
Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

History of Leadership in Energy and Environmental


Design • Benefits of the LEED® Green Associate™
Credential • Demand for Green Associates • LEED
Applications

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Objectives
• Explain the history of LEED and the Green Associate
credential.
• Identify the sources of demand for Green Associates.
• Describe LEED applications in various fields.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

The names and photos of credentialed individuals are


published in the online U.S. Green Building Council
(USGBC) directory, which employers can use for
verification purposes.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Many sustainable practices


are being implemented in
agriculture. For example,
many agricultural
operations use alternative
energy sources such as
biogas for power.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Another sustainable
practice is vertical farming.
A vertical farm, also known
as a farmscraper (farm
skyscraper), grows crops
vertically instead of
horizontally on the ground.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Aeroponic gardens use a water mist to provide the plants’


roots with nutrients.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Hotels have begun to see the importance and advantages


of utilizing sustainable practices in the operation of their
hotels.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Energy consultants analyze energy-usage data to create


actionable solutions for energy efficiency.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Building controls and automation are critical components of


high-performance green buildings.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Human resources
management can involve
managing an organization
to benefit its triple bottom
line by integrating
sustainable employee,
community, and
environmental programs
with financial goals.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Interior designers are expected to know what reflects the


latest trends in sustainable and fashionable interior design.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Clientele who want sustainable landscaping will seek out


landscaping firms that can help reduce or eliminate potable
water use in irrigation through the planting of native and
adapted species of vegetation and the use of other water-
conserving techniques (such as xeriscaping).

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Examples of sustainable solutions in manufacturing include


closed-loop systems for process water, renewable energy
resources, high-performance equipment, building
automation, and recycling.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Marketing and public relations literature that describes


green efforts in design, operations, and manufacturing must
accurately and effectively communicate the environmental
and social benefits of those sustainable practices.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

Real estate brokers promote the features of a property that


are the most appealing to any given market. Sustainable
attributes such as LEED certification, sustainable
communities, green schools, zero net energy, photovoltaic
panels, and reclaimed wood floors are desirable features.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

LEED Green Associates are up to date with current trends


to reduce vehicle emissions through strategies such as
locating sites in high-density areas, developing electric and
alternative fuel vehicles, and promoting the use of
alternative means of transportation such as public
transportation, carpooling, and car-sharing programs.

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Chapter 1 — Becoming a LEED® Green Associate™

The elements of a sustainable city or community include


community gardens, walking and bicycle paths, composting
sites, permeable hardscapes, zero-energy buildings, green
roofs, public transportation, water reclamation for irrigation,
xeriscaping, and mixed-used buildings.

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Chapter 2
The Test Process

LEED® Green Associate™ Exam • Exam Preparation •


Taking the Exam

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

Objectives
• Understand how the LEED Green Associate exam is
scored.
• Describe the registration process, exam format,
policies, and credential requirements.
• Identify reference materials that can be used to
prepare for the exam.
• Apply tips for studying and taking the exam.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

The multiple-choice exam


questions are based on
three different types of
questions. These question
types are recall items,
application items, and
analysis items.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

Every two years, the Green Associate must report 15 hours


of continuing education.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

It is recommended that
candidates check the
handbook a few days
before taking the exam to
ensure that no recent
changes have been made
to the exam.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

The primary references are also reference guides for


various stages of LEED, such as costs, registration,
certification, and rating system selection.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

Memorizing the LEED BD+C: New Construction checklist


for the LEED Green Associate Exam can be one important
factor for exam day success.

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Chapter 2 — The Test Process

An individual with no familiarity with LEED and little


background in building and design should expect to spend
three months studying for the exam if that individual works
or is a full-time student.

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Chapter 3
LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Global Climate Change • Impact Categories • Life-Cycle


Approach • Triple Bottom Line • Cost of Green Building •
Regenerative Building • Integrative Process • Iterative
Process • Systems Thinking

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Objectives
• Identify the purpose of impact categories.
• Describe the life-cycle approach to selecting
systems, products, and services.
• Explain how the concept of the triple bottom line
affects decisions.
• Explain why green building does not cost more than
conventional building.
• Define the concept of regenerative building as going
beyond traditional ideas of green building.
…Continued on next slide
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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Objectives (continued)
• Differentiate between the integrative design process
and the conventional design process.
• Identify the members of an integrative project team.
• Identify the environmental impacts of the built
environment.
• Explain the system types and feedback loops that
relate to the environment.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Harmful refrigerants such


as chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs) and
hydrochlorofluorocarbons
(HCFCs) deplete
stratospheric ozone, a
layer of gas that protects
human health and the
environment by absorbing
harmful ultraviolet (UV)
radiation.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Life-cycle costing (LCC) is an analytic tool used to


determine the most cost-effective option among competing
alternatives based on the costs of the options throughout
their life cycle.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

The premise of the triple-


bottom-line approach to
business is to take a
stakeholder approach
versus a shareholder
approach so that the
bottom line for all parties
can be increased.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Net-zero waste projects


repurpose, recycle, or turn
all waste into energy,
diverting 100% of their
waste from the landfill.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Based on bids, a general contractor is selected, followed by


subcontractors, such as electricians, plumbers, finish
carpenters, engineers, and landscapers.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Integrative project team members may include the project


owner, project user, architects, contractors, designers,
building operators and property managers, and any other
parties who will work on, in, or around the building.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

The integrative process


credit was introduced in the
LEED v4 rating systems to
support interrelated, high-
performance, and cost-
effective project outcomes.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

The iterative process involves conducting research, sharing


data, receiving feedback, and refining a design repeatedly
until all sustainable goals of the project are met.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Open systems are linear and are not considered


sustainable in the traditional sense.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Just like the closed


systems in nature, the goal
for sustainable systems in
green buildings is to
continually reuse and
recycle materials and
resources.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

Within the built


environment, climate
change, dark surfaces, and
cooling systems create
positive feedback loops.

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Chapter 3 — LEED v4 Core Concepts and Themes

A leverage point is a point in a system in which a small


change can yield large results.

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Chapter 4
Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

U.S. Green Building Council • LEED Rating Systems •


Checklists • Minimum Program Requirements • Impact
Categories • Pilot Credit Library • Certification Levels •
Certification Process • Cost of LEED • LEED Programs •
LEED Professional Credentials • Trademark and
Terminology Policies • LEED and Building Codes •
Alternate Rating Systems
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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Objectives
• Describe the LEED development process.
• Describe the products, services, and activities of the
U.S. Green Building Council.
• List the LEED rating systems and describe their
scope and structure.
• List and describe the credit categories.
• Describe the certification levels for projects.
• Explain the certification process for projects.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Objectives (continued)
• Describe the Volume, Campus, and Recertification
Programs.
• List the minimum program requirements (MPRs) for a
LEED project.
• Describe the function of LEED Online.
• Identify the professional credentials available through
the U.S. Green Building Council.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Objectives (continued)
• Identify the relationship between LEED and building
codes.
• Recognize other rating systems.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has four


membership levels: organizational through platinum.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

USGBC logos may be used


in relation to products,
services, and initiatives of
the USGBC; however,
USGBC should be
contacted with questions
regarding logo usage.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

USGBC hosts many local and national initiatives such as


Greenbuild®, Project Haiti, and Green Apple Day of Service.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

There are five reference guides corresponding to a set of


rating systems, each with a LEED specialty credential.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

There are 21 different


rating system adaptations
within five categories.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The LEED for Building Design and Construction (LEED


BD+C) rating system adaptations address the design and
construction activities related to new buildings and major
renovations of existing buildings, including major HVAC
improvements, significant envelope modifications, and
interior rehabilitation.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

LEED BD+C: Schools is for the design and construction of


k−12 schools.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The associated reference


guide for the LEED for
Interior Design and
Construction (LEED ID+C)
rating system applies to
general commercial, retail,
and hospitality interiors.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Recycling is an operations and maintenance activity that


can be implemented in existing buildings to potentially
obtain LEED O+M: Existing Buildings credits.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

LEED BD+C: Homes and Multifamily Lowrise applies to


single-family homes and multifamily residential buildings of
one to three stories.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The LEED for


Neighborhood
Development (LEED ND)
rating system adaptations
apply to new land
development projects or
redevelopment projects for
residential uses,
nonresidential uses, or a
combination of residential
and nonresidential uses.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Checklists contain the


name of the rating system,
credit categories,
prerequisites, credits,
available points, and point
thresholds.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

There are three focuses of the new Location and


Transportation (LT) category, which was created from
credits in the Sustainable Sites category.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The focus of the credits in the Sustainable Sites (SS)


category is on reducing environmental impacts through site
assessment, site design, and site management.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The intent of the credits in the Water Efficiency (WE)


category is to reduce the use of potable (drinking) water for
purposes other than drinking and to reduce overall water
usage.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category can


be earned for optimizing the energy performance of a
building and using renewable energy resources.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The focus of the credits in the Materials and Resources


(MR) category is on reducing resource depletion by
diverting waste from landfills and using sustainable building
materials.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ) category addresses


air quality, temperature, lighting quality, and acoustic
design.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The purpose of the credits in the Innovation (IN) category is


to recognize innovative building features as well as
sustainable practices and strategies that are not covered
under the other LEED credit categories.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The Regional Priority (RP) category directs the focus of a


project team to the most important environmental issues
identified as affecting a particular locale.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

Credits within the Smart Location and Linkage category are


used to promote walkable neighborhoods with efficient
transportation options and open space.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The impact categories, formerly credit weightings, are the


environmental issues that LEED projects aim to address.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The certification levels are LEED® Certified™, Silver, Gold,


and Platinum.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The certification process


for all LEED single-building
projects, with the exception
of projects under LEED
Homes and LEED ND, is a
five-step process, which
includes rating system
selection, project
registration, credit
submittals, project review,
and project certification.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The 40/60 rule can be used to determine the appropriate


rating system for a project.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

The project team and


owner will be sent a formal
certificate of recognition,
details about ordering a
LEED plaque, and
guidelines for project
promotion and submitting
project photography.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

USGBC assesses fees for project registration, project


certification, credit interpretation requests (CIRs), and
appeals, as well as other activities unique to the various
rating system categories.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

There are three levels of


LEED credentials
individuals can choose
from based on their level of
expertise and experience:
LEED Green Associate,
LEED AP (Accredited
Professional), and LEED
Fellow.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

USGBC has developed


guidelines and policies to
ensure the correct usage of
trademarks, logos,
acronyms, and
abbreviations.

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Chapter 4 — Overview of USGBC® and LEED®

As green building codes progress over time, the ultimate


goal is to design and construct buildings that have zero
negative impact on human health and the environment.

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Chapter 5
Location and Transportation

Location and Transportation • Location Intents •


Location Strategies • Transportation Intents •
Transportation Strategies • Site Development Intents •
Site Development Strategies • Health and Livability
Intents • Health and Livability Strategies

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Objectives
• Explain the intent of the Location and Transportation
category.
• Identify strategies for sustainable site selection.
• Identify strategies for providing and encouraging the
use of alternative transportation.
• Understand the process for determining density
around a project site.
• List examples of high-priority sites.
• Explain the importance of walkability in choosing a
project location.
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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration


(EIA), transportation emissions contributed to 33% of the
total greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. in 2008.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Since the majority of automobiles in the world use gasoline


derived from petroleum, reducing vehicular travel will
reduce the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

The LT category contains


the brownfield,
transportation, and density
credits from the Sustainable
Sites category, as well as
other new credits related to
sensitive land protection
and green vehicles.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Projects using any of the adaptations of the LEED for


Building Design and Construction (LEED BD+C) rating
system can earn between 5 and 20 points for locating the
project within the boundary of a development certified
under LEED for Neighborhood Development (LEED ND).

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

The first option for the LT


Credit—Surrounding
Density and Diverse Uses
requires locating the
project in or near high-
density locations.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

The second option for LT


Credit—Surrounding
Density and Diverse Uses
requires that the building
entrance be located within
1/2-mile (800-meter)
walking distance of seven
or more diverse uses.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Increases in the use of


mass transit, the number of
occupants per vehicle, and
alternative fuel sources can
reduce the negative impact
of transportation.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

LEED-certified buildings typically have as little parking as


possible to encourage carpooling or alternative methods of
travel.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

When the project is located


in an area that has access
to a variety of
transportation modes,
greenhouse gas emissions
from car travel can be
reduced.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

The EPA’s Green Vehicle


Guide provides information
about green vehicle
technology and lists the
environmental performance
of different green vehicles
through dynamic search
and sort capabilities for
specific makes and
models.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

By installing electrical vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) in


2% of all parking spaces, organizations can make
recharging electric vehicles more accessible, encouraging
more people to buy and use these environmentally friendly
vehicles.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

While alternative fuel vehicles and their associated


refueling stations are not widely available to the public,
organizations can promote their use and reduce harmful
emissions by providing the infrastructure for refueling.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Sensitive land should be protected from development as


much as possible by seeking previously developed sites to
save natural resources and possibly money.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Sites that have been previously developed are ideal


locations for new buildings because the infrastructure, such
as roads, electrical service, and sewer systems, is already
in place.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

High-priority sites offer environmental benefits as well as


financial incentives while helping to reduce the impact of
new development.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Building sites with nearby existing infrastructure allow the


building to be connected to utilities with minimal effort or
cost.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

LT Credit—Surrounding
Density and Diverse Uses
addresses walkability with
the requirement that a
building’s main entrance be
within a 1/2-mile (800-
meter) walking distance of
the main entrance of four
to seven (1 point) or eight
or more (2 points) existing
and publicly available
diverse uses.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Increasing bicycle use will


decrease greenhouse gas
emissions caused by
vehicle use and increase
the health and welfare of
building occupants.

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Chapter 5 — Location and Transportation

Local farmers markets are effective ways to provide fresh


food to dense urban areas.

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Chapter 6
Sustainable Sites

Sustainable Sites and Environmental Impacts • Site


Design and Management • Rainwater Management •
Heat Island Effect • Light Pollution

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Objectives
• Identify site assessment strategies.
• Describe site design and management strategies.
• Describe rainwater management strategies.
• Explain how to reduce the heat island effect of a
building and the building site.
• Identify strategies used to reduce light pollution.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Reducing the impact of pollution on the building site due to


construction activity is the primary goal of SS Prerequisite—
Construction Activity Pollution Prevention.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

A well-balanced, diverse ecosystem provides clean air and


water and controls erosion.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Increasing site density is an important strategy to achieve a


smaller building footprint without cutting square feet.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

SS Credit—Open Space requires project teams to provide


outdoor space greater than or equal to 30% of the total site
area.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

The financial and environmental savings achieved in the


use of water, pesticides, and labor (as opposed to the use
of nonnative species) by incorporating all native and
adapted species in landscaping are significant.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Rainwater runoff from a


building site can disrupt
natural hydrology,
contaminate nearby bodies
of water with nonpoint
source pollution,
compromise wildlife
habitat, and contribute to
soil erosion and collapse.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

There are many pervious


surface alternatives that
can be used in place of
hardscape to help manage
rainwater at its source and
prevent runoff.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Rain gardens, dry ponds, and bioswales are landscape


features designed to clean and hold rainwater and drain it
back into the earth.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

A passive rainwater harvesting system can use berms or


swales to channel water to a landscaped area for irrigation
purposes.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

An active rainwater harvesting system captures, stores, and


later transports rainwater by another means to a desired
application area.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

SS Credit—Heat Island Reduction aims to reduce the


problems caused by heat islands, which occur mostly in
urban areas due to the abundance of constructed surfaces.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Utilizing roof and paving surfaces that have a high solar


reflectance index (SRI) reflects sunlight and reduces heat
absorption from the sun.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

SS Credit—Light Pollution Reduction encourages project


teams to reduce the problems caused by light pollution.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

Motion sensors and timers are lighting controls that, along


with efficient light distribution design, reduce the amount of
light at times and in places it is not required.

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Chapter 6 — Sustainable Sites

The backlight, uplight,


glare (BUG) rating method
classifies luminaires
according to their potential
to generate light pollution.

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Chapter 7
Water Efficiency

Innovative Approaches to Water Conservation •


Increasing Water Efficiency • Reducing Indoor Water
Use • Reducing Outdoor Water Use

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Objectives
• Explain the importance of EPAct of 1992 and how it
has affected water efficiency.
• Describe how flush and flow fixture water usage is
measured.
• Explain the importance of reducing indoor, outdoor,
and process water use.
• List the strategies to reduce indoor water use.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Objectives (continued)
• List the strategies to reduce outdoor water use.
• Describe the benefits of water metering for water
performance management.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Water measurement units are important to understand for


the baseline and design cases.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

USGBC provides interactive water use calculators for


project teams to use in calculating the baseline and design
case for water efficiency.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

The EPAct specifies the baseline water consumption


information required to make the calculations for a project’s
baseline water usage.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

The average water daily use rate is dependent on the


occupancy and fixture types.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

The goal of the credits in the Water Efficiency (WE)


category is to reduce the amount of potable water used for
purposes other than drinking.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

WaterSense®-labeled products are 20% more water


efficient than average products in the same category.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

A dual-flush water closet is a water closet that provides a


flush option for liquid waste and one for solid waste.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

A low-flow aerator is a
water- and energy-saving
device that replaces the
existing aerator on a
faucet.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

A waterless urinal is a urinal designed to allow urine to flow


through a trap device without the use of water.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

A composting toilet is a
toilet that consists of a
single unit with a
composting compartment
or many units connected to
a remote composting tank.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Rainwater harvesting is the process of collecting water from


rooftops and paved or vegetated ground for reuse.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Graywater that comes from showers, baths, lavatory sinks,


and clothes washers can be directed through piping into a
holding tank for later reuse.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Submeters are devices used to monitor water leaks and to


measure usage. Installing submeters can reduce overall
building water consumption by 30% to 40% in the first few
months.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

When planning landscapes, it is best to use plantings that


are native to the specific region.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Xeriscaping is a type of
landscaping design that
utilizes soil improvements,
efficient irrigation, and
native and adapted plant
species to reduce water
usage.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Drip irrigation is commonly


considered the most
efficient form of irrigation
over traditional sprinkler
systems because it delivers
water directly to the root of
the plant, eliminating the
loss of water due to
evapotranspiration.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Capturing and collecting


rainwater is the first step in
using a nonpotable water
source for irrigation.

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Chapter 7 — Water Efficiency

Using reclaimed water for irrigation is very popular in the


western part of the U.S.

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Chapter 8
Energy and Atmosphere

Energy and Atmosphere • Reducing Energy Demand •


Increasing Energy Efficiency • Producing Renewable
Energy • Refrigerant Management • Ongoing Energy
Performance

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Objectives
• Explain the environmental concerns related to energy
use and the importance of reducing it.
• List the main goals of the Energy and Atmosphere
category.
• Identify the standard used for the baseline case in
the Energy and Atmosphere category.
• Explain the strategies to reduce energy demand.
• Explain how to reduce the impacts of building loads.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Objectives (continued)
• Explain the strategies to increase energy efficiency.
• Compare the differences between on-site renewable
energy and off-site renewable energy.
• Describe renewable energy certificates and how they
are used as a carbon offset.
• Explain the trade-off dilemma of refrigerants.
• Explain the importance of measuring and verifying
ongoing energy performance after the owner takes
possession of the building.
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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

The credits in the Energy and Atmosphere (EA) category of


the LEED rating systems have five clear goals: reduce
energy demand, increase energy efficiency, replace fossil
fuel use with renewable energy and carbon offsets,
eliminate the use of harmful refrigerants, and monitor
ongoing performance.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Building loads such as HVAC, lighting, and water heating


systems account for a majority of the energy use in
commercial buildings.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Reducing the size of the


building footprint reduces
the demand for energy in
the building.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Passive design techniques include windows and shades


that are designed to maximize cooling and heating, vents
and operable windows that are positioned to move outdoor
air through the home in the summer, and thermal mass
flooring that is designed to retain heat in the winter.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Correctly insulating the envelope of a building and using


high-efficiency glazing (windows) helps the building retain
more of its heat in the winter and air conditioning in the
summer, thus reducing the demand for mechanical
ventilation.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

EA Prerequisite — Fundamental Commissioning and


Verification calls for commissioning (Cx) activities.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Building automation is a popular method of connecting and


controlling building-wide energy use with one interface,
such as a digital dashboard.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

A demand response (DR)


program is a program
offered by participating
utilities nationwide to
encourage large energy
users to reduce energy
loads during peak energy
usage times in exchange
for reduced rates.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

The Energy Star Portfolio


Manager provides a web-
based tool for entering
energy and water data to
see where a building type
falls in whole-building
energy use compared to
other buildings of its type.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Life-cycle costing (LCC)


can be used to understand
the total costs of a high-
performance building
system over its lifetime.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Energy Star-certified
appliances, such as
refrigerators and clothes
washers, incorporate
advanced technologies and
use 10% to 50% less
energy than standard
appliances.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

A breakdown of the renewable energy category of U.S.


energy consumption shows biomass and hydropower as
the two largest renewable energy sources.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

The most common


renewable energy systems
include solar power, wind
power, bioenergy,
geothermal energy, and
hydropower.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Renewable energy certificates (RECs) are a tradable


commodity sold on the open market (such as a stock
exchange) by producers of renewable energy.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

The Green-e logo means


that an independent third
party certified that the
product meets strict
consumer-protection and
environmental standards.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

Carbon offsets can include renewable energy programs


such as when a fire break/fuel reduction project provides
debris for use at a nearby bioenergy plant.

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Chapter 8 — Energy and Atmosphere

EA Credit — Enhanced
Refrigerant Management
attempts to mitigate the
trade-off by allowing only
the use of refrigerants that
are naturally occurring or
synthetic with an ozone
depletion potential (ODP)
of zero and a global
warming potential (GWP)
of less than 50.

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Chapter 9
Materials and Resources

Materials and Resources • Material Conservation •


Environmentally Preferable Materials • Waste
Management

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Objectives
• Explain the importance of reusing buildings and
materials to improve material conservation.
• Explain how environmentally preferable materials
influence green design.
• Identify the strategies involved in selecting
environmentally preferable materials and the role of
building product disclosures.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Objectives (continued)
• Describe the life-cycle impact of materials on a
project and the environment.
• Explain the importance of diverting waste from
landfills.
• List the strategies that can be used to address
construction and demolition waste.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

The Materials and Resources (MR) category of the LEED


v4 BD+C: New Construction rating system adaptation can
contribute up to 13 points toward LEED v4 certification.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Product disclosure helps optimization become more


feasible so that the process of preferential selection may
begin.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

The most effective way to achieve material conservation is


to extend the life of buildings and materials that already
exist.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Whole-building life-cycle assessment (LCA) software, such


as Tally, allows designers to track environmental impacts of
a structure in real time.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

An environmental product
declaration (EPD) is a
summarization of data
collected in a life-cycle
assessment (LCA) and
meets on the disclosure
criteria for the environmental
declaration option of MR
Credit — Building Product
Disclosure and Optimization
– Environmental Product
Declarations.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Environmental product declarations (EPDs) that conform to


a specific ISO standard and have at least cradle-to-gate
scope are valued at one half to a whole product, depending
on the type.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Option 2 in MR Credit — Building Product Disclosure and


Optimization – Sourcing of Raw Materials prescribes using
products that meet at least one of the provided responsible
extraction criteria for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value
of permanently installed building products in the project.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Option 1 of MR Credit — Building Product Disclosure and


Optimization – Material Ingredients prescribes that the
project must use at least 20 different permanently installed
products from at least five different manufacturers that use
a program to demonstrate the chemical inventory of the
product to at least 0.1% (1000 ppm).

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Option 2 of MR Credit — Building Product Disclosure and


Optimization – Material Ingredients recommends products
that document their material ingredient optimization using a
certification path for at least 25%, by cost, of the total value
of permanently installed products in the project.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

A net-zero waste building is one that diverts 100% of its


waste from the landfill.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Project teams are required


to supply a recyclable
storage plan for recycled
products such as mixed
paper, corrugated
cardboard, glass, plastic,
and metals.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

MR Credit — Construction and Demolition Waste


Management awards project teams with 1 to 2 points for
recycling 50% to 75% of construction waste from a project
with three to four material streams.

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Chapter 9 — Materials and Resources

Composting starts with collecting food waste separately


from other waste.

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Chapter 10
Indoor Environmental Quality

The Indoor Environment • Increasing Indoor


Environmental Quality • Occupant Comfort • Space
Categorization

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Objectives
• Explain the primary goals of the Indoor Environmental
Quality category.
• Identify environmental factors impacting indoor air
quality.
• Identify the strategies involved in obtaining credits in
the Indoor Environmental Quality category.
• Explain the symptoms of sick building syndrome.
• List the strategies to improve indoor air quality.
…Continued on next slide

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Objectives (continued)
• Explain the strategies for improving occupant comfort
and health.
• Describe strategies for improved lighting quality.
• Describe the acoustical problems of open office
designs.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Project teams should use the prerequisites and credits


contained in the Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)
category as a guide to improve indoor air quality and to
increase occupant comfort.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Increased ventilation rates


are associated with fewer
health issues and with
increased productivity and
school performance.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Good ventilation is critical


for the health of building
occupants.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

There is a general
decrease in the symptoms
of sick building syndrome
(SBS) as ventilation rates
increase.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Natural ventilation design


strategies include operable
windows and stack-driven
ventilation.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

EQ Prerequisite—
Environmental Tobacco
Smoke Control requires
project teams to prevent or
minimize the exposure of
building occupants, indoor
surfaces, and ventilation air
distribution systems to
environmental tobacco
smoke.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

In order to properly capture


dirt and particulates, a
permanent entryway
system should be installed
and be at least 10 feet long
in the primary direction of
travel.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Filters with a MERV 13


rating or better are required
by LEED projects for EQ
Credit—Enhanced IAQ
Strategies.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Carbon dioxide monitors are one option in mechanically


ventilated buildings to achieve an extra point for EQ
Credit—Enhanced IAQ Strategies.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

EQ Credit—Low-Emitting
Materials promotes
reductions in the
concentration of chemical
contaminants that can
damage air quality, human
health, productivity, and the
environment.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

EQ Credit—Construction
IAQ Management Plan
promotes the well-being of
construction personnel and
building occupants by
requiring safeguards to
minimize IAQ problems
while a building or parts of
a building are under
construction or renovation.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Safety precautions that are


important to take when
remodeling occupied
buildings include sealing off
the construction area,
protecting ductwork, and
ventilating the construction
areas.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

EQ Credit—Interior Lighting promotes occupants’


productivity, comfort, and well-being by providing high-
quality lighting.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

The use of absorptive ceiling tiles can improve the acoustic


performance of a building.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Many centrally located private offices in LEED-certified


buildings have full glass walls to allow more natural light to
penetrate the workspaces.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Office work performance is maximized when the air


temperature is 71°F. Work performance decreases as the
indoor air temperature rises or falls below 71°F.

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Chapter 10 — Indoor Environmental Quality

Lower workstation
partitions and centrally
located offices with clear
glass allow more
employees to have quality
views of the outside.

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Chapter 11
Innovation and Regional Priority

Innovation • Regional Priority

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

Objectives
• Explain the intent of the Innovation category.
• Identify the strategies involved in obtaining credit in
the Innovation category.
• Describe exemplary performance.
• Explain the intent of the Regional Priority category.
• Identify the strategies involved in obtaining credit in
the Regional Priority category.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

The Innovation (IN) category is located at the end of every


LEED rating system and can give project teams a total of
six bonus points.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

The LEED Gold® Via


Verde/The Green Way
residential building in the
Bronx, New York, attained
a point for the innovation
credit using strategies such
as a rooftop community
garden, which encourages
tenants to get more
exercise and live healthier
lifestyles.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

The Bently Reserve,


certified as LEED Gold® for
LEED BD+C: Core and
Shell, is an office building
in San Francisco that
requires tenants to achieve
certification under the
Commercial Interior (CI)
category for their leased
spaces as part of their
innovation credit.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

GPRO Green Professional


Building Skills Training
developed by the Urban
Green Council is a
qualifying green build
training program that meets
the requirements of Pilot
Credit — Green Training for
Contractors, Trades,
Operators, and Service
Workers.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

The Regional Priority (RP) category was instituted in LEED


2009 in response to requests from LEED users for credits
specific to diverse regional climates.

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Chapter 11 — Innovation and Regional Priority

The only points available in


the RP category are
through RP Credit—
Regional Priority.

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