Province of Rizal vs.

Executive Secretary

Whether or not the consultation and approval of the Province of Rizal and municipality of San Mateo
is needed before the implementation of the project (reopening of dumpsite)

Yes. Under the Local Government Code, two requisites must be met before a national project that
affects the environmental and ecological balance of local communities can be implemented:

prior consultation with the affected local communities, and

prior approval of the project by the appropriate sanggunian.

Absent either of these mandatory requirements, the projects implementation is illegal.

In Lina , Jr. v. Pao,[49] we held that Section 2 (c), requiring consultations with the appropriate local
government units, should apply to national government projects affecting the environmental or
ecological balance of the particular community implementing the project.

Oposa vs. Factoran

Plaintiffs asserts that the continue cutting of trees has an adverse and detrimental consequences to
the environment, like water shortages, salinization of the water table, massive erosion, endangering
the country’s unique flora and fauna, disturbance and dislocation of cultural communities, and
reduction of Earth’s capacity to process carbon dioxide which lead to global warming or also known as
“the greenhouse effect”.

Right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology with the rhythm and harmony of nature
(Section 26, Article II).

The petitioners asserted that they have the right to file to represent their generation and the
generations to come. Their personality to sue in behalf of the future generation can only be based on
the concept of intergenerational responsibility insofar as the right to the balanced and healthful
ecology is concerned.

Metro Manila Development Authority vs. Concerned Residents of Manila Bay