Figure 5: ZEODENT® Abrasivity Figure 6: ZEODENT® Cleaning Performance

Abrasivity (RDA) Cleaning (PCR)

250 120

200 100 TECHNICAL INFORMATION 1418

150 80

100 60

50 40

ZEODENT® Dental Cleaning Silicas

0 20
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Silica Loading (%) Silica Loading (%)

Test Methods for Measuring

ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 113 ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 113
ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 116 ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 116

Abrasivity of Dental Silicas

This information and any recommendations, technical or otherwise, are presented in good faith and believed to be correct as of the
date prepared. Recipients of this information and recommendations must make their own determination as to its suitability for their
purposes. In no event shall Evonik assume liability for damages or losses of any kind or nature that result from the use of or reliance
upon this information and recommendations. EVONIK EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF
ANY KIND, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, AS TO THE ACCURACY, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANT-
Key Performance Characteristics of ZEODENT® Dental Cleaning Silicas ABILITY AND/OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE (EVEN IF EVONIK IS AWARE OF SUCH PURPOSE) WITH RESPECT TO
ANY INFORMATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS PROVIDED. Reference to any trade names used by other companies is neither a
recommendation nor an endorsement of the corresponding product, and does not imply that similar products could not be used. Evonik
reserves the right to make any changes to the information and/or recommendations at any time, without prior or subsequent notice.
ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 124 ZEODENT® 113 ZEODENT® 116
ATTRIBUTES
SILICON DIOXIDE SILICON DIOXIDE SILICON DIOXIDE SILICON DIOXIDE

Level of Cleaning High Medium/High Medium Gentle

Level of Abrasivity High Medium/High Low Very Low
Viscosity Build Very Low Low Moderate Moderate
Clarity Applications Opaque/Translucent Translucent Clear Clear Europe / Middle-East /  North America Asia / Pacific
Africa / Latin America Evonik Corporation Evonik (SEA) Pte. Ltd.
Evonik Resource Efficiency GmbH Business Line Silica Business Line Silica
Business Line Silica 299 Jefferson Road 3 International Business Park
Rodenbacher Chaussee 4 Parsippany, NJ 07054-0677 #07 – 18 Nordic European Centre
63457 Hanau-Wolfgang USA Singapore 609927
Germany
The Trusted and Reliable Source for Dental Silicas phone  +1 800 233-8052 phone  +65 6809-6877
phone  +49 6181 59-12532 fax  +1 973 929-8502 fax  +65 6809-6677
fax  +49 6181 59-712532 ask-si-nafta@evonik.com ask-si-asia@evonik.com
ask-si@evonik.com
High performing products. Rigorous quality systems. attributes and promises delivered upon by the associates of
www.evonik.com More silica grades
Unparalleled customer technical support and care. A global the only name you need to know and trust when it comes to

RE-11-JUNE17-L+L
www.zeodent.com from Evonik see also
technology and support team. Worldwide distribution net- dental silica: Evonik. www.aerosil.com
www.sipernat.com
work. More than mere statements and words, these are the

EVONIK MANUFACTURES AND SUPPORTS ITS ZEODENT® DENTAL SILICAS ACROSS THE GLOBE

You can count on Evonik as your partner

in achieving the desired level of cleaning www.zeodent.com ask-si@evonik.com
safely for your dentifrice products.

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 High Performing Products Figure 1: The Einlehner test method Figure 2: Correlation of the Einlehner method Figure 4: Correlation Ra vs. RDA value
to the RDA method
The ZEODENT® family of dental silica products is designed
to provide superior performance in toothpaste applications. Rotating Shaft
Selecting from the broad range of ZEODENT® products, tooth-
R2 = 0.90 RDA Value R2 = 0.99
paste producers can optimize the important characteristics Powder RDA Value

of each toothpaste formulation, including: cleaning and whit- 200 250

ening performance, abrasion and sensitivity, optical clarity, 180 200

Downward Force
viscosity and compatibility with other ingredients. 160 150
Silica Slurry
140 100

120 50

100 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
80

ZEODENT® Dental Cleaning Silicas

Mean Ra Value (µm)
60
Silica Particle
PVC Bushing 40
Standard precipitated silica
20
ZEODENT® silica is an important ingredient in toothpaste, pro- goals of each formulation. Included in this technical bulletin Larger Particle
0
viding safe and effective cleaning with minimal impact on hard are descriptions of recognized test methods, as well as those 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
tissues of the oral cavity. Evonik works collaboratively with specific to quantifying the efficacy and safety of ZEODENT® Einlehner abrasion (mg loss)
customers to select the optimal cleaning silica to achieve the dental cleaning silicas. Bronze Screen

The All-Star Dental Cleaning Silica Lineup

THE RELATIVE DENTIN ABRASION (RDA) TEST METHOD
The American Dental Association (ADA) monitors tooth-
paste safety using RDA, which is measured using a radio-
tracer method developed by John J. Hefferren (contained
in ISO 11609). For this method, human dentin is brushed
with a dentifrice using a well controlled brushing appa-
ratus, the V8 Cross Brushing Machine. The quantity of
radiotracer is measured in the rinse solution and compared
to the standard to determine the RDA. The ADA recom-
mendation for toothpastes is an RDA limit of 250
(regional preferences exist). This method provides the
most direct and relevant relationship to clinical and con-
sumer product use.
THE PLASTIC TEST METHOD
The Plastic method utilizes an acrylic specimen that is abraded
by brushing with toothpaste. The level of wear can be quanti-
fied as an increase in surface roughness or volume of plastic
that is removed via profilometry.
Figure 3: Cross section of worn specimens showing increasing levels of abrasion described by roughness values (Ra)
The Plastic method correlates to RDA for toothpastes contain-
ing standard dental grade silica. Changes in particle shape,
size, abrasive type or other ingredients skew the relationship
with RDA significantly. Fig. 4 shows this correlation, which is
very good for standards. However, a larger particle silica type
deviates considerably.
DESIGNED FOR SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE, EFFECTIVE CLEANING, RELIABLE SAFETY
ZEODENT® 103 ZEODENT® 113
is our highest cleaning silica offering excellent cleaning and is a cost-effective solution to achieve desired cleaning perfor-
whitening when used alone or as a “booster” in combina- mance for standard toothpaste formulations. ZEODENT® 113
tion with our ZEODENT® 113 or ZEODENT® 116 cleaning offers formulators a wide range of flexibility with regards to
silicas. At varying dosage levels, ZEODENT® 103 allows active ingredient compatibility and the optimal level of clean-
formulators to achieve a broad range of cleaning and whiten- ing when lower abrasivity is required. For cleaning similar to
ing performance. ZEODENT® 113 with exceptional clarity, ZEODENT® 115 is

The Einlehner and Plastic Test Methods

the perfect choice.
ZEODENT® 124
is our medium to-high cleaning silica, offering improved ZEODENT® 116
optical performance over ZEODENT® 103. ZEODENT® 124 offers gentle cleaning with the highest ratio of cleaning to
TWO ADDITIONAL TEST METHODS TO DETERMINE EFFECTIVE CLEANING AND SAFETY cleaning silica also has reduced abrasion, making it more abrasion, making it ideally suited for formulators when a
gentle on tooth enamel. Like ZEODENT® 103, ZEODENT® softer touch is required. ZEODENT® 116 also offers clarity
124 can be used alone or as a “booster” to provide clean- and contrast for clear gel toothpastes.
THE EINLEHNER TEST METHOD ing performance in standard toothpaste formulations. When
The Einlehner method utilizes a cylindrical PVC bushing that greater clarity is required along with the cleaning efficiency
is rotated under load against a bronze screen in the presence of ZEODENT® 124, ZEODENT® 120 is the product of
of silica slurry. The level of wear is then determined gravi- choice.
metrically. As this method produces a very strong correlation
to powder RDA testing, Evonik uses the Einlehner method Ra 0.1 μm Ra 2.15 μm Ra 4.56 μm
globally as a quality control tool to ensure the consistency of
ZEODENT® silica grades.

2 3 4

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