SYNOPSIS:

Role of civil society in protecting secularism in Bihar

The history of civil society goes back to the 17th century when Hegal described
about it and emphasizes over it’s necessity for the state.State is integrated with
civil society.The site at which society enters into a relationship with the state can
be defined as civil society.civil society has,therefore,been privileled by the
democratic theory as a vital for the existence of democracy.Hegal had subordinated
civil society to the state because he regarded the state as the embodiment of
universality.Marx postulated the primacy of civil society.Civil society is an
essential for the democratic life.Civil society represents a separate sphere of human
relations and activity.Hegal saw civil society as an achievement of the modern
world.
At a time when talks of discontent between civil society and govt. in
the centre and the state have hogged the limelight,there is a plant afoot in Bihar to
provide a platform that would allow the covil society to have interaction with the
govt. on a regular basic.
Communal clashes have taken place in Bihar several
times.The gruesome communal clash which has taken place in Bihar is Bhagalpur
communal riot in 1984.In this communal riot more than ten thousands have lost
theier lives.Not only Bhagalpur dist.but Banka ,Muzaffarpur,Darbhanga,Munger
and Purnea dists.have suffered from communal riots in the past few years.Had civil
society worked there earlier for making ciommunal harmony such events wouldn’t
have occurred.
It was found through from the different communities that
there is a lack of social contract which led to the animosity and discrimination
between the people .It was also one of the reason behind the people .It was also
one of the reason behind the eruption of communal riots in our state .Working of
civil society is essential to meet the communal challenges.
Izad is a section of civil society organization(CSO) that focusses on empowering
the rural poor.Civil society forum is working painstakingly for meeting all social
causes.
The horrific episode of jan 18 in Muzzaffarpur ,Bihar is quite different from what
happened in Muzzaffarnagar in U.P in sept.,2013. Afew months ago ,ahead of the
chatt.puja,there was acute communal tension between the Hindu Mallahs and
Pasmanda Muslims in Turkauliya village in the same sariya paroo Thana area.Here
a Muslim was alleged to have thrown human excrete from an overflowing and
congested tank of his septic tank into the canal in which chatt.puja was being
performed for ages.
There are several causes like these which led to the dire need
of the civil society to meet these social challenges.

Statement of problem
Secularism is a vital issue in Bihar and communal disharmony are coming into
limelight still today ,which needs to be addressed.The issue generate several
questios which my research aims to answer.Iwill survey six communal prone dists.
of Bihar. These dists are Bhagalpur ,Banka,Munger,Saran and Gaya.The main
focus of my civil society work is to resolve communal and sectarian disharmony
from Bihar and to make it a secular state .Secularism is the core ideal of our
constitution.

Research Question
After several communal incidents in Bihar ,it was foundthat working of civil
society is essential for checking the communal disharmony in the state.My main
concern here is that how far is civil society playing its role successfully and is an
effective in ameliorating the causes of secular disharmony in the state.How far
would the work of civil society be effective to meet these challenges.I have to find
out the necessity of civil society through questionnaire in several communal prone
dists. of Bihar.

Researh Objectives
My main research objective is that how to make civil society ,which is linked to
the democratic institution,interactive with people.How will this civil society
institution work it’s goal in secularizing the state.I have to find out through survey
of six dists.of Bihar why do people need civil society for meeting the communal
challenges in the state? Despite it I want to make civil society activism more active
in the state for attaining my objective to make Bihar free from sectarian and
communal divide and to secularise it completely.
Research Methodology
I have opted for the mixed approach for research .It is based over both qualitative
and quantitative research methodology.I will collect data ,take samples and form
hypothesis and work according to the dimensions of research.I will draw
qualitative and quantitative mesurements.I will make survey and conduct
secondary analysis.Simultaneously ,I will draw graphs through scattergrams and
would conduct several tests like t-test,chi square test,Anova and Acnova tests
according to the requirements.

Area of Research
My area iof research is Political theory .Pol theory is one of the most crucial area
of Political science.Civil society is topic of political theory .The concept of civil
society is found in the 17th century during the time of Hegal and it started working
from that time.Hegal always entered into the state through civil society .The role of
civil society is very appreciative in European and American countries.If civil
society works efficiently ,it can build the state.