Assignment No.

Submitted By: Engr.Shams Ul Islam

Submitted to: Prof. Dr. Muhammad Javed

Problem No.1.

A spring mass system has a natural frequency of 10 Hz. When the stiffness of spring is
reduced by 800 N/m, the frequency is reduced by 45%. Find the mass and stiffness of the
actual system.

Given Data:

𝑵𝒂𝒕𝒖𝒓𝒂𝒍 𝑭𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒏𝒄𝒚 𝒇𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎 𝑯𝒛

𝑺𝒑𝒓𝒊𝒏𝒈 𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒇𝒇𝒏𝒆𝒔𝒔 = 𝑲

𝑲𝒏𝒆𝒘 = 𝑲 − 𝟖𝟎𝟎

𝟒𝟓
𝒇𝒏𝒏𝒆𝒘 = (𝟏 − ) 𝒇𝒏 = 𝟎. 𝟓𝟓 𝒇𝒏 = 𝟓. 𝟓 𝑯𝒛
𝟏𝟎𝟎

𝑲 =?

𝒎 =?

Solution:

As we know that

𝟏 𝑲
𝒇𝒏 = √
𝟐𝝅 𝒎

1 𝐾
10 = √
2𝜋 𝑚

√𝐾
62.83 =
√𝑚

√𝑲
√𝒎 = 𝟔𝟐.𝟖𝟑………………………… (1)

𝑲
𝒎= ……………………… (2)
𝟑𝟗𝟒𝟕.𝟔𝟎𝟖𝟗

1
 1 𝐾 − 800
𝑓𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑤 = √
2𝜋 𝑚

1 𝐾 − 800
5.5 = √
2𝜋 𝑚

1 √𝐾 − 800
5.5 =
2𝜋 √𝑚

Putting the values of √𝑚 from (1)

1 √𝐾 − 800
5.5 =
2𝜋 √𝐾
62.83

1 √𝐾 − 800
5.5 = × 62.83
2𝜋 √𝐾

0.550√𝐾 = √𝐾 − 800

0.30251 𝐾 = 𝐾 − 800

𝑲 = 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟗𝟖 𝑵/𝒎

Putting in (2),

1146.98
𝑚=
3947.6089

𝒎 = 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟓 𝑲𝒈

2
RECHEK:

Putting the obtained values of K and m in the Equation of natural frequency, to check that
the values of K and m gives the initial value of Natural frequency or not;

So

𝟏 𝑲
𝒇𝒏 = √
𝟐𝝅 𝒎

𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟗𝟖
𝒇𝒏 = √
𝟐𝝅 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟓

𝒇𝒏 = 𝟏𝟎. 𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟓𝟕 = 𝟏𝟎 𝑯𝒛

Again, For the reduced stiffness by a value of 800 N/m, the 𝒇𝒏 is :

𝟏 𝑲 − 𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝒇𝒏 = √
𝟐𝝅 𝒎

𝟏 𝟏𝟏𝟒𝟔. 𝟗𝟖 − 𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝒇𝒏 = √
𝟐𝝅 𝟎. 𝟐𝟗𝟎𝟓

𝟑𝟒. 𝟓𝟔
𝒇𝒏 = = 𝟓. 𝟓𝟎𝟎 𝑯𝒛
𝟐𝝅

3
Problem No.2

The natural frequency of a beam supporting a lumped mass, m, is 2 cycles per second (cps).
When an additional mass of 50 kg is added, the natural frequency is reduced to 1.75 cycles
per second. Determine the stiffness and lumped mass, m.

Given Data:

𝒇𝒏 = 𝟐 𝒄/𝒔𝒆𝒄

𝒎𝒂𝒔𝒔 = 𝒎

𝒎𝒂𝒅𝒅 = 𝒎 + 𝟓𝟎

𝒇𝒏𝒏𝒆𝒘 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟓 𝒄/𝒔𝒆𝒄

𝑲 =?

𝒎 =?

Solution:

As we know that

1 𝐾
𝑓𝑛 = √
2𝜋 𝑚

1 𝐾
2= √
2𝜋 𝑚

1 √𝐾
2=
2𝜋 √𝑚

√𝐾 = 12.56663 √𝑚 … … … … … … … . (1)

Squaring both sides

𝐾 = 157.9201𝑚 … … … … … … … … … (2)

4
 1 √𝐾
𝑁𝑜𝑤, 𝑓𝑛𝑛𝑒𝑤 =
2𝜋 √𝑚 + 50

1 √𝐾
1.75 =
2𝜋 √𝑚 + 50

1 12.56663 √𝑚
1.75 = ×
2𝜋 √𝑚 + 50

10.9026√𝑚 + 50 = 12.56663 √𝑚

𝑚 + 50 = 1.3061 𝑚

𝒎 = 𝟏𝟔𝟑. 𝟑𝟎𝟒 𝒌𝒈

This is the required lumped mass.

Putting in (2)

𝑲 = 𝟏𝟓𝟕. 𝟗𝟐𝟎𝟏 × 𝟏𝟔𝟑. 𝟑𝟎𝟒 = 𝟐𝟓𝟕𝟖𝟖. 𝟗𝟗 𝑵/𝒎

𝑲 = 𝟏𝟓𝟕. 𝟗𝟐𝟎𝟏 × 𝟏𝟔𝟑. 𝟑𝟎𝟒 = 𝟐𝟓. 𝟕𝟖𝟗 𝑲𝑵/𝒎

5
 Recheck:

Putting the obtained values of K and m in the Equation of natural frequency, to check that
the values of K and m gives the initial value of Natural frequency or not;

So

1 25788.99
𝑓𝑛 = √
2𝜋 163.304

𝒇𝒏 = 𝟐 𝒄/𝒔𝒆𝒄

Now again if we increase the mass by 50Kg, then

𝑚 = 163.304 + 50 = 213.304 𝑘𝑔

𝐾 = 25788399 𝑁/𝑚

Then

1 25788.99
𝑓𝑛 = √
2𝜋 213.304

10.996
𝑓𝑛 = = 1.75 𝑐/𝑠𝑒𝑐
2𝜋

𝒇𝒏 = 𝟏. 𝟕𝟓 𝐜/𝐬𝐞𝐜

Hence, the Obtained result satisfies the initial conditions.

6
Problem No.3

An under damped shock absorber is to be designed for a motor cycle of mass 200 kg. The
vibration starts occurring in motor cycle in vertical direction when it reaches a road bump.
Find the necessary stiffness and damping ratio of the absorber if the damped period of
vibration is to be 2 second as well that the ratio of amplitude s of displacement in successive
peaks is to be 16.

Solution:

𝑢𝑖 2𝜋𝜉
𝛿 = ln [ ]=
𝑢𝑖 + 1 √1 − 𝜉 2

2𝜋𝜉
𝛿 = ln(16) =
√1 − 𝜉 2

2𝜋𝜉
ln(16) =
√1 − 𝜉 2

2.7726√1 − 𝜉 2 = 2𝜋𝜉

Squaring both sides,

(2.7726√1 − 𝜉 2 )2 = (2𝜋𝜉)2

7.6873 − 7.6873𝜉 2 = 4𝜋 2 𝜉 2

𝝃 = 𝟎. 𝟒𝟎𝟑𝟕

2𝜋 2𝜋
𝑇𝐷 = 2 𝑠 = =
𝜔𝐷 𝜔𝑛 √1 − 𝜉 2

2𝜋
𝜔𝑛 =
2√1 − 𝜉 2

2𝜋
𝜔𝑛 =
2√1 − 0.40372

7
𝝎𝒏 = 𝟑. 𝟒𝟑𝟑𝟖 𝒓𝒂𝒅/𝒔𝒆𝒄

𝐾 = 𝑚𝝎𝒏 𝟐

𝐾 = (200)(3.4338)𝟐

𝑲 = 𝟐𝟑𝟓𝟖. 𝟏𝟗𝟔𝟒 𝑵/𝒎