PNS 156 Sanitary Wares

DPNS 156:2004
ICS 81.060.20
Sanitary wares - Specification

PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD DPNS 156:2004
Contents bowls ................................................
1 Scope and purposes ...........................
8 Close-coupled water closet, floor
2 References ........................................
mounted, back-outlet .........................
3 Definitions ......…………………...... 9 Floor mounted close-coupled water
4 Grading .............................................
closet .................................................
5 General requirements .............….......
10 One-piece water closet ......................
6 Marking and labeling ...11 Top-inlet water closet for flushometer
….................. valve ................……………..............
12 Lavatories with back .........................
Tables 13 Ledge-back lavatories .......................
14 Shelf-back lavatories .........................
1 Maximum allowable blemishes 15 Slab-back
for lavatories ..........................
grade A water closet,bowls, 16 bidets,Flat rim lavatories ............................
urinals and all pedestal17 legs ...............
Rectangular self-rimming lavatory ....
2 Maximum allowable blemishes 18 Self-rimming
for lavatory - rectangular .
grade A close coupled tanks 19 and Self-rimming lavatory - oval ............
covers ................................................
20 Self-rimming lavatory - round .........
3 Maximum allowable blemishes 21 Corner
for lavatory .................................
grade A lavatories ............….............
22 Stall urinal ........................................
4 Maximum allowable blemishes 23 Wall-mounted
for blowout urinal with
grade A pail flush, rural and wasdown extended shields ................................
squat bowls .....................…………...
24 Wall-mounted blowout urinal ............
for siphon-jet urinal with
grade B water closet, bowls, bidets, extended shields ................................
urinals and pedestal legs 26...………….Wall-mounted siphon-jet urinal .........
for washout urinal with
grade B closet coupled tanks and extended shields ................................
covers ................................................
28 Wall-mounted washout urinal with
7 Maximum allowable blemishesbottom for outlet .....................................
grade B lavatories .............................
29 Drinking fountain with splash back ...
8 Spud sizes and passageways 30 for Drinking fountain, semi-recessed ......
urinals ……………………………… 31 Drinking Fountain, Recessed ............
9 Minimum urinal dimensions 32 Service sink .......................................
33 Perineal (sitz) bath ............................
Annexes 34 Bidet .................................................
35 Location and character of marking for
A Types and styles of fixture………….. seconds ............…..............................
A1 Water closet ......................................
36 Pail flush bowl ..................................
A2 Lavatories .........................................
37 Squat bowl ........................................
A3 Urinals ..............................................
38 Squat bowl with integral flushing
A4 Bidets (pedestal, floor-mounted, roomwall.................................................
outlet) ...............................................
A5 Other types of bowls ........................
B Test methods .....................................
C Recommendations .............................
Figures
1A Urinal
1B Typical outlet for floor-mounted
Bottom-outlet water closets ...............
2 Typical outlet details for rear-outlet
and rear-spigot-outlet water closet
Bowls ................................................
3 Typical bolt hole spacing for wall
mounted water closets .......................
4 Roughing-in and seat bolt hole
requirements for floor outlet water
closets ...............................................
5 Labatory and bidet supply punchings

and outlet details ...............................
6 Close coupled and wall mounted
gravity type water closet tanks .....…..
7 Typical top contour for water closet
PHILIPPINE NATIONAL STANDARD DPNS
156:2004
Sanitary Ware - Specification
1 Scope and purposes
1.1 Scope
This standard covers physical requirements and test methods pertaining to materials, grading,
dimension, certain features of construction and types, and sizes of sanitary wares in general
use. Also given are inspection methods and tests which establish generally accepted quality
standard fixtures. Included in this standard are water closets, lavatories, urinals and bidets.
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to establish a national-recognized standard for sanitary wares
for the guidance of manufacturers, distributors and purchasers; to promote better
understanding between suppliers and users; and to furnish a basis for their competition in
furnishing sanitary wares to meet the principal demands of the trade.
2 References
The following standards contain provisions, which through reference in the text form a part of
this national standard. At the time of publication of this PNS, the editions indicated were valid.
PNS 237:2000 Water closet tank fittings - Specification
PNS 993:2000 Water closets and urinals - Hydraulic requirements
3 Definitions
For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:
3.1
bidet
a personal hygiene fixture intended for use by both sexes for general cleansing of the entire
perennial, or analgenital region generally used for quick partial bathing
3.2
blister
a raised portion of the surface or a sand speck smaller than 1.0 mm dimension
3.4
craze
fine cracks in the glaze
DPNS 156:2004
3.5
discoloration
a colored spot over 36 mm2 in area or a concentrated number of specks or spots to give the
effect of a change in color
3.6
dull or eggshell finish
undeveloped glaze, a semi-glaze finish, slightly matt in appearance or a non-glossy finish
3.7
dunt
a hairline fracture through the body caused by strain during the process of manufacture
3.8
exposed body
an unglazed portion not less than 2 mm in dimension
3.9
finish
the texture and condition of surface other than color
3.10
fire check
crack in the body not covered with glaze
3.11
fittings
adjuncts to a fixture subject to selection by the purchaser
3.12
fixture
the sanitary ware itself without trim or fittings
3.13
flood level
that portion of the plumbing fixture which spill over when the fixture drain is shut or
constricted
3.14
flush tank
a container for a measured quantity of water, fitted with an inlet valve and a flush valve either
wall hung or close coupled use to flush a water closet bowl
3.15
flush valve
a special form of valve located at the bottom of a flush tank used in flushing a water closet
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DPNS 156:2004
3.16
flushing cycle
the complete operating sequence of a water closet in emptying the contents, cleansing the
inside surfaces, refilling the water seal and tank and raising the water surface to the level of
trap weir
3.17
flushing surface
the surface visible after installation which becomes wet during the operation of the fixture
3.18
flushometer tank
a device whose function is defined in the flushometer valve below but integrated within an
accumulator vessel affixed and adjacent to the fixture inlet so as to cause an effective
enlargement of the supply line immediately before the unit
3.19
flushometer valve
a valve attached to a pressurized water supply pipe and operates to admit a pre-determined
quantity of water to fixture for flushing purposes
3.20
low consumption dual flush valve
a special water saving valve fixed at the bottom of the tank which is designed to provide two
flush volume options use in flushing a water closet. Full flush having a total flush volume less
than or equal to six litres and half flush having a total flush volume less than or equal to 3.5
liters. The flush valve shall be operated by two buttons, which are permanently marked with
either symbol or wording to indicate the full and half flush volume options, or a single lever to
activate the half or full flush option as a single operation
3.21
grade A
a ware which conforms to or higher than the grade limitations and other requirements of this
standard
3.22
integral
a cast or formed part of a fixture
3.23
one-piece water closet
a single piece fixture composed of water closet bowl and tank and a separate tank cover
3.24
permanent marking
for the purpose of marking (clause 6), permanent marking shall be fired, cast, sand blasted
embossed stamped, etched, or otherwise not removable except by excessive work or extra
means
3.25
pinhole
a small hole not bigger than 2 mm in the glazed surface
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DPNS 156:2004
3.26
pit
a hole in the glazed surface larger than 2 mm in diameter
3.27
polishing mark
a spot not more than 10 mm in maximum diameter where a minor blemish has been ground off
and the surface polished
3.28
pottery square
a square 50 mm on each side. For grading purposes, it maybe a 50 mm square hole cut in a
small sheet of any flexible material such as rubber or paper for convenience in sliding over
irregular surfaces to determine segregation or grouping of defects
3.29
pressurized flushing device (pfd)
a product which uses the force contained within the water supply to create a pressurized
discharge to flush fixtures and which is exclusive of gravity type flushing system. Flushometer
valve and flushometer tanks are example of pressurized flushing devices
3.30
projection
a raised portion of the surface over 6.5 mm in maximum dimension
3.31
rim
the unobstructed open edge of a fixture
3.32
roughing-in measurement
dimension from finished wall or floor to center of waste or supply opening or mounting holes
3.33
sanitary
a reasonably acceptable appearance and not necessarily microbiologically clean
3.34
segregation
more than 4 spots, blisters or pinholes in any pottery square
3.35
speck
an area of contrasting color less than 1 mm in dimension. Specks less than 0.3 mm in
dimension, unless insufficient in number to form a discoloration are not counted
3.36
spot
an area of contrasting color 1 mm to 3 mm in dimension
3.37
spud
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DPNS 156:2004
a threaded connection usually of brass inserted in the fixture
3.38
trap
a fitting, device, or integral fixture portion so designed and constructed as to provide, when
properly vented, a liquid seal which will prevent the back-passage of sewer gas without
materially affecting the flow of sewage or wastewater through it
3.39
trap dip
the highest point of the opening from the well into trapway
3.40
trim
part other than the fixture regularly supplied such as closet spuds and wall hangers
2.41
urinal
a plumbing fixture which receives only liquid body waste and on demand conveys the waste
through a trap seal into a gravity drainage system
3.42
visible surface
the surface that is readily visible to an open observer in a normal standing position after
installation of the fixture
3.43
vitreous
possessing that degree of vitrification evidenced by not more than 0.5% water absorption in
the boiling test
3.44
vitreous china
compounded ceramic materials fired at high temperature to form a vitreous body with exposed
surfaces coated with ceramic glaze fuse to the body
3.45
water closet
a plumbing fixture having a water containing receptor which receives liquid and solid body
waste and upon actuation conveys the waste through an exposed integral trap seal into a
gravity drainage system
3.46
water surface
the surface of the still water in the closet bowl, when filled to the top of the weir
3.47
wavy finish
a defect in the finish having the appearance of numerous runs irregular or mottled in the glaze
3.48
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DPNS 156:2004
weir
the barrier in a trapway that controls the water level
3.49
well
a pocket open at the top, formed inside the water closet bowl or urinal at the entrance of the
trapway
4 Grading
Sanitary wares shall be graded A or B in accordance with the methods given herein and shall
conform to the maximum allowable blemishes specified in Tables 1 to 7.
Table 1 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A water closets, bowls, bidets,
urinals and all pedestal legs
Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted
General Wavy finish 25 cm2

Warpage:
a) water closets and bidets
1) foot/wall, bow or arch 2.4 mm
2) rocker 1.6 mm
3) rim top front to back 9.0 mm
side to side 5.0 mm
b) urinal base and pedestal
legs 2.4 mm
Flushing surface Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation, total of 2.
Bubbles and specks 2 in one “pottery square”, a

total of 4.
Visible surface Exposed body None on prominent surface
5 mm on the foot, maximum
of 1.
Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation, a total of 2.
Bubbles and specks 2 in one “pottery square”,
total of 4.
Table 2 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A close coupled tanks and covers
General Warpage 3.2 mm (tank)

1.6 mm (cover)
Wavy finish 25 cm2.
Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation a total of 5.
Visible surface Bubbles and specks 2 in one “pottery square” a
total of 4.
Cover Warpage, wavy finish, spots, 50% of the maximum
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DPNS 156:2004
blisters and pinholes, bubble permitted
or specks
Table 3 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A lavatories
Location Blemishes or defect Maximum permitted
General Warpage Warpage of slab out of horizontal

plane not to exceed 6 mm on all
sizes, warpage of backs of
lavatories which are attached to
the wall not to exceed 3 mm.
self rimming lavatories 2 mm (front)
(counter top) 3 mm (back)
Service space top, slabs, Spot, blisters and pinholes No segregation, a total of 2.
inside of basin and front of
apron
Bubbles and specks No segregation, a total of 2.
Polishing marks 1only
Face of integral back and Spot, blisters and pinholes 1 on back or either side, a total of
sides 2.
Table 4 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A pail flush, rural and washdown
squat bowls
General Warpage 6 mm
Fire check 6.3 mm, to be repaired if
(clay crack) more than 2 defects.
Repair 5 mm size after repair, 1 in
one "pottery square" or total
of 3 at each half portion
Stain 6 mm size, 2 in one "pottery
square" or a total of 16.
Bubbles and specks 2 in one "pottery square" total
of 4.
Blister, spots and exposed 1 in one "pottery square",
body total of 3, 5 mm size after
repair
Pinholes 3.2 mm without repair.
Table 5 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B water closet, bowls, bidets,
urinals and pedestal legs
General Wavy finish 25 cm2

Warpage
a) water closets and bidets
1) foot/wall, bow or arch 3.6 mm
2) rocker 2.4 mm
3) rim (top)
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DPNS 156:2004
front to back 13.5 mm
side to side 7.5 mm
b) other fixtures 3.2 mm
Flushing surface Spot, blisters and pinholes No segregation, total of 7. Pinholes
and blisters should be repaired. Size
after repair shall be 3.0 mm.
Bubbles and specks 7 in one "pottery square", a total of

15.
Visible surface Exposed body To be repaired if not more than 1 in
one "pottery square", total of 2 per
viewing plane, maximum of 5. Size
after repair shall be 3.0 mm and 7
mm on the foot.
Bubbles and specks 7 in one "pottery square", total of

15.
Table 6 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B close coupled tanks and covers
Location Blemishes and defects Maximum permitted

General Warpage 5 mm (tank)
2.4 mm (back cover)
Wavy finish 25 cm2

Visible Surface Bubbles and specks 5 in one "pottery square" a
total of 15.
Cover Warpage, wavy finish, spots, not more than 50%
blisters and pinholes, bubbles
and specks
Table 7 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B lavatories

General Warpage Warpage of slabs out of
horizontal plane not to exceed 9
mm on all sizes,* warpage of
backs of lavatories which are
attached to the wall not to
exceed 5 mm.
self rimming lavatories 5 mm at any point.
Service space top slabs, Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation, a total of 3.
inside of basin and front
of apron Bubbles and specks No segregation, a total of 6.
Polishing mark 2 only
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DPNS 156:2004
Face of integral back and Spots, blisters and pinholes 2 on back or either side, a total
sides of 5.

*Depending on the design if applicable.
5 General requirements
5.1 Materials
Sanitary wares made of vitreous china or other materials shall meet the absorption and crazing
requirements as specified in items 5.4 and 5.5, respectively.
5.2 Thickness, dimensions and tolerances
The main fixture body shall not be less than 6 mm thick and the support braces shall not be
less than 3 mm. thick. Fixtures shall conform to the applicable dimensions given in the
standard. Where not otherwise indicated a tolerance of  5% shall apply. Maximum and
minimum dimensions shall not be subjected to a tolerance beyond the limits given.
5.3 Glazed surfaces
The glaze shall be thoroughly fused to the fixture body. All exposed surfaces shall be glazed
except those coming in contact with walls or floors and as follows:
a) On lavatories set away from walls.
- Those portions of rear aprons which support the fixture in kilns.
- On back of overflow and underside of outlet bosses/drain.
b) Insides, back and undersides of water closet tanks.
c) Undersides and back of covers.
d) Undersides of drop in lavatories.
e) Back sides of lavatory legs or pedestal.
f) Undersides of flushing rim of water closets and urinals.
Other fixtures may have unglazed portions at points where supported in the kilns but such
unglazed surface shall be located so as not to be visible when the fixture is installed in the
normal manner. The inside of trapways of water closet bowls and urinals maybe glazed. A
matter or satin finish shall be acceptable, if it is part of the decorative treatment.
5.4 Absorption
The average absorption, when determined in accordance with Annex B.1 shall not exceed
0.5%.
5.5 Crazing
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DPNS 156:2004
After the test in Annex B.2, no crazing shall be permissible.
5.6 Color
Sanitary wares may be made white and in any other colors. The shade or tint of each color
shall be determined by the individual manufacturer. It is recognized that differences in
manufacturing conditions, base materials and lighting, produce minor variations in color which
are commercially acceptable and shall not be caused for rejection.
5.7 Evaluation of surface finish
a) Inspectors shall measure or count any blemishes only in case of doubt, since in
practice, dimensional limits and numbers can be readily gauged by eye.
b) Ware shall be examined for minor blemishes with the eye of the observer about 600
mm from the ware. The light source shall be partially diffused daylight supplemented if
necessary with diffused artificial light, given an illumination intensity near the surface
to be inspected at a minimum of 1076 lux.
c) Blemishes such as crazes, dull or egg shell finishes, dunt, fire check, large blisters and
projection shall not be allowed on all fixtures. No unglazed bodies shall be allowed on
the flushing surface and/or visible surface of fixture being inspected.
5.8 Hydraulic performance
Water closets and urinals shall conform to the performance requirements of PNS 993.
5.9 Trap seal
The depth of seal for integral traps in all water closets and urinals shall not be less than 50 mm
except where greater minimum depth are specified therein for certain fixtures. Trap seal depth
for pail flush bowl shall not be less than 38 mm. For squat bowls with integral trap, depth of
trap seal shall not be less than 6 mm.
5.10 Water surface area and trapway diameter
5.10.1 Water closets
A water closet bowl shall have a minimum water surface area of 203 mm x 178 mm and the
trapway shall pass a 38 mm minimum diameter solid ball except where lesser or greater water
surfaces or larger diameter ball sizes are specified for certain fixture types in Annex A.1.2.
However, for low water consumption water closet, it shall have a minimum water surface area
of 127 mm x 95 mm and the trapway shall pass a 38 mm minimum diameter solid ball.
5.10.2 Urinals
Urinals shall have a trapway which shall pass a 19 mm minimum diameter ball except where
larger diameters are specified for certain fixture type.
5.11 Overflows and punchings
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DPNS 156:2004
5.11.1 Overflows - Lavatory overflows chamber shall have either a minimum cross-sectional
area not less than 737 mm2 or shall have a minimum flow capacity of 11.4 liters/minute when
tested in accordance with Annex B.5. The location of the overflow shall be optional. When
tested in accordance with Annex B.5, the fixture shall drain for 5 minutes without overflowing.
5.11.2 Punchings - When fittings are not provided with the fixture, lavatory supply and outlet
punchings shall conform to Figure 5.
5.12 Flushing devices
All flushing devices shall deliver water at a sufficient volume and velocity to permit the water
closet bowl or urinal to meet the performance requirements of this standard. Such devices
shall insure proper backflow protection in accordance with industry standards.
Gravity tanks, pressurized flushing devices and other flushing methods shall be permitted.
Such devices shall insure proper backflow protection in accordance with industry standards.
Air gaps, vacuum breakers and other backflow preventers shall be installed above the flood
level of the fixture or device, or positive spill openings to the outside of flush tank shall be
provided to maintain the required clearances for backflow prevention.
5.12.1 Gravity flush tank - Trimmed gravity type tanks shall include an antisiphon fill valve
(ball cock) conforming to PNS 237. Each tank shall have provision for overflow. The critical
level mark on the fill valve or ball cock shall be a minimum of 25 mm above overflow in the
tank unless otherwise specified as anti-back siphon. Water closet tank punching details are
shown in Figure 6.
5.12.2 Pressurized flushing devices - Two general types maybe provided: Flushometer valve
and flushometer tanks as defined in Clause 3.
The critical level of the lowest anti-siphon device within a flushometer tank activated unit shall
be a minimum 25 mm above the spill level of the outer enclosure.
5.12. Critical level on low tank water closet - Where the critical level (C/L) of the fill valve
(ball cock) in low tank water closets is below the flood level of the bowl, positive auxiliary
spill openings shall be provided so that water in tank will exit to the floor if the overflow is
clogged or if the trap is blocked. The size and position of this spill opening shall be such that
with the fill valve (ball cock) at the full open position and the water pressure at the code
maximum, no water shall rise to the C/L of the fill valve (ball cock).
5.13 Spud sizes (Inlet spud)
The standard sizes for spuds on water closet bowls and urinal are as follows:
a) 38 mm for water closet operated by flushometers.

b) 50 mm for water closet operated by flush tank
c) For urinals refer to Tables 8 and 9
Table 8 - Spud sizes and passageways for urinals
Urinals Inlet spud Outlet spud Ball size

(mm - IPS)* (mm - IPS)* (min. dia. - mm)
Stall 19 see figure 22 details -
Blowout 32 or 38 50 or 75 19
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DPNS 156:2004
Siphon-Jet 19 or 32 50 22
Washout 19 38 or 50 22
*IPS - internal pipe size
Table 9 - Minimum urinal dimensions
A B C D
Type Interior Interior Interior depth Projection
width height w/o shields w/ shields Reg. Ext. Lip
Wall mounted type 216 mm 191 mm 76 mm 178 mm 152 mm 203 mm
Satll type 305 mm 813 mm 76 mm 178 mm 152 mm 203 mm
NOTE A and C to be measured half way between the top and bottom of the interior opening
Figure 1A - Urinal
5.14 Outlet/mounting
5.14.1 Floor-mounted, floor outlet - The outlets of all floor mounted, floor outlet water
closet bowls shall conform to the dimensions shown in figure 1B. Other connection as
specified by the manufacturers maybe used provided the connection conforms to the floor-
mounted roughing-in of the water closet.
5.14.2 Floor-mounted, back outlet - The outlets of floor mounted, back outlet water closet
bowls shall conform to the dimensions shown in figures 2b and 2c. Typical floor mounted floor
outlet and back outlet designs are shown in figure 3. Other connection design are allowed
provided the design gives a water tight connection to the waste pipe.
5.14.3 Wall-mounted - The outlets of wall mounted water closet bowls shall conform to the
dimensions shown in figures 2a and 2d. Any other optional wall carrier is acceptable provided
the center to center distance, between flange, bolt holes and the depth of horn of the water
closet conform to figure 3.
5.15 Figures
5.15.1 Figures 1-38 are shown to identify the various fixtures and for locating dimensions. The
illustrations are not intended to indicate standard or required designs and manufacturer's
dimensions specifications shall take precedence.
12
DPNS 156:2004
5.15.2 Figures 1-6 are normative figures except Figure 5(d) which is informative figure only.
5.15.3 Figures 7-38 are all informative figures.
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DPNS 156:2004
13 mm to 20 mm
95 mm dia. Finished
Floor line
184 mm dia.
184 mm min. dia.
152 mm
Sizes range from
19 x 11 mm to 25 x 13 mm
or holes 16 mm dia.
Notes: The illustration is not intended to restrict design of the bowl base provided dimensions
critical to interchangeability are maintained.
Figure 1B – Typical outlet for floor-mounted bottom-outlet water closets
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DPNS 156:2004
13 mm to 20 mm 13 mm to 20 mm
185 mm
95 mm
95 mm
140 max. dia.
max. dia.
mm
32 mm
(A) Wall-mounted rear-outlet (B) Floor-mounted rear-outlet

water closet bowl water closet bowl
102 mm 102 mm 135 mm
190 mm
(C) Floor-mounted rear-spigot-outlet (D) Wall-mounted rear-outlet

water closet bowl wash down bowl
Figure 2 – Typical outlet details for rear-outlet and rear-spigot-outlet water closet bowl
15
DPNS 156:2004
176 mm
230 mm 115 mm 115 mm or
226 mm
190 mm 160 mm
3-A 3-B 3-C

Siphonic type Blowout type Washdown type
4 Holes 3 Holes 2 Holes
Figure 3 – Typical bolt hole spacing for wall-mounted water closets
14 ± 1.5 mm dia - not counter

sunk
140 mm
38 mm or 31 mm
Top of bowl
Finished wall
57 mm Centerline of spud
6 mm to 16 mm min to max
(Exclusive of glaze)
(Seat bolt holes)
Allow space for

25 mm washer
under ledge
Centerline of outlet
254 - 305 - 356 Finished floor
Figure 4 – Roughing-in and seat bolt hole requirements for floor outlet water closets
16
DPNS 156:2004
31 mm min. dia.
28 mm min. dia. 38 mm max. dia.
35 mm max. dia.
51 mm max.
204 mm
(B) Punchings for separate

(A) Punchings for centerset
faucets and combination
supply fittings
supply fittings
31 mm min. dia.
38 mm max. dia.
64 mm
51 mm max.
51 mm ± 6 mm
44 mm
(D) Lavatory and bidet

(C) Punchings for centerset hole only outlet detail
supply fitting
Figure 5 – Lavatory and bidet supply punchings and outlet details
Fill valve opening Flush valve opening

28.5 mm dia. 60 to 70 mm dia.
Top view
Note: Fill valve opening shall be allowed on either side of

Alternative flush valve hole sizes and locations shall be permitted
Figure 6 – Closed coupled and wall mounted gravity type water closet tanks
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DPNS 156:2004
273 mm r
419 mm
470 mm
343 mm
165 mm
121 mm r
356 mm
Regular
356 mm
Elongated
Figure 7 – Typical top contour for water closet bowls
Elongated
Finished wall Elongated
Finished wall
Round front
(Regular rim) Round front
(Regular rim)
Centerline of
outlet per manufacturers
roughing-in specification Finished floor
Finished floor
254 – 305 - 356
Figure 8 – Close-coupled water closet Figure 9 – Floor-mounted close-coupled water closet
17
28 mm min. dia. 31 mm min. dia.
35 mm max. dia. 38 mm max. dia.
DPNS 156:2004
273m r
51 mm max. Centerline of supply
419 mm
343 mm 470 mm
204 mm
102 mm
165 mm
(A) Punchings for centerset 121 mm r (B) Punchings for separate

suppoly fittings faucets and combination
356 mm supply fittings
Regular
356 mm
Elongated
31 mm min. dia.
38 mm max. dia.
Finished wall
Figure 7 - Typical top contour for water closet bowls
64 mm
Finished wall
51 mm
51 mm ± 6 mm
44 mm
57 mm min.
(C) Punchings for centerset hole only (D) Lavatory and bidet
supply fitting outlet detail
Figure 5 - Lavatory and bidet supply punchings and outlet details

Elongated
Finished wall Elongated
Fill valve opening Finished wall

Flush valve opening
28.5 mmRound
dia.front Finished floor 60 to 70 mm dia.
(Regular rim) Round front
Centerline of (Regular rim)
outlet
Top view
Note: Fill valve opening shall be allowed on either side of

Alternative flush valve hole sizes and locations shall be permitted.
Centerline of Note: Where seat is fastened to tank, spacing between bolt-hole centers shall be 178 mm 254 mm
Outlet per manufacturers Tank height shall be optional. or
Finished floor
Roughing-in specification Finished floor Finished floor
Centerline of 305 mm
Figure 6 - Closed coupled and wall mounted245 gravity
- 305 - type water closet tanks
356 outlet
Figure 10 – One piece water closet
Figure 8 - Close-coupled water closet Figure 11 – Top-inlet water closet for flushometer valve
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DPNS 156:2004
Finished wall
(See note)
CL
102 to 175 mm
(See note)
787 to 864 mm
China leg optional
Finished
floor
Note: Supply punchings and outlet shall be as shown in figure 5
Figure 12 – Lavatories with back
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DPNS 156:2004
(See note) Finished wall (See note) Finished wall (See note) Finished wall
787 to 864 mm 787 to 864 mm

787 to 864 mm
Legs optional
Legs optional (recommended
Legs optional
(recommended for size
(recommended
for size 610 x 508 mm)
for size Finished
Finished 610 x 508 mm)
610 x 508 mm) floor Finished
floor floor
Figure 13 – Ledge-back lavatories Figure 14 – Shelf-back lavatories Figure 15 – Slab-back lavatories
20
DPNS 156:2004
(See note)
457 or 483 mm
508 mm
Rectangular
(See note)
(See note)
Common sizes, mm
457 mm
Round L W
558 483
533 483
483 406
(See note)
Note: Supply punchings and outlet shall be as Note: Supply punchings and outlet shall be as
shown in figure 5 shown in figure 5
Figure 16 – Flat rim lavatories Figure 17 – Rectangular self-rimming lavatory
22
DPNS 156:2004
(See note)
330 mm 533 mm
Note: Supply openings and outlets

as shown in figure 5
Figure 18 – Self-rimming lavatory - rectangular
Common sizes, mm
508 x 432
483 x 406
(See note) Note: Supply openings and outlets

Figure 19 – Self-rimming lavatory - oval
(See note)
Note: Supply openings and outlets
Common sizes, mm
457 dia.
483 dia.
Figure 20 – Self-rimming lavatory - round
Common sizes, mm
508 x 432
483 x 406
23
Note:
Note: Supply
Supply openings
openings andand outlets
outlets
Note:
as Supply
shown openings
in figure 5and outlets
Figure 19 - Self-rimming
18 (See lavatory - oval as shown
rectangular
(See note) in figure
as shown 5
in figure 5
note)
DPNS 156:2004
57 to 89 mm min.
Finished wall line 216 mm 114 mm min.
416 mm max.
89 mm
Detail of outlet
457 mm 19 mm
1067 mm
76 mm min.
102 mm
See note (2) Note: Front shall be either straight or sloped
Note: (1) Faucet hole size and location, as

determined by manufacturer
(2) Outlet as shown in figure 5
Figure 21 – Corner lavatory Figure 22 – Stall urinal
24
DPNS 156:2004
31 mm spud Finished wall

Centerline
of spud
57 mm min.
457 mm
203 mm
470 mm
318 mm
Outlet
51 IPS
286 mm
Figure 23 – Wall-mounted blowout urinal with extended shields
Finished wall
508 to 533 mm
Centerline
356 mm of spud
57 mm min.
31 mm or 38 mm
Spud
Outlet
51 mm IPS
Figure 24 – Wall-mounted blowout urinal
25
DPNS 156:2004
Finished wall
19 or 31 mm spud Finished wall
Centerline
19 mm or 31 mm spud of spud
Centerline
57 mm min.
of spud
57 mm min.
457 mm 610 mm 203 mm

470 mm
318 mm
Outlet
Outlet 51 mm IPS
51 mm IPS
298 mm
416 mm 286 mm
Figure
Figure 2527 – Wall-mounted
– Wall-mounted washout urinal
siphon-jet urinal with
with extended
extended shields
shields
Finished wall
Finished wall
330 mm
318 mm
Centerline
Centerline
318 mm min.
318 mm ofspud
spud
of
57
57 mmmmmin.
min.
19 31
mm mm spud
spud
432 mm to 483 mm
Outlet
51 mm IPSA
38 mm spud
Figure 26 – Wall-mounted siphon-jet urinal
Figure 28 – Wall-mounted washout urinal with bottom outlet
26
DPNS 156:2004
Finished wall
381 mm
305 mm 318 mm
Note: All dimensions shown are minimums
Figure 29 – Drinking fountain with splash-back
Finished wall
102 mm
165 mm
648 mm
178 mm
356 mm
Figure 30 – Drinking fountain, semi-recessed
28
DPNS 156:2004
Finished wall
229 mm
737 mm
178 mm
406 mm
Figure 31 – Drinking fountain, recessed
When holes are provided

punchings shall be as shown
203 mm
with back
203 mm
102 mm
406 to 457 mm inside
305 mm 457 to 508 mm

inside inside Finished wall
254 mm
686 to 737 mm
330 to 368 mm
Finished floor
Figure 32 – Service sink
29
DPNS 156:2004
A
B Nominal dimensions
A - 689 mm
B - 584 mm
C - 610 mm
D - 368 mm
C
Figure 33 – Perineal (Sitz) bath
(See note)
330 mm to 406 mm
533 mm to 610 mm
356 mm to 406 mm
Finished floor
Varies with trim
Note: Supply punchings and outlet as shown in figure 5
Figure 34 – Bidet
30
DPNS 156:2004
Parallel red mark denote seconds
Figure 35 – Location and character of marking for seconds
31
DPNS 156:2004
395 mm min. 480 mm min.
333 mm min. 295 mm min.
Finished wall line
310 mm 240 mm Finished floor line

min.
of outlet
430 mm max.
Figure 36 – Pail flush bowl Figure 37 – Squat bowl
183 mm of outlet
600 mm min.
Figure 38 – Squat bowl with integral flushing rim
32
DPNS 156:2004
6 Marking and labeling
6.1 Permanent marking – Each fixture shall be plainly and permanently marked for
identification with the model number or brand name at the bottom or unglazed portion of each
fixture. The manufacturer's name or trademark or in the case of private labeling of the
customer for whom the unit was manufactured shall be legible, readily identified and applied
so as to be permanent, and shall be located so as to be visible after the fixture is installed,
except for pedestal legs and fixtures built into or for a counter or cabinet.
6.2 Additional marking – Each fixture shall be with a gummed label (or any adhesive
materials) placed in a visible location and with the following information:
a) Registered trade name or brand name
b) Duly registered trademark
c) Address of the manufacturer or importer
e) Country of manufacturer, if imported
f) If manufactured under license from a principal, the label shall state so
g) Grade of the product
h) If for handicapped or juvenile, the label shall state so.
6.3 Grade B – All grade B wares shall be indelibly marked by the manufacturer with 2
parallel lines cut through the glaze into the body of the ware at the location shown in figure
35. The cuts shall be filled with a bright red permanent marking which is resistant to the action
of hot water. Manufacturers name, trademark, or private name or trademark shall be
permanently placed on the fixture as describe in 6.1.
6.4 Water consumption labels
6.4.1 Water closets – Water closet bowls and tanks shall be labelled in accordance with its
consumption classification and the average water consumption in litres for that classification.
The fixture label shall be intended for removal by end user only, and so state on the label. The
minimum wording on the label as follows:
"This fixture conforms to PNS 156 test procedure as a (conventional, water saving or,
low consumption) water closet with an average consumption per flush of (more than
13.3 L, 13.3 L or less, 6.0 L or less)."
6.4.2 Urinals – Urinals shall be labelled in accordance with its consumption classification
and the average water consumption in litres for that classification. The fixture label shall be
intended for removal by the end user only and so stated on the label. The minimum wording of
the label shall be as follows:
"This fixture conforms to PNS 156 test procedure as a conventional water saving or
low consumption) urinal with an average consumption per flush of (more than 5.7 L,
5.7 or less, 3.8 L or less)."
33
DPNS 156:2004
6.5 Water line mark – All water closet tanks shall be visible and permanently marked with
its WATER LINE level inside the tank.
34
DPNS 156:2004
Annex A
Types and styles of fixture
This section defines common industry technology concerning fixture styles and types; these
descriptions only define these terms and shall not preclude other styles and types which satisfy
all the requirements of the standard.
A.1 Water closet
A.1.1 Styles
a) Close coupled water closet – Water closet bowl with separate gravity - type tank or
flushometer tank secured to and supported by the water closet bowl, and with a
separate tank cover.
b) Wall mounted tank water closets – Water closet bowl for flushometer-valve and for
separate gravity tank or flushometer tank secured to the wall.
c) One-piece water closet – A single piece water closet with a gravity type flushometer
tank cover.
d) Flushometer valve water closet – Water closet designed for use with a flushometer
valve.
e) Floor-mounted water closet – A water closet with a wall mounted gravity tank with
connecting flush pipe to the bowl to the floor-mounted bowl either wall or floor outlet.
A.1.2 Bowl types
a) Siphon jet water closet
A water closet having a siphonic trapway at the rear of the bowl, and integral flushing
rim and jet. It shall have the following minimum dimensions:
Water surface 305 mm x 254 mm

Trapway ball pass 50 mm diameter
Trap seal depth 76 mm
b) Reverse trap water closet
A water closet bowl having a siphonic trapway at the rear of the bowl and integral
flushing rim and jet. It shall have the following minimum dimensions:

c) Blowout water closet
35
DPNS 156:2004
A water closet bowl having a trapway at the rear of the bowl and integral flushing rim
and jet. It shall have the following minimum dimensions:

d) Siphon vortex water closet - low silhouette
A water closet having a trapway at the rear of the bowl and integral flushing rim and a
water supply system with or without a jet which does not feed directly into the trap. It
shall have the following dimensions:

Trapway ball pass 50 mm
e) Washdown water closet
A water closet having a trapway at the front of the bowl and an integral flushing rim. It
shall have the following minimum dimensions:

Trapway seal depth 64 mm
f) Siphonic wash down water closet - A water closet having a trapway at the rear of the
bowl and integral flushing rim and jet. It shall have the following minimum dimensions:
Water surface 127 x 102 mm

A.1.3 Top contour
Water closet may have regular rim or elongated rim top contours. The top contour in Figure 7
are suggested.
A.1.4 Water consumption in water closets
a) Conventional water closet – A water closet having an average water consumption

(total flush volume) of more than 13.3 litres over the range of test pressures as
specified for each water closet.
b) Water saving water closet – A water closet having an average water consumption (total
flush volume) greater than 6.0 litres and less than or equal to 13.3 litres over the range
of test pressure specified for each closet type and not exceeding 15.1 litres at any one
test pressure (based upon average values from the three run test sets as determined).
36
DPNS 156:2004
c) Low consumption water closet – A water closet having an average water consumption
(total flush volume) less than or equal to 6.0 liters over the range of test pressures
specified for each closet type and not exceeding 7.6 litres at any one test pressure
(based upon average values from the three run test sets as determined.
d) Low consumption dual flush water closet – A water closet providing two flush volume
option. Full flush having a total flush volume less than or equal to six litres and half
flush having a total flush volume less than or equal to 3.5 litres.
A.2 Lavatories
A.2.1 Lavatory types
Common types A B
a) Lavatories w/back S 460 390
(see figure 12) M 510 460
L 610 540
b) Ledge back lavatories S 490 440
L 610 510
c) Shelf back lavatories S 490 440
L 610 510
d) Slab type lavatories S 430 350
L 710 580
e) Flat rim lavatories
Rectangular L 490 diameter
Round M 480 420
Oval L 560 430
f) Self rimming lavatories
(see figure 17, 18, 19,20)
Rectangular M 490 410
L 560 490
Oval M 490 410
L 620 520
Round 490 diameter
g) Corner lavatories with shelf back
(see figure 21) 450 450
Remarks:
1. Lavatories maybe of any geometric shapes, where the size A-B stands for the
maximum size of the horizontal projection drawing.
2. Faucet holes shall be located on top of slab of shelf back.
3. Wall bracket or lug bolt shall be required when lavatory is supported by vitreous china
or metal legs.
37
DPNS 156:2004
4. Faucet fitting face shall not be lower than the overflow brim.
A.3 Urinals
A.3.1 Urinal types
a) Stall urinal (see Figure 22)
Fixture shall have either straight of sloped front and integral flush spreader.
b) Wall-mounted siphon jet urinal with extended shields (see Figure 25)
Fixture shall have integral flush spreader, top inlet, siphon trapway with jet and
extended shields.
c) Wall-mounted siphon jet urinal (see Figure 26)
Fixture shall have integral flush spreader, top inlet and siphon trapway with jet all
moulded in the ware.
d) Wall-mounted blowout urinal with extended shields (see Figure 23)
Fixture shall have integral flush spreader, jet, open trapway and extended shields all
moulded in the ware.
e) Wall-mounted blowout urinals (see Figure 24)
Fixture shall have integral flushing rim and trap all molded in the ware.
f) Wall-mounted washout urinal with extended shields (see Figure 27).
Fixture shall have extended shields molded in the ware and may have either a separate,
removable strainer or an open trapway.
g) Wall-mounted washout urinal with bottom outlet (see Figure 28)
Fixture shall have top inlet, bottom outlet either a flushing rim or a flush spreader and
a separate strainer, integral strainer; or open trapway.
A.3. 2 Water consumption in urinals
a) Conventional urinal – A urinal having an average water consumption (total flush

volume) Exceeding 5.7 litres over the range of test pressures as determined.,
b) Water saving urinal – A urinal having an average water consumption (total flush
volume) less than or equal to 5.7 litres over the range of test pressures as determined.
c) Low consumption urinal – A urinal having an average water consumption (total flush
volume) less than or equal to 3.8 litres over the range of test pressures as specified.
A.4 Bidets (pedestal, floor mounted, wall outlet) see Figure 34
38
DPNS 156:2004
Fixture shall have a rim height of 356 mm to 406 mm, a variable rough-in based upon fitting
used, and a 32 mm waste. Bidet fittings may be either wall or deck mounted. Bidet maybe
finished with or without the following features: transfer valve, overflow, spray or washing rim.
A.5 Other types of bowls
A.5.1 Pail flush bowl
A single piece floor standing, bottom outlet; designed for pail flushing.
A.5.2 Pail flush squat bowl
A single piece self rimming squat bowl with an integral trapway; designed for pail flushing.
A.5.3 Washdown squat bowl
A single piece self rimming squat bowl with an integral flushing rim and exposed inlet moded
in the body; with a separate trapway either P-trap or S-trap; and a separate gravity type tank
designed for low level or high level tank installation.
A.5.4 Drinking fountains
Drinking fountains shall have an integral bowls with beveled or rounded corners or edges and
be designed for minimal splashing of water. Fixture shall be permitted to have integral
strainers.
The nozzle head base shall be above the level of the overflow point of bowl rim. Drinking
fountain shall comply with the applicable requirement of ASME A 112.18.1 M and ANSI/ARI
1010.
Annex B
Test methods
B.1 Absorption
The boiling method, as described below, shall be used.
B.1.1 The test sample shall be three fragments taken from representative part of the fixture.
Each fragment shall at least have approximately 30 cm2 of surface area and a thickness of not
more than 15 mm. The piece shall be dried to constant mass at minimum 110°C ± 5°C and
shall then be stored in a dessicator until cooled to room temperature. After reaching room
temperature, each specimen shall be weighed on a balance to an accuracy of 0.1 gram.
B.1.2 The weighed pieces shall then be placed in distilled water in a suitable vessels,
supported so that they shall not be in contact with the heated bottom of the container and
39
DPNS 156:2004
boiled for two hours. They shall then be allowed to remain in the water for 20 hours, then each
is dried slightly with a damp towel to remove excess water, and reweighed to an accuracy of
0.1 gram.
B.1.3 The absorption shall be reported as a percentage of the mass of the dried sample. The
percentage for each test piece is obtained by dividing the mass of the water absorbed in grams
by the dry mass and multiplying by 100.
B.2 Crazing – A test specimen not more than 15 mm thick shall be suspended in a solution
of equal portions, by mass of anhydrous calcium chloride and water and then boiled at a
constant temperature of 110°C ± 5°C for 1½ hours. It shall then be removed and immediately
plunged into an ice water bath at 2°C to 4°C, until chilled. The specimen shall be soaked for
12 hours in a 1% solution of methylene blue dye after which it shall be examined for craze
lines as indicated by penetration of the blue dye.
B.3 Method of determining warpage – The fixture shall be placed on a flat surface so as
to ascertain the amount of deviation from the horizontal plane that exist at the edges of the
fixture. If a feeler gauge of thickness equal to the total allowable warpage will not slide under
the fixture without forcing, the fixture satisfactorily comes within the warpage limitations. If
the fixture will rock on two opposite corners, the horizontal ,plane shall be determined by
placing one feeler gauge, as thick as the total warpage allowed, under a corner that does not
touch the plane and then forcing the fixture down on this gauge. If a second feeler gauge of
the same thickness will not slide under the fixture at any point, the fixture is not warped out of
horizontal plane by more than the specified tolerance, and satisfactorily comes within the
warpage limitations.
B.4 Load test (Wall-mounted products) – All units to be tested shall be installed on the
hanger, when supplied by the manufacturer, or shall be firmly affixed to a solid test stand in
accordance with manufacturers instructions. In all cases, the test fixtures shall withstand the
full test load for 10 minutes without failure or any visible structural damage.
B.4.1 Wall-mounted urinals – Urinals shall withstand an applied vertical load of about
22.7 kg on top of the surface of the front of the fixture lip.
B.4.2 Water closets and bidets – If intended for use with a seat, fasten a molded plastic seat
with bumpers to the fixture. Place 2 steel channels 75 mm in depth and approximately 50 mm
long back to back and spaced 75 mm apart. Fillet weld 6 mm steel plate of convenient size to
the top flange of the channels. Place the channel across the closet seat or bidet surface and
center them at a distance of 254 mm for regular bowls and 305 mm for elongated bowls
measured normal to the center line across seat bolt holes. Apply a load of 136 kg including the
weight of the channels and plate. Test wall mounted units with support fixture exposed for
examination.
B.4.3 Wall-mounted lavatories – Lavatories shall withstand an applied vertical load of

113.4 kg on the top surface on the front of the fixture rim.
B.5 Lavatory overflow test – The lavatory overflow test shall be installed in a stand with a
pop-up waste fitting. The rate of water supply shall be adjusted to 11.4 litres/minute. The
waste outlet shall be closed. The elapsed time from the onset of water flowing into the
overflow opening until the water begins to overflow the flood level shall be measured.
40
DPNS 156:2004
Annex C
Recommendations
C.1 Control (stops) valve
It is recommended that control (stop) valves be installed with every fixture as a means of
regulating or stopping the flow of water to fixture fitting. This facilitates servicing of fittings
such as the replacement of faucet washers, o-rings, plunger and others.
C.2 Water pressure
For the safe efficient operation, it is recommended that static pressures at plumbing fixture
shall not be less than 140 kPa (20 psi) for gravity tank type closets; not less than 240 kPa (35
psi) for blowout type flushometer/valve activated closets; or less than 170 kPa (25 psi) for
siphonic type flushometer closets. Follow manufacturer’s specifications for one-piece (siphon-
vortex) closets. Water pressure shall not be more than 550 kPa (80 psi).
41

PNS 156 Sanitary Wares

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DPNS 156:2004

Sanitary wares - Specification

5 Labatory and bidet supply punchings

1 Scope and purposes

PNS 237:2000 Water closet tank fittings - Specification

PNS 993:2000 Water closets and urinals - Hydraulic requirements

For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply:

Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted

General Wavy finish 25 cm2

Bubbles and specks 2 in one “pottery square”, a

Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted

General Warpage 3.2 mm (tank)

Table 3 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade A lavatories

Location Blemishes or defect Maximum permitted

General Warpage Warpage of slab out of horizontal

Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted

Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted

General Wavy finish 25 cm2

Bubbles and specks 7 in one "pottery square", a total of

Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation, a total of 7.

Bubbles and specks 7 in one "pottery square", total of

Location Blemishes and defects Maximum permitted

Wavy finish 25 cm2

Spots, blisters and pinholes No segregation, a total of 10.

Table 7 - Maximum allowable blemishes for grade B lavatories

Location Blemishes or defects Maximum permitted

Polishing mark 2 only

Bubbles and specks No segregation, a total of 6.

5.2 Thickness, dimensions and tolerances

5.3 Glazed surfaces

a) On lavatories set away from walls.

- Those portions of rear aprons which support the fixture in kilns.

- On back of overflow and underside of outlet bosses/drain.

b) Insides, back and undersides of water closet tanks.

c) Undersides and back of covers.

d) Undersides of drop in lavatories.

e) Back sides of lavatory legs or pedestal.

f) Undersides of flushing rim of water closets and urinals.

After the test in Annex B.2, no crazing shall be permissible.

5.7 Evaluation of surface finish

5.8 Hydraulic performance

5.9 Trap seal

5.10 Water surface area and trapway diameter

5.10.1 Water closets

5.11 Overflows and punchings

5.12 Flushing devices

5.13 Spud sizes (Inlet spud)

a) 38 mm for water closet operated by flushometers.

Table 8 - Spud sizes and passageways for urinals

Urinals Inlet spud Outlet spud Ball size

Table 9 - Minimum urinal dimensions

5.15.3 Figures 7-38 are all informative figures.

184 mm min. dia.

Figure 1B – Typical outlet for floor-mounted bottom-outlet water closets

(A) Wall-mounted rear-outlet (B) Floor-mounted rear-outlet

102 mm 102 mm 135 mm

(C) Floor-mounted rear-spigot-outlet (D) Wall-mounted rear-outlet

3-A 3-B 3-C

Figure 3 – Typical bolt hole spacing for wall-mounted water closets

14 ± 1.5 mm dia - not counter

Allow space for

254 - 305 - 356 Finished floor

(B) Punchings for separate

(D) Lavatory and bidet