SE ICS 27.140 P59 File No.: J360—2004 Hlectric Power Industry Standards of the People’s Republic of China P DL/T 5195 — 2004 Specification for Design of Hydraulic Tunnels Issue Date: March 9, 2004 Implementation Date: June 1, 2004 Issued by the State Development and Reform Commission, P. R. ChinaDL/ T5195 — 2004 Contents Foreword Explanatory Notes to the Wording of This Specification- Scope: Nommative References General -- Terminology Basic Data---- Arrangement of Tunnel Shape and Dimensions of Tunnel Section Hydraulic Design Basic Principles for Structural Design: Unlined and Bolt-Shotcrete Tunnels -: Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Lining - Prestressed Concrete Lining ---- High-Pressure Branch Tunnels with Reinforced Concrete Lining - 14 Design of Plugs - 15 Grouting, Seepage Control and Water Drainage 16 Monitoring, Operation and Maintenance---.. Annex A (Normative) Engineering Geology Classification of Surrounding Rock Annex B (Normative) Materials. Annex C (Informative) Head Loss Calculation for Hydraulic Tunnels - Annex D (Normative) Anti-Cavitation Design of High CaHADKHARKWNHYE Bee Ona SDL/T 5195 — 2004 Velocity Hydraulic Tunnels - Annex E (Normative) Structure Safety Class of Hydraulic Tunnels Annex F (Informative) Type and parameter of bolt-shotcrete support --~ Annex G (Normative) Calculation of Circular Pressure Tunnel Lining ~~ Annex H (Informative) Reduction coefficient of external water pressure - Annex I (Normative) Lining Calculation for Circular Non-pressure Tunnels and Non-circular Tunnels eo AL Annex J (Informative) Cracking of Concrete Lining and Its Preventive Measures--- 121DL/T 5195 — 2004 Foreword ‘This Standard was first issued in 1984 and revised in 2004. This Standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of the Technical Committee on Standardization of Hydropower and Water Resources Planning and Design, This Standard was drafted by the CHECC Chengdu Hydropower Investigation Design & Research Institute, The leading drafters of this Standard: Hao Yuanlin, Duan Lezhai, Hao Zhixian, Zhu Erong, Gu Zhaogi, Zhang Youtian, Chen Zihai, Li Zhenzhong, Yang Qiang, Chen Ping, Yao Fuhai and Hou Jianguo. The English versions of the Hydropower Investigation and Design Standards were proposed by and under the jurisdiction of the China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Co.. ‘The English version of this Standard was proposed by and under the jurisdiction of the Hydropower and Water Resources Planning and Design General Institute. It was reviewed and examined by specialists under the supervision of the China Hydropower Engineering Consulting Group Co.. The English version of this Standard was translated, reviewed and edited by Fan Youhai, Chen Mingli, Zhao Shuli and Li Kejia,DL/T 5195 — 2004 Explanatory Notes to the Wording of This Specification A. Definition In this Specification, the following words and terms shall be interpreted as indicated: (a) The word “Specification” means 4 technical Standard, a Code or a Criterion. (b) The word “Shall” is used for all contractually binding requirements, explicit obligations or determination. (c) The word “Should” is used to express a preferable, desirable but non-mandatory requirement, a probability or expectation (the equivalent of ought to). (d) The word “May” is used to express a desired, but non-mandatory requirement, or something to be permitted or allowed. (©) The word “Will” is used to express a recommendation, an intention, or a declaration of purpose. B. Note In the case of difference and discrepancy, the Chinese version of this Specification shall prevail.DL/T 5195 — 2004 1 Scope ‘This specification stipulates the design of hydraulic tunnels for new-built and rebuilt water conservancy and hydroelectric projects, This specification applies to various design stages of Grades I , Il and III hydraulic tunnels excavated in rock mass for large and middle-sized projects.DL/T 5195 — 2004 2 Normative References The following normative references contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this specification, For dated references, subsequent amendments to (excluding error corrections), or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this specification are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. GB 5223. Wire for prestressed concrete GB 50086 Specification for rockbolt and shotcrete support GB 50199 Unified design standard for reliability of hydroelectric engineering structures : GB 50287 Code for engineering geologic investigation of water conservancy and hydropower projects DL/T 5013 Design code for steel gates of water conservancy and hydroelectric projects DL/T 5057 Design code for hydraulic concrete structures DL/T 5058 Design code for surge chamber of hydropower stations DL 5073 Aseismatic design code for hydraulic structures DL5077 Design code for loads on hydraulic structures DL/T 5099 Specification for underground excavation engineering of hydraulic structures DL 5108 Design code for concrete gravity damsDL/ T5195 — 2004 DLT 5141 Specification for design of steel penstocks of hydroelectric stations DL/T 5148 Specification for cement grouting of hydraulic structures DL/T 5166 Design specification for spillways DL 5180 Classification and design safety standard of hydropower projects SD 303 Design code for intakes of hydropower stations SL212 Design code for hydraulic prestressed rockboltingDL /T 5195 — 2004 3 General 3.0.1 This specification is aimed at standardizing the design of hydraulic tunnels as per GB 50199, and making it meet the requirements for safety, applicability, technical advance and economic rationality. 3.0.2 Hydraulic tunnels shall be designed by making full use of self-stability, bearing capacity and impermeability of the surrounding rocks. 3.0.3 According to the operation requirements of hydraulic tunnels, engineering geology of surrounding rocks, hydrogeology, excavation methods and stability conditions, the reinforcing measures shall be adopted practically. For tunnel sections with particular and unfavorable topography, geological conditions, and new structure as ‘well, the technical alternatives shall be determined by calculation and field tests. 3.0.4 Stability analysis shall be carried out for surrounding rocks. For general projects, the project analogy and block equilibrium methods may be used in accordance with the geological conditions, and the finite element method should be applied to major projects. 3.0.5 This specification follows the design principles of GB 50199, that is, tunnel supports are calculated by the design expressions of Limit states with partial factors. The limit conditions of hydraulic tunnel supports may fall into the ultimate limit states and the serviceability limit states, which will be calculated and checked in design, respectively. 3.0.6 Aseismic design of hydraulic tunnels shall conform to DL 5073. 4DL /T 5195 — 2004 8.0.7 Tunnel construction alternatives shail be determined by technical and economic comparison in accordance with engineering geological and hydro-geological conditions along the tunnel alignment, as well as the tunnel length, section shape and dimensions. If tunnel boring machine (TBM) is used, the tunnel alignment, section shape, longitudinal slope and turning radius shail be adaptable to TBM performance. In application of the drilling and biasting method, the smooth blast shall be used, and its quality shall conform to DL/T 5099.DL/T 5195 — 2004 4 Terminology The following terms and definitions are applicable for this specification. 4.0.1 Hydraulic tunnel A closed passage excavated in rock (earth) body for water transferiing, power generation, irrigation, flood discharge, diversion, reservoir emptying, desilting, etc. at a water conservancy or hydroelectric project. 4.0.2 Pressure tunnel A hydraulic tunnel fulll of water and bearing water pressure. 4.0.3 Free-flow tunnel A hydraulic tunnel with free surface flow. 4.0.4 Support An engineering measure to reinforce the surrounding rocks by structures or members and materials. 4.0.5 Bolt-shotcrete support An engineering measure to reinforce the rock mass by bolts and shotcrete. 4.0.6 Temporary support The support temporarily installed for ensuring construction safety. 4.0.7 Permanent support ‘The support permanently installed for use. 4.0.8 Initial support The support installed immediately after a tunnel is excavated. 4.0.9 Secondary support ‘The support added according to the stability of surrounding rocks or 6