Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems

Introduction to information skills and systems

Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes

information systems in context
• diagrammatic representation of an information system
in context
• diagrammatically represent a given scenario that
involves an information system
Terms
1-information system= is software that helps
you organize and analyze data. This makes it
possible to answer questions and solve
problems relevant to the mission of an
organization.

2-data= the quantities, characters, or symbols

on which operations are performed by a
computer, which may be stored and
transmitted in the form of electrical signals and
recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical
recording media.

3-social and ethical issues=relates to the

issues that could arise within some cultures or
communities as a result of the project.

4-computer=a system that is capable of

receiving, processing and outputting
information.

5- Transmitting=to be able to send out or

broadcast a piece of information.

6-receiving=to be able to receive/input

information.

7-displaying= showing information on a way

that humans can understand

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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes
8-text=information displayed in a way that can
be understood by humans.

9-legal issue=an issue that could arise from

your project because it does not comply with
the law.

10-video=a display of visual images in motion.

11-prossesing= the manipulation of data by

changing in is some way.

12-organising=sorting data or information into

pre-determined categories.

13-numbers= a value, expressed by a word,

symbol, or figure, representing a particular
quantity.

14-image= representation of a person or object

through color.

15-collecting= the bringing or gathering od

pieces of information that fit a pre-
determined description.

16-storage= the action or method of storing

something for future use.

17-hardware= the machines, wiring, and other

physical components of a computer or other
electronic system.

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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes
18- format= the way in which something is
arranged or set out

19- Analyzing - Is the interpretation of data it

involves examining the data and giving
Meaning to it the data it is normally been
ordered by the users actions.

20-software= the programs and other operating

information used by a computer.

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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about:
• the environment – everything that influences and is
influenced by the information system
• the purpose – a statement identifying who the
information system is for and what it needs to achieve
• who the information system is for includes individuals
and organisations
• the information system – a set of information
processes requiring participants, data/information and
information technology built to satisfy a purpose
• information processes – computer based and non-
computer based activities
• information technology – hardware and software used
in information processes
• data – the raw material used by information processes
• information – the output displayed by an information
system
• user – a person who views or uses the information
output from an information system
• participant – a special class of user who carries out
the information processes within an information
system
information processes
• collecting – the process by which data is entered into
or captured by a computer system, including:
– deciding what data is required
– how it is sourced
– how it is encoded for entry into the system
• organising – the process by which data is structured
into a form appropriate for the use of other information
processes such as the format in which data will be
represented
• analysing – the process by which data is interpreted,
transforming it into information
• storing and retrieving – the process by which data and
information is saved and accessed later
• processing – a procedure that manipulates data and
information
Students learn to: Notes
• explain how an information system impacts on its
environment and how it in turn impacts on the
information system
• describe the environment and purpose of an
information system for a given context
• explain how a given need can be supported by an
information system
• describe an information system in terms of its purpose
• for a given scenario, identify the people who are:
– in the environment
– users of the information system
– participants in the information system
• distinguish between, and categorise, the activities
within an information system in terms of the seven
information processes
• use an existing information system to meet a simple
need
• manually step through a given information system
identifying the information process
• for a given information system, describe how the
following relate to the information processes:
– participants
– data/information
– information technology
• schematically represent the flow of data and information
through a given information system, identifying the
information processes
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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes
• transmitting and receiving – the process that sends
and receives data and information within and beyond
information systems
• displaying – the process that controls the format of
information presented to the participant or user

the nature of data and information

• data – the input to an information system
• data representation – the different types of media,
namely: • distinguish between data and information in a given
– images context
– audio • categorise data as image, audio, video, text and/or
– video numbers
– text • identify the data and the information into which it is
transformed, for a given scenario
– numbers
• information – the output which has been processed by
an information system for human understanding
• the generation of information from data via the
information processes
• identify examples of information systems that use
• how information from one information system can be information from another information system as data
data for another information system

reasons for digital data representation

• the need for quality data, including:
– accuracy
– timeliness
– accessibility
• current data digitising trends, for example:
– newspapers on the Internet • explain why information technology uses digital data
– telephone system • describe advantages and disadvantages for the digital
– video on DVD representation of data
– facsimile
– media retrieval management

social and ethical issues

 social and ethical issues arising from the processing
of information, including:
– privacy of the individual

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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes
– security of data and information
– accuracy of data and information
– data quality
– changing nature of work
– appropriate information use
– health and safety
– copyright laws
• describe social and ethical issues that relate to:
• the people affected by social and ethical issues,
– information system users
including: – participants
– participants within the information system • ensure that relevant social and ethical issues are
addressed
– users of the information system
– those in the environment • identify and explain reasons for the expansion of
information systems, including:
• the ethical and social responsibility of developers
– advances in technology
• current government legislation to protect the individual
and organisations
– suitability of information technology for repetitive
tasks
• the use of information systems in fields such as
manufacturing as well as the traditional fields of
observation and recording
• global information systems:
– where the purpose involves international
organisations, or
– where the data and processes are distributed
across national boundaries
Terminology

General notes

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 Information, Process and Technology - Introduction to information skills and systems
Students learn about: Students learn to: Notes