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FSCQ0765RT
Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPSTM) for
Quasi-Resonant Switching Converter
Features
• Optimized for Quasi-Resonant Converter (QRC) OUTPUT POWER TABLE
• Advanced Burst-Mode operation for under 1 W standby 230VAC ±15%(2) 85-265VAC
PRODUCT
power consumption Open Frame(1) Open Frame(1)
• Pulse by Pulse Current Limit (5A)
FSCQ0765RT 100 W 85 W
• Over load protection (OLP) - Auto restart
• Over voltage protection (OVP) - Auto restart FSCQ1265RT 170 W 140 W
• Abnormal Over Current Protection (AOCP) - Latch FSCQ1565RT 210 W 170 W
• Internal Thermal Shutdown (TSD) - Latch
• Under Voltage Lock Out (UVLO) with hysteresis
• Low Startup Current (typical : 25uA) Table 1. Notes: 1. Maximum practical continuous power
in an open frame design at 50°C ambient. 2. 230 VAC or
• Low Operating Current (typical : 4mA) 100/115 VAC with doubler.
• Internal High Voltage SenseFET
• Built-in Soft Start (20ms)
• Extended Quasi-resonant Switching for Wide Load Range
Typical Circuit
Application
• CTV Vo
• DVD Receiver
• Audio Power Supply
AC
IN
Description
Drain
FSCQ0765RT
In general, Quasi-Resonant Converter (QRC) shows lower
EMI and higher power conversion efficiency compared to the PWM
Sync GND
conventional hard switched converter with a fixed switching
frequency. Therefore, it is well suited for applications that are VFB Vcc
sensitive to the noise, such as color TV and audio. The
FSCQ0765RT is an integrated Pulse Width Modulation
(PWM) controller and Sense FET specifically designed for
Quasi-resonant off-line Switch Mode Power Supplies
(SMPS) with minimal external components. The PWM
controller includes integrated fixed frequency oscillator, under
voltage lockout, leading edge blanking (LEB), optimized gate
driver, internal soft start, temperature compensated precise
current sources for a loop compensation and self protection
circuitry. Compared with discrete MOSFET and PWM Figure 1. Typical Flyback Application
controller solution, it can reduce total cost, component count,
size and weight simultaneously increasing efficiency, produc-
tivity, and system reliability. This device is a basic platform
well suited for cost effective designs of Quasi resonant
switching flyback converters.
Rev.1.0.1
©2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FSCQ0765RT
Idelay PWM
FB
S Q
4
2.5R Gate
R Q
R driver
LEB
600ns
VSD
Sync
S Q
AOCP
Vovp Q S
Vcc good R Q 2 GND
Q R TSD
Vocp
Power off Reset
2
FSCQ0765RT
Pin Definitions
Pin Configuration
TO-220F-5L
5.Sync
4.Vfb
3.Vcc
2.GND
1.Drain
3
FSCQ0765RT
Notes:
1. Tj = 25°C to 150°C
2. Repetitive rating: Pulse width limited by maximum junction temperature
3. L = 21mH, VDD = 50V, RG = 25Ω, starting Tj = 25°C
4
FSCQ0765RT
Note:
1. Pulse test : Pulse width ≤ 300µS, duty ≤ 2%
5
FSCQ0765RT
Note:
1. These parameters is the current flowing in the Control IC.
2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested only in EDS (wafer test) process.
3. These parameters indicate Inductor Current.
4. These parameters, although guaranteed at the design, are not tested in mass production.
6
FSCQ0765RT
Note:
1. These parameters is the current flowing in the Control IC.
2. These parameters, although guaranteed, are tested only in EDS (wafer test) process.
3. These parameters indicate Inductor Current.
4. These parameters, although guaranteed at the design, are not tested in mass production.
7
FSCQ0765RT
Startup Current Max. 200uA Max. 50uA Lower standby power consumption
Operating supply Current Typ. 10mA Typ. 4mA Operating current is reduced in burst operation
to minimize standby power consumption
- Normal operation : 4mA
- Burst mode with switching : 4mA
- Burst mode without switching : 0.25mA
Output Voltage drop in about half Any level Lower power consumption in the standby mode
burst mode through larger output voltage drop
8
FSCQ0765RT
Electrical characteristics
Normalized to 25℃
1.2
1.0 1.0
0.8
0.8 0.6
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃ ]
1.2 1.05
1.0 1.00
0.8 0.95
0.6 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃ ]
1.05 1.05
1.00 1.00
0.95 0.95
0.90 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃]
9
FSCQ0765RT
Electrical characteristics
Normalized to 25℃
1.05 1.05
Normalized to 25℃
1.00 1.00
0.95 0.95
0.90 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ]
Temp[℃ ]
1.1
Normalized to 25℃
1.05
Normalized to 25℃
1.0 1.00
0.9 0.95
0.8 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃ ]
1.1 1.1
Normalized to 25℃
1.0 1.0
0.9 0.9
0.8 0.8
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃ ]
10
FSCQ0765RT
Electrical characteristics
1.2
Normalized to 25℃
1.2
Normalized to 25℃
1.0 1.0
0.8 0.8
0.6 0.6
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃]
1.05 1.05
Normalized to 25℃
1.00 1.00
0.95 0.95
0.90 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃] Temp[℃ ]
1.05
Normalized to 25℃
1.05
1.00 1.00
0.95 0.95
0.90 0.90
-50 0 50 100 150 -50 0 50 100 150
Temp[℃ ] Temp[℃ ]
11
FSCQ0765RT
Functional Description The minimum average of the current supplied from the AC is
given by
1. Startup : Figure 4 shows the typical startup circuit and
transformer auxiliary winding for FSCQ0765RT application.
min
Before FSCQ0765RT begins switching, FSCQ0765RT avg 2 ⋅ V ac V start 1
I sup = ----------------------------- - ⋅ ----------
- – -------------
consumes only startup current (typically 25uA) and the π 2 R str
current supplied from the AC line charges the external
capacitor (Ca1) that is connected to the Vcc pin. When Vcc
reaches start voltage of 15V (VSTART), FSCQ0765RT begins where Vacmin is the minimum input voltage, Vstart is the
switching, and the current consumed by FSCQ0765RT FSCQ0765RT start voltage (15V) and Rstr is the startup
increases to 4mA. Then, FSCQ0765RT continues its normal resistor. The startup resistor should be chosen so that Isupavg
switching operation and the power required for this device is is larger than the maximum startup current (50uA).
supplied from the transformer auxiliary winding, unless Vcc Once the resistor value is determined, the maximum loss in
drops below the stop voltage of 9V (VSTOP). To guarantee the the startup resistor is obtained as
stable operation of the control IC, Vcc has under voltage
lockout (UVLO) with 6V hysteresis. Figure 5 shows the max 2 2 max
relation between the FSCQ0765RT operating supply current 1 ( V ac ) + V start 2 2 ⋅ V start ⋅ V ac
Loss = ---------- ⋅ -------------------------------------------------- -
- – -----------------------------------------------------
and the supply voltage (Vcc). R str 2 π
C DC
2. Synchronization : FSCQ0765RT employs quasi-resonant
switching technique to minimize the switching noise and loss.
In this technique, a capacitor (Cr) is added between the
MOSFET drain and source as shown in Figure 6. The basic
1N4007
waveforms of quasi-resonant converter are shown in Figure
AC line
(V acmin - V acmax ) Isup 7. The external capacitor lowers the rising slop of drain
voltage to reduce the EMI caused when the MOSFET turns
Rstr off. In order to minimize the MOSFET switching loss, the
MOSFET should be turned on when the drain voltage reaches
Da
Vcc its minimum value as shown in Figure 7.
FSCQ0765RT
C a1 C a2
+ Np
C DC V DC
- Ns
Lm Vo
Figure 4. Startup circuit
Drain
Cr +
Ids V ds
Icc Sync
-
GND
V co Da
V cc
R cc Na
C a1 C a2 D SY
4mA
R SY1
Power Up
Power Down
C SY R SY2
25uA
Vcc
Vstop=9V Vstart=15V Vz
12
FSCQ0765RT
Vds
MOSFET MOSFET
off on
Vgs 2V R O
TQ
VRO
Vs ync
VRO V sypk
Vds
VDC
Vrh (4 .6V)
Vrf (2 .6V)
TR
Ids Ipk MOS FET Gate
ON ON
Figure 7. Quasi-resonant operation waveforms
45kHz
V co R SY2
TR = R SY2 ⋅ C SY ⋅ ln --------- ⋅ -----------------------------------
2.6 R SY1 + R SY2
T Q = π ⋅ L m ⋅ C eo
Output power
where Lm is the primary side inductance of the transformer, In general, quasi-resonant converter has a limitation in a
Ns and Na are the number of turns for the output winding and wide load range application, since the switching frequency
Vcc winding, respectively, VFo and VFa are the diode increases as the output load decreases, resulting in a severe
forward voltage drops of the output winding and Vcc switching loss in the light load condition. In order to get over
winding, respectively, and Ceo is the sum of the output this limitation, FSCQ0765RT employs extended quasi-
capacitance of MOSFET and external capacitor Cr. resonant switching operation. Figure 9 shows the mode
change between normal quasi-resonant operation and
extended quasi-resonant operation. In the normal quasi-
resonant operation, the FSCQ0765RT enters into the
extended quasi-resonant operation when the switching
frequency exceeds 90kHz as the load reduces. Then, the
MOSFET is turned on, when the drain voltage reaches the
13
FSCQ0765RT
second minimum level as shown in Figure 10, which reduces 3.2 Leading edge blanking (LEB) : At the instant the
the switching frequency. Once FSCQ0765RT enters into internal Sense FET is turned on, there usually exists a high
extended quasi-resonant operation, the first sync signal is current spike through the Sense FET, caused by external
ignored. After the first sync signal is applied, the sync resonant capacitor across the MOSFET and secondary-side
threshold levels are changed from 4.6V and 2.6V to 3V and rectifier reverse recovery. Excessive voltage across the
1.8V, respectively, and the MOSFET turn-on time is Rsense resistor would lead to incorrect feedback operation in
synchronized to the second sync signal. The FSCQ0765RT the current mode PWM control. To counter this effect, the
goes back to its normal quasi-resonant operation when the FSCQ0765RT employs a leading edge blanking (LEB)
switching frequency reaches 45kHz as the load increases. circuit. This circuit inhibits the PWM comparator for a short
time (TLEB) after the Sense FET is turned on.
Vds
Vcc Vref
2VRO
Idelay IFB
Vo Vfb SenseFET
4 OSC
H11A817A D1 D2
CB 2.5R
+ Gate
Vsync Vfb* R driver
KA431 -
4.6V
3V OLP Rsense
VSD
2.6V
1.8V
ON ON
4. Protection Circuit : The FSCQ0765RT has several self
protective functions such as over load protection (OLP),
abnormal over current protection (AOCP), over voltage
Figure 10. Extended quasi-resonant operation waveforms
protection (OVP) and thermal shutdown (TSD). OLP and
OVP are auto-restart mode protection, while TSD and AOCP
3. Feedback Control : FSCQ0765RT employs current mode are latch mode protection. Because these protection circuits
control, as shown in Figure 11. An opto-coupler (such as the are fully integrated into the IC without external components,
H11A817A) and shunt regulator (such as the KA431) are the reliability can be improved without increasing cost.
typically used to implement the feedback network. -Auto-restart mode protection: Once the fault condition is
Comparing the feedback voltage with the voltage across the detected, switching is terminated and the Sense FET remains
Rsense resistor plus an offset voltage makes it possible to off. This causes Vcc to fall. When Vcc falls down to the
control the switching duty cycle. When the reference pin under voltage lockout (UVLO) stop voltage of 9V, the
voltage of the KA431 exceeds the internal reference voltage protection is reset and FSCQ0765RT consumes only startup
of 2.5V, the H11A817A LED current increases, thus pulling current (25uA). Then, Vcc capacitor is charged up, since the
down the feedback voltage and reducing the duty cycle. This current supplied through the startup resistor is larger than the
event typically happens when the input voltage is increased current that FPS consumes. When Vcc reaches the start
or the output load is decreased. voltage of 15V, FSCQ0765RT resumes its normal operation.
3.1 Pulse-by-pulse current limit: Because current mode If the fault condition is not removed, the SenseFET remains
control is employed, the peak current through the Sense FET off and Vcc drops to stop voltage again. In this manner, the
is limited by the inverting input of PWM comparator (Vfb*) auto-restart can alternately enable and disable the switching
as shown in Figure 11. The feedback current (IFB) and of the power Sense FET until the fault condition is
internal resistors are designed so that the maximum cathode eliminated (see Figure 12).
voltage of diode D2 is about 2.8V, which occurs when all IFB -Latch mode protection: Once protection triggers,
flows through the internal resistors. Since D1 is blocked switching is terminated and the Sense FET remains off until
when the feedback voltage (Vfb) exceeds 2.8V, the the AC power line is un-plugged. Then, Vcc continues
maximum voltage of the cathode of D2 is clamped at this charging and discharging between 9V and 15V. The latch is
voltage, thus clamping Vfb*. Therefore, the peak value of reset only when Vcc is discharged to 6V by un-plugging the
the current through the Sense FET is limited. Ac power line.
14
FSCQ0765RT
2.8V
Vcc
T12= CB*(7.5-2.8)/Idelay
15V
9V T1 T2 t
Iop
4.2 Abnormal Over Current Protection (AOCP) : When
4mA
the secondary rectifier diodes or the transformer pins are
shorted, a steep current with extremely high di/dt can flow
25uA
through the SenseFET during the LEB time. Even though the
t FSCQ0765RT has OLP (Over Load Protection), it is not
Normal Fault Normal
operation situation operation enough to protect the FSCQ0765RT in that abnormal case,
Figure 12. Auto restart mode protection since sever current stress will be imposed on the SenseFET
until OLP triggers. The FSCQ0765RT has an internal AOCP
(Abnormal Over Current Protection) circuit as shown in
Figure 14. When the gate turn-on signal is applied to the
power Sense FET, the AOCP block is enabled and monitors
4.1 Over Load Protection (OLP) : Overload is defined as the current through the sensing resistor. The voltage across
the load current exceeding its normal level due to an the resistor is then compared with a preset AOCP level. If
unexpected abnormal event. In this situation, the protection the sensing resistor voltage is greater than the AOCP level,
circuit should trigger in order to protect the SMPS. However, the set signal is applied to the latch, resulting in the
even when the SMPS is in the normal operation, the over shutdown of SMPS. This protection is implemented in latch
load protection circuit can be triggered during the load mode.
transition. In order to avoid this undesired operation, the
over load protection circuit is designed to trigger after a
specified time to determine whether it is a transient situation
or an overload situation. Because of the pulse-by-pulse
2.5R
current limit capability, the maximum peak current through OSC
the Sense FET is limited, and therefore the maximum input PWM
S Q
15
FSCQ0765RT
instead of directly monitoring the output voltage. If sync VO1 (B+) Regulator
R1 + R2
= 2.5 ⋅ ---------------------
norm
V o1
R2
16
FSCQ0765RT
Vo2 norm
V o2 stby
V FB
0.4V
Iop
I OP (4m A)
I OB (0.35m A)
Vds
Burst Mode
Vds
0.9A 0.9A
Ids
(a) M ode change to Burst operation (b) Burst operation (c) M ode change to Normal operation
17
FSCQ0765RT
Features
• High efficiency (>80% at 85Vac input)
• Wider load range through the extended quasi-resonant operation
• Low standby mode power consumption (<1W)
• Low component count
• Enhanced system reliability through various protection functions
• Internal soft-start (20ms)
1. Schematic
T1 D205
E ER 3540 E GP 20D
12V , 1A
R T101 10
1
C204
5D-9
C210 1000u F
470pF 35V
C102 3 11 1k V
220uF D204
400V R 102 B E A D101 E GP 20D
150k Ω 4 18V , 0.5A
R 101 0.25W 13
B D101 C107 C205
100k Ω
R 106 C104 1nF C209 1000u F
0.25W D105
1k Ω 10u F 1k V 470pF 35V
1 1N4937 12 1k V
1W 50V
Dr ai n
S YNC D202
3 V cc IC101 5 E GP20J
ZD102 FS CQ0765R T 125V , 0.4A
D106 R 104 D103 R 103 6 14 L 202
18V GN D FB 1.5k Ω 1N4937 5.1Ω C201 B EA D C202
1N4148
1W 0.25W 0.25W 15 C207 47u F
2 4 100u F
470pF 160V 160V
16 1k V
C105
C103 C106 R 105 D203
3.9nF
10uF 47nF 470Ω 50V E GP 20D
50V 50V 0.25W 24V , 0.5A
17
7 C203
C208 1000u F
L F101 470pF 35V
18 1k V
V R 201
R 201
30k Ω
1k Ω
OP T O101 0.25W
817A ZD201
R 202 5.1V
C101 R 203 C206 R 205
1k Ω 0.5W
330n F 39k Ω 150nF 220k Ω D201
0.25W 50V R 208 SW 201
275V A C 0.25W 0.25W 1N4148 1k Ω
R 207
FU S E 0.25W
5.1k Ω
250V
C301 0.25W
3.0A Q202
2.2n F Q201 R 204 R 206
K S C945
K A 431 4.7k Ω 10k Ω
LZ 0.25W 0.25W
18
FSCQ0765RT
EER3540
1 18
N p1
N 24V
2 17 Na
N18V
3 16
N p2
N 125V/2 N125V/2
4 15
Np2
N 125V/2
5 14
N12V
6 13
N24V
N 12V
7 12 N125V/2
Na
8 11 Np1
N 18V
9 10
3.Winding Specification
4.Electrical Characteristics
19
FSCQ0765RT
20
FSCQ0765RT
7. Layout
21
FSCQ0765RT
Package Dimensions
Dimensions in Millimeters
TO-220F-5L(Forming)
22
FSCQ0765RT
Ordering Information
Product Number Package Marking Code BVdss Rds(ON) Max.
FSCQ0765RTYDTU TO-220F-5L(Forming) CQ0765RT 650V 1.6 Ω
YDTU : Forming Type
23
FSCQ0765RT
DISCLAIMER
FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY
PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY
LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER
DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS.
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