oS University Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment FINAL EXAMINATION Student ID (in Figures) Student ID (in Words) Course Code & Name : EV403 Groundwater Hydrology Semester May — August 2016 Instructor/Fxaminer/Lecturer : Ms. Chu May Yen. Duration 3 hours INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES: FIVE (5) questions set. Attempt all FIVE (5) questions. (Total 100 marks) ‘This question paper consists of 6 pages, excluding the cover page. Answers to the questions are to be written in the answer booklet. Candidates are not allowed to bring into the Examination Hall textbooks, lecture notes, files or any unauthorized materials exeept writing equipment and scientific calculator. This question paper must be submitted along with all used and/or unused rough papers and/or graph papers (if any). Candidates are NOT allowed to take any examination materials out of the examination hall Warnin; The University Examination Board of UCSI University regards cheating as a most serious offence and will not hesitate to mete out the appropriate punitive actions according to the severity of the offence committed, and in accordance with the clauses stipulated in the Students’ Handbook, up to and including expulsion from UCSI University.May- August 2016 Final Examination E¥'403 Groundwater Hydrology Qita) b) © © 2a) (b) Outline and explain the differences between a water table aquifer and a confined aquifer. (6 marks) If everything where held constant (including the hydraulic conductivity), but the porosity was increased from 0.2 to 0.4, interpret what would happen to recharge and discharge of a river? (S marks) How are confining layers subdivided and explain each of the layer. (5 marks) An unconfined aquifer with a storativity of 0.15 has an area of 125 km’, ‘The water table drops 1.25 m during a drought. How much water was lost from storage? (4 marks) A community is installing a new well in a regionally confined aquifer with a transmissivity of 1589 m*/day and a storativity of 0.0003, The planned pumping rate is 325 m*/day. There are several nearby wells tapping the same aquifer, and the project manager needs to know if the new well will cause significant interference with these wells. Compute the theoretical drawdown caused by the new well afier 30 days of continuous pumping at the following distances: 50, 150, 500, 1000, 3000, and 10,000 m, (Refer to Table I on page 4) (12 marks) Plot the distance-drawdown data from Q2(a) on a semilog paper. (8 marks) Page | of 6May-August 2016 Final Examination E¥403 Groundwater Hydrology Q3(a)_ There are three types of boundary conditions in groundwater flow name and explain any two of the condition. (4 marks) (b) For Figure Q3(b), construct @ qualitative flow net to determine if the gas spill will get into the municipal pumping well. (Atiempt this question on a separate sheet of Ground water Flow Net provided.) 01988 Dange — Mountains, e 9850 Marg Paging Wa Figure Q3(b) (16 marks) Page 2 of 6May-August 2016 Final Examination EVA03 Groundwater Hydrology QKa) () Q5@a) () A ground water has the following composition. Determine whether anhydrite will dissolve in this groundwater. Assume the temperature of the ground water to be 25°C, (Atomic weight, Ca = 40.08, Mg = 24.31, Na = 22.99, SO4 = 96.06, HCO3 = 61.01, Cl = 35.45) Ca2+ 134mg/L — HCO3 - 412 mg/L, Mg2+ 44mg/L = Cl- 34 mg/l. Nat 145mg/L — $042- 429 mg/L. i) Convert all analyses into molal concentrations (6 marks) ‘Convert analyses to meq/L. (6 marks) Find the Kiap of anhydrite (CaSO4) when activity of coefficient (y) of Ca2+ is 0.563 and $042- is 0.5347. (5 marks) {fa reversible reaction can go in either of two directions, whieh way will it 0? Discuss about law of mass action, (3 marks) A wide variety of contaminants can be found in groundwater. What is the ‘common type in Malaysia and propose a method to solve this problem. (6 marks) A landfill is leaking an effluent with a concentration of sodium of 1250 me/L. It seeps into an aquifer with a hydraulic conductivity of 9.8 m/day, a nt of 0.0040, and an effective porosity of 0.15. A down-gradient ring well is located 25 m from the landfill. Determine the sodium concentration in this monitoring well 300 days after the leak begins. Nore: In this problem you will need to find erfe(-x), which is equal to 1 + erf{). (Refer Table 2 on Page 5 for erfe(-»), value) (14 marks) END OF QUESTION PAPER Page 3 of 6May-August 2016 Final Examination EV#03 Groundwater Hydrology Table 1: Values of the function 1¥(u) for various values of u "2245 7x10* 1890 4x1 955 XW? 408 : 2768 i765 9332 335 21339 1565 6 ou 3 296 2106 1x1? BSA 84 268 mae 2 Was 8 Bae 5 2a7 20663 use 8 aH 6 250 20304 wis imate 215 war 5 1932 748 203 70256 753 75 9 se mis 7 i604 75. 1xit Las 19458 ia6 5 7m 2 13, 19089 nu 6 6a 3 0.905 18761 ia) 7 64 oe i542 Bs 8 ss 5 0560, gas 3 ne) bal 6 54 18204 mgs 1x 6337 o37 mars 2 Boi oat 95° 6 Mas 3 5239 926) i wa 7 nas 4 498 1x1 029 be vas 8 mie § am 2 019 3 sore 9 nos 6 a4 3 po13 i646 1xtoS Jose 7 4304 008 16232 4024 & 465 aot dl 16053 oa 9 au Source: L.k. Wenzel, Methods for Determining Permeability of Water-Bearing Materials with Special Reference to Discharging Well Methods. U.S. Geology Survey Water-Supply Paper 887, 1942, Page 4 of 6May-August 2016 Final Examination BY 403 Growndveter Hydrology ‘Table 2: Values of the error function of x ferf (x)] and the complementary error function of x [erfo(a)}. Note that erfe (x) = I~ erf (x) and erfe (-x) = [+ erf (x), x cxf e) 0 . 0 0.98 0.056372 12463 Page 5 of 6May-August 2016 Final Examination Equation: Hydraulic conductivity: vo. Ath k ka Pe ky Storativity: S = pgb (a+ nB) S=S3b S=S,+S,b Vw = SAAh Drawdown: rs 7-2) att : iT 4a Water Chemistry: a=ym Average Linear velocity: dh Vea * Apparent Longitudinal dynamic dispersivity a, = 0.83 (log L)*4!4 Coefficient of hydrodynamic dispersion: Di=arVx+ D* Solute concentration: CAI ef EM | earl YE ore AVE 2 2D,t D, 2yDyt Page 6 of 6 EV403 Groundwater Hydrologyvem Surduing jedan 29 ose ose° e a (cet \ oggO 00. ‘surequnoy | oO obueq ) ] Ole “om Buiduund yediowunws exp oyu! yo jum jds S26 ayy JeyjsyM eulUEJep 0} Jeu Moy AREYeNb e MedP ‘mojaq WeBEIP BY 404ag St groreren ae eee eee eee a eran gonpee nprxwareg ss fopugs pin en yhoo wear