٢٠١٨/٤/١٠ CT magnetization curves

CT magnetization curves

Figure 8a CT magnetization curves

Figure 8b CT magnetization curves

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٢٠١٨/٤/١٠ CT magnetization curves

· a Defining the knee point in a CT excitation curve according to European

standards
· b Typical excitation curves for a multi ratio class C CT (From IEEE Standard
C57.13-1978; reproduced by permission of the IEEE).

Table 4.3 Standard burdens for protection

CTs with 5 Α secondary current

Designation Resista nce Inductance Impedance Volt- Power

amps
(Ω) (mH) (Ω) factor
(at 5 A)

B-1 0.5
2.3 1.0 25 0.5
B-2 1.0 4.6 2.0 50 0.5
B-4 2.0 9.2 4.0 100 0.5
B-8 4.0 18.4 8.0 200 0.5

The errors do not exceed acceptable limits. These factors can be assessed from:
· formulae;
· CT magnetization curves;
· CT classes of accuracy.
The first two methods provide precise facts for the selection of the CT. The third only
provides a qualitative estimation. The secondary voltage Ε in Figure 4.6U has to be
determined for all three methods. If the impedance of the magnetic circuit, Xm is high,
this can be removed from the equivalent circuit with little error' giving Es=Vs and thus:

Vs=IL (ZL+ZC+ZB) (1)

Where
Vs = r.m.s. voltage induced in the secondary winding
IL =maximum secondary current in amperes;
this can be determined by dividing the maximum
Fault current on the system by the transformer
turns ratio selected
ZB = e x t e r n a l impedance connected
ZL = impedance of the secondary winding
ZC =impedance of the connecting wiring

Use of the formula

This method utilizes the fundamental transformer equation:
Vs = 4.44.f. Α. N. Bmax.1 0 -8 V (2)
Where
f =frequency in Hz,
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٢٠١٨/٤/١٠ CT magnetization curves

Α =cross-sectional area of core (cm2)

Ν =number of turns
Bmax =flux density (lines/cm2)

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