5.

1 Findings on the Effect of Fractions Website towards Achievements in Fractions

This section will address the first part of Research Question 1, which is: Does Fractions
Website has effect towards students’ achievements in fractions? This question requires analysis
of the students’ achievements in fractions after learning using the Fractions Website. Therefore,
the Pre Test and Post Test are used to measure their achievements before and after using the
website. Before using the Fractions Website, the Pre Test is administered to the sample of this
study, followed by the Post Test at the end of the implementation period. Scores from the Pre
Test and Post Test are recorded as shown in Table 5.1.

Table 5.1: Descriptive Findings of the Pre Test and Post Test Scores
Learners’ Score (%)
Identities TEST 1 TEST 3
A 60.0 45.0

B 68.0 43.0

C 70.0 88.0

D 74.0 77.0

E 90.0 56.0

F 77.0 46.0
G 44.0 47.0

H 55.0 47.0

I 33.0 46.0

J 66.0 47.0

K 77.0 78.0

L 88.0 67.0
M 89.0 56.0

N 23.0 57.0

O 34.0 66.0

P 54.0 77.0

Q 55.0 67.0
R 67.0 67.0

S 88.0 56.0

T 54.0 44.0
U 45.0 70.0
 V 46.0 78.0

W 46.0 80.0
X 68.0 84.0

Y 70.0 97.0

Z 74.0 88.0

AA 90.0 55.0

AB 77.0 66.0

AC 44.0 44.0

AD 55.0 77.0

AE 33.0 88.0

AF 66.0 78.0
AG 77.0 75.0

AH 88.0 56.0

AI 56.0 66.0
The statistical analysis is performed by using the SPSS Program with alpha 0.05 towards
the dependent variables – the scores in the Pre Test and Post Test. Then, the analysis is followed
by an item analysis of the Pre Test and Post Test answers for Active and Passive Groups,
supported by their answers in the System Effectiveness Questionnaires. The Pre Test and Post
Test both contain ratio data. Therefore, it is advised to perform the parametric test in analysing
the significance of these two variables. However, the first requirement of the parametric test is
that the data from both variables must be normal. Thus, the normality of the mean of the Pre Test
scores (PreTest) and the mean of the Post Test scores (PostTest) is tested using the Shapiro-Wilk
Test. This test was run with the following hypotheses:

a. Null hypothesis: The population is normally distributed.

b. Alternative hypothesis: The population is not normally distributed.

Table 5.2 shows that the significance of the Pre Test and Post Test are 0.175 and 0.04.
This means that both the Pre Test and Post Test are non-normally distributed (significance is
lower than 0.05). For that reason, the non-parametric test of the Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test is
used to investigate whether there is a significance difference between the Pre Test and Post Test
scores.
 Table 5.2: The Shapiro-Wilk Tests of Normality for the Pre Test and Post Test
Shapiro-Wilk

Statistic df Sig.

Test1 .956 35 .175

Test3 .935 35 .040

The Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test (Wilcoxon Test) is a non-parametric alternative to the

Paired Samples T-Test, which compares the scores of the two groups. This test was run with the
following hypotheses:

c. Null hypothesis: There is no significant difference between the Pre Test scores and
the Post Test scores.
d. Alternative hypothesis: There is a significant difference between the Pre Test scores
and the Post Test scores.

Table 5.3 shows the descriptive statistics for the Pre Test and Post Test. There were 35
students (N) in each condition. The Pre Test gave a mean score of 62.89 with a standard
deviation of 18.386 and median 66.0. The Post Test gave a mean score of 65.11 with a standard
deviation of 15.552 and the median is also 66. There are no changes in median. The mean for the
Post Test is higher than that of the Pre Test. It means, on average, that the scores in the Post Test
are higher than the scores in the Pre Test. Furthermore, the median for the Pre Test was 77%,
while it was 78% for the Post Test.

Table 5.3: Descriptive Statistics of the Pre Test and Post Test
Percentiles

N Mean Std. Deviation Minimum Maximum 25th 50th (Median) 75th

Test1 35 62.89 18.386 23 90 46.00 66.00 77.00

Test3 35 65.11 15.552 43 97 47.00 66.00 78.00

 Next, Table 5.4 shows the ranks for Wilcoxon Test, where “a” refers to the number of
observations or number of students (N) with Post Test scores lower than their scores in the Pre
Test. “b” refers to the N with Post Test scores greater than their scores in the Pre Test and “c”
refers to the N with Post Test scores equal to their scores in the Pre Test. There are 14 students in
negative ranks means scores lower in their post test than the pre test. 19 students have scores in
the Post Test greater than their scores in the Pre Test (the Positive Ranks row) and only two
student has the same score in both the Pre Test and Post Test (the Ties row).

Table 5.4: Ranks for the Pre Test and Post Test
N Mean Rank Sum of Ranks

Test3 - Test1 Negative Ranks 14a 18.00 252.00

Positive Ranks 19b 16.26 309.00

Ties 2c

Total 35

a. Test3 < Test1

b. Test3 > Test1

c. Test3 = Test1

Finally, Table 5.5 gives the values of the Wilcoxon Test, where “a” refers the value based
on the negative ranks. The significant value, 0.610, is greater than the value of alpha, .05, thus
fail to reject the null hypothesis. This means that the Pre Test scores don’t have a significant
difference from the Post Test scores (z = -5.09, p = 0.610). Indeed, the median Pre Test score and
Post Test score were 77% and 78% respectively. These results suggest that there is no
improvement in students’ Post Test scores after learning through Fractions Website.

Table 5.5: Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test Statistics of the Pre Test and Post Test

Test3 - Test1

Z -.509a

Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) .610

a. Based on negative ranks.

b. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test