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Lab # UNIT OPERATION IN FOOD PROCESSING
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Texas A&M University
Tubular HE
BAEN/CHEN-422-622! page 2
Lab 4 UNIT OPERATION IN FOOD PROCESSING
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Texas A&M University
(Properties must be evaluated separately for the cold and hot side using the average tempera-
ture)
Heat power lost = heat power emitted - heat power absorbed
Efficiency η = [(heat absorbed )/(heat power emitted)]x100
Log mean temperature difference [oC] = ΔTm=(ΔT1-ΔT2)/[ln(ΔT1/ΔT2)]
Overall heat transfer coefficient [W/m2oC] = U = q/(AΔTm) =
= (heat power absorbed)/(heat transmission area ΔTm)
In a concentric tube heat exchanger, the equations for calculating the performance characteris-
tics (heat power emitted, heat power absorbed, heat power lost, efficiency, logarithmic mean
temperature difference, and overall heat transfer coefficient) are contained in Chapter 3.
BAEN/CHEN-422-622! page 3
Lab 4 UNIT OPERATION IN FOOD PROCESSING
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Texas A&M University
Temperature efficiency is an actual indicator of the actual heat transfer taking place in the heat
exchanger as a percentage of the maximum possible heat transfer that would take place if infi-
nite surface area were available.
4.2 Objectives:
1.) Compare the working principles of a concentric tube heat exchanger operating under paral-
lel and counter flow conditions.
2.) Demonstrate the effect of hot water temperature variation, and flow rate variation on the
performance characteristics of a concentric tube heat exchanger.
4.3 Apparatus:
Concentric tube heat exchanger with two flowmeters, and thermometers in the inlet and outer
side of the hot and cold fluid ( L = 1.6 m and A = 0.069 m2).
BAEN/CHEN-474! page 4
Lab 4 UNIT OPERATION IN FOOD PROCESSING
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Texas A&M University
Readings T h-in [C] T h-mid [C] T h-out [C] T c-in [C] T c-mid [C] T c-out [C]
parallel flow
counterflow
Calculation
parallel flow
counterflow
1000
2000
3000
4000
Calculations
Control set [C] T h-in [C] T h-out [C] T c-in [C] T c-out [C]
45
50
55
60
Calculations
Utilize appropriate conversion factors to ensure consistency of units when making calculations.