SEDD_II

Short:
Plate Girders
1) How do you estimate the self weight of plate girder
2) What are the advantages of providing flange plates in a plate girder
3) What are the limitations on the outstanding width of the flange cover plate
in
compression in a plate girder
4) List out the different types of flange splices used in the plate girder
5) How the flanges of plate girders proportioned
6) List out the various types of web splices commonly used in a plate girder
7) Mention the various types of web splices. Draw a neat sketch of any one
type
8)
9) With the help of neat sketches the 3 types of “Web Splices”
10) Sketch the various types of web splices used in a plate girder

11) What is the necessity to provide bearing stiffeners?

12) What is the necessity for load bearing stiffeners under point loads in plate
girders
13)
14) Explain with neat sketches various types of bearing stiffeners used in a
plate girder
15) Explain the difference between a bearing stiffener and other vertical
stiffeners
16) Where do you provide bearing stiffeners in a plate girder

17) When and where do you provide horizontal stiffeners in a plate girder?
Explain their design principles briefly
18) What is the use of horizontal stiffener in plate girder

19) How does the curtailment of flange plates carried out in a plate girder
20) How do you estimate the dead load of a riveted and welded plate girder
21) How do you estimate the depth over angles for riveted and welded plate
girders
22) What type of angles are used in a plate girder flange and why?
23) Explain when is a riveted plate girder preferred when a welded plate
girder.
24) Welded plate girders weigh less than riveted plate girders. Comment
25) Why curtailment of flange plates is necessary? How do you curtail the
flange plates? When the girder is subjected to concentrated loads
26) Sketch an ideal section of a plate girder
27) How do you determine the dimensions of flanges in a plate girder
28) For what forces a flange splice is to be designed
29) When do you provide vertical intermediate stiffeners
 30) How do you curtail the flange plates in plate girder when it is subjected to
concentrated loads
31)

Crane and Gantry Girders

32) What is the difference between a crane girder and plate girder
33) List the important codal provisions in the design of crane girder
34) What are the functions of crane girders
35) How do you account for the longitudinal forces on crane girders? How are
they caused?
36) How do you account the impact in Gantry Girder
37) Explain the conditions of lateral support of gantry girders
38) What is the limitation on deflection of gantry girders carrying moving
loads?
39) In case of electrically operated cranes how is the effect of lateral forces
considered in design of gantry girder
40) Explain about longitudinal forces in the gantry girders
41) Explain the condition to be considered for finding maximum shear force
in the design of gantry girder when an EOT crane operates.
42) What are EOT cranes
43) Forces acting on gantry girder
44) Components of crane and gantry girder

Bearings
45) What is a roller type of bearing
46) Explain the roller type bearing with the help of neat sketches
47) List out the factors on which selection of type of end bearings depend
48) Describe briefly about the elastomeric bearings used in steel bridges
49) Sketch a rocker and rolling bearing provided at the end of a bridge girder
50) What are the functions of bearings in bridges

Bridges

51) How does “deck type bridge” differs from a “through type bridge”
52) Differentiatel between Centrifugal force, Raking force, Braking force and
tractive force
53) Explain Impact factor
54) What is meant by “ Coefficient of dynamic Augmentation? How do you
calculate the same
55) What is “Counter Bracing” ? Why is it provided
56) Derive the formula for fixing the “Economical Span” of a bridge
57) Under which situations plate girders are used
58) What is the economical depth of plate girder
59) How do you calculate the live load on Railway bridges
60) Under what circumstances bridge girder is subjected to tractive force due
to moving loads
61) What is economical span of a bridge
62) Name the forces to be considered in the design of steel bridges
63) Why the impact load shall be considered in the design
64) What is raker in a truss bridge ? What is minimum design force in a raker?
65) How is the self weight of truss estimated for a bridge by the Hudson
formula?
66) What is the necessity of providing bearings at the end of a bridge girder ?
67) Compare the use of through type and deck type bridges
68) Draw a detailed sketch of a mid span cross section of a deck type bridge
69) Describe the rocking forces to be considered in design of bridges.
70) When is a through type of bridge provided
71) Draw a typical cross section of a through type of bridge showing the
details
72) Explain bracing in bridges and its necessity
73) Explain how you get the lateral forces to be considered in gantry girders
74) Why the end bearings are to be provided at the end of bridges girders
75) When do you recommend through type of bridge
76) Why wind load has to be considered in the design of bridges
77) Write briefly on bracing of plate girder bridges
78) Explain about the rocking forces to be considered in the design of bridges
79) For what conditions the span of bridge will be economical span?
80) What is a tractive force? Explain briefly
81) Under what circumstances a bridge girder is subjected to centrifugal forces
due to moving loads
82) What are the functions of Knee bracing in a through type truss bridges?
83) What are the functions of top braces in a truss bridge
84) What are different types of bearings ? Explain any one with a neat sketch
85) What is the function of a counter bracing
86) For what condition the span of bridge will be economical span
87) What is braking force? Explain briefly
88) Explain Reversal of stress
89) Why impact load should be considered in the design
90) Where do you recommend deck type bridge
91) What are the functions of bearings in bridges
92) What is the purpose of providing the bearings for bridges
93) What is meant by CDA? How do you calculate the same?
94) Sketch the arrangement of members for a through type bridge
95) What is meant by economical span of the bridge? Derive the equation for
economical depth. State the assumptions in the derivation
 96) When the wind load is considered what is the percentage increase in
permissible stress of material in the design of bridges
97) Where are portal bracings and swag bracings provided ? what is their
function?
98) What are the longitudinal forces on the bridges
99) Sketch the arrangement of members in through type of truss bridge
100) How do you calculate the contribution of web towards the gross area and
net area of flange

Long:
1)Design the midspan section of a welded plate girder of 30 m span to carry a UDL
of 25 kN/m. Show the reduction of flange plate. Sketch the section

2)Design a web splice for a plate girder and illustrate the details with a neat sketches
for the following data:

BM at splice section = 2100 kNm

SF at splice section = 360 kN
Permissible fibre stress = 165 MPa
Allowable shear stress = 100 MPa
Allowable bearing stress = 185 MPa
Web Plate : 1200 x 12 mm
Use 22 mm dia rivets
Flange angles = 2 Nos 150 x 16 mm
Flange Plates = 2 Nos 400 x 16mm

3) Design a gantry girder to carry one electric overhead traveling crane of capacity =
250 kN, weight of crane excluding trolley = 170 kN, weight of trolley = 80kN,
minimum approach of crane hook = 1m. Distance between centres of crane wheel =
3.5 m, span of gantry girder = 6m, distance between centres of gantry girder = 16 m ,
wt. of rail section = 0.3 kN/m, Ht of rail section = 80 mm.

4) Describe the procedure for design of a rocker bearing. Illustrate the design by
taking suitable numerical data. Give suitable sketches.

5) Design a deck type plate girder bridge for a broad gauge single main line loading
of effective span 24 m. Neatly sketch the design details
6)Design a through type truss bridge (single lane) for a broad gauge main line
loading. The effective span of the bridge is 24 m. Assume suitable data wherever
necessary. Sketch neatly the design details.

7) Design the midspan section of a riveted plate girder of span 20 m to carry a line
load of 50kN/m exclusive of self weight. Allow for impact. Also design the section
for actual lengths of the flanges.

8) Design the central cross-section of a welded plate girder for a span of 24 metres
simply supported at ends carrying a udl of 60 kN/m. Design the stiffeners also

9)Design the gantry girder to carry one electric overhead traveling crane.

Capacity of crane = 200 kN

Wt. of Crane excluding the trolley : 200 kN
Wt. Of Trolly: 100 kN
Minimum approach of crane hook = 1m
Distance between centres of crane wheel =3.6 m
Distance between centres of gantry girder = 16 m
Span of the gantry girder = 6 m
Wt. of rail section = 0.3 kN/m; Height of rail section = 80 mm

10) Design a suitable bearing for a plate girder of span 20 m. The dead load , Live
load and impact load reaction is 800 kN. The vertical reaction due to overturning
effect of wind at each end of the girder is 120 kN. Assume the permissible stresses
suitably for mild steel pin

11) Design a deck type plate girder bridge for broad gauge single main line loading to
a effective span of 25 m. Draw to scale the design details.

16) Design a through type truss girder bridge ( Single lane) for broad gauge main line
loading. The effective span of the bridge is 30 m. Assume the necessary if necessary.
Sketch the section with design details.

17) Design the end stiffener for a plate girder made up of a web plate 2 m x 12 mm
and flange angles 150 x 150 x 12 mm and one cover plate ( 450 x 12 mm) in each
flange. The maximum end reaction is 1640 kN.

18) Design a welded plate girder of effective span 20m to carry a live load of 100
kN/m over the entire span.

19) Design a crane girder for a workshop having a spacing of columns at 10 m c/s if
the crane capacity = 100 kN, weight of crab = 40 kN, the weight of crane excluding
crab = 160 kN; c/c of crane girders = 25 m, wheel base = 3.5m, minimum clearance
between centre of girder and travel = 1.2m
20) Design a rocker bearing for a plate girder of span 20 m designed for broad
gauges single track main line loadings for the following data:

Max.load = 1000kN( due to DL+LL+Impact), Rocking force = 6 kN/m.

Longitudinal force per girder: Tractive effort =200kN, Braking force = 180 kN.
Provide M20 concrete pedestal . Sketch the details

21) Design a through type truss bridge (Single track) for broad gauge main line
loading. The effective span of bridge is 32 m. Assume other details and sketch a
proportional drawing indicating the important components of the truss bridge.

22) Design the section of a deck type riveted plate girder bridge of effective span 20
m taking the , equivalent dead load for moment = 2000 kN, equivalent live load for
shear = 2224 kN, Impact factor = 0.558, Assume total DL = 500 kN, Use 2 plate
girders at 2 m c/s spacing.
Fix up the section and check the stresses. Sketch the proportional drawing of the C/S
and L/S of the girder.`
23) A simply supported riveted plate girder of span 20 m carries three point loads of
250 kN each at mid span and quarter span points in addition to uniformly distributed
load of 50 kN/m over the entire span. Design the mid span section and curtailment of
flange plates provided.

24) Design the central section of a welded plate girder that has an effective span of 16
m and carries a uniformly distributed live load of 100 kN/m over the entire span. Also
design the bearing stiffener at the support.

25) Design the cross-section of a gantry girder for the following data:
Crane load lifting capacity = 200 kN
Weight of crane excluding trolley = 100 kN
Weight of trolley = 50 kN
Distance between centres of gantry girders = 18 m
Minimum approach of crane hook = 1.2 m
Distance between centres of crane wheels = 3m
Span of gantry girder = 6m
Weight of rail section = 0.3 kN/m
Height of rail section = 75 mm

26) Design a rocker bearing for a plate girder bridge for the following data:
Total vertical load inclusive of impact = 900 Kn
Vertical Load due to wind = 120 kN
Lateral load due to wind = 50 kN at the pin of bearing
Longitudinal force = 240 kN
Concrete used for pedestals : M25
27) Design the central joint of the top chord of a six-panel N type truss for a single
track broad gauge loading. Effective span is 18 m. Spacing of main girders is 6 m.
Draw a neat sketch showing the joint details.

28) Design the mid span section of a deck type plate girder bridge with the following
data.
Effective span = 18 m
EUDDL for moment = 2000 kN
EUDDL for shear = 2000 kN
Total dead load inclusive of self weight = 500 kN
Impact factor = 0.45
C/C distance of plate girders = 2.5 m
29) A simply supported plate girder is of span 18 m and carries two point loads of
200kn each at one third points of the span in addition to a uniformly distributed load
of 50 kN/m over the entire span. Design the mid span section and the bearing stiffener
under a concentrated load.

30) Design the central section of a welded plate girder that has an effective span of 18
m and carries a uniformly distributed load of 150 kN/m over entire span. Also design
the web splice at quarter span.

31) Design a rocker bearing for a plate girder bridge for the following data:
Total vertical load inclusive of impact = 1200 kN
Vertical load due to Wind = 150kN
Lateral load due to Wind = 50 kN at the pin of bearing
Longitudinal force = 200 kN
Concrete used for pedestal = M20

32) Design the central joint of the top chord of an eight-panel K type truss for a
single track broad gauge loading. Effective span is 24 m. Spacing of main girder is 6
m. Draw the neat sketch showing the joint details.