District Heating Exchanger 1

District Heating Exchanger

© 1998 AEA Technology plc - All Rights Reserved

TASC 3_1.pdf 1
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Workshop
The purpose of this exercise is to design a very large heat exchanger
requiring up to two shells in parallel. This example will take you
through entering data via the normal data input forms.

The Design calculation will determine the shell length and diameter,
the nozzle sizes, the number of tubes and passes, the number of baffles
and baffle cut. Other details such as shell and header type, baffle type,
tube type and layout will remain as initially set.

Data can be entered on the TEMA sheet in any of the areas marked light
blue. The data in this sheet is linked to the normal data input forms in
TASC and vice versa so either method of input can be used at any time
(the next example illustrates the use of the main input forms). As you
move the cursor around the sheet you will find in some cases drop
down boxes become available. Help may be obtained at any time by
placing the cursor on an item and pressing F1. You may also enter data
in grey fields but these data are not necessary for a run of TASC - they
are treated simply as comments.

The TASC design logic will attempt to optimise the heat transfer against
the allowable pressure drop on both the shell and tube sides. It also has
built in heuristic rules, which will stop it searching once it realizes that
further calculations are pointless. As a general rule, TASC will attempt
to design small diameter single pass exchangers before increasing the
tube length, shell diameter, number of passes and number of shells.

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Learning Objectives
Once you have completed this section you will be able to:

• Use the detailed geometry input items

• Enter physical properties using NEL40 databank

Process Overview
The details of the process data and some basic geometry are shown
below:

Shell Side Tube Side

Primary Secondary
Fluid
Water Water

Total Flowrate 7466937 7466937 lb/h

Water 7466937 7466937 lb/h

Temperature 302 / 212 194 / 284 °F

(In/Out)

Inlet Pressure 217.5 217.5 psi (abs)

Allowable 14.5 14.5 psi

Pressure Drop

Notes:

• Heat Exchanged: 681800 k Btu/h

• Tube outside diameter: 0.625 inches
• Tube wall thickness: 0.065 inches
• Tube length (max / min): 472 / 236 inches
• Tube pitch: 30°
• Maximum number of tubeside passes: 1
• Exchanger to be Horizontal with up to 2 shells in parallel
• TEMA type: BEM Class C

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• Tubes in window, Single segmental baffles

• Shell and tube materials to be carbon steel

Building the Simulation

The New option will clear any existing data and call up the start up
screen.

1. Set the calculation mode to Design. As we will be using the

NEL40 databank for a single component for both the hot and cold
streams, then the number of components may be set at 0.
2. Enter any comments into the remainder of the input lines and
then click on the OK button and the Exchanger Geometry screen
will appear. As required you can change the units of input via the
Preferences screen.
3. From the menu, click on Input and select Physical Property
Data. For the Hot Side tab, set the phase to Single Phase Liquid.
Then for the Data Source select Single Component from NEL 40.
You will then notice that the Code becomes not set, and you can
then select water from the drop down box.

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4. Select the Cold Side tab and repeat as before, then click OK.
5. From menu, click onto Input and then Exchanger Geometry and
enter the exchanger as a BEM, TEMA Class as C, then the
Maximum Number of Parallel Shells to 2 and the Side for Hot
Stream to shell-side.

6. Select the Exchanger Details tab and set the Counter Current in
First Tube Pass to yes.
7. If you then select the Material Properties tab you will notice that
the tube material is by default set at carbon steel.
8. Click OK and then select Bundle Geometry from the Input
menu.

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9. From the Tube Details tab, enter the tube outside diameter, tube
wall thickness, the maximum and minimum tube lengths and
ensure that the tube layout is set at 30°. Now select the Bundle
Layout tab.

10. Enter the Maximum Number of Tubeside Passes to 1 and ensure

that Tubes in Window is set to yes. Now select the Traverse Baffle
tab.

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11. Here, enter the baffle type to be single segmental.

12. Click OK and select Process from the Input menu.

On the Process Constraints

tab, the % pressure drop in the
nozzles when in design mode
can be entered. This is used to
size the nozzles where the
default is 15%.

One of the mass flowrate or

Inlet/Exit temperatures may
be left blank. In this case
TASC will calculate the value
based upon energy balances
with the other stream.
13. Now enter the flow rates, inlet and exit temperatures, inlet and
pressure drops for both the hot and coldside. Click OK and then
save the dataset.

Save your case!

14. Run TASC by clicking on the Run icon or Run from the menu bar
and Calculate All.

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Results
Record the appropriate information in the table below:

Parameter Value Units

Shell diameter

Tube length

Tube count

Number of baffles

Baffle cut

Baffle pitch