Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTRODUCTION OF STUDY
1.1 Introduction
The steel Furniture is old concept in world. There are many steel furniture manufacturing
organizations. Working capital management study is very essential because the study of working
capital is helpful for understand the level of profitability, current assets and current liability .The
working capital management is a technique of helpful for determine the financial strength &
weakness of the firm.
Now days traditional and modern steel furniture is totally different. Management is that
functions of an enterprise which concerns itself with direction and control of the various
activities to attain business objectives. Management is essentially and executive functions; it
deals with active direction of the human efforts.
There are many types of furniture .such as sofa ,sofa com bed, bed, chair, table etc
.Management is the art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that it is done in the best
way.
Working capital management is one of the best techniques available to the management
which is determine the business condition related current assets and liability The working capital
management is concerned with all the aspects of a firm‟s financial analysis. Is a important tool of
financial analysis?
There are many uses of furniture like sitting chair, make a table for office, study. Make a
cupboard, make a bed for sleeping. Working capital is defined as the excess of current assets
over current liability. Current assets are those assets which will be converted into cash within the
current accounting period or within the next year as result of the ordinary operation of the
business. Current liability is the debts of the firm that have to be paid during the current
accounting period or within a year.
1.2 Objectives of the study
The working capital management is helpful for the management decision regarding to the
financial position. The working capital management considers the level of current assets and
liability. There are the following importance’s of the study.
This report is related to the study of Working Capital management to the past three year‟s
financial performance of Shrinath steel Furniture of includes financial analysis; the researcher
has to study the past performance of the company.
Period covered: the study is based on previous three years data 2010-2011 To2012-2013
Meaning:-
Research is a scientific and systematic search for pertinent information on a specific topic.
Research menaces search for knowledge. It is discovery of facts development of facts and
verification of facts. It is an attempt to find practical solution to the problem with the help of
application of scientific methods.
The Purpose of research is to discover the answer of questions through application of scientific
procedure. The aim of research is to find out the truth that has not been discovered yet.
DEFINATION:-
Data collection is collection of information for project while studding a business through
different sources of data collection. It is very important aspect of any investigation.
The research methodology includes method of data collection .Data collection process begins
after research problem has been defined and research plan delight while deciding about method
of data collection to be used for studies. There are two types of data as follows.
1. Primary Data:
2. Secondary Data:
PRIMARY DATA:-
Primary data are the first hand information bearing on any research, which has been
collected by the researcher, is called as primary data.
Initially some primary information was collected with the help of branch manager and respective
staff, concerned. This data was collected through interview and by interacting with the concerned
person.
SECONDARY DATA:-
The secondary data on the other hand, are based on second hand information. The data
which have been already been collected, complete and presented earlier by any agency may be
used for the purpose of investigation such data is called as secondary data.
SOURCES OF SECONDARY DATA:-
The secondary data used for this project has been collected from varies sources like annual
reports, reference books, Magazines, journals and internet website.
The secondary is used for this project was collected from following sources:
1. Annual report
2. Reference book
3. Magazines
4. Website for this project, the data used is secondary in nature as it is mostly collected
from the secondary sources.
CHAPTER 2
“The Shrinath steel furniture” Is one of the furniture manufacturing enterprise.. This is a very
popular organization in rural level.
This Enterprise established on 13th May 2010 by the authority of Mr. Somnath Shinde. This
enterprise is established for the development of society and to improve economical condition of
the people in the rural area.
„Shrinath Steel furniture manufacturing enterprise start that time competition is not high but
today competition level increase because other many steel manufacturing enterprise establish.In
this enterprise finished goods transfer other village
This enterprise produce different type of product such as bed,sofa,sofa come bed,chair etc.
.
Company profile
Establishment -13thFeb2007.
Transport cost–Rs15000
Proposed bankers–, Bank of India, Raw material– Steel and Plywood is a main raw
material.
“The Shrinath Steel Furniture Enterprise was established in 13thFeb2010 under the company‟s
act 1956. The Owner of the company Mr. Somnath Shinde.“The shrinath steel furniture. “The
shrinath steel furniture Product was supplied in all Over the. and nearby.. “The Shrinath Steel
Furniture enterprise was Purchased row material in other District of states Maharashtra
&sales the Product‟s in other district.
Steel and furniture producer union was established on 13thFeb 2007 under company‟s act
1956.Mr.Somnath Shinde completed I.T.I. Than start this business because he wants to became a
businessman. When he start this business that time he have some problems .Like finance,
employee ,row material. But they solve this problem very easy. This enterprise provide
qualitative product to the customer.
On the same ideological lines &valuable guidance given by MR.Somnath Shinde and
MR.R.B.Shinde.
2) Shrinath Showroom
2.4 DEPARTMENT STUCTURE
1. Administrative department
2. Account department
3. Human resources department
4. Marketing department
5. Purchases department
6. Quality control department
7. Transportation department
8. Store department
9. Production department
10. Manufacturing department
2.5 IMPORTANT STASTICAL INFORMATION
2.6 FUTURE PROSTECTS
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Chairman
Managing Director
Accountant Operators
Officers
Clerk Workers
Clerk
2.8 PRODUCT INFORMATION
1) Steel Bed
SHRINATH STEEL FURNITURE offering an optimum grade ranges of Designer Steel Bed.
This steel bed is high on demand among customers for its superior quality.
Features:
Optimum strength
Impeccable finish
High longevity
Durability
2) Wooden Bed
SHRINATH STEEL FURNITURE are offering an excellent quality Wooden Bed. This range
is highly demanded in commercial and residential areas. The offered range is designed using the
finest quality material in sync with latest market trends. In addition to this, our esteemed clients
can avail this range from us in various options.
Features:
Fine finish
Attractive look
Elegant design
3) SOFA SET
Features:
Light in weight
Superior quality
Long lasting finishes
4) STEEL CUPBOARD
Holding a top most position in the market, SHRINATH STEEL FURNITURE offering Steel
Cupboards to our clients. Abrasion resistant materials are used to design the product.
SHRINATH STEEL FURNITURE professionals strictly checks the maintenance and
functioning of the machine before delivering it to their clients, which is why SHRINATH
STEEL FURNITURE able to keep thier clients satisfied with all our products. Keeping the
clients requirement in mind, we deliver the best quality product. These almirahs are available in
variegated specification and colors.
Features:
Attractive look
Spacious
Rust-free
Specifications:
Size: 78 x 40 x 22 inch
CHAPTER 3
THEOROTICAL BACKGROUND
Introduction of Financial Management
The management is helpful for achieve the organizational goal and objectives. “The
management is not matter of pressing button, pulling lever issuing orders, scanning profit
&loss statement, promulgating rules& regulation”.
Meaning of management
Management is art of getting things done by a group of people with the effective
utilization of available resources an individual cannot be treated as managing body running any
organization. A minimum of two people is essential to form management. Theses person perform
the function in order to achieve the objective of organization.
Definition of management
“Management is art of knowing what you want to do and then seeing that is it done in the
best and cheapest way.” F.W.Taylor
1. Financial forecasting.
2. Acquisition of funds.
3. Investment of funds.
4. Helping in valuation of decision.
5. Maintain proper liquidity.
Introduction of working capital
Working capital management is a signification in financial management due the fact that it plays
a pivotal in keeping the wheels of a business enterprise running. Working capital management is
concerned with short-term financial decisions. Lack of efficient and effective utilization of
working capital leads to earn low rate of return on capital employed or even compels to sustain
losses. A firm invests a part of its permanent capital in fixed assets and keeps a part of it for
working capital i.e. for meeting day to day requirements. We will hardly find a firm which does
not require any amount of working capital for its normal operations. The requirement of working
capital varies from firm to firm depending upon the nature of business, production policy, market
like the blood to human body. It is the most vital ingredient of a business. Working capital
management if carried out effectively, efficiently and consistently, will assure the health of an
organization.
Meaning
Working capital is defined as the excess of current assets over current liabilities. Current assets
are those assets which will be converted into cash within the accounting period or within the next
year as a result of the ordinary operations ofthe next year as a result of the ordinary operations of
2. Receivables.
Inventory
1. Work in process.
2. Finished goods
3. Prepaid expenses.
4. Short term advances.
5. Temporary investments.
The value represented by these circulates among several times. Cash is used to buy raw-
materials, to pay wages and to meet other manufacturing expances. Finished goods are produced.
These are held as inventories. When these are sold, accounts receivables are created. The
collection of accounts receivable brings cash into the firm. Current liabilities are the debets of
the firm that have to be paid during the current accounting period or within a year. These
include:
Working capital is also known as circulating capital, fluctuating capital and revolving capital.
The magnitude and composition keep on changing continuously in the course of business.
1. Current assets.
Current assets are those assets which are convertible into cash within a period of one year
and are those which are required to meet the day to day operations of the business. The
working capital management, to be more prices the management of current assts. The
Current liabilities are those claims of outsiders of which are expected to mature for
b) Outstanding expenses
c) Short-term borrowings
The long term working capital requirement includes the initial working capital and the regular
working capital. The investment in the regular working capital is almost of the permanent nature
and requires long term funds. Various sources of providing long term working requirements are
summaries as follows.
Issue of shares – it is the most important source of long term working capital as far as possible;
efforts should be made to procure the maximum amount of regular working capital out of
proceeds of issue of shares. It creates no burden or fixed charges on the earning assets of the
company. More over the company is not under the obligation to return the capital.
Issue of debenture – regular working capital can also be procured by issue of debentures and
issuing debenture company may tread on enquiry in favorable conditions but it caution in raising
funds by debenture if there is on stability into the earing of the firm; because it can change the
Sales of fixed assets - if there is any idle asset in the firm, it can be sold out and proceeds may
Securities from employees and customers – certain companies require a security deposit from
their employees before giving them employment under the term of service .
Term loans – mid term and long term loans for a period above 3 years provides important
Normally the duration of such requirements does not exceed a year. The short term sources can
A internal sources – when working capital is from within the main internal sources are
Depreciation funds – these funds created out of profits of the firm provide a good source of
Provisions – provisions for expected expenses can fulfill a major portion of working capital
requirements.
Accrued expenses – the accrued is due but not paid expenses also important in this respect.
B) EXTERNAL SOURCES –
bank borrowings
Credit papers – under this category bills payable promissory notes etc. are included.
Tread advances – advances are taken by the seller so that they can have surplus cash in hand to
continue their business.
CLASSIFICATION OF WORKING CAPITAL
Working capital
gross Net
positive negative
Generally the working capital has its significance in two perspectives. These are gross working
capital and net working capitals are called „balance sheet approach‟ of working capitals .
1. Profits of they are earned by making investment of its funds in fixed and current assets.
This suggests the part of the earning relate to investment in current assets. Therefore,
2. The management is more concerned with the total current assets as they constitute the
total funds available for operating purposes than from the sources from which the funds
come.
3. An increase in the overall investment in the enterprise also brings an increase in the
working capital
The term „net working capital‟ refers to the excess of current assets over current
liabilities. It refers to the difference between current assets and current liabilities. The net
working capital is a qualitative concept which indicates the liquidity position of the firm and the
extent to which working capital need may be financed by permanent source offends.
FACTORS AFFECTING WORKING CAPITAL
The working capital needs of a firm are affected by numerous factors are as follows;
Nature of business;
In some business organizations, the sales are monthly on cash basis and the operating cycle is
also very short in these concerns, the working capital requirement is comparatively less. Mostly
Production policy:
Some productions have seasonal demand but in order to eliminate the fluctuations in working
capital, the manufacturer plans the production in a steady flow throughout the year. This policy
Market conditions:
Due to competition in the market, the demands for working capital fluctuate. In a competitive
business firm has to give liberal credit to customers. Similarly, it has to maintain a large
inventory of finished goods to service the customers promptly. In this situation, larger amount of
A firm which is producing production with seasonal demands requires more working capital
during peak seasons while the demand for working capital will go down during slack seasons.
The working capital need of the firm increase as it grows in terms of sales or fixed assets. This
will in turn increase investment in current assets which will result in increase in working capital
needs
Operating efficiency:
The Operating efficiency of the firm related to the optimum utilization of resources at minimum
cost. The firm will be effectively contributing to its working capital if it is efficient in controlling
operating costs. The working capital is better utilized and cash cycle is reduced which decreases
Credit policy:
The working capital requirements of a firm depend to a great extent on the credit policy
followed by a firm for its debtors. A liberal credit policy followed by firm will result in huge
funds blocked in debtors which will enhance the need for working capital. The need for working
capital is also affected by the credit policy followed by the firm‟s creditors. If the creditors are
ready to supply material and goods on liberal credit, working capital requirements are
substantially reduced.
As the sales grow, the working capital needs also go up. Actually it is very difficult to establish
1. Dividend policy:
A company has to pay dividends in cash as per company act, 1956. If a liberal policy is followed
for payment of dividends more working capital will be required. The needs for working capital
working capital is the life blood of any business, without which the fixed assets are inoperative.
Working capital circulates in the business, and the current assets change from one form to the
other. Cash is used for procurement of raw materials and stores items and for payment of
operating expenses, and then converted into work-in-progress, then to finished goods. When the
finished goods are sold on credit terms receivables balances will be formed. When the
receivables are collected it is again converted into cash. The need for receivables are collected, it
is again converted into cash. The need for working capital arises because of the time gap
between production of goods and their actual realization after sales. The time gap is called
technically called as „operating cycle‟ or „working capital cycle‟ the operating cycle of a
company consists of time period between the procurement of inventory and the collection of cash
from receivables
cash
Purchase of
Collection of raw material
receivables
Accounts
Raw material
receivable
inventory
Issue of materials to
production & incurring
expenses
sales Work in
process
Finished
goods
OPERATING CYCLE
Statistical Information
To Salaries & Wages 30000 45000 37000 By Net Loss 8000 8000 8500
DATAANALYSIS& INTERPRETETION
Statement Showing Changes In Working Capital As Per
12%
8%
9%
52%
19%
Table 1
Current Asset as on 2015-16
Total A 126000
It may be inferred from Table 1(2014) that the Interest Accrued but Not Due is highest ()
followed by Inventories (19%), Sundry debtors (9%), Loan and Advances (12%), The Cash and
bank balance are the least(8%) as on 31-03-2014.
Year 2015
Current Liabilities Provision
48%
52%
Table 2
Current Liabilities as on 2015-16
Total B 63000
Year 2016
Interest Accured but not due Inventories Sundry Debtors
Cash and bank balance Loan and Advances
21% 24%
18%
17%
20%
Table 1
Current Asset as on 2016-17
Total A 177000
It may be inferred from Table 1(2015) Loan and Advances that the is highest (24%) followed by
Inventories (18%), Interest Accrued but Not Due (20%),Sundry debtors (21%),, The Cash and bank
balance are the least(17%) as on 31-03-2015.
Year 2016
Current Liabilities Provision
25%
75%
Table 2
Current Liabilities as on 2016-17
Total B 68000
Year 2017
Interest Accured but not due Inventories Sundry Debtors
Cash and bank balance Loan and Advances
11%
25%
22%
22%
20%
Table 1
Current Asset as on 2017-18
Total A 185000
It may be inferred from Table 1(2016) that the Inventories is highest (25%) followed by Interest
Accrued but Not Due (20%), Sundry debtors (22%), Loan and Advances (22%), The Cash and bank
balance are the least (11%) as on 31-03-2016.
Year 2017
Current Liabilities Provision
28%
72%
Table 2
Current Liabilities as on 2017-18
Total B 53000
Working capital:->
Therefore working capital=current assets-current liabilities. As such the
following steps should be taken while preparing schedule of changes in the working capital.
1. Identify the current assets and current liabilities in the given balance sheets.
2. Compare the current assets and current liabilities of the current year with that of the
previous year and find out the difference s in each individual current assets and current
liabilities.
WORKING CAPITAL=CURRENT ASSETS-CURRENT LIABILITIES
400000
350000
300000
250000
Year 2017
200000
Year 2016
150000 Year 2015
100000
50000
0
Current Asset Current Liabilities Working Capital
CHAPTER4
OBSERVATION
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bibliography BOOKS
QUESTIONNAIRE
QUESTIONNAIRE:-
I have collected data through the direct interview from the owner of the enterprise & other
employee of related the project report.
4) What is the current financial statement of the The Shrinath Steel Furniture Enterprise
,Akluj?
5) What is the estimate requirement of Working capital management The Shrinath Steel
Furniture Enterprise ,Akluj?
6) What is the nature & present situation of the Working capital management of The
Shrinath Steel Furniture Enterprise ,Akluj?
7) What are the different levels between current asset & current liabilities?
10)Do you agree that Working capital management facilities are proper understanding
of information contained in financial statement
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
11)Do you think that ratio analysis is useful to management and creditors in their
business decision)
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]
12) Do you think that financial working capital is useful in evaluating and
predating the performances of a business as well as certifying areas
a) Yes [ ] b) No [ ]