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Khoms steam 480 Deutsche Babcock 1982 Heavy fuel oil; light fuel oil;
Heavy fuel oil (47%)
natural gas
Misurata steel 507 Hyundai Engineering & 1990 Heavy fuel oil; natural gas
Construction
Light fuel oil (32%)
Sarir gas 45 Westinghouse 1990 Light fuel oil; natural gas
Source: Gecol
Zuweitina gas 200 ABB 1994 Light fuel oil; natural gas
Khoms gas 600 ABB 1995 Light fuel oil; natural gas
Western Mountain 624 BHEL 2005 Light fuel oil; natural gas
each account for 33 per cent of power Benghazi North 810 Daewoo Heavy Industries & 2005 Light fuel oil; natural gas
demand. Industrial users make up 21 per combined cycle Construction; ABB
cent, with most of the demand coming Zawia combined cycle 1,350 Alstom; Hyundai Engineering & 2005 Light fuel oil; natural gas
from the oil and gas sector and the Construction; ABB
Misurata steel complex, while agriculture
Total 6,196
accounts for 13 per cent. Demand is
Source: Arab Union of Producers, Transporters & Distributors of Electricity
concentrated in the Tripoli, central
and western regions of the country,
reflecting the main urban centres on the
Mediterranean coastline: together these
three areas made up 71 per cent of total
peak load in 2008. In contrast, the vast,
but virtually uninhabited, southern region
www.meed.com 11
Per capita consumption The existing tariff structure, 2008 “Gecol Peak power demand
2000-07 (kWh) 2000-25 (MW)
Type $/kWh forecasts that
Residential
the rate of
0.0167 20,000
5,000 18,417
(0-1,000kWh) x
4,000 Residential
(1,001-1,400kWh)
0.0250
demand growth 15,000
12,621
15,078
x
will accelerate
x
3,000 Residential 0.0417
10,000
(more than 1,400kWh)
in the coming
8,582
x
2,000 Small agricultural 0.0250
1,000
Heavy agricultural 0.0267
years” 5,000
2,630
x
4,005
x
Light industry 0.0350
08
10
15
20
25
06
00
03
20
20
20
20
20
Commercial, street lighting
20
0.0566
00
01
02
03
04
05
06
07
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
actual
Flat tariff 0.0362
forecast
Source: Gecol Source: Gecol
Source: Gecol
www.meed.com 13
Sources of water, 2008-11 (million g/d) one of the smallest desalination producers.
Installed desalination capacity, mid-2009
By comparison, Saudi Arabia’s current
Location Capacity (million g/d) Operation date installed capacity is estimated at 850
Source 2008 2009-11
million g/d, Abu Dhabi’s at 645 million g/d
Great Manmade River 210 352 Gulf of Bomba 6.6 1990
and Oman’s at 140 million g/d.
Groundwater 132 163 Zliten 6.6 1992
Desalination 31 75 Soussa 2.2 2000 Libya has taken most units built before
Total 373 590 Tobruk 8.8 2002 1990 out of service. As a result, its
Abutaraba 8.8 2006 main desalination plants are located at
Source: General Desalination Company
Abutaraba, the Gulf of Bomba, Soussa,
Zwara 8.8 2006
Tobruk, Zliten and Zwara.
Total 41.9
the past 25 years on the first three phases
Source: General Desalination Company
of the GMR project.
Capacity building programme
The GMR delivered some 210 million g/d and Gecol. Gecol's new role is now “Responsibility Despite the modest size of its desalination
in 2008, a figure that is set to rise to 352 now confined to desalination units which sector, Libya has drawn up a programme
million g/d in the period 2009-11. The are part of cogeneration plants, leavin for desalination is to massively increase desalination
increase, along with a near doubling in GDC responsible for standalone capacity to meet rising demand in
desalination capacity, will result in total facilities. divided between coastal, urban centres. By 2015, GDC
water production surging by an estimated
60 per cent to 590 million g/d. Libya’s first experience of desalination
GDC and Gecol” is planning to hike desalination
capacity to 515 million g/d, a 10-fold
dates back to the 1960s when it built increase on mid-2009 capacity.
Much of the additional GMR supplies are small plants to treat brackish water to The cost of the programme is estimated
destined for the agricultural sector, which serve local communities. A decade later, at $2.2bn.
the government is looking to expand it began to implement larger units as
significantly. The decision to open up part of cogeneration plants. However, By mid-2010, four new desalination
new tracts of arable land, along with a compared to the Gulf desalination sector, plants will be brought on stream
population growing by about 2 per cent a plant capacities remained small, reflecting providing additional capacity of
year, means that future water demand Tripoli’s focus on the GMR project to meet 44.1 million g/d. Located at Derna,
will be almost unlimited: as in the rest of the bulk of its future water supplies and Soussa, Zawia and Zwara, all four plants
the Middle East, whatever water that is its tendency to go for multi-effect are being built by France’s Sidem and
available will be consumed. distillation (MED) technology. will use MED technology.
As of mid-2009, GDC had installed Both the Derna and Soussa plants were
Desalination capacity of 42 million g/d of water. In due to be fully commissioned in October
Responsibility for desalination is addition, Gecol had about 20 million g/d. 2009. At Zawia, the largest of the four,
divided between the GDC Among regional oil-rich states, Libya is first water is expected before the end
www.meed.com 23