5.

0 Conclusion

Being given the theme on study lamp, we have worked hard as a team to do
research on the respective title to obtain ideas for reference. We have been surfing
through internet for suitable circuit and asked opinions from seniors for better
modification. After much preparation, we have finally come up with a design on a
special study lamp which differs from the ordinary, as it has extra functions other than
the basic function of switching the lamp on or off. Our design enables the users to
adjust the brightness of the study lamp according to their needs by placing a
potentiometer. This design is said to be user-friendly as it protects the users’ eyes
from excessive brightness that may cause damage to eyes. Besides that, we have made
use of the DC motor to add another extra function which is to install a fan together
with the study lamp. This idea is inspired by the hot weather in our country as
working performance under such uncomfortable and sweaty condition can be greatly
influenced. By installing a fan, it enables users to work in pleasant surroundings and
thus perform at their optimum. In conclusion, we are capable of designing a
functional study lamp circuit which the study lamp is installed together with fan as an
extra function in this mini project.
Discussion

Several group discussions are carried out and we have come up with a finalized
circuit which is constructed in reference to the individual ideas of every group
members. This circuit has fulfilled all the requirements and restrictions that have been
set for this mini project. The components that we have used in the designated circuit
include 1 motor, 15 strip LEDs, a voltage regulator LM7812, a 12 V power
transformer T57-0601 and some power supply module (wire, 3-pin plug, casing box).

In the final idea of circuit, the 240V live connection is being stepped down to
24V. Then, the AC power source is being converted into DC power source by
implementing a full wave rectifier as most of the electrical appliances function by
using DC supply. A smoothing capacitor is then connected to help in converting the
full-wave rippled output of rectifier into smooth DC output voltage. A LM7812
voltage regulator is also used to regulate the filtered voltage to 12V.

To ensure a unidirectional current flow towards the potentiometer, two diodes are
being used in this case. The purpose of connecting a potentiometer to a NE555 timer
is to adjust the brightness of lamp according to users’ needs. This important feature is
implemented to protect users’ eyes from excessive light exposure. Other than that, we
have grounded the timer through a capacitor to eliminate noise produced so that the
users can enjoy using it more comfortably.

On the other hand, the regulated 12V voltage is being connected to a switch and
DC motor in order to operate the installed fan. By pressing the switch button, the fan
will start to rotate and create a cooling effect. It is strongly believed that this extra
function implemented in circuit is crucial as it provides a much more pleasant
environment for study purpose. Undoubtedly, a comfortable surroundings will surely
increase the users’ performance in studying.

Last but not least, selecting LED to be implemented in this circuit is a very
economical choice. This is because LED has virtually zero maintenance cost as
compared to fluorescent lamp and it consumes much lesser power than the latter. The
lifespan of a LED is said to be the longest among all light sources that are
commercially available in the market. The typical lifespan ranges from 25000 hours
to 200000 hours or more before the lamp requires a replacement. It is also
user-friendly as it does not produce ultraviolet radiation which will cause eye strain
and eye fatigue because it only produces a very narrow spectrum of visible light
without losses to irrelevant radiation types.