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INCOME POVERTY:
• Income should include only receipts that are recurrent (that is,
exclude large and unexpected, typically one – off, receipts);
• Income should only include those components that contribute to
current economic well-being, or extend also to those that
contribute to future well-being;
The first of annual Opportunity for all (OFA) reports in 1999 on tackling
poverty and social exclusion defined poverty as follows:
• Income poverty
• Non-income poverty
The unemployment
Over population
Environmental degradation
• 27.5 percent of Indians live below the national income poverty line
• 296 million people are illiterate and 233 million are undernourished
• 254 per 100,000 live births is the maternal mortality rate and is an
indicator not only of the quality of maternal health care services
but also of the level of empowerment of women.
Sources: Poverty Estimates for 2004-2005, Government of India; Report of the 11th Plan
Working Group on Poverty Alleviation Programmes, Planning Commission, 2006; Report on
the conditions and promotion of livelihoods in the unorganized sector, National Commission
for Enterprises in the Unorganized Sector (NCEUS), 2007;11th Five-Year Plan 2007-2012,
Volume 1- Inclusive Growth, Planning Commission, 2008; Human Development Report
2007/2008, United Nations Development Programme, 2007; Maternal Mortality in India, 1997-
2003, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, 2006