List of data, formulae and relationships

Data

molar gas constant R = 8.31 J mol1 K1

Avogadro constant N A = 6.02 × 1023 mol1
acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m s2 (close to the Earth)
universal gravitational constant G = 6.67 × 1011 N m2 kg2
speed of light in vacuum c = 3.00 × 108 m s1
charge of electron e = 1.60 × 1019 C
electron rest mass m e = 9.11 × 1031 kg
12 2 1 2
permittivity of free space 0 = 8.85 × 10 C N m
permeability of free space 7 1
0 = 4 × 10 H m
−27
atomic mass unit u = 1.661 10 kg (1 u is equivalent to 931 MeV)
astronomical unit AU = 1.50 1011 m
light year ly = 9.46 1015 m
parsec pc = 3.09 1016 m = 3.26 ly = 206265 AU
Stefan constant = 5.67 10−8 W m−2 K−4
Planck constant h = 6.63 × 1034 J s
Rectilinear motion Mathematics

For uniformly accelerated motion : Equation of a straight line y = mx + c

Arc length =rθ
v = u + at
1 Surface area of cylinder = 2rh + 2r2
s = ut + at 2
2 Volume of cylinder = r2h
v2 = u2 + 2as
Surface area of sphere = 4r2
4 3
Volume of sphere = r
3
For small angles, sin ≈ tan ≈ (in radians)

Astronomy and Space Science Energy and Use of Energy

GMm E illuminance
U gravitational potential energy
A
r
P = T4 Stefan’s law Q A(TH TC)
rate of energy transfer by conduction
f v t d
Doppler effect
f0 c 0 U thermal transmittance U-value
d
1
P ρAv 3 maximum power by wind turbine
2
Atomic World Medical Physics
1 1.22
m e v max 2 hf Einstein’s photoelectric equation Rayleigh criterion (resolving power)
2 d

1 4 1
En power power of a lens
n2 2 2 2 f
n
8h 0  I
L = 10 log intensity level (dB)
energy level equation for hydrogen atom I0
Z=c acoustic impedance
h h
de Broglie formula r I2 (Z
1 Z )2
p mv intensity reflection coefficient
I0 (Z 2 Z1 ) 2
1.22
Rayleigh criterion (resolving power) I I e0 μx transmitted intensity through a medium
d
 energy transfer during heating Q1Q2
A1. E = mc ∆T D1. F Coulomb’s law
and cooling 4π0 r 2
energy transfer during change Q electric field strength due to
A2. E = l ∆m D2. E
of state 4π 0r 2 a point charge

A3. pV nRT V electric field between parallel plates

equation of state for an ideal gas D3. E
d (numerically)
1 l
A4. pV Nmc 2 kinetic theory equation D4. R resistance and resistivity
3 A
3RT
A5. E K = molecular kinetic energy D5. R = R1 + R2 resistors in series
2N A
1 1 1
D6. resistors in parallel
R R1 R 2
v p
B1. F = m force D7. P IV I 2 R power in a circuit
t t
B2. moment = F d moment of a force D8. F BQv sin  force on a moving charge in a
magnetic field

B3. E P = mgh gravitational potential energy D9. F BIl sin  force on a current-carrying
conductor in a magnetic field
1 2 I 0 magnetic field due to a long
B4. E K = mv kinetic energy D10. B
2 2πr straight wire
NI magnetic field inside a long
B5. P = Fv mechanical power D11. B 0
l solenoid
v 2
2 Φ
B6. a r centripetal acceleration D12. N induced e.m.f.
r t
Gm1 2m V N ratio of secondary voltage to
B7. F Newton’s law of gravitation D13. V s N s
r2 p p primary voltage in a transformer

D fringe width in
C1. y E1. N = N 0 ekt law of radioactive decay
a double-slit interference
ln 2
C2. d sin n diffraction grating equation E2. t1  half-life and decay constant
2 k
1 1 1 activity and the number of
C3. equation for a single lens E3. A = kN
u v f undecayed nuclei

E4. E mc 2 mass-energy relationship