Final

‟A study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on
knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses in
selected hospitals at Bhopal”
DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THEMADHYA PRADESH MEDICAL SCIENCE

UNIVERSITY,JABALPUR,M.P.
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENTOF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
Master of Science
In
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING
(Critical Care Nursing)
BY
BHAGYASHRI RAUT
M.SC. NURSING FINAL YEAR
Under the guidance of
Prof. (Mrs.) Sobia Gnana Mary

Principal & HOD Medical - Surgical Nursing
Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar M.P.
2015-2017
Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University,Jabalpur, M.P.

DECLARATION BY THE CANDIDATE
I hereby declare that this dissertation/thesis entitled „A study to assess the

effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding side effects of
chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected hospitals at Bhopal” is a bonafide and
genuine research work carried out by me under the guidance of Mrs. Sobia
Gnana Mary, Professor and Head of the Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Ojaswini
Nursing College, Sagar M.P.
Date: Signature of the Candidate
Place: Sagar Bhagyashri Raut

M.Sc. (N.) M.S.N.
II Yr. Student
Ojaswini Nursing College
Sagar M.P.
CERTIFICATE BY THE GUIDE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ A study to assess the

chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected hospitals at Bhopal ” is a bonafide research
work done by Bhagyashri Ratu in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Master of Science in Nursing (Medical-Surgical Nursing).
Date: Signature of the Guide
Place: Sagar Mrs. Sobia Gnana Mary, M. Sc. [N]
Principal and HOD
Medical-Surgical Nursing
Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar

CERTIFICATE BY THE CO-GUIDE
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ A study to assess the

chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected hospitals at Bhopal ” is a bonafide research
work done by Haribhagwan Nagar in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
Master of Science in Nursing (Medical-Surgical Nursing).
Signature of the Co-Guide
Prof. (Mr.) Rajesh Kerkar

Vice Principal
Date: Head of the Department
Place: Sagar M.P. Community Health Nursing
Ojaswini Nursing College,
Sagar M.P.
ENDORSEMENT BY THE HOD, PRINCIPAL / HEAD OF THE
INSTITUTION
This is to certify that the dissertation entitled A study to assess the effectiveness
of self instructional module on knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy among
staff nurses in selected hospitals at Bhopal” is a bonafide research
work done by Bhagyashri Ratu under the guidance of Mrs. Sobia Gnana Mary,
Professor and Head of the Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing.
Date: Signature of the Principal
Place: Sagar Mrs. Sobia Gnana Mary, M. Sc. [N]
Principal and HOD
Medical-Surgical Nursing
Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar

COPY RIGHT
Declaration by the Candidate
I hereby declare that the Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University,
Jabalpur, M.P. shall have the rights to preserve, use and disseminate this
dissertation/thesis in print or electronic format for academic/research purpose.
Date: Signature of the Candidate
Place: Sagar Bhagyashri Raut

M.Sc. (N.) M.S.N.
II Yr. Student
Sagar M.P.
© MADHYA PRADESH MEDICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, JABALPUR M.P.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
“On the day that I called you also proceed to answer me; you began to make me
bold in my soul with strength”
Psalm 138:3
With humility I acknowledge by indebtedness……….
I would like to thank the “Supreme Power” for all the blessings he had
bestowed upon me and for giving such parents who are always encouraging me and
making me success with their prayer to Almighty God.
An effort of this academic pursuit would not have been a reality for me but for
the constructive and purposeful support, guidance and encouragement rendered by a
number of persons whose help I specially recognize through this acknowledgement.
While my words are few, my appreciations are unmeasured, for the wisdom I realized
and learning I experienced is second to none. I wish to express my sincere
appreciation and deep sense of gratitude to all those who helped me in accomplishing
this task successfully.

I owe great deal of thanks to Dr. Sudha Malaya, CEO,
, Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar M.P. for providing me an opportunity to
pursue post graduation in nursing in his esteemed institution.
I owe deep gratitude to our Vice-Chairman, Mr. Dilip Malaya, a great inspirer,
whose vision and mission is profusely contagious.
I express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to my guide
Prof. (Mrs.) Sobia Gnana Mary, Principal and HOD (M.S.N.) Ojaswini Nursing College
Sagar M.P. for her esteemed guidance, sustained patience,
comments and continuous inspiration right from the beginning of the project. It is
indeed a great honour and privilege to be guided by her.
I am extremely grateful to my Co-Guide Mr. Rajesh Kerkar, Vice-Principal and
HOD Community Health Nursing, Ojaswini Nursing College for his timely
support and Suggestions which made this study a fruitful out come.
I extend my sincere gratitude to the Colleges which are selected for research
for granting permission to conducting the study.
I owe my gratitude to all the subjects who enthusiastically participated in
carrying out the research project. I appreciate their keen interest and, patience and
cooperation evinced for successful completion of the study.
I am extremely grateful to all the experts who validated the content of the tool
for their helpful recommendations and guidance.
.I extend my sincere thanks to the Library staff of Ojaswini Nursing College
, Sagar M.P. for their valuable help in obtaining literature for the study.
Words fail to acknowledge the love, concern, and emotional support of each of
my classmates who were there beside me through this work, that built my spirit till the
last moment, which gave me, confidence to achieve the goal.
I owe my success to my beloved Parents Mr. omakar Raut and
Mrs. Urmila Raut, for being there and taking care of me all the way. “Without
your prayers, love encouragement and support I would not exist.”
At last I thank all of them who directly or indirectly have stood up to me and
made my walk possible this far. Thank you for standing by me and thanks a lot for
making me accomplish this milestone.
Bhagyashri Raut
M.Sc. (N.) M.S.N.
II Yr. Student
Sagar M.P.
ABSTRACT
Title : .
A study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge
regarding side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected hospitals at
Bhopal‟‟
OBJECTIVES:
1. To assess the existing knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy drugs
among staff nurses working in selected hospitals at Bhopal.
2. To Find the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding side
effects of Chemotherapy drugs among staff nurses working in selected hospital at
Bhopal.
3. To find an association between pre test knowledge Score regarding side effect of
chemotherapy drugs and selected demographic variables.
MATERIAL AND METHODS:
Research approach implies a set of methods and techniques for designing a study
and collecting and analyzing data related to the study with a prime goal to assess the
effectiveness of the study. The evaluative approach was used to assess the knowledge
regarding chemotherapy among staff nurses.
Results
The obtained post-test mean value (19.7) was higher than pre -test mean value (10.7).
The mean difference value is (9) and the obtained‟ test value is -19.4 which is found to be
greater than the„t‟ table value (). Since the obtained t value is not significant at p < 0.05
level therefore null hypothesis is rejected. It is inferred that there is significant difference
in knowledge among staff nurses after information booklet on chemotherapy

Interpretation and conclusion
The overall experience of conducting this study was satisfying and enriching.
The study was a new learning experience for the investigator. This study shows that
there is a great need to develop and implement structured teaching programme on
knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy on staff nurses
. Therefore it was concluded that the structured
teaching programme was highly effective in improving the knowledge regarding side
effects of chemotherapy on staff nurses
Keywords
Effectiveness; structured teaching programme; knowledge regarding

chemotherapy; among the staff nurses.
.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SL. NO. CONTENTS PAGE NO.
1. Introduction 1-9
2. Objectives 10-16
3. Review of Literature 17-33
4. Methodology 34-42
5. Analysis & Interpretation 43-77
6. Discussion 78-80
7. Conclusion 81
8. Summary 82-86
9. Bibliography 87-93
10. Annexures
LIST OF TABLES
Table
No. Title Page No.
1. Schematic representation of research design 33
2. Frequency and percentage distribution of samples 49
3. Range, Mean, Median and Standard Deviation of pre-test and post-

test knowledge score of chemotherapy regarding 58
prevention side effects staff nurses.
4. Frequency and percentage distribution of degree of knowledge of

The chemotherapy regarding prevention side effects staff nurses.
58
5. Mean, Mean difference, standard deviation of difference and t’

value between pre-test and post-test knowledge score 59
6. Area-wise paired ‘t’ test showing the difference between pre-test

and post-test knowledge scores of chemotherapy 60
regarding
7. Association between pre-test knowledge score with selected
demographic variables 61
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the
potential to invade or spread to other part of the body. Not all tumors cancerous; being
tumors do not spread to other parts the body.
“India. According to the national cancer registry program of the India council
of medical research (ICMR), more than 1300 Indians die every day due to cancer.
Between 2012 and 2014, the mortality rate due to cancer increased by approximately
6%. In 2012, there are 478180 deaths out of 2934,314 cases reported.”Cancer is the
major public health problem in the united state and many other parts of the world.
Currently, one in four deaths in the United States is due to cancer. In this article, we
provider of cancer statistics, including updated incidence, mortality and survival rates,
and expected numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in 2009.The main cancer
treatment are surgery ,radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted
therapy hormone therapy, stem cell transplant, precision medicine.
“Oncology nurse‟s main duty is to supervise and provide nursing care to
cancer patients. They monitor patient‟s condition, develop care plan, develop
symptom management protocols, and administer medication, create individualized
care plans on patient under their supervision and care.”Chemotherapy is the use of
drugs or medication to treat disease, a method of cancer treatment. The medication
enters the body and circulates, seeking to destroy cancer cell. Chemotherapy can be
used alone or as a part of treatment plans that could include surgery, radiation therapy
or biotherapy. There are several goals when using chemotherapy, cure, gaining
1
control of cancer and palliation (relief of symptoms) some type of cancer response
best to chemotherapy medication, other react best with several treatment option
combined. It is understandable that you may be anxious about starting chemotherapy.
Gaining a better understanding of how the medication work, what they do to your
body and what changes they may cause can help you overcome some of your fears
and anxiety. Chemotherapy is presently the main systemic treatment available to treat
cancer. The one in three people diagnosed with cancer (department of health (2002)
approximately 60% will receive chemotherapy as part of their treatment (bremnes,
1999). It is however, a treatment that can potentially causes much harm, both to those
receiving it and those administering it. Over the last two decades chemotherapy
administration has increasingly become the role of the nurses. Nurses have four main
roles in the chemotherapy administration process educating patient and their families
about this form of therapy, administering the chemotherapy agents safely and
managing any side effects patients may have (tangle et al.1994). in addition, nurses
need to support patients emotionally through the process.
NEED FOR STUDY:
A number of studies have indicated that patient are often unsatisfied with
aspect of the Chemotherapy administration process including communication and
psychological support; waiting time ; assessment and management of side effect ; and
information giving. Although nurses are competent in providing information, they
rarely make any assessment of patients, feeling about their treatment. In addition ,
poor management of chemotherapy induced side effects , such as nausea and vomiting
has been shown to adversely affect patient‟s quality of life (brown et
al.,2001,Richardson,marks ,and Levine 1998) and levels of anxiety about treatment
(Mun et al.,2001).However, when patients are assessed, given information and their
2
side effects managed ere effectively, their anxieties decrease and their compliance
with treatment improves (sitza and Wood, 1998a).one area patients are rarely
dissatisfied with is the nursing skills involved in the technical aspects of
chemotherapy administration (mun et al., 2001). When trying to explain their findings
researchers have identified a need to explore the chemotherapy process in more depth.
While there is research investigating patient satisfaction with chemotherapy nursing
care there is currently a dearth of research form nursing care there is currently a dearth
of research from nurses „perspectives. It is argued that to give quality emotional and
physical support to the individual with cancer and their families, the nurse‟s
perception and experience to work in this field of care needs to be explored in
some depth (McCray, 1997). Recent national clinical guidelines for the administration
of cytotoxic chemotherapy recommended that more research is urgently required to
understand factors which may influence effective practice .two areas particularly
highlighted were:
Nature of staff and others „beliefs and knowledge deficits
Impact on practice of beliefs, knowledge and knowledge deficit
(goodman, 1998a)
Some of these issues were explored using an investigator designed, self completion,
questionnaire sent to 260 nurses working with in a specialist cancer hospital (verity,
2002).Result showed that factors influencing patient care included; staff education and
experience, pressures of time and workload, nurses receiving regular knowledge
updates;
and working with more experienced and knowledgeable nurses. The findings also
suggested that nurses who were educationally prepared and underwent practice
supervision had a positive attitude towards their role in chemotherapy. There also
3
appeared to be wide variation in educational preparation for the role, a cause for
concern, give in the implication of chemotherapy administration. Although this study
was useful in terms of its findings, it was a small, local, study so the results cannot be
generalized. Care that was once delivered in hospitals is now being delivered in busy
out patients‟ settings due to reduced resources, increasing monetary constraints,
increased workload and increased demand for treatment (Fitzsimmons et al., 2002).
Administration of patients now receiving chemotherapy in out- patients departments.
As chemotherapy regimens have developed and become more amenable to delivery in
an out-patient setting, it is important that current chemotherapy practice be examined
to understand factors which may impinge or enhance care received by patients.
Evaluation of the role of the nurses is imperative because it can inform decision-
making, influence educational program development and ultimately impact on
nursing practice (Kearney, 2000).
4
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
„‟A study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on
knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected
hospitals at Bhopal‟‟
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
4. To assess the existing knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy
drugs among staff nurses working in selected hospitals at Bhopal.
5. To Find the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge
regarding side effects of Chemotherapy drugs among staff nurses working in
selected hospital at Bhopal.
6. To find an association between pre test knowledge Score regarding side effect
of chemotherapy drugs and selected demographic variables.
PROJECT OUTCOME (HYPOTHESIS)
At 0.05 level of significance
H1: There is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge score
regarding chemotherapy drugs among staff nurses.
H2: There is a significant association between pre- test knowledge score and their
demographic variables.
5
OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS
1. Effectiveness: it refers to the gain in the knowledge on chemotherapy among
staff nurses after the administration of information booklet.
2. Information booklet: A small, thin book with paper covers, typically giving
information on a particular subject.
3. Knowledge: it refers to the awareness, amount of information or
understanding about chemotherapy among staff nurses as measured by
structured questionnaire. Knowledge will be measured in terms of knowledge
scores.
4. Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a type of treatment that includes a
medication or combination of medications to treat cancer. The goal of chemo
is to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells.
5. Staff nurses: In this study, a Nurse who is on the staff of a cancer hospital.
DELIMITATIONS:
The research will be confined to nursing staffs.
Study is limited in to staff nurses in selected hospitals of Bhopal Madhya
Pradesh.
Study is limited to 50 samples
6
ASSUMPTIONS:
The researcher assumes that
Information booklet may improve the staff nurses knowledge regarding
chemotherapy.
Information booklet may be a best and cost effective secondary teaching
approach for educating staff nurses of. chemotherapy
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
A conceptual framework is used in to outline possible courses of action or to
present a preferred approach to an idea or thought. Conceptual frameworks are a type
of intermediate theory that attempt to connect to all aspects of inquiry. Conceptual
frameworks can act like maps that give coherence to empirical inquiry. Because
conceptual frameworks are potentially so close to empirical inquiry, they take
different forms depending upon the research question or problem.
Conceptualization is a process of forming ideas, which utilized and forms
conceptual framework for development of research design. It helps the researcher to
know what data need to be collected and given direction to an entire research process.
A framework is an abstract, theoretical basis for a study that enables the researcher to
link the findings to nursing‟s body of knowledge. Conceptualization is a process of
forming ideas which utilize and form a conceptual framework for a particular study.
The conceptual frame work selected for the study was based on General
system Theory by Bertanlanffy (1968). Researcher believes that the psychodrama will
enhance the knowledge about care of schizophrenia among staff nurses.
7
According to him general system theory is a “Science of wholeness and its
purpose is to unite scientific thinking across disciplines and which provide frame
work for analyzing the whole of any given system”.
Ludwig Von Bertanlanffy defines system “as a complex interaction” which
means that system consists of two or more converted elements which form an
organized whole and which interact with each other rather than loss of single function.
In all system activity can be resolved in to an aggregation of feedback, circuits such
as input, through put and output. The system acts as a whole dysfunction of a part
causes a system disturbance. The feedback circuit helps in the maintenance of an
intact system.
Input
Input is any form of energy or information, material or human that enters into
a system through its boundary. In the present study input refers to assessment of the
knowledge on chemotherapy and development of information booklet.
Throughput
Through put is the use of input, i.e., energy, matter and information for the
maintenance of homeostasis of the system. Through dynamic interaction with the
environment the system changes information in different forms. In the present study
throughput refers to intervening the information booklet on chemotherapy.
Output
Output is the energy, material or information that is transferred to the
environment. Changes are the feature of the process that is observable and measurable
8
as output which should be different from that which is entered into the system i.e.,
input. In the present study output refers to as the evaluation of target group for change
in knowledge regarding chemotherapy after information booklet. In the present study
the structured knowledge questionnaire is adopted to determine the knowledge of the
staff nurses regarding chemotherapy. Reassessment is done after the teaching session
with the same knowledge questionnaire.
Feedback
Feedback refers to the process by which information is received at each stage
of the system and feed back as input to guide/direct in its evaluation. In the present
study feedback is not included.
9
INPUT
THROUGHPUT
OUTPUT
POSTTEST TO ANALYSE THE

EFFECT OF PSYCHODRAMA

Assessment of pre-
test knowledge
regarding
chemotherapy.

Development of
information
Administration Gain in No gain in
booklet on of
chemotherapy knowledge knowledge

Development of information
regarding
tool to assess the booklet to staf
knowledge chemotherapy
nurses
GOOD OR EXCELLENT
KNOWLEDGE
NOT INCLUDED IN THIS STUDY
Figure: - 1: Conceptual Framework of the study based on Ludwig Von Bertalanffy‟s General system model.
10
SUMMARY
This chapter deals with the introduction, need for study, and statement of problem,
objectives, hypothesis, operational definition, delimitations, assumptions, and
conceptual framework. The conceptual framework used in this study was Ludwig Von
Bertalanffy‟s General system model.
11
CHAPTER-II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The review of literature is a broad, comprehensive in depth, systematic and
critical review of scholarly publications, unpublished scholarly print materials,
audiovisual materials and personal communications. It is a key step in research
process. One of the most satisfying aspects of literature review is the contribution it
makes to the new knowledge, insight and general scholarship of the researches.
Thus review of literature is an essential stet in the development of the
research project. It helps the research to design the proposed study in a scientific
manner so as to achieve the desired result. It help to determine the gaps consistencies
in the available literature about the particular subject under the study.
The chapter attempts to present a review of study done, methodology
adopted and conclusion assured by earlier investigator, which help to study the
problem in depth. The resource to obtain and more information on the selected topic
was internet search, textbook, published, journals, conference, proceeding and
published and un published thesis.
In the present study the literature review has been organized under the following
headings.
1) Studies regarding staff nurse‟s knowledge regarding chemotherapy.
2) Studies on effectiveness of information booklet on chemotherapy.
3) Studies on effectiveness of various teaching programs on
chemotherapy.
12
A survey on knowledge assessment and information needs of oncology nurses
regarding in patient medication was conducted to determine how nurses master
medications prescribed to their patients and problems nurses may have with
prescribed drugs and identify possible support tools. About ninety four
percentages of dosage were familiar to participants. The problems nurses having
related to medications were, in order of frequency, difficulties with notions of
therapeutic equivalents and generic drugs (89%), storage condition (81%) and
dilution, reconstruction and administration methods (79%). However, side effects,
contraindications, and drug-drug interactions were not adequately identified.
Nurses reported facing problems mainly related to drug administration, drug
storage, and generic drugs and their therapeutic equivalence. Nurses need to be
made aware regarding handling of drugs by providing education and multiple
tools are in development to help nurses in these areas. 26
A study on Knowledge, Attitude and Safe Behavior of Nurses Handling
Cytotoxic Anticancer Drugs suggests that the level of knowledge of the nurses
concerning antineoplastics was not satisfactory. Findings for nurses‟ safety
behavior and usage of recommended health safety measures showed that,
notwithstanding the rules and regulations pertaining to chemotherapeutic drugs,
nurses did not comply with them fully. In service training is a very effective tool
to increase the level of knowledge. This study also revealed the necessity for
improvement of the working environment and the availability of appropriate
protective equipment.25
A study on the influence of nurses‟ knowledge, attitudes and health beliefs on
their safe behavior with cytotoxic drugs was conducted. Sixty‐one nurses
participated in the study, 31 hospital‐based nurses daily exposed to cytotoxic
13
drugs for the last 5 years. A gap was found between the nurses' knowledge and
their actual behavior concerning the potential risks of cytotoxic drugs and their
use of protective measures (p< .005). Significant correlations were found among
the components of the extensive Health Belief Model (perceived susceptibility,
barriers, benefits and self‐efficacy). The study's findings support the need to
promote primary prevention by providing a safe environment for the employee by
means of education, training with regard to safety measures, clear policy, written
guidelines and their enforcement. 27
A descriptive study on Cytotoxic drug spillages among nursing personnel
working in the chemotherapy administration areas was conducted to determine the
patterns of the cytotoxic drug spillages & the exposure of the nurses to these
spillages. An observational assessment was carried out in the Chemotherapy
administration areas (Radiotherapy Ward, Radiotherapy and Medical Day Care
Rooms) at a tertiary care hospital. During one month observation, 77.3% of the
nurses experienced small spills (< 5ml or 5 gms). The common site of the spillage
for more than half (52.9%) of the subjects was surface of preparation of the drug
and 47% experienced spillage over both surface of preparation and the gloves
worn by them. The prevalence of spill per person in all the three research settings
was 1.3, 2 and 3.6 respectively for Radiotherapy Ward, Radiotherapy and Medical
Day Care Chemotherapy rooms. The mean (no. of spillages) ± S.D = 2.53 ± 1.74.
The comparison of difference in terms of spills occurrence in three research
settings using KruskalWalli's test. A significant difference was observed in
occurrence of spills among three research settings with KruskalWalli's P value of
0.008.When three Research settings were evaluated for significant difference
among themselves using post hoc analysis, it was found that subjects in Medical
14
Day Care experienced significantly higher spills than the subjects working in
Radiotherapy Ward and Radiotherapy Day Care with P value of 0.006 and 0.051.
Results suggest that drug spills are common in chemotherapy administration
areas. Guidelines to manage the cytotoxic drug spills to be displayed in the unit
and a "chemotherapy spill kit" to manage cytotoxic spills should be made
available in all the chemotherapy administration areas. 29
Across sectional study on the handling of anticancer drugs shows that only seven
(58%) of the 12 hospitals investigated, had a written policy for handling such
hazardous chemicals. Staff nurses were involved in preparation of cytotoxic drugs
in three (25%) hospitals, while domestic staffs were involved in cleaning up
spillage in five (42%) hospitals. Administration of these drugs was mainly carried
out by nursing (42%) or both staff. The site of preparation was considered
unsuitable in five hospitals (42%), due to either lack of essential equipment such
as vertical laminar flow cabinet (33%) or use of the site for preparing other drugs
gloves were used during preparation in all of these hospitals, while eye spectacles
and surgical face masks were used in six (50%) hospitals, and gowns or aprons
were used in 9 (75%). Special trays or absorbent sheets for preparation were used
in 75%, while a special pad to break open ampoules was used in 50% of
investigated hospitals. A vertical laminar flow cabinet was used in 67%, and Luer
lock syringe fittings in 75%. Only in one hospital was air expelled from syringes
into a special pad. The study revealed serious inadequacies in equipment and
expertise in handling cytotoxic agents in some of the investigated hospitals. These
range from absence of written policies to lack of essential facilities and proper
training and practice. Although some effort has been made to promote the
standard of safety handling of cytotoxic drugs.
15
A Study was conducted in Turkey by kosgevoglu ln 200S8 he evaluated the
method of
administration nurses used during chemotherapeutic drugs preparation and
administration. The ratio of nurses uses are safety cabinet during the preparation of
chemotherapeutic drugs was very low at 14.2% only 7.4% of nurses had received in-
service education about chemotherapeutic.
A Study was conducted in Newyork by Jezeuiski M.A.in 2006. Conducted descriptive
coordinating study to determine oncology nurses knowledge attitude experience
regarding chemotherapy. Among 3840 oncology nursrs of which 794 responded the
result showed that nurses knowledge score ware low.
A study was conducted by Gibson F in 2012 to explone the knowledge attitude
and beliefs of nurses who administer to chemotherapy to children and young people
286 nurses were the sample of study. the study showed that nurses new to
chemotherapy administration care initially anxious about there rele and due to their
anxious stat make drug error.
A study was conducted to determine the current patterns of use of personal
protective equipment among oncology nurses while handling antineoplastic
chemotherapeutic agents in outpatient and office-based settings. More than 94% of
participants reported usually wearing gloves during chemotherapy handling; 55%
reported using laboratory coats as protective garments. The study concluded that usual
use of face and respiratory protection was less than 6%. Chemotherapy was reported to be
prepared in laminar air flow hoods in 99% of work settings. Only 46% of sites reportedly
provided any type of medical monitoring. Use and availability of personal protective
equipment when handling chemotherapy have increased, but medical
16
monitoring of exposed employees still is neither widely practice consistent with
OSHA guidelines.13
A study was conducted to determine the current patterns of use of personal
protective equipment among oncology nurses while handling antineoplastic
chemotherapeutic agents in outpatient and office-based settings. More than 94% of
participants reported usually wearing gloves during chemotherapy handling; 55%
reported using laboratory coats as protective garments. The study concluded that usual
use of face and respiratory protection was less than 6%. Chemotherapy was reported
to be prepared in laminar air flow hoods in 99% of work settings. Only 46% of sites
reportedly provided any type of medical monitoring. Use and availability of personal
protective equipment when handling chemotherapy have increased, but medical
monitoring of exposed employees still is neither widely practice consistent with
OSHA guidelines.13
A study was conducted to determine both the level of information that nurses
possessed and the method of administration nurses used during chemotherapeutic
drug preparation and administration. Nurses showed that their actual administration
method was insufficient according to their level of information, with average
administration evaluations of 5·46 for protection of the environment and 6·59 for self-
protection. The ratio for nurses‟ usage of the safety cabinet during the preparation of
chemotherapeutic drugs was very low at 14·2%. Only 7·4% of nurses had received in-
service education about chemotherapeutics. Thus, it has been recognized that nurses‟
information and administrations during preparation and administration of
chemotherapeutic drugs are of utmost vital importance in removing the harmful
effects of chemotherapeutic agents.16
17
A study was done to determine patterns of personal protective equipment used
by oncology nurses while handling hazardous drugs and to assess knowledge of the
2004 National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Alert and its
effect on precaution use. Forty-seven percent of respondents were aware of the
NIOSH Alert. Thirty-five percent of all participants and 93% of nurses in private
practice settings reported preparing chemotherapy. Glove use (95%-100%) was higher
than that reported in earlier studies, and gown use for drug preparation (65%), drug
administration (50%), and handling excretions (23%) have remained unchanged.
Double-gloving was rare (11%-18%).. The study concluded that nurses lack
awareness of current safety guidelines and further studies and teaching programmes
are recommended.17
A study was conducted to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of
Cypriot nurses on their exposure to antineoplastic agents. . Most of the participants
reported high levels of compliance with the use of personal protective equipment such
as gloves and protective gown (95.4%, and 84.5%) during reconstitution of
antineoplastic agents, respectively. Almost all nurses (98.8%) reported use of a safety
cabinet during preparation, however only 53.4% reported that they have annual
medical checkups and only 33% reported having received specialized training. While
the level of knowledge about antineoplastic agents is high among nurses, along with
the level of personal protective equipment use, medical surveillance and employee
training seems to be lagging behind. Further research may help us identify the reasons
for such discrepancy.18
18
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHDOLOGY
Research methodology aims to describe and analyze methods, throw light on
their limitations and resources, clarify their predispositions and consequences, relating
their potentialities to the twilight zone at the frontiers of knowledge. It is a way to
systematically solve the research problem by logically adopting various steps. The
methodology of research indicates the general pattern of organizing procedure of
gathering valid and reliable data for the problem under investigation.
Research methodology includes the research approach, research design,
setting of the study, sampling technique, selection and development of study
instruments, pilot study and method of data collection, plan for data analysis and
ethical considerations.
Research approach
Research approach implies a set of methods and techniques for designing a
study and collecting and analyzing data related to the study with a prime goal to
assess the effectiveness of the study. The evaluative approach was used to assess the
knowledge regarding chemotherapy among staff nurses.
Research design
The research design is the arrangement of conditions for collection and
analysis of data in a manner that aims to combine relevance to the research purpose
19
with economy in procedure. To evaluate the effect of intervention the investigator
selected one group pretest posttest design.
Table 1: Representation of research design
Pre –test Intervention Post-test
O1 X O2
Keys
O1 = pre-test observation
X = information booklet.
O2 = post –test observation.
20
Target population
Staff nurses who working in cancer hospital
Accessible population
Background variables
Staff nurse of J.P. Hospital Bhopal.
Age
Gender
Education status
Sampling technique
Year of experience
Convenient sampling
Area of experience
Previous information Sample size
regarding chemotherapy
Staff nurse (50)
Source of previous
experience
Pre-test
Intervention
Post-test
Data analysis and interpretation
Inferential and descriptive analysis
Findings Dissemination (thesis)
Figure 2 schematic representation of research design
21
Variables under study
Variables are the qualities, properties or characteristics of persons, things or
situations that change or vary and are manipulated or measured in research
Independent variables
In this study, information booklet regarding chemotherapy is the independent
variable.
Dependent variables
In the study knowledge regarding chemotherapy is the dependent variable.
Extraneous variables
Age, Gender, educational status, Year of experience, Area of experience,
Previous information regarding chemotherapy, Source of previous information.
Population
Polit and Hungler (2004) referred “population as the entire set of the
individuals or subjects having common characteristics, sometimes referred to as
universe”. Population may be of two types, target population and accessible
population.
Target population: The target population refers to the population that the
researcher wishes to make generalization on his research. In this study the target
population was staff nurse who working in hospital.
22
Accessible population: It refers to the aggregate of cases which is accessible
to the researcher for conducting the study. In this research the accessible population
was staff nurse of JAWAHAR LAL NAHRU hospital and research centre Bhopal.
Sample and sample size
A sample is composed of some fraction or part of the total number of elements
or units in a defined population. Sampling is the method of selecting some fraction of
a population. Sample consists of the subset of the population selected to participate in
the research study.
In this study 50 staff nurse of Jwaharlala Nahru Hospital and Research Centre
is selected as samples. The sample size was determined on the basis of type of study,
variables being studied, the statistical significance required and availability of sample
and feasibility of conducting the study.
Sampling technique
The purpose of using a sampling technique is to increase the representativeness and to
decrease bias and sampling error. In this study convenient sampling technique was
adopted to select subjects as they fulfilled the inclusion criteria.
Criteria for the selection of sample
Inclusion criteria

Registered staff nurse

Staff nurses those who are working in cancer hospital.

Those who are willing in study
23
Exclusion criteria

Those who were not present at the time of the study.

Those who were not willing to participate in the study
Research setting
Setting refers to the area where the study is conducted. It is the physical location
and condition in which data collection takes place in a study. The selection of an
appropriate setting for conducting a study is crucial for its successful completion
The study was conducted in Jawaharlal neharu hospital and research centre at
Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh.
Development of the tool
An instrument in research refers to the tools asked for collecting data. A
structured knowledge questionnaire with multiple choice questions was prepared by
the investigator to assess the knowledge regarding chemotherapy among staff nurses. .
Review of literature. The literature from books, journals, periodicals, published
and unpublished articles.
Research studies are reviewed before preparing the tool
Development of blue print: a blue print is prepared prior to preparing the
questionnaire to include questions to assess the knowledge regarding
chemotherapy among staff nurses. First draft of questionnaire is prepared and is
sent for content validity to various experts.
24
After the content validity, the final draft on questionnaire is prepared and is used
in the study.
Description of tool
In order to determine the existing knowledge and evaluate the effectiveness of
information booklet on chemotherapy among staff nurses who working in cancer
hospital, a closed ended structured questionnaire was constructed with a total number
of 25 items.
Section A: Demographic data
Section B: Knowledge questionnaire regarding chemotherapy among staff nurses.
Section A; demographic data
It consists of the following items such as Age, gander, education status, year of
experience, area of experience, previous information regarding chemotherapy, source
of previous information.
Section B: Knowledge questionnaire regarding chemotherapy.
It consists of 25 closed ended questionnaires for assessing knowledge
regarding chemotherapy.
The items were of multiple choice types with one correct answer and each
carrying on score of one. Thus total maximum score would be 25. The score were
arbitrarily graded as 0-6 is poor, 7-12 is average and 13-18 is good and 19-25 is
excellent. The tool was prepared in English to facilitate better comprehension.
25
Content validity of the tool
Content validity refers to the degree to which whether an instrument
accurately measures what it is supposed to measure. The prepared instrument along
with validity seeking letter, acceptance form, problem statement, objectives,
hypothesis, operational definitions, blue print, criteria checklist and answer key was
submitted to experts in the field of mental health for the content validity. Suggestions
and recommendations given by experts were accepted and necessary corrections were
done for modifying the tool.
Reliability of the tool
Reliability of the research instrument is the degree of consistency with which
it measures the attribute what it is suppose to measure. The tool was tested for
reliability in 10 staff nurse of cancer hospital. The reliability of the test was found by
using the spearman brown split half method which measures the co-efficient of
internal consistency. The reliability of the tool was found to be r = 0.84 for knowledge
questionnaire.
Preparation of information booklet
According to the plan information booklet was developed by the investigator
himself and after receiving suggestions from experts.
Pilot study
Pilot study is the small scale version of the major study. Its function is to
obtain information of improving the project or for assessing feasibility. The principle
focus is the assessment of adequacy of measurement. Pilot study was conducted to
26
find out feasibility of the study. The J.N.C.H .& R.C.was selected for pilot study.
Total 10 staff nurses were selected by purposive sampling, permission of the study
was obtained from the hospital administrators.
The samples for pilot study possess the same characteristics as that of the
sample for final study. The pilot study was conducted in two phases. The first phase, a
questionnaire on knowledge regarding chemotherapy to 10 staff nurse with the
instruction to complete it, and then information booklet was administered on the same
day. On the 3rd day post-test with the same closed ended structured questionnaire was
given to evaluate the effectiveness of the information booklet. The completed data
was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Data collection procedure
The written permission is it ther in annexure was obtained from the directors
and the data collection was planned as per the convenience time of the nurses. The
respondents were assured the anonymity and confidentiality of the information
provided by them. Data was collected from 1/2/2017-28/2/2017. On the first day to
assess the knowledge of the staff nurses, a pre test with closed ended structured
knowledge questionnaire in English was administered. After collecting the data, the
information booklet was administered on the same. Next day post-tests were
conducted with the same tool to evaluate the effectiveness of the information booklet.
Plan for analysis of data
The analysis of data involves the translation of information collected during
the course of a research project into interpretable and manageable forms. It involves
the use of statistical procedures to give organization and meaning to data. One group
27
pre-test post-test design will be used to evaluate the effectiveness of information
booklet.
Organize data in master sheet.
Demographic variables would be analyzed by using frequency and percentage.
Unpaired t test will be used for comparison between two groups.
Data will be presented in tables, graphs, and diagrams.
Ethical consideration
The research title and objectives were approved by the research ethical
committee.
Permission for the study was obtained from the nursing superintendent of
Metro hospital. An informed consent was also obtained from the respondents after
proper explanation about the purpose, usefulness and implication of the study and
assurance was given about the confidentiality of their responses. Staff nurses had the
right to quit the study at any point.
Summary
This chapter presented the research approach, design, population, sample,
sampling technique, selection and development of tools, development of information
booklet and procedure for data collection. The study design was pre-experimental
design. The pre-test was assessed before administering information booklet. The data
were analyzed using statistical tests like t test.
28
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Data analysis and interpretation
Analysis is the process of organizing and synthesizing data in such a way that
research questions can be answered and the hypothesis tested. Interpreting the
findings is the most challenging and structured step in the research finding which
requires the investigator to be creative.
This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of the data collected in
order to compare and determine the effectiveness of the information booklet. The
main purpose of this chapter is to summarize, organize, evaluate, interpret and
communicate numeric information.
Objectives of the study
among staff nurses working in selected hospital at Bhopal.
2. To Find the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding
side effects of chemotherapy drugs among among staff nurses working in
selected hospital at Bhopal.
3. To Find an association between pre-test knowledge score regarding side
effects of chemotherapy drugs and selected demographic variables.
29
Project outcome (hypothesis)
H0:- There is a significant difference between pre test and post test knowledge
regarding Chemotherapy among staff nurses.
H1:- There is a significant association between pretest knowledge regarding

chemotherapy and selected demographic variables.
Organization of the findings
The findings of the study ware organized in terms of the objectives tested. The
data are presented under the following headings.
Section I: data on background factors of staff nurses included in the study.
Section II: data on pretest and posttest knowledge regarding chemotherapy.
Section III: - Data on effectiveness of information booklet on chemotherapy
for staff nurses.
Section IV: - Data on association between knowledge regarding
chemotherapy and demographic variables.
30
SECTION 1: DATA ON BACKGROUND FACTORS OF STAFF NURSES
In this study majority 58% staff nurse are in the age group of 20-24 years, 20% staff
nurses are in the age group of 25-29 years, 18% staff nurse are in the age group of 30-
34 years and 4% staff nurses are in the age group of >34 years.
Age
58%
30%
25%
20%
20‐24
15%
20% 25‐29
18%
10% 30‐34
4% >34
5%
0%
20‐24 25‐29 30‐34 >34
Figure:-1 Pyramid diagram reveals percentage distribution of staff nurses age.
31
In this study majority 88% staff nurses were females and 12% were males.
Gender
88%
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Series1
0.4
0.3 12%
0.2
0.1
0
Male Female
Figure:-2 Cone diagram reveals percentage distribution of staff nurses gender.
32
In this study 48% staff nurses are G.N.M., 48% staff nurses are B.sc nursing and 4%
staff nurses are Post B.sc.
Education status
G.N.M.
B.sc nsg
Post B.sc
M.sc
Figure:-3 Cone diagram shows the percentage distribution of staff nurses
educational status.
In this study majority 52% staff nurse are less than 2 year experienced, 32 % staff
nurse are 2-4 year experienced and remaining 16% staff nurse are more than 4 year
experienced.
33
Year of experience
16%
52% < 2 Yrs

2‐4 Yrs
32%
> 4 Yrs
Figure:-4 Pie diagram shows the percentage distribution of staff nurses year of
experience.
In this study 26% staff nurse have General ward experience, 34 % staff nurses have
ICU experience, 12% staff nurse have Cancer ward experience and 28% staff nurse
have other areas experience.
34
Area of experience
28% 26%
General
ward
ICU
12%
34%
Figure:-5 Pie diagram shows the percentage distribution of staff nurses area of
experience.
35
In this study 70% staff nurses have previous information regarding chemotherapy and
30% staff nurses doesn‟t have any previous information regarding chemotherapy.
Previous information regarding chemotherapy
80%
70%
60%
50%
Yes
40% 70%
No
30%
20% 30%
10%
0%
Yes No
Figure:-6 cylindrical diagrams show the previous information regarding
chemotherapy of staff nurses.
36
In this study 22% staff nurses have previous information regarding
chemotherapy through In-service education, 16% staff nurses have previous
information regarding chemotherapy through Mass media, and 18% staff nurses have
previous information regarding chemotherapy through Journals and books, 22% staff
nurses have previous information regarding chemotherapy through others sources.
Source of previous experience

25%
22% 22%
In service
20% 18% educatio
16% n
Mass
15%
media
Journals
10%
and
books
5%
0%
Figure:-7 cylindrical diagrams show the percentage distribution of staff nurses
source of previous experience regarding chemotherapy.
37
SECTION II: DATA ON PRE-TEST AND POST-TEST KNOWLEDGE
REGARDING CHEMOTHERAPY.
Table3: Shows level of pre –test and post-test knowledge scores on chemotherapy
among staff nurses.
N = 50
Group Level of knowledge Pre -test Poet -test
Poor (0-6) 4 0
Average (7-12) 33 0
Staff nurses of
J.N.C.H.&R.C Good (13-18) 13 13
Bhopal
Excellent (19-25) 0 37
Table shows in pre-test 4(8%) staff nurses had poor knowledge, 33(66%) staff nurses
had average knowledge and 13(26%) staff nurses had good knowledge. In post-test
13(26%) staff nurses had good knowledge and 37(74%) staff nurses had good
knowledge.
38
Comparison of pre-test and past-test knoeledge
40 37
35 33
30
25
25
20
13
15
13 Series1
10 0 Series2
4 0
5
0 Series2
Poor Series1
Average
Good
Excellent
Figure:-8 pyramid diagram shows comparison of level of pre -test and post-test
knowledge scores on care of schizophrenia among staff nurses.
39
SECTION II1: - DATA ON EFFECTIVENESS OF INFORMATION
BOOKLET ON STAFF NURSES.

For the purpose of the study the following null hypothesis was stated.
H01: There is no significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge
score.
Table : Mean, standard deviation, mean difference, t value regarding pre -test
and post-test knowledge among staff nurses.

n = 50
Group Pre -test Post-test

Paired t test
values
Staff nurses Mean SD Mean SD MD

of Jawaharlala
Nuharu
Hospital&
Resurch Center
t = -19.4
t table value =49
10.7 3.09 19.7 2.39 9 p = 0. 0001
S
S: Significant, SD: standard deviation, MD: mean deviation, level of significance
= 0.05
The obtained post-test mean value (19.7) was higher than pre -test mean
value (10.7). The mean difference value is (9) and the obtained‟ test value is -19.4
which is found to be greater than the„t‟ table value (). Since the obtained t value is
not significant at p < 0.05 level therefore null hypothesis is rejected. It is inferred that
there is significant difference in knowledge among staff nurses after information
booklet on chemotherapy.
40
Line graph shows post-test scores are higher than pre-test scores regarding
chemotherapy among staff nurses.
Series2
Series1
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49
Figure:-9 Line graph shows overall comparison of pre -test and post-test
knowledge scores on care of schizophrenia among staff nurses.
41
SECTION: - DATA ON ASSOCIATION BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE
REGARDING CHEMOTHERAPY AND DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES.
H02: There is no significant association between pre- test knowledge score and their
Table10:- Data on association between pre-test knowledge and demographic
variables.
N 50
Sl. Demographic Categori Total <Median >Media Result

No variables es Number 11 n
1. Age 20-24 29 17 12 Chi

25-29 10 5 5 square=1.940
30-34 9 6 3 P=0.585
>34 2 2 0 Df=3
NS
2. Gender Male 6 4 2 Chi
Female 44 26 18 square=0.126
P=0.722
Df=3
NS
3. Education G.N.M. 27 15 12 Chi
status B.sc 21 14 7 Square=0.six9
Post B.sc 2 1 1 4
M.sc 0 0 0 P=0.707
Df=2
NS
4. Year of < 2 year 26 16 10 Chi
experience 2-4 year 16 10 6 square=0.401
>4 year 8 4 4 P=0.818
Df=2
NS
5. Area of General 13 10 3 Chi
experience ward Square=1.82S
ICU 17 10 7 I
Cancer 6 4 2 P=0.SIX11
ward Df=3
Other 14 7 7 NS
ward
42
6. Previous Yes 35 18 17 Chi
information No 15 12 3 square=1.72
regarding P=0.1
chemotherapy Df=1
NS
7. Source of In service 11 5 6 Chi
previous education Square=11.15
information Mass 4 4 0 2
medias P=0.011
Journals & 9 6 3 Df=3
books S*
Others 11 2 9
The table shows association between background variables and pre -test knowledge
among care givers. This shows there is no significant association between any of the
background variables with knowledge. The result showed that there is no significant
association between any of the background variables with knowledge except sources
of previous information. For all other variables the p > 0.05 there for the null
hypothesis is accepted. But in sources of previous information the chi square value is
11.152 and the p value is 0.0109 which is less than 0.05 there for alternative
hypothesis is accepted which mean there is a significant association between the
variable and knowledge.
43
SUMMARY
This chapter deals with the statistical analysis and interpretation of data.
The objectives of the study were attained through various statistical method and
interpretation. The samples characteristics were dealt with frequencies and
percentages. Descriptive statistics was used to find out the mean, median and SD.
Inferential statistics was computed to find out the association.
44
CHAPTER V
DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION, MAJOR FINDINGS,
SUMMARY, IMPLICATION &
RECOMMENDATION
The chapter presents the major findings of the study and discusses them in
relation to similar studies conducted by other researchers. The study was conducted to
assess the effectiveness of information booklet on care of chemotherapy. The findings
of the study have been discussed with reference to the objectives and hypothesis
stated with findings of other studies.
Objectives of the study
among staff nurses working in selected hospital at Bhopal.
2. To Find the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding
side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses working in selected hospital
at Bhopal.
3. To Find an association between Pre-test knowledge score regarding side
effects of chemotherapy drugs and selected demographic variable.
4. To find the association between pre-test knowledge score with their

Project outcome (hypothesis)
H1: There is a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge
score.
45
H2: There is a significant association between pre- test knowledge score and
their demographic variables.
The findings of the study discussed based on objectives.
Demographic characteristics of the study
In this study majority 58% are in the age group of 20-24 years. Among the
participants majority (88%) were females. In this study majority (54%) staff nurse are
G.N.M. Majority of in this study staff nurses have less than 2 year experience
(50%).Majority of staff nurses are residing in joint family (75%). Majority of staff
nurses had monthly income 10001-15000. About half of the staff nurses patient had 3-
5 years of disease duration. About 41.7 % staff nurses are exposed to television.
Objective 1: To assess the pre-test knowledge regarding side effects of
The obtained mean pre-test value for the knowledge was 10.7. Majority of
staff nurses during pretest had poor (4) or average (33) knowledge. This shows that
there is a need for proper education for chemotherapy.
Objective 2: To assess the post-test knowledge regarding side effects of
After post-test the obtained mean knowledge score was 19.7 which is higher
than pretest mean. After post-test majority 13 staff nurses had excellent knowledge
and 37 staff nurses had excellent knowledge regarding chemotherapy.
46
This shows the improvement of knowledge regarding chemotherapy after information
booklet.
Objective 3: To compare the Pre-test and Post-test scores on knowledge regarding
side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses.
After the pretest and post-test the scores were compared, the obtained mean
difference was 9 which showed the highly improved knowledge score after
information booklet. To test hypothesis t-test were used for analyze the data. The
obtained„t‟ value is -19.7 and the t- table value is the obtained„t‟ value is
significantly higher than„t‟ table value. Since the obtained t value is not significant at
p < 0.05 level therefore null hypothesis is rejected. It is inferred that there is
significant difference in knowledge among staff nurses after the administration of
information booklet on staff nurses.
Objective 4: To find the association between pre-test knowledge score with their
In this study association between pre-test knowledge score with demographic
variables were analyzed by using chi- square test. The result showed that there is no
significant association between any of the background variables with knowledge
except sources of previous information. For all other variables the p > 0.05 there for
the null hypothesis is accepted. But in sources of previous information the chi square
value is 11.152 and the p value is 0.0109 which is less than 0.05 there for alternative
hypothesis is accepted which mean there is a significant association between the
47
SUMMARY
The study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of information booklet on
chemotherapy among staff nurses in Jawaharlala Nahru Hospital & Research Center,
Bhopal. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, one group pre-test post-test
design with evaluative approach was adopted. The data was collected from 50
respondents before and after the administration of the information booklet.
Major findings
The mean pretest knowledge score in this study was 10.7
The obtained mean post-test score was 19.7
The mean difference was 9.
The obtained t-test value is -19.4 which is not significant at 0.05 levels.
This indicates the effectiveness of the study.
Chi-square value indicates that there is no association between pretest

knowledge and any of the background variables. But in sources of
previous information the chi square value is 11.152 and the p value is
0.0109 which is less than 0.05 there for alternative hypothesis is
accepted which mean there is a significant association between the
Nursing implications
The findings of the study have implications on nursing practice, nursing
education, nursing administration and nursing research.
48
Nursing practice
The nurse plays a key role in knowledge regarding chemotherapy. In practice the
nurses can use the information booklet for group chemo education to patient and their
staff nurses. Once developed information booklet can administered easily.
Nursing education
Nurse educator could use the findings of the study to introduce the topic
among students. This information booklet is useful for the nursing teachers to teach
about chemotherapy to nursing students. In service and continuing education program
can be conducted for staff nurses to develop further knowledge about chemotherapy.
Nursing research
The study will be a valuable reference for future researchers. Another study can be
done with larger sample. Other researchers conducting further studies in the same
field could utilize the suggestions and recommendations.
Limitations of the study
Only one hospital was selected for the study due to limited time for data
collection.
A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on knowledge
regarding chemotherapy; the responses were, therefore restricted.
Lack of random sampling technique hinders the generalization of results.
The sample size was limited.
49
Recommendations

A similar study can be replicated on a large scale and for longer period for
more reliability and effectiveness.

Randomization of the groups needs to be done.

Can be conducted as a true experimental study.

A descriptive study can be conduct to assess the staff nurses stress and burden
about patient care.

Co relational studies can be conduct to find the correlation between staff
nurses knowledge and patients well being.
Summary
The researcher felt a deep sense of satisfaction and fulfillment for having
undertaken the study. The study provided the investigator with deeper insight about
chemotherapy. The direction from the guide, expert opinions and help from the staffs
of the college made the study fruitful and interesting.
50
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3. Ryan, J., Heckler, C. E., Roscoe, J. A., Dakhil, S. R., Kirshner, J., Flynn, P. J.,
…Morrow, G., R. (2012, July). Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute
chemotherapy-induced nausea: A URCC CCOP study of 576
patients. Support Care Cancer 207, 1479-1489. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361530/
4. What about chemo side effects? (2016, March 15). Retrieved
from https://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatments-and-side-effects/treatment-
types/chemotherapy/what-chemo-is-and-how-it-helps/chemo-side-effects.html
5. Beil, L. (2017, March 4). Instead of starving a cancer, researchers go after its
defenses. Science News 1914. Retrieved
from https://www.sciencenews.org/article/instead-starving-cancer-researchers-
go-after-its-defenses
6. Janelsins, M. C., Kohli, S., Mohile, S. G., Usuki, K., Ahles, T. A., & Morrow,
G. R. (2011, June). An update on cancer- and chemotherapy-related cognitive
dysfunction: Current status. Seminars in Oncology 383, 431-438. Retrieved
from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3120018/
54
7. Ryan, J., Heckler, C. E., Roscoe, J. A., Dakhil, S. R., Kirshner, J., Flynn, P. J.,
…Morrow, G., R. (2012, July). Ginger (Zingiber officinale) reduces acute
chemotherapy-induced nausea: A URCC CCOP study of 576
patients. Support Care Cancer 207, 1479-1489. Retrieved from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361530/
8. Horton, J. (2006) Breast cancer in 2020: What can we expect? Cancer
Detection and Prevention, 30,109-110. doi:10.1016/j.cdp.2006.03.003
9. Ali, T.S. and Baig, S. (2006) Evaluation of a cancer awareness campaign:
Experience with a selected population in Karachi. Asian Pacific Journal of
Cancer Prevention, 7, 391-395.
10. Considine, J., Livingston, P., Bucknall, T. and Botti, M. (2008) A review of
the role of emergency nurses in management of chemotherapy-related
complications. Clinical Nursing, 18, 2649-2655.
11. Verity, R., Wiseman, T., Ream, E., Alderman, E. and Richardson, A. (2008)
Exploring the work of nurses who administer chemotherapy. European of
Oncology Nursing, 12, 244-252.
12. Papa, D., Kampitsi, A., Katsaragakis, S., Leventelis, C., Papageorgiou, D. and
Papadouri, A. (2010) Assessing Hellenic oncology nurses‟ knowledge and
practice about chemotherapy handling and administration.
13. Jones, L. and Coe, P. (2004) Extravasations. European Oncology Nursing
Society, 8, 355-358. doi:10.1016/j.ejon.2003.10.003
55
ANNEXURE-I
LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT
PILOT STUDY
56
ANNEXURE-II
LETTER SEEKING PERMISSION TO CONDUCT
FINAL STUDY
57
ANNEXURE-III
STRUCTURED KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONNAIRE
DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES
Kindly provide information of the following by placing a tick mark on the relevant
items. The information provided by you will keep confidential and will be used
only for the research purpose.
1. Age
a. 20-24
b. 25-29
c. 30-34
d. 34 and above
2. Gender
a. Male
b. Female
3. Education status
a. G.N.M.
b. B. sc Nursing
c. Post B.sc
d. M.sc
4. Year of experience
a. Less than 2 years
b. 2-4 years
c. More than 4 years
5. Area of experience
a. General ward
b. ICU
c. Cancer ward
d. Other areas
6. Do you have any previous information regarding chemotherapy?

a. Yes
b. No
7. If yes, source of your previous information.

a. In service education
b. Mass medias
c. Journals and books
d. Others
58
SECTION-B
KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONAIRES REGARDING
CHEMOTHERAPY
Kindly answer the following questions by putting a „tick‟ mark against the
option given below
1. What is chemotherapy?
a. Destroy rapidly growing cells
b. Destroy infectious cells
c. Process of killing necrotised cells
d. All of above
2. The action of chemotherapy is to..............
a. Destroy cancer cells
b. Multiply of cancer cells
c. Necrosis of cancer cell
d. All of these
3. Chemotherapy helps to destroy..............
a. Normal cells
b. Inflamed cells
c. Rapid growing cells
d. Hypoxic cells
4. The purpose of chemotherapy is to...........
a. Reduce current symptoms
b. Reduce the chance of cancer spreading
c. Shrink tumor size
d. All of the above
5. How much percentage of tumour cells can be destroyed by chemo therapy?
a. 90%
b. 80%
c. 50%
d. 100%
59
6. Which disease is treated at first by chemotherapy?
a. Anemia
b. Syphilis
c. Acites
d. All of above
7. Chemotherapy drug causes......................
a. Only necrosis
b. Apoptosis
c. Both (a) and (b)
d. None of these
8. Which chemotherapeutic agent is most commonly administered by continuous
infusion?
a. ARA-c
b. 5-Fu
c. Cisplastin
d. Etoptoside
9. Which of the following condition is contraindicated for chemotherapy?
a. Renal surgery
b. Pregnancy
c. Bone marrow depression
d. All of above
10. Which of the following is a semi synthetic chemotherapeutic agent?
a. Ampicillin
b. Penicillin
c. Dexamethezone
d. Antacid
11. Some chemo drugs can damage cells ?
a. Heart
b. Kidney
c. Bladder
d. All of the above
60
12.The most common side effect of chemotherapeutic agent is...............
a. Nausea
b. Myelo suppression
c. Headache
d. all of the above
13. Which vitamins effects chemotherapy drugs
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin E
d. All of the above
14. Which type of gloves is used while administering chemotherapy drugs?
a. Surgical gloves
b. Medical gloves
c. Rubber gloves
d. Double gloves
15. chemotherapy can affect the production of blood cells
a. Red Blood Cell
b. White Blood Cell
c. Platelets
d. All of the above
16. What is mean by neo-adjuvant therapy?
a. Administering combination of 2-3 drugs
b. Administering several courses before surgical intervention
c. Administering chemotherapy along with radiation therapy
d. All of above
17. Mask is used by nursing staffs while administering chemotherapy is to .............
a. Prevent from respiratory infection
b. Prevent from communicable disease
c. Prevent from nosocomial infection
d. All of these
61
18. The pain in cancer patients can be reduced by...........
a. Morphine
b. Weak opoids
c. NSAIDS
d. All of these
19. What is the role of nurse before administering the chemotherapy?
a. Consent form
b. Check medicine
c. Check doctors order
d. All of these above
20) What will be the effect of fewer WBC count after chemotherapy?
a. Fatigue
b. Frequent infections
c. Risk of bleeding
d. Anemia
21) Which is a common hematological side effect of chemotherapy?
a. Fewer RBC
b. Fewer WBC
c. Fewer platelets
d. All of the above
22) What is the reason for administering chemotherapy drugs in cycles?
a. To maintain patients comfort
b. To prevent hair loss
c. To allow time for the body‟s normal cells to recover
d. All of the above
23) How the chemotherapeutic drugs are excreted from the body?
a. Sweat
b. Stool
c. Urine
d. All of above
62
24) Which colour is used to label chemotherapeutic drugs?
a. Yellow
b. Red
c. Brown
d. black
25) The duration of chemotherapy usually last for................
a. 2-4 cycles
b. 4-6 Cycles
c. 6-8 Cycles
d. 8-12 Cycles
63
ANNEXURE-V
KNOWLEDGE QUESTIONAIRES REGARDING
CHEMOTHERAPY
1) dseksFksjih D;k gS ?
v- dksf’kdkvksa dks tYnh [kRe djuk

c- dSalj 'ksy dks [kRe djuk
l- ladzfer dksf’kdkvksa dks [kRe djuk
n- lHkh
2) dseksFksjsih dh dkjokbZ djus ds fy, gS ?
v- dSalj 'kSy dks [kRe djuk

c- dSalj 'kSy dks c<kuk
l- dSalj 'kSy esa vkDlhtu dh deh
n- lHkh
3) dseksFksjsih dks u"V djus esa enn djrk gS ?
v- ukeZy 'kSy
c- 'kSy dks c<kuk
l- ladzfer 'kSy
n- gkbZifLd 'kSy
4) dseksFksjsih dk mns’; gS ?
v- rqjar fn[kus okys y{k.k dks de djrk gS

c- dSalj 'kSy vkSj dSlj 'kSy dks Qsyus ls jksdrk gS
l- xBku ds VkbZi
n- lHkh
5) V;wej dksf’kdk dk vf/kd izfr’kr dseksFksjsih }kjk u"V

fd;k tk ldrk gS ?
v- 90%
c- 80%
l- 50%
n- 100%
6) dseksFksjsih }kjk igys chekjh dk bykt fd;k tkrk gS ?
v- [kwu dh deh
c- flEQsflV
l- vlkbZfVd
n- lHkh
64
7) dseksFksjsih vkS"k/kh ds dkj.k ?
v- vkDlhtu dh deh
c- viVksfLl
l- v vkSj c
n- blesa ls dksbZ ugh
8) tks dseksFksjsih ,stsaV dks lkekU; :i ls fujarj }kjk

izlkflr fd;k tkrk gS ?
v- ARA-c
c- 5-Fu
l- fliykfLVu
n- bVksiVkslkbM
9) dseksFksjsih ds fy, fuEu 'krZ esa ls dkSu&dkSu lh

leL;k gS?
v- ozd dk vkWijs’ku
c- xjks/kj
l- gfMM;ks dk lnek
n- lHkh
10) blesa ls dkSu lk ,d v/kZ flfFkfVd dseksFksjsih ds
esFksjsR;wfVd ,stsaV gS ?
v- isuhflfyu
c- vefiflyhu
l- MsxlkeSFkktksy
n- ,uVk,flM
11) dqN dheksa nok,a dksf’kdkvksa dks uqdlku igqpka
ldrh gS?
v- gnz;
c- od`d
l- cSYMj
n- lHkh
12) dseksFksjsI;wfVd ,atsV dk lcls vke lkbZM bQsDV gS?
v- ftepykuk
c- ?kqVu gksuk
l- ljnnZ
n- lHkh
13) dseksFksjsih fdl foVkfeu nokbZvks ij izHkko djrh gS?

S
v- foVkfeu ,
c- foVkfeu lh
l- foVkfeu bZ
n- lHkh
65
14) dseksFksjsih nokvks dk iz’kklu djrs le; fdl izdkj ds
nLrkus dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS?
v- lftZdy eksts
c esfMdy eksts
l jcj okys eksts
n buesa ls dksbZ ugh
15) dseksFksjsih jDr dksf’kdkvksa ds mRiknu dks
izHkkfor dj ldrh g?S
v yky jDr df.kdk

c- Losr jDr df.kdk
l- IysysVl
n- lHkh
16) Neo-adjuvant fpfdRlk }kjk D;k eryc gS
v- 2&3 nokbZ;k ,d lkFk

c- ltZjh ds igys nh tkuh pkfg,
l dseksFksjsih vdsyh ;k lkFk esa jsMh;s’ku Fksjsih
n lHkh
17) dseksFksjsih ds iz’kklu ds nkSjku uflZxa LVkQ }kjk

eq[kksVk dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS
v- 'olu ds ladze.k ls cpkrk gS

c- dehfudsoy chekfj;ka ls cpkrk gS
l- ukSlksdksey ladze.k ls cpkrk gS
n- lHkh
18) dSlj ds jksfx;ks esa nnZ de gks ldrk gS
v- eksj fiu
c- ,u ,l , vkbZ Mh ,l
l- fod viksfMl
n- lHkh
19) dseksFksjsih ds iz’kklu ls igys ulZ dk D;k vlj gksxk
v- dUlyV QkeZ
c- nokbZ;ka psd djuh pkfg,
l- MkWDVj ds vkMZj ns[kuk pkfg,
n- lHkh
20) dseksFksjsih ds ckn de Losr jDr df.kdk dks de djrk
gSa
v- Fkduk
c- ladze.k dks c<krk gS
l- [kwu vkuk
n- [kwu dh deh
66
21) fgeVsVksykftdy ds nq"ifj.kke dseksFksjsih dks lkeU;

djrk gS
v- yky jDr df.kdk

c- Losr jDr df.kdk
l- IysysVl
n- lHkh
22) dseksFksjsih ds iz’kklu ds le; nokbZ;ks dk pdz gksrk
gS
v- islsVa dks dEQMZ j[kuk

c- cky dk >Muk de gksuk
l- 'kjhj ds 'kSy dks lk/kkj.k j[kuk c<kuk
n- lHkh
23) dseksFksjsih dh nokbZ;k 'kjhj ls dSls mRlftZr dh

tkrh gS
v- ilhuk vkuk
c- ey
l- ew=
n- lHkh
24) dseksFksjsih dh nokbZ;ksa esa fdl jax dk yscy
mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS
v- ihyk
c- yky
l- dFkkbZ
n- dkyk
25) vke rksj ij dseksFksjsih dh vof/k fdruh gksrh gS
v- 2 ls 4 lkbdy
c- 4 ls 6 lkbdy
l- 6 ls 8 lkbdy
n- 8 ls 12 lkbdy
67
ANNEXURE-VI
LETTER SEEKING EXPERTS OPINION FOR
CONTENT VALIDITY
To,
Through
The principal
Ojaswani nursing college
Sagar
Sir/ Madam
Sub: Requesting the opinion and suggestion of experts for establishing content
validity of the tools
I Bhagyashri raut II yr of M.Sc. Nursing student of Ojaswani nursing college
Sagar, have selected the topic “A Study to assess the effectiveness of self
instructional module on knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy
among staff nurses in selected hospitals at Bhopal (M.P.)”.For my research project
,which need of academic requirement for awarding M.Sc. Nursing degree.
With regard to this, I kindly request you to validate my tools for its
appropriateness and relevancy. I would be grateful to you for your help and guidance.
I would be highly obliged if you do the needful in this regard as soon as possible.
Thanking you
Place: Ojaswani Nursing college Your sincerely

Sagar
Bhagyashri Raut
Date:
M.Sc Nursing II year
Bhagyashri Raut
68
ANNEXURE-VII
CERTIFICATE OF CONTENT VALIDITY
This is to certify the tools developed by Bhagyashri Raut II year M.Sc.
Nursing student of ojaswani Nursing Nursing College (affiliated to Medical
University Jabalpur University)has been validated by Undersigned and can proceed
with this tool and conduct the main study for dissertation entitled
“A Study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on
knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses in selected
hospitals at Bhopal (M.P.)”
NAME:Bhagyashri Raut
DATE:
PLACE:
69
70
71
73
ANNEXURE-VIII
CRITERIA CHECKLIST FOR VALIDATION OF
TOOL
Respected sir/madam
Kindly go through the schedule and put tick mark against the following
column ranging from relevant when found to be not relevant and needs.
Modification kindly gives your opinion in the REMARK COLOUMN.
ITEM
NEED NOT
AREAS S RELEVANT REMARKS
MODIFICATION RELEVANT
NO.
TOOL :- 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
74
ANNEXURE-IX
LIST OF EXPERTS
1. Prof. (Mrs.) Sobia Gnana

Principal and HOD (MSN)
Sagar M.P.
2 Prof. (Mr.) Rajesh Kerkar

Vice Principal and HOD, (CHN)
Sagar M.P.
.
3. Prof. (Mrs.) Joy Brayna
HOD, (OBG)
Sagar M.P.
4 Mr.Ashok Dhakad
Associate professor (CH N)

Ojaswani college of nursing
75
ANNEXURE-X
LIST OF FORMULAS
1. Karl Pearson‟s correlation coefficient
Σ (x – x) (y – y)
r=
Σ (x – x)2 Σ (y – y)2
2. Unpaired „t‟ test
X1 – X2
t=
1 1
(n – 1)S12 + (n – 1)S22 +
n1 n2
n1 + n 2 ‐ 2
3: Mean
x
Mean X
n
4 Chi square formula
2 (o e) 2 e
76
DATA SHEETS
Demographic variables.
SL. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Total

1. A b a a b b d 13
2. A b b a b a c 16
3. B b b b a a c 7
4. A b b a b b b 7
5. A b a b a a c 8
6. A b b b a a c 5
7. C b a a d a a 10
8. A b b b a b b 9
9. C b b b c b b 9
10. B b b a a a b 11
11. B b a a d a d 9
12. A b b b c b b 9
13. A b a a d a a 6
14. D a a b a b a 11
15. B a a a b a a 8
16. C a b c b a d 5
17. B b a c d a a 7
18. A b b b c b d 16
19. A b c b b a a 13
20. A b a a a a c 9
21. C b a b c b a 12
22. A b b a b b d 8
23. A b a a a a c 8
24. A b b a d a b 14
25. A b b a b a b 11
26. A b a a d b a 11
27. C a a c b b d 13
28. C b a a a a b 13
29. D b a c b a a 12
30. A b b a d b a 12
31. A b b a d a d 12
32. B b a b b a d 10
33. A b a c d a d 11
34. A b a a b a d 12
35. A b a b d a a 15
36. A b c a b b c 17
37. A b b a b a a 9
38. C b a c b a d 13
39. C b a a d a d 14
40. B b a c c a a 10
41. A a b a b a d 8
42. A b b a d a c 5
43. A b a a b b d 8
77
44. B b a c d b a 11
45. A b a b a a a 12
46. A b b a b a a 9
47. B b b b b a c 16
48. C b a b c a c 17
49. B a a b a a a 11
50. A b b a d a d 11
78
PRE-TEST KNOWLEDGE ON CHEMOTHERAPY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 total
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 13
2. 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 16
3. 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 7
4. 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 7
5. 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 8
6. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 5
7. 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 10
8. 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 9
9. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 9
10. 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 11
11. 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 9
12. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 9
13. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 6
14. 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 11
15. 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 8
16. 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 5
17. 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 7
18. 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 16
19. 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 13
20. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 9
21. 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 12
22. 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 8
23. 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 8
79
24. 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 14
25. 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 11
26. 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 11
27. 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 13
28. 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 13
29. 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 12
30. 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 12
31. 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 12
32. 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 10
33. 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 11
34. 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 12
35. 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 15
36. 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 17
37. 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 9
38. 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 13
39. 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 14
40. 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 10
41. 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
42. 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5
43. 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 8
44. 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 11
45. 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 12
46. 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 9
47. 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 16
48. 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 17
49. 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 12
50. 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 11
80
POST-TEST KNOWLEDGE ON CHEMOTHERAPY
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 T
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
1. 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 17
2. 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 18
3. 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 14
4. 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 14
5. 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 18
6. 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 18
7. 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 19
8. 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 15
9. 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 16
10 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 19
11 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 15
12 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 20
13 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 20
14 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 17
15 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 18
16 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 20
17 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 17
18 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 19
19 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 17
20 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 19
21 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 24
22 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 21
23 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 20
24 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22
25 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 22
26 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 22
27 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 21
28 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 21
29 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 24
30 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22
31 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 21
32 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 23
33 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 21
34 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 22
35 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 21
36 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 20
37 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 22
38 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 20
39 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 20
40 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 20
41 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 21
42 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 19
43 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 19
81
44 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 23
45 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 20
46 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 20
47 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 22
48 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 19
49 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 22
50 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 20
82

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‟A study to assess the effectiveness of self instructional module on

knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy among staff nurses in

selected hospitals at Bhopal”

DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THEMADHYA PRADESH MEDICAL SCIENCE

MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING

(Critical Care Nursing)

Under the guidance of

Prof. (Mrs.) Sobia Gnana Mary

Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar M.P.

Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University,Jabalpur, M.P.

I hereby declare that this dissertation/thesis entitled „A study to assess the

Date: Signature of the Candidate

Place: Sagar Bhagyashri Raut

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ A study to assess the

Date: Signature of the Guide

Place: Sagar Mrs. Sobia Gnana Mary, M. Sc. [N]

Principal and HOD

Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar

This is to certify that the dissertation entitled “ A study to assess the

Signature of the Co-Guide

Prof. (Mr.) Rajesh Kerkar

Professor and Head of the Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing.

Date: Signature of the Principal

Place: Sagar Mrs. Sobia Gnana Mary, M. Sc. [N]

Principal and HOD

Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar

Declaration by the Candidate

I hereby declare that the Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University,

dissertation/thesis in print or electronic format for academic/research purpose.

Date: Signature of the Candidate

Place: Sagar Bhagyashri Raut

© MADHYA PRADESH MEDICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY, JABALPUR M.P.

bold in my soul with strength”

With humility I acknowledge by indebtedness……….

making me success with their prayer to Almighty God.

the constructive and purposeful support, guidance and encouragement rendered by a

number of persons whose help I specially recognize through this acknowledgement.

and learning I experienced is second to none. I wish to express my sincere

this task successfully.

, Ojaswini Nursing College, Sagar M.P. for providing me an opportunity to

pursue post graduation in nursing in his esteemed institution.

whose vision and mission is profusely contagious.

I express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to my guide

Sagar M.P. for her esteemed guidance, sustained patience,

indeed a great honour and privilege to be guided by her.

I am extremely grateful to my Co-Guide Mr. Rajesh Kerkar, Vice-Principal and

for granting permission to conducting the study.

I owe my gratitude to all the subjects who enthusiastically participated in

cooperation evinced for successful completion of the study.

for their helpful recommendations and guidance.

.I extend my sincere thanks to the Library staff of Ojaswini Nursing College

last moment, which gave me, confidence to achieve the goal.

I owe my success to my beloved Parents Mr. omakar Raut and

your prayers, love encouragement and support I would not exist.”

making me accomplish this milestone.

1. To assess the existing knowledge regarding side effects of chemotherapy drugs

among staff nurses working in selected hospitals at Bhopal.

2. To Find the effectiveness of self instructional module on knowledge regarding side

effects of Chemotherapy drugs among staff nurses working in selected hospital at

chemotherapy drugs and selected demographic variables.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

regarding chemotherapy among staff nurses.

in knowledge among staff nurses after information booklet on chemotherapy

there is a great need to develop and implement structured teaching programme on