Cat Fluids

Setting a Higher Standard

Lubrication Functions

 Lubricate  Prevent Corrosion

 Remove Heat  Dampen Shock (gears)
 Clean Surfaces  Disperse Contaminants
 Seal  Prevent Foaming
 Transmit Power (hydraulic)  Resist Deterioration
Base Stocks

 Mineral
Base Stocks

 Mineral
 Semi Synthetic
Base Stocks

 Mineral
 Semi Synthetic
 Full Synthetic
Additives

 Strengthen, Modify Oil

 Common Additives:
• Detergents
• Alkalinity Agents
• Anti-wear Additives
Additives

 More Additives:
• Oxidation Inhibitors
• Dispersants
• Pour-point Dispersants
• Viscosity Index Improvers
Total Base Number (TBN)

 Fuel Sulfur Content

 Reserve Alkalinity
Viscosity

 Most Important Characteristic

 Oil's Thickness
 Viscosity Index
SAE Classification System

SAE Viscosity
Grade
OW
5W
10W
15W
25W
20
30
40
40
50
60
Monograde Viscosity

SAE
20W

SAE 30W SAE

20W 20 SAE 30
10W 20
10

0° F 212° F
-18° C 100° C
Temperature
Multigrade Viscosity

30,000 SAE 30
10,000
SAE 10W-30
5,000
2,000 SAW 10W
1,000

0° F 212° F

Temperature
Gear vs. Engine Oil SAE Viscosity
Gear Engine
(SAE) (SAE)
250 --
140 --
90
50

90 40
85W 30
80W 20
75W 10W
 Cat Diesel Engine Oil
(DEO)

 DEO 15W-40
 DEO 10W-30
 DEO 5W-40 Full Synthetic
Emission Regulation Changes
Keeping Up with Engine Changes
What Does This Tell Us?

 Pressure On Manufacturers
 Must Meet Federal Emission
Regulations
 Must Set New Standards
API Service Classifications

 Oil Performance
 Service Category Diesel Engines
Current CH-4
Gasoline Engines Current CG-4
SJ Current 1990 CF-4
SH 1994 CF-2
SG 1990-93 CF
SF 1989-88 1983 CE
SE 1972-79 CD-II
SD 1968-71 1955-95 CD
SC 1964-67 1960-90 CC
SB 1931-63 1949-61 CB
SA 1900-30 1950s CA
API CG-4
Performance Tests Commercial Oil
Parameter Evaluated CG-4
Cat 1K
Piston deposits and oil control, 0.40% sulfur fuel
Mack T-7
Viscosity increase with soot, 0.40% sulfur fuel
Mack T-6
Piston deposits, 0.40% sulfur fuel
L-38
Bearing corrosion

Cat 1N
Piston deposits and oil control, 0.05% sulfur fuel
Mack T-8
Viscosity increase with soot, oil filtering plugging
and oil consumption, 0.05% sulfur fuel
GM 6.2L
Roller follower wear, 0.05% sulfur fuel
L-38
Bearing corrosion and viscosity shear loss
Sequence III E
Oil oxidation
Cummins corrosion
Copper, lead and tin corrosion
D 892 Foam
Oil foaming resistance
Proposed API CH-4
Performance Tests Commercial Oil
Parameter Evaluated API CH-4
CAT 1P SCOTE (NEW)
Piston (two-piece iron/aluminum) deposits and oil control, 0.05% sulfur fuel
CAT 1K SCOTE
Piston (one-piece aluminum) deposits and oil control, 0.40% sulfur fuel
Mack T-9 (NEW)
Ring wear, cylinder liner wear and TBN depletion under high soot conditions
Cummins M-11 (NEW)
Valve train wear; filter plugging and sludge under high soot conditions
HEUI Engine Oil Aeration Test (NEW)
GM 6.5L (Revised)
Valve-train wear; rolling pin wear in the cam followers under high soot conditions
Mack T-8E (Revised)
Soot control
Sequence IIIE (Revised)
Oil Oxidation
ASTM D5880 NOACK Volatility Test (Revised)
Resistance to excess oil consumption
ASTM D892 Foam
Oil foaming resistance
ASTM D3945 Shear Stability Test
Ability of VI improver to maintain control of viscosity
Cummins Corrosion
Copper, lead and tin corrosion
API Symbol
DEO (CG-4) Benefits

 Designed for Low Emission On-Highway Truck

Engines Meeting 1994 EPA Regulations
 Reduced Piston Deposits
 Better Overall Cleanliness
 Improved Soot and Wear Control
 Twice the Soot Dispersancy of API CF-4
 API Licensed
DEO (CG-4) Benefits

 Better Oxidation Stability

 Compatible with low sulfur fuels (.05%) as well as
higher sulfur fuels
 Limits on Viscosity Loss for the First Time
 Can Be Used in Other OEM Diesel and Gasoline
Engines (Old and New) Requiring API CG-4/SH Oil
Performance
 Premium Oil that Passes Additional Caterpillar
Proprietary Multicylinder Engine Tests
DEO (CH-4) Benefits

 Improved Soot Dispersancy (25% more than CG-4)

 Better Valve Train Wear Protection
 Improved Piston Deposit Control
 Improved Viscosity Shear Control
 Increased Oxidation Stability
 Factory Fill Approved
DEO (CH-4) Benefits

 Meets Requirements for Proposed API CH-4

 Designed for Low Emission On-Highway Truck
Engines Meeting 1998 EPA Regulations
 Premium Oil that Passes Additional Cat Proprietary
Multicylinder Engine Tests
 Can Be Used in Other OEM Diesel & Gasoline Engines
(Old & New) Requiring CH-4/SJ Oil Performance
 Extended Drain Capability
DEO 5W-40 (Full Synthetic) Benefits

 100% Synthetic Base Stock

 Extended Drain Capability
 Capability to Improve Fuel Economy
(2%-5% Over Conventional 15W-40 Oils)
 Outstanding High-Temperature Characteristics
 Better Cold-Weather Operation Down to Start-up
Temperatures of -30° C (-22° F)
DEO 5W-40 Full Synthetic

 Excellent Oxidation Control in Most Demanding Diesel

Engine Applications
 Provides Excellent Performance in Diesel & Gasoline
Engines Both New & Old
 Fully Compatible with Conventional Mineral Oils
 Has Passed More Severe Cat Engine Tests than Cat
DEO 15W-40 & 10W-30
Cat DEO Must Pass
Proprietary Engine Tests

 Cat 3406 E Multicylinder Engine Test

• Oil Consumption
• Piston Deposit Control
 Cat C12 Multicylinder Engine Test
• Piston Ring and Liner Wear
 Cat 3500 Multicylinder Engine Test
• Quality Assurance Test
• Premature Wear/Heavy Deposits
Premium Engine Oil vs
Fighting Grade

 Fighting Grade: Minimum Requirement

API CH-4 or CG-4
 Premium: Exceeds Industry Specifications
Cat DEO Lubricant
Recommendations

First Choice: Second Choice:

Compartment
Cat Oil Spec* Industry Oil Spec*
CAT DEO (CH-4) API CH-4 or CG-4
or DEO (CG-4) 15W-40 or 10W-30
15W-40 or 10W-30
DIESEL ENGINES
OPTIONAL:
5W-40 (Full Synthetic)

*Please see SEBU6250 for the latest

Cat Machine Lubricant Recommendations
Cat Fluids
®

© 1999 Caterpillar Printed in U.S.A.