Electronics Engineering Coaching 2 (October 2012)

1 1.2 V Nickel-iron cell is a secondary cell with a nominal open-circuit voltage output of
2 1:1 Square wave has mark-space ratio of
3 999 Maximum display reading for 3 and one-half number of display
4 1.05 V Silver-cadmium battery has a open circuit voltage of
5 60/40 solder When you solder electrical connector splices, and terminal lugs, what type of solder
should you use?
6 78.3 degrees C Ethanol is a cleaning reagent used in ICs which has a boiling point of
7 90 degrees In capacitive circuit, current leads voltage by
8 Absolute code Exact location of data
9 Abundance ratio Ratio of atoms of isotope to the number of atoms of the one in the experiment
10 AC servo motor Used to move light loads at a constant speed
11 AC voltage/DC current (re) Zener dynamic resistance
12 Accelerometer Other name for acceleration transducer
13 Accuracy, Knowledge and Computer literacy
Intelligence
14 Acetone IC cleaning reagent for organic materials
15 Acoustoelectric effect Development of dc voltage in a semiconductor or metal by an acoustic wave travelling
parallel to the surface or metal
16 Actuator It controls the movement of the manipulators in a robotic system and allows the
various axes to move within the work envelope and is called the __________
17 Actuator “Muscle” of robot; converts stored energy to power
18 Ampere's Circuital Law A law establishing the fact that the algebraic sum of the rises and drops of the mmf
around a close loop of a magnetic circuit is equal to zero
19 Ampere's Theorem States that an electric current flowing in a circuit produces a magnetic field at external
points equivalent to that due to a magnetic shell whose bounding edge is the
conductor and whose strength is equal to the strength of the current
20 Anderson bridge Measures unknown inductance in terms of resistance and capacitance
21 Anthropomorphic robot Can move much like person's arm
22 Approximate code Code that is exact to the file
23 Armstrong Oscillator that uses tickler coil for feedback
24 Articulated The only industrial robot configuration that has three revolute joints
25 Attenuation, Time Base, Steps in adjusting oscilloscope to accommodate incoming signals
Triggering Oscillator
26 Audio-taper potentiometer A type of resistor or combination of resistors, would you use as the volume control in
a stereo compact-disc player
27 Auger effect A non-radiative transition of an atom from an excited energy state to a lower energy
state, accompanied by the emission of an electron
28 Avalanche effect The cumulative process in which an electron or other charged particle accelerated by
a strong electric field collides with and ionizes gas molecules, and thereby releasing
new electrons that in turn have more collisions
29 Ayrton shunt Used to prevent damage to a multi-range ammeter
30 Back emf is half the source Maximum power of motor happens when
31 Back-porch effect In transistor operation, the continuation of collector-current flow for a short time
after the input signal has fallen to zero
32 Band Reject filter What type of filter is used to block the passage of current for a narrow band of
frequency while allowing current to flow at all frequencies Above or below this band?
33 Bandpass filter Rejects frequency below and above the desired frequency
34 Bandstop filter Other name for band reject filter
35 Bang-bang robot A robot in which motions are controlled by driving each axis or degree of freedom
against a mechanical limit stop
36 Barrier Electrostatic field in the depletion of PN junction
37 Batch Manufacturing The production of parts of materials in discrete runs, or batches, interspersed with
other production operations or runs of other parts of materials
38 Battery or Power supply DC motor is in reverse rotation, what should be reverse to correct it?
polarity
39 Beat frequency Difference between the oscillator frequency and unknown frequency
40 Bellow What sensing element is typically made from a thin-walled tube formed into deep
convolutions and sealed at one end, whose displacement can then be made to act on
a transduction element?
41 Between the joint and the When removing solder with a solder wick, where should the wick be placed in relation
iron to the solder joint and iron?
42 Bistable multivibrator Eccles-Jordan circuit is also known as
43 Black and white Kikuchi line is a pair of ________ parallel lines
44 Blackout Typical residential ac voltage defect referring to a complete failure that last more than
one cycle
45 Bleeder resistor Connected across the capacitor in a power supply
46 Blue Gene/L The new IBM fastest supercomputer; 7,072 trillion calculations per second
47 Bode Diagram, Nyquist Useful tools for determining the stability of the system
Criterion and Routh Harritz
Criterion
48 Boella effect What is this effect “resistance is reduced while working of VHF frequencies due to
dielectric losses”?
49 Bomb A program whose sabotage depends on certain conditions is called a ______
50 Bose-Einstein statistics Is one of two possible ways in which a collection of indistinguishable particles may
occupy a set of available discrete energy states; bosons
51 Brazing Welding above 450 degrees Fahrenheit of two metals
52 Break-over Devices General term of electronic devices used to control or trigger large power switching
device
53 Bridge The type of circuit or instrument that has four or more arms and can measure one or
more electrical constant of an unknown component
54 Bridgman effect Phenomenon that occurs when an electric current passes through an anisotropic
crystal - there is an absorption or liberation of heat because of the non-uniformity in
current distribution
55 Brownout Voltage defect referring to decrease in the steady state voltage amplitude
56 Bunching Flow of electrons from cathode to anode of a velocity-modulated tube as a succession
of electron groups rather as a continuous stream
57 Burnishing tool Used to clean the contacts in relay
58 By break-over voltage Normal way to turn on a DIAC
59 Cache memory Interfaces the CPU and memory (RAM and ROM); it helps the CPU to run even though
the RAM is too slow.
60 Can be used in AC or DC Hot-wire ammeter
61 Capacitor Feedback element of an integrator
62 Carbon Brush used in DC motors
63 Carbon Arc Welding Oldest arc welding and marks the beginning of arc welding
64 Cartesian, Polar, Cylindrical Movements of robotic arm
and Articulated
65 Cathode Emit electrons when indirectly heated
66 Cathode Element of a CRT releases electrons when heated indirectly by filament
67 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope Provides graphical presentation of any waveform applied to the input terminals
68 Cell A manufacturing unit consisting of two or more workstations or machines and the
material to transport mechanisms and storage buffers that interconnect them
69 Center A manufacturing unit consisting of two or more cells, and the material transport
mechanisms and storage buffers that interconnect them
70 Centrifugal force The reason why electrons are not pulled in the positive charged nucleus is because of
the_______ which usually became exactly equals the inward attraction of the nucleus
71 Change/replace synchro If you find that a synchro has bad bearings, which of the following actions should you
take?
72 Changing field excitation With alternators connected in parallel, the voltage of the system can be changed by
73 Chemical vapor deposition In IC manufacturing, the process in making thin film deposition of oxides, nitrates and
polycrystalline substrate
74 Child's Law Thermionic diode varies directly with three halves power of anode
75 Clapp oscillator A Colpitts oscillator with additional capacitance
76 Class B Not prone to even order harmonic distortion (eliminate even harmonics)
77 Class B Push-Pull A transistor audio amplifier is found to have an overall efficiency of 70%. Most
probably it is a _______ amplifier
78 Clinometer/Inclinometer Measures slope or steepness
79 Coercivity The loss of electrical energy in counter balancing the residual magnetism of a
magnetic material
80 Colpitts Oscillator that uses tapped capacitor
81 Colpitts and Hartley Two most popular RF oscillators
82 Combination bias What type of bias is constant and improves thermal stability?
83 Compensated Combination of donor and acceptor impurities; the semiconductor that has both
semiconductor extrinsic and intrinsic semiconductors
84 Computer Device to make calculation easily
85 Computer Aided Design The use of an interactive terminal workstation usually with graphics capability to
(CAD) automate the design of products. It includes functions such as drafting and fit-up parts
86 Control element Used to control the amount of I or V in a regulator
87 Corrective maintenance Back to proper/original performance
88 Coulomb's First Law The force of attraction or repulsion between two magnetic poles is directly
proportional to their strengths
89 Coulomb's Second Law The force of attraction or repulsion between two poles is inversely proportional to the
square of the distance between them
90 Count-hold circuit What may be the major reason of frequency errors in a counter circuit
91 Coupling The electronic transfer from one stage to another is called_______
92 Crowbar circuit What circuit protects from overvoltage?
93 Crystal imperfection defect Smallest defect
94 Curie's Law For a paramagnetic substance, the ratio of the magnetization to the magnetizing force
is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature
95 Cut-off The region to the left of a transistor’s characteristic curve
96 Czochralski effect Most common method of extracting semiconductor crystals
97 Damon effect Change that the susceptibility of a ferrite undergoes under the influence of high RF
powder
98 Damping Reduction in the magnitude of oscillation due to absorption
99 Darlington Configuration of transistor when the emitter of the one transistor is connected to the
base of the other transistor
100 dB Voltage gain of amplifiers usually measured in
101 DC Shunt motor Field coil is connected in parallel with the armature
102 De Sauty Bridge An AC bridge that is used to measure air capacitance of two air capacitors is called?
103 Degrees of Freedom The number of ways in which a robot arm can move is known as
104 Dialog box A _____ appears after you choose…
105 Diffuse IC Elements penetrate the semiconductor substrate in what type of IC?
106 Diffusion current No electric potential but with movement of charge
107 Digital computers Pulse counting accelerometer used in what type of equipment
108 Dobbering Putting a file in folder with same file name. The new file obliterates the old one
109 Dot pitch Other name for image resolution
110 Dot pitch The sharpness of the image on a computer can be specified in terms of ____
111 Drains current of filter Purpose of using bleeder resistor
capacitor in power supply
112 Drain-source saturation If gate to source voltage is zero, drain current is equal _______
current
113 Draws less current from the Main advantage of a FETVM over a conventional voltmeter
circuit under test
114 Dress The arrangement of connecting wires in a circuit to prevent undesirable coupling and
feedback
115 Drift current Main current that flow in the collector junction under a normally biased NPN
transistor
116 Earth fault/Ground fault Current flows into the earth
117 ECL Very high speed logic
118 Edison cell Nickel-iron cell is otherwise known as
119 Edison effect The emission of electrons from hot bodies is called
120 Einstein-De Haas effect The rotation induced in a freely suspended ferromagnetic object when magnetization
of the object is reversed
121 Electric field Capacitance acts to store electrical energy as an
122 Electrodynamometer What measuring instrument uses the interaction of the magnetic fields of two coils to
measure current or voltage or power?
123 Electroencephalogram Measures voltage fluctuations resulting from ionic current flows within the neurons of
(EEG) the brain
124 Electrolytic The simplest power supply filter consists of one or more large value capacitors,
connected in parallel with rectifier output. What component is good for this purpose?
125 Electronegativity The tendency of an atom or radical to attract electrons in the formation of an ionic
bond
126 Electroscope Used to measure electrostatic field
127 Emits more light GaAs and GaP are used in LEDs because they
128 Emulation Software used to make a personal computer act like a terminal is called
129 End-of-arm tooling (EOAT) Other term for end effector
130 Energy Lenz law is a consequence of Law of conservation of _______
131 Energy gap Energy required by a valence electron before it can move or transfer towards the
conduction band
132 Energy is stored and In a small inductance
released slowly
133 Epitaxial The process used to grow a layer of single-crystal semiconductor as an extension of
the existing crystal wafer of the same material.
134 Epitaxial layer In hot-carrier diode, the silicon wafer is coated with a thin layer of aligned atoms
called
135 EPROM Which of the following must be removed to erase the memory?
136 Ewing's Theory of Theory of ferromagnetic phenomena which assumes each atom is a permanent
Ferromagnetism magnet which can turn freely about its center under the influence of applied field and
other magnets
137 False triggering dv/dt of an SCR produces
138 Fan-in Number of identical inputs the logic circuit can handle
139 Faraday's First Law of Whenever the flux linking a coil or current changes, an emf is induced in it
Electromagnetic Induction
140 Faraday's Second Law of The magnitude of the induced emf in a coil s directly proportional to the rate of
Electromagnetic Induction change of flux linkages
141 Fermion Can be elementary particle such as the electron, or it can be a composite particle,
such as the proton
142 Ferranti effect If a load is removed from a long transmission line, the sending voltage end is less than
receiving end
143 Fibrous braid Non-metallic material used to protect wires and cables
144 Field effect The change produced by an electric field on the equilibrium balance of free electrons
and holes in a semiconductor material
145 File the tip smooth and What should be done with the removable tip of a soldering gun after it becomes
retin it pitted?
146 Firing delay angle An SCR/TRIAC being the active device in controlling electrical power using phase
control method, what do you call the period of the cycle before the device switches to
conduction? Firing delay angle
147 Flash Memory Fastest non-volatile memory available
148 Fleming's Left Hand Rule When an electric current flows in a wire, and an external magnetic field is applied
across that flow, the wire experiences a force perpendicular both to that field, and to
the direction of the current flow
149 Flicker effect The random variation in the output current of an electric tube that has an oxide-
coated cathode caused by random charges in cathode emission
150 Float charging What refers to a method in which the charger and the battery are always connected
to each other for supplying current to the load?
151 Floating point operations What is the meaning of FLOPS?
per second
152 Fluctuating DC When a 150V DC source is connected in series with the utility mains from a standard
wall outlet, the output will be
153 Flux-cored Arc Welding What is semi-automatic or automatic arc welding process that requires a
(FCAW) continuously-fed consumable tubular electrode containing a flux and a constant-
voltage or, less commonly, a constant-current welding power supply?
154 Foreground Memory are for program which has high priority
155 Forward, reverse For normal operation of a BJT, the base emitter should be____ biased while ____ bias
for base collector
156 Frequency Does not affect the inductance of an air core coil if all other factors are held constant
157 Frequency converter AC voltage frequency converter from one form to another
158 Fringe effect The extension of the electrostatic field of an air capacitor outside the space between
its plate
159 Gain and bandwidth Cascading amplifiers will increase
160 Gamma The current gain in a common collector circuit is called _______
161 Gantry An overhead mounted, rectilinear robot with a minimum of three degrees of freedom
and normally not exceeding six
162 Gas Metal Arc Welding Welding system that is a semi-automatic or automatic process that uses a continuous
(GMAW) wire feed as an electrode and an inert or semi-inert gas mixture to protect the weld
from contamination
163 Geiger-Nuttall Law The logarithm of the decay constant of an alpha emitter is linearly related to the
logarithm of the range of the alpha particles emitted by it is called
164 Gimmick Capacitance Small capacitance generated when twisting 2 insulated wires
165 Gratz rectifier Three-phase, full-wave rectifying circuit using six rectifiers connected in a bridge
circuit
166 Greater accuracy Multi-speed synchro systems have what of the following advantages over single speed
synchro systems?
167 Gripper The manipulator “hand” use to move, hold, and place objects is also called ____
168 Grosh Law Performance is directly proportional to the square of the cost
169 GUI Uses graphical icons
170 Gunn effect The appearance of RF current oscillations in a DC bias slab of n-type Gallium Arsenide
in a 3.3kV electric field.
171 Gyro What is the most widely used altitude and altitude-rate transducers?
172 Hairspring Component of the D'Arsonval meter movement that completes the circuit for current
flow to the coil.
173 Half-filled With Si, Z=14, it is _________
174 Hall effect Small voltage is generated by a conductor with current in an external magnetic field
175 Hans Christian Oersted Discovered the relationship between magnetism and electricity
176 Hardware In a computer, CPU is part of
177 Hartley An oscillator with tapped inductor
178 Hay bridge Measures unknown inductance with given known capacitance
179 Hay bridge What bridge is the BEST to use when the phase angle under test is large?
180 Heat sub-interval The portion of the weld interval during which welding current is flowing
181 Helix Rule If the solenoid is gripped by the right hand with the fingers pointing the direction of
current flow, the outstretched thumb will then point in the north pole. This is known
as ______

182 High frequency response Advantage of film IC to monolithic

183 High input impedance A MOSFET has _____ due to gate capacitor
184 High Pass filter Accepts frequency above the cut-off frequency
185 High power handling Advantage of MOSFET over JFET
capability
186 High repeatability, high What are the advantages of a non-servo controlled robot?
operating speed and low
cost
187 Holding current The minimum amount of current needed for an SCR to conduct continuously
188 Holding voltage The voltage across the anode (A) and cathode (K) terminals of an SCR when
conducting
189 Hot-Blade Wire Stripper When a wire is insulated with glass braid or asbestos and requires stripping, which of
the following tools should NOT be used?
190 Hunting Position servo system exhibits over travel
191 Identification, Verification Biometry
and Authentication
192 Increase Suppose a certain current in a galvanometer causes the compass needle to deflect by
20 degrees and then this current is doubled while the polarity stays the same. The
angle of the needle deflection will ___
193 Increase power rating Connecting resistors in series parallel will _______
194 Increases the efficiency of Transformer coupling
class A
195 Inertia The operating of an accelerometer is based on what physical property?
196 Infrared GaAs LEDs operate in what region?
197 In-phase In a properly operating servo system, what is the phase relationship between the
reference voltages to the error detector and the demodulator?
198 Input resistance Compared to bipolar transistor, the JFET has much higher ____
199 Insulated gate DE MOSFET compared to E-MOSFET is absence of
200 Integrating Watt-hour meter is an ______ device
201 Ion implantation A process by which ions of a material are accelerated in an electrical field and
impacted into a solid; This process is used to change the physical, chemical, or
electrical properties of the solid.
202 Ionization, Recombination The depletion region is created by
and Diffusion
203 IP switch A device used to connect LAN using internet protocol
204 It has more predictable Advantage of J-K over R-S flip-flop
outcomes
205 It shows infinite resistance The ohmmeter reading when the negative probe is connected to the anode and
positive probe connected to the cathode of a PN junction diode
206 J = 1, K = 1 JK flip-flop in toggle mode
207 Jack Kilby First IC
208 Josephson effect The phenomenon, wherein a current flows across the gap between the tips of two
superconductors brought close together
209 Jump Leading edge of a trapezoidal wave
210 Junction box In rattail joint this is used in branch circuits. ____ connects the conduit
211 Kendall effect The distortion in a facsimile record caused by unwanted modulation produced by a
carrier signal
212 Kerr Electro-optical effect The tendency of certain dielectric materials to become double refracting in an electric
field
213 Kikuchi line It is a pattern that consists of pairs of white and dark parallel lines, obtained when an
electron beam is scattered (diffracted) by crystalline solid. The pattern gives
information on the structure
214 Kinematic chain "Bones"; the assembly of several kinematic pairs connecting rigid body segments
215
244 Memory management
Kirchhoff's Current Law The process
algebraicofsum
allocating
of current
maininto
memory
any junction
separateis zero
from one another is called
(KCL) _________
216
245 Kirkendall effect
Mendocino Motion of the boundary
Solar-powered motor layer between two metals that occurs as a consequence of
246 Mesa transistor the difference in diffusion
A transistor in which rates of the
a germanium metal wafer
or silicon atomsis etched down in steps so the base
217 LASCR Operates like SCR except that it can also be light-triggered
and emitter regions appear as physical plateaus above the collector region
218
247 Latch Faraday
Michael LASCR
First used
operates
silver sulfide
as a that led to semiconductor; Father of Electromagnetism
219
248 Layer build-up
Microcircuit module An assembly
The most complex
of microcircuits
to produceorand a combination
difficult to repair
of microcircuits
printed circuit
and boards
discreteare those
made using which
components is referred
of thetofollowing
as a methods?
220
249 Leduc effect
Microelectronics A magnetic
Deals with small
field when
components
appliedon toIC
right angles to the direction of a temperature
250 MIG gradient in a conductor,
Not used in AC welding a temperature difference is produced at right angles both to
the direction of temperature
251 MIG AC welding machine cannot be used in __________
gradient and the direction of the magnetic field
252
221 Molecular
Line defectsolids A solidcommon
Most composed of molecules
crystal defect held together by the van der Waals forces
253
222 More maneuverable
Linear-taper potentiometer Anthropomorphic
Potentiometer robot
used is sensitivity
in meter
254
223 MOSFET
Lissajous Main component
A pattern of by
displayed a MOS IC
oscilloscopes which has a steady characteristic is called
255
224 MOSFETs can handle a
Lithography The significant difference between JFET
Transferring onto a substrate the detailedand MOSFETs
features associated with individual
wide range of gate bias components that collectively comprise an integrated circuit
225 voltage
Local hot spots di/dt of an SCR produces
256 Mossbauer effect A certain condition wherein a nucleon can be stimulated to emit a very sharply
226 Lossev effect Radiation that results from recombination of charge carries injected in PN or PIN
defined beams of gamma rays
junction which is biased in the forward direction
257 Multi LC filter Which of the following filters will produce the least amount of ripple?
227 Low power consumption The main advantage of CMOS
258 Multiplied Darlington pair of transistors is _____ by Beta factor
228 Low propagation delay Schottky transistors are preferred than ordinary transistors because it has _____
259 Near the transformer Lightning arrester is located
229 Low, high Common base configuration has _____ input impedance and _____ output
260 Negative cathode In carbon zinc cell, zinc serves as ______
impedance
230
261 Madelung Constant
Nematic Used
A in determining
transparent the electrostatic
or translucent liquid thatpotential of apolarization
causes the single ion in(that
a crystal byfocusing in
is, the
aapproximating
plane) of lightthe ionsto
waves bychange
point charges
as the waves pass through the liquid
231
262 Magnetic,
Nernst Thermal and
effect Types
A of effect crystal,
piezoelectric occurringtheintendency
ammetersfor a temperature gradient to exist as a result of
Electromagnetic Induction applied electromagnetic fields
263 effect
Nernst-Ettingshausen effect Other term for Nernst effect; a piezoelectric crystal, the tendency for a temperature
232 Magnetoencephalography A technique
gradient to exist
for mapping
as a result
brain
of applied
activityelectromagnetic
by recording magnetic
fields fields produced by
264 Nils Gustaff Dalen electrical light
Invented currents occurring
controlled naturally
valve in the brain
which allows lighthouses to operate automatically; won
233 Manganin Conductor
Nobel prizebest
in 1912
suited for measuring instruments
265
234 No signal is applied in the
Manipulator An amplifier is in
A mechanism usually quiescent stateofwhen
consisting a series of segments or links, jointed or sliding to
input one another, for grasping or moving objects, usually in several degrees of freedom
266
235 No, class C amplifierROM
Mask-programmed can How can a class-C
Programmed at theamplifier
factory be made linear?
never be linear
(MROM)
267
236 Normal
Mason'sgain
Rule 10:1
Methodresistance ratiothe transfer function of linear signal-flow graph
for finding
268
237 Normally
Mateucci open
effect Suppose afor
Tendency relay is connected
a potential into a circuit
difference sowhen
to occur that athe
device gets a signal
magnetization ofonly when the
a helically
relay coil carries current
wound, ferromagnetic wire fluctuates
269
238 Norton's
Maxwell Theorem States
Unit ofthat anymagnetic
overall collectionfield
of voltage sources, current sources, and resistors with two
terminals is electrically equivalent to an ideal current source, I, in parallel with a single
239 Maxwell bridge Used as notch filter
resistor, R
240
270 Maxwell bridge
Off-line programming ADeveloping
bridge withrobotmedium Q (1<Q<10)
programs partially or completely without requiring the use of the
241 Mechanical, Thermal and robot
What areitself.
theThe program
approved is loaded
methods ofinto the robot’s
conformal controller
coating removal?for subsequent
Chemical automatic action of the manipulator
271
242 On-line
Medium, high Test equipment
A transistor, whenthat continuously
connected monitors
in common performance
emitter mode hasand________
automatically
input isolates
impedance
fault to removable
and ______
assemblies
outputisimpedance
what category of equipment?
272
243 Op-code
Megger The first byte
Insulation in a machine
resistance level instruction
is measured by which meter?
273 Open loop cut-off The compensating capacitance determines the _________
frequency
274 Open robot A robot with stop-point control but no trajectory control
275 Operational amplifier (Op- It has a inverting and non-inverting input and one output terminal
amp)
276 Optoisolator LED/IRED and photodiode combination
277 Oscillator Produces positive and negative in wave
278 Owen bridge A four arm alternating current bridge used to measure self-inductance in terms of
capacitance and resistance; bridge balance is independent of frequency
279 Oxy Fuel Gas Welding What group of welding processes which produces coalescence by heating materials
with an oxy-fuel gas flame with or without the application of pressure and with or
without the use of filler metal
280 Packed BCD Two numerals in a byte
281 Palletizing/Depalletizing A term used for loading/unloading a carton, container, or pallet with parts in
organized rows and possibly in multiple layers
282 Paschen's Law Describes how the breakdown voltage of a spark gap depends on electrode separation
and the pressure of the surrounding gas
283 Passivation An oxide coating of a few molecules thick that prevent corrosion by applying thin film
on top of PCB
284 Peltier effect When currents flows through a thermocouple, one junction is heated while the other
junction is cooled
285 Percussion Welding (PEW) Type of solid state welding where the energy required for the welding process is
coming from a discharging capacitor
286 Permanent magnet moving Permanent magnet current-carrying coil
coil
287 Person in it Weakest link in a computer system
288 Phase What determines the number of poles required to establish rotating magnetic field?
289 Phosphene Referred to a visual sensation experienced by a human subject during the passage of
current through the eye
290 Phosphor A material that glows when struck by the energetic electrons in a CRT
291 Photomagnetoelectric The generation of a voltage when a semiconductor material is positioned in a
effect magnetic field and one face is illuminated
292 Pierce Colpitts oscillator which the inductor is replaced by crystal
293 PIN diode Switching microwave diode in the negative resistance region; thin slice of
semiconductor sandwiched between 2 metal conductors
294 Pinch point The area where human can be trapped in the workspace of robot in which there is no
avenue of escape is called ______
295 Pink noise Also known as 1/f noise
296 Plasma Arc Welding Arc welding system which produces a coalescence of metals by heating them with a
constricted arc between an electrode and the work piece or the electrode and the
constricting nozzle
297 Playback robot Robots that memorizes and records the path and sequence of motions and can repeat
them continuously without the guidance from the operator
298 PN junction DE MOSFET compared to JFET is absence of
299 Pneumatic, Electric, What are the basic types of power supply used in robotic system?
Hydraulic
300 Pockels effect The characteristic or ability of an oscillator to maintain or sustain oscillation
301 Polyphase motor Type of motor that is BEST suited for heavy load applications
302 Porcelain In electrical power distributions, what insulator is generally used?
303 Pot It is a resistor with an additional off-take point, either flexible of more often wiper
arm, which can be set at required position, for the purpose of obtaining a voltage of
some fraction of the total voltage across the whole resistor
304 Power conditioner Can be found on power supply that prevents overvoltage, under voltage, harmonics
etc.
305 Prevent hunting Purpose of damper windings
306 Preventive maintenance Series of tests that determines if the system is functioning properly
307 Prompt Signal that the computer is waiting for command by the user
308 Proximity effect The redistribution of current in a conductor brought about by the presence of another
conductor
309 Pulsating DC When a 17.5 Vdc source is connected in the main supply, what will be the result?
310 Push figure Rate of the frequency push(in MHZ per volts of MHZ per ampere)
311 Pyranometer Measures radiation in the sky
312 Pyroelectric effect Development of charges in a crystal when they are unequally heated or cooled
313 Pyrometer Device used to measure high temperatures beyond the extent of mercury
thermometer
314 Radio pill A device used in biotelemetry for monitoring the physiologic activity of an animal,
such as pH values of stomach acid
315 Radio-frequency bridge A type of bridge that can measure both capacitive and inductive impedance in high
frequency
316 Ramsauer effect Absorption of slow-moving/ low energy electrons into something
317 Rate effect A four-layer semiconductor device, tends for a switch to conduct undesirably as a
result of a transient spike
318 Recombination of charge Way of emitting light
carriers
319 Rectifier NOT a main component of an AC power supply
320 Rectifier Converts AC voltage to DC voltage
321 Reduce/prevent sparking Brush shifted opposite to the rotation
322 Relative permeability The ratio of the permeability of material to the permeability of air or vacuum
323 Reluctance The property of a material which opposes the creation of magnetic flux
324 Resistor Feedback element of a differentiator
325 Reverse Zener is regulating as long as it is in ____ bias
326 Reverse bias and parallel at Zener diode in a power supply should be
the filter output
327 Revolute Rotational joints of the robot
328 RISC Computer that is fast because of fewer instructions
329 Rubber tape and heat When non-insulated splices and terminal lugs are insulated, what types insulation are
shrinkable tubing most commonly used?
330 Sampling oscilloscope What do you call an oscilloscope that uses sampling technique in processing signals
having frequencies beyond its normal capabilities?
331 Saturation When both the emitter and collector junction are forward biased, the transistor is said
to be at ______ region
332 Saybolt instrument What is an instrument that measures the time for a given amount of fluid to flow
through a standard size orifice or capillary tube with an accurate bore?
333 S-C flip-flop Flip-flop with unknown output state
334 Schottky diode A diode with no depletion region
335 Schottky effect In electric tube due to the influence of potential gradient at the cathode
336 Secondary instruments What instruments whose deflection gives the magnitude of the electrical quantity to
be measured directly?
337 Seebeck effect The development of an electromotive force in a junction of two dissimilar metals
when the temperature of junction is different from that of the rest of the metal.
338 Selsyn Device or system that operates on the principle of the synchronous ac motor, in which
the position of the rotor in one motor (the transmitter) is assumed by the rotor in a
distant motor (the receiver) to which the first is connected
339 Series The DC motor that produces the highest torque
340 Series-parallel A _______ resistive network can be practically assembled from resistors that are
identical
341 Shannon Boolean algebra was first used by
342 Shunt A motor with constant speed
343 Shunt Field Winding Made of relatively fine wires
344 Silsbee effect The ability of an electric current to destroy superconductivity by means of the
magnetic field that it generates, without raising the cryogenic temperature.
345 Single PIP In a spectrum analyzer, an ac signal having only one frequency component looks like a
346 Skew What would happen to the channel of a JFET as the current flows through it?
347 Slew rate The maximum velocity at which a manipulator joint can move; a rate imposed by
saturation in the servo loop controlling the joint
348 Slew rate Maximum rate of change of the output voltage of an op-amp with respect to the input
signal
349 Slew rate and frequency For ac amplifiers, what parameter affects its performance?
response
350 Smart sensor Integration of ADC processor and DAC actuator
351 Snap-acting switch Microswitch is also known as
352 Snubber circuit A circuit used for voltage equalization during ON-OFF switching action of SCRs in
series.
353 Social Engineering Persuading to tell password
354 Soldering Welding at 450 degrees Fahrenheit below
355 Source voltage X-intercept of the load line with characteristic curve is determined by
356 Spacistor A type of transistor developed in the 1950s as an improvement of the point contact
transistor
357 Spectrum analyzer What is an electronic instrument capable of showing on screen and maybe on print,
relative spacing of transmitter carriers, their sidebands and harmonics?
358 Speed-Torque When choosing a motor for a particular application what characteristics should you
consider?
359 Squeeze interval First interval of an automatic welding
360 Squeeze time In resistance welding, what is the time between pressure application and weld?
361 Statistically induced EMF The voltage or emf induced when the magnetic field is moving or changing and a
conductor is stationary
362 Steam turbines What type of prime mover requires a specially designed high speed alternator?
363 Step Recovery diode Another term for Charge-Storage diode; semiconductor junction diode having the
ability to generate extremely short pulses
364 Stepping motor A bidirectional, permanent-magnet motor that turns through one angular increment
for each pulse applied to it
365 Stop oscillation If Barkhausen criterion is not met, it will ________
366 Storage oscilloscope A type of oscillator that can keep the display for a longer time for analysis purposes
367 Storing energy as magnetic An inductor works by
field
368 Substitution method A method for checking transistor is cumbersome when more than one transistor is
bad in a circuit?
369 Suhl effect Reduction of hole life in semiconductors due to magnetization
370 Superconductors What modern materials exhibit Meissner effect?
371 Surge impedance Square root of the ratio of impedance and admittance
372 Sweep Voltage applied to the horizontal deflecting plates in the oscilloscope
373 Tactile sensing Response to touch, force in robotics
374 Tetrahedral Lattice shape of germanium and silicon
375 The iron maintain a Why should a small wattage soldering iron NOT be used to solder large conductors?
satisfactory soldering
temperature while giving
up heat to the conductor
376 The narrowest bandwidth The ability of a spectrum analyzer to resolve signals is limited by which of the
of spectrum analyzer following factors
377 The wire is cleaned by the When a large aluminum terminal lug or splice is installed, why is it NOT necessary to
abrasive compound clean the aluminum wire?
378 Thermal Inertia Defines the capacity of a soldering iron to generate and maintain a satisfactory
soldering temperature while giving up heat to the joint.
379 Thermal runaway What action results in the increase in current that generates more heat and the cycle
repeats itself until the diode draws excessive current?
380 Thermopile Thermocouple in series
381 They will cancel each other Two perfect sine wave with same frequency with opposite phase is zero because
382 Third step When the control unit directs ALU to perform an operation on the data, the machine
cycle is involved in its
383 Third-Generation Robot A robot system characterized by the incorporation of multiple computer processors,
System each operating asynchronously to perform specific functions. It includes a separate
low level processor for each degree of freedom and a master computer supervising
and coordinating these processors, as well as providing higher-level functions
384 Thomson effect The liberation or absorption of heat when an electric current flows from a warmer to
a cooler part of a conductor
385 Thyrector A silicon diode that exhibits a very high resistance in both directions up to certain
voltage, beyond which the unit switches to a low-resistance conducting state. It can
be viewed as two Zener diodes connected back-to-back in series.
386 Time Domain It is used to characterize and locate faults in metallic wire such as parallel wire or
Reflectometer coaxial line
387 To connect the chip to the In IC production, gold or aluminum bonding wires are used to
package leads
388 To ensure a setting of zero During synchro alignment, what is the purpose of the coarse setting?
degrees rather than 180
degrees
389 To give a semiconductor What is the purpose of doping?
material certain properties
390 To prevent from puncturing When a Western Union splice is used to connect two wires, why should the twisted
the tape covering ends of wire pressed down as close as possible to straight portion of the wire?
391 Toroidal With frequency of 400Hz, which is in AF range, the core would most likely to be
________
392 Torque and Control What are the 2 general classifications of synchro system?
393 Transfer admittance Equal to the current flowing to one terminal divided by the voltage applied to the
adjacent terminal on the cathode
394 Transistor Junction An ohmmeter can be used to test a transistor for leakage (an undesirable flow of
Resistance Test current) by measuring the base-emitter, base-collector, and collector-emitter forward
and reverse resistances.
395 Transistor Lead What is the important role in transistor maintenance?
Identification
396 Transit time What is the time taken by the electrons or holes to pass from the emitter to the
collector?
397 Trip point Value of the input voltage that switches output of a Schmitt trigger or a comparator
398 Tunnel effect The piercing of a barrier in a semiconductor by a particle that does not have sufficient
energy to go over the barrier.
399 Twice Full wave has ____ ripple voltage against half wave rectifier
400 Two and one-half If you are preparing to single lace conductors, the total length must be _____ times
the length of the conductor
401 Type of circulation method Flow calorimeters are classified by the type of measurement performed, the type of
used heating used, and what other characteristics?
402 Vacancy defect A crystal defect caused by the absence of an atom, ion, or molecule in a crystal lattice
403 Van der Waals Forces that hold molecules together in crystals
404 Varley loop A device containing a Wheatstone bridge, for comparing resistances and for locating
faults in telephone circuits.
405 Vertical Software that refers to the group of like customers is called
406 Very negative In an N-channel JFET, pinch-off occurs when the gate bias is
407 V-I characteristic Relationship curve graph of a diode
408 Villari effect In magneto-resistive materials, the change in magnetic induction which accompanies
the application of a mechanical stress in a given direction
409 Vision system, sensors, off- In high technology robots, which of the following types of peripheral devices can be
time programming interfaced with high technology controllers?
410 Voltage controlled Relaxation oscillator whose frequency can be changed by a variable DC control voltage
oscillator
411 Voltage follower An amplifier with a closed-loop voltage gain of unity
412 VOM Combination of voltmeter, milliammeter and ohmmeter
413 Voss-McCartney Noise generator that produces modulated square wave pulses
414 Wafer mask A device that allows the depositing of materials in selected areas of semiconductor
substrate
415 Wall effect The contribution to the ionization in an ionization chamber by electrons liberated
from the walls
416 Wave generator, Flexspline Components of harmonic drive
and Circular spline
417 Wein bridge has a series RC combination in one arm and a parallel RC combination in the adjoining
arm; used as a notch filter in harmonic distortion analyzer
418 Weinhert effect Voltage build-up on two ends of a wire
419 Western Union splice Prevents fracturing the coating
420 Wheatstone bridge Which of the following bridges measures dc resistance?
421 Wiedemann-Franz Law The law that the ratio of the thermal conductivity of a metal to its electrical
conductivity is a constant, independent of the metal, times the absolute temperature
422 Wiegand effect The ability of a mechanically stressed ferromagnetic wire to recognize rapid switching
of magnetization when subjected to a dc magnetic field
423 Wien bridge Used to measure capacitance in great accuracy
424 Wien effect For an electrolytic substance, an increase in conductivity (decrease in resistivity) that
occurs when a very large voltage is placed across the material
425 Will become four times In a simple DC circuit, if you double the voltage and reduce the resistance in half, what
greater happens to the current?
426 William Gilbert Who invented the gauge to help measure objects ability to attract?
427 Wilson effect Electric polarization of a dielectric material being moved in a magnetic field
428 XNOR Logic gate that has an output if the inputs are in the same logic level
429 Y Plates Deflection sensitivity of CRT inversely depends on separation between
430 Yaw The angular displacement of a moving joint about an axis which is perpendicular to
the line of motion and the top side of the body
431 Zener effect Explains the action that takes place in a heavily doped PN junction with a reverse
above 5 volts
432 Zero In a JFET drain current is maximum when VGS is ______
433 Zero When two perfect sine waves with same amplitudes but opposite in phase is added
results in