International Journal of Mechanical and Production

Engineering Research and Development (IJMPERD)

ISSN (P): 2249-6890; ISSN (E): 2249-8001
Vol. 8, Issue 1, Feb 2018, 763-768
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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF VEHICLE FRONT AXLE

PONSHANMUGAKUMAR A1 & RAJAVEL R2

1
Research Scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, AMET University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
2
Department of Mechanical Engineering, AMET University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT

A hub is a focal shaft for a turning wheel. On wheeled vehicles, the centre might be settled to the wheels,
pivoting with them, or resolved to its environment, with the wheels turning around the hub. The axles serve to transmit
driving torque to the bike, and in addition to keeping up the position of the wheels with respect to each other and the
vehicle body. The axles in a framework should likewise bear the heaviness of the vehicle in addition to any payload.
The front hub pillar is one of the significant parts of vehicle suspension framework. It houses the controlling get together
too. Around 35 to 40 percent of the aggregate vehicle weight is taken up by the front pivot. Subsequently, the legitimate
outline of the front pivot bar is to a high degree critical. In present research work plan of the front axle for Ashok
Leyland, 1612 Comet substantial business vehicle was finished. The approach in this venture has partitioned into two
stages. In the initial step, the front pivot was outlined by diagnostic strategy. For this, the vehicle determinations, its gross
weight and payload limit to discover the burdens and diversion in the shaft has been utilised. In the second step front

Original Article
pivot were displayed in NX-CAD and coincided in HYPERMESH programming module. The coincided model was
explained in ANSYS programming. The FE results were a contrasted and scientific plan.

KEYWORDS: Wheeled Vehicles, Comet Substantial & ANSYS Programming

Received: Oct 05, 2017; Accepted: Oct 25, 2017; Published: Jan 23, 2018; Paper Id.: IJMPERDFEB201884

INTRODUCTION

To achieve the need to outline a direct auto, (Boujut, J. F. and Blanco, E., 2003), (Jayaram, S, ‘et al.'
1999) the essential specialist should utilise innovative ideas. The requests on the vehicle planner expanded and
changed quickly, first to meet new security prerequisites and later to lessen weight with a specific end goal to fulfil
mileage necessities. (Odenthal, D, ‘et al.' 2012), (Kwasniewski, L, ‘et al.' 2006), (Ono, E, ‘et al.' 1998).
The experience couldn't be stretched out to new vehicle sizes, and execution information was not accessible on the
new criteria. Scientific displaying was in this way a consistent road to investigate. Most as of late, the limited
component strategy, a PC subordinate numerical system, has opened up another way to deal with vehicle outline.
(Veerakumar, P, ‘et al.' 2017), (Allen, R. W, ‘et al.' 1987) Synthesis, growth, spectral, optical and thermal studies
of thiourea family crystal: TTPB stated the thermal analysis of the mechanical systems (Subashini, A, ‘et al.'
2017), (B. Thangalakshmi, Nov 2013).

RELATED WORK

An investigation is made of the impact of tire-mechanics attributes on the conduct of a car experiencing
moves requiring the tires to deliver joined longitudinal and parallel powers. The numerical model utilised to speak
to the vehicle joins wheel rotational degrees of flexibility and connections communicating the longitudinal and
horizontal tire shear drive segments as logical elements of tire standard load, sideslip and slant points, and

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764 Ponshanmugakumar A & Rajavel R

longitudinal slip.

(Kim, C. W., ‘et al.' 2005) A three-dimensional method for examination is proposed for the bridge– vehicle
cooperation to explore the dynamic reactions of a steel brace scaffold and vehicles. The overseeing conditions of
movement for a three-dimensional bridge– vehicle association framework considering the roadway surface are determined
to utilise the Lagrange condition of action while the coupled bridge– vehicle collaboration framework is settled employing
Newmark's β technique.

(Tamboli, J. A., & Joshi, S. G. 1999) Vehicles are subjected to arbitrary excitation because of street unevenness
and variable speed. In most research work announced before, the reaction examination for Mean Square Acceleration
Response (MSAR) has been completed by considering the power ghostly thickness (PSD) of the street excitation as
repetitive sound, the speed of the vehicle as consistent. Be that as it may, in the present paper the PSD of the genuine street
excitation has been found to take after a roughly exponentially diminishing bend.

(Shen, S, ‘et al.' 2007) In this article, the issues of progression and solidness for vehicle planar movement
frameworks have been examined. By presenting an alleged joint-point locus approach, equilibria of the structure and their
related dependability properties are given geometrically. With this technique, it is found that the distinction between the
front and the back directing edges assumes a vital part in vehicle framework progression and that the topological structure
of the stage picture and the sorts of bifurcations are not the same as those distributed beforehand.

(Xu, Y. L., & Guo, W. H. 2003) This paper shows an arrangement for performing a dynamic examination of the
coupled street vehicle and link stayed connect frameworks under turbulent breezes. Street vehicles are glorified as a mix of
various inflexible bodies associated with a progression of springs and dampers. A link stayed connect displayed utilizing
the three-dimensional limited component technique.

PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
Design

The front axle support have the ‘ I ’ section beam. And the axle is bent in the two ends. This beam is designed in
the 3D modeling software called solid works with the appropriate dimensions of the front axle and analysed with the
various materials like cast iron and ductile cast iron by using the ANSYS software. The results obtained for various
materials is compared with the steel which is currently used for manufacturing the front axle. Comparison includes the
mechanical properties like stress, strain and total deformations. Finally the material which have the high mechanical
strength is chosen for the further process of the axle manufacturing purposes.

Figure 1: Cross Section of the 3D Model

After utilization of limit condition, the model is explained. The removal and stress have been a plot in ANSYS

Impact Factor (JCC): 6.8765 NAAS Rating: 3.11

Design and Analysis of Vehicle Front Axle 765

programming module. The model of the hub is reproduced for two material in particular as Ductile CI and CI.

For Ductile CI
Deflection in the Axle

Figure 2: Total Deflection

The above figure shows the result of total deflection of the front axle by using the ANSYS workbench software.
In the figure 2 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front axle. The blue color
denotes the minimum deformation and the red color denotes the maximum deformations.

Stresses in Axle

Figure 3: Analysis Result for Total Stress

The above figure shows the result of total stress of the front axle by using the ANSYS workbench software.
In the figure 3 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front axle. The blue color
denotes the minimum stress and the green color denotes the maximum stress.

RESULT & DISCUSSIONS

For Material Sae 1020
Deflection in Axle

Figure 4: Analysis Result for Total Deflection for SAE 1020 Material

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766 Ponshanmugakumar A & Rajavel R

The above figure shows the result of total deflection for SAE 1020 material of the front axle by using the ANSYS
workbench software. In the figure 4 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front
axle. The blue color denotes the minimum deflection and the red color denotes the maximum deflection.

Stresses in the Axle

Figure 5: Analysis Result for Total Stress for SAE 1020 Material

The above figure shows the result of total stress for SAE 1020 material of the front axle by using the ANSYS
workbench software. In the figure 5 the multi colors are showed. The colors denote the safe and unsafe portions of the front
axle. The blue color denotes the minimum stress and the red color denotes the maximum stress.

CONCLUSIONS

From the above outcomes appeared in table 4.3 unmistakably the greatest redirection in the hub is for SAE 1020
materials yet in the meantime, the most extreme anxiety dispersion is low for SAE 1020 than Ductile Cast Iron. Along
these lines, that SAE 1020 is better material for assembling of the hub than Ductile Cast Iron. Under vertical stacking case,
greatest anxiety is beneath spring cushion area. Along these lines, the life is least of beneath cushion area and most extreme
stretch area is in the goose neck of hub for vertical and braking case. The relationship between's anxiety comes about
because of a logical count and from FEA guarantees that the work size and displaying approach utilised for the part were
very much characterized. At last, we could convey a safe and approve configuration to suit the necessities of the venture.

REFERENCES

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Impact Factor (JCC): 6.8765 NAAS Rating: 3.11

Design and Analysis of Vehicle Front Axle 767

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