SULIT

4531/2

Kertas 2
2½ jam

PEPERIKSAAN PERCUBAAN SPM 2014

PUSAT TUISYEN E-LESTARI

PHYSICS
Paper 2
Two hours and thirty minutes

JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA DIBERITAHU

1. Kertas soalan ini adalah dalam dwibahasa. Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa

Markah Markah
2. Soalan dalam Bahasa Malaysia adalah Bahagian Soalan
Penuh Diperoleh
sepadan dengan soalan dalam Bahasa 4
1
Inggeris.
2 5
3. Calon dibenarkan menjawab keseluruhan 3 6
atau sebahagian soalan sama ada dalam 7
4
Bahasa Inggeris atau Bahasa Malaysia. A
5 8
4. Calon dikehendaki membaca maklumat 6 8
di halaman 2.
7 10
8 12
9 20
B
10 20
11 20
C
12 20
Jumlah
2
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Section A
[60 marks]
1 Diagram 1.1 shows the distance-time graph for the motion of a runner who is running
along a straight line.
s/m

0
t/s

(a) Based on Diagram 1.1, what is the distance travelled by the runner after 10 s?

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]

(b) What physical quantity is given by the gradient of the graph in Diagram 1.1?

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]

(c) Describe the motion of the runner,

(i) from A to B

……...……………………………………..……………………………………..
[1 mark]

(ii) from B to C

……...……………………………………..……………………………………..
[1 mark]
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2 Diagram 2.1 shows initial reading of a stopwatch at beginning of an experiment. The

stopwatch was used to measure time for 20 complete oscillations made by a simple
pendulum of length, l.
Diagram 2.2 shows the reading of the stopwatch at the end of the experiment.

DIAGRAM 2.1 DIAGRAM 2.2

(a) (i) State the type of error shown in Diagram 2.1.

……...……………………………………..……………………………………..
[1 mark]

(ii) What is the actual time taken for the pendulum to complete 20 oscillations?

……...……………………………………..……………………………………..
[1 mark]

(b) (i) Find the period of one complete oscillation, T, for this pendulum.

[1 mark]

(ii) The relationship between the length, l, and the period, T, of a simple
 g  2
pendulum is given by the equation, l   T .
 4
2

Using the value of T obtained in (b)(i), calculate length, l, of pendulum.
[ Given that π = 3.142 and g = 10 m s-2]

[2 marks]
 5

3 Diagram 3.1 shows a mirror at the corner of a shop.

Mirror

DIAGRAM 3.1

(a) Name the type of mirror shown in Diagram 3.1.

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]
(b) Name two characteristic of the image formed by the mirror.

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]
(c) Sketch a ray diagram to show how the image is formed.

[3 marks]

(d) What is the advantage of using this type of mirror in the shop?

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]
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4 Diagram 4.1 shows the use of a transistor in a circuit.

Bulb
R1 = 1500 Ω
IC
IB 6V

R2 V2 IE

DIAGRAM 4.1
(a) Name the type of transistor used.

…...………..……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]

(b) The transistor is switched on when the base voltage V2 ≥ 2 V.

(i) Write an equation to show the relationship between IB, IC and IE.

...........……………………………………………..……………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Calculate the minimum value of R2 when the transistor is switched on.

[2 marks]

(c) The resistor R2 is then replaced with a light dependent resistor which has a high
resistance when it is dark.

(i) Explain whether the bulb will light up during the day.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

(ii) Besides being used as a switch, state one other use of a transistor.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
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5 Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2 show two eggs released from the same height and drop on
to Surface A and Surface B respectively.
Egg Egg

Does not break Breaks

Surface A/Diagram 5.1 Surface B/Diagram 5.2

(a) What is meant by impulse?
.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) With reference to Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2;
(i) Compare the force on the eggs that strike Surface A and Surface B.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Compare the time of impact of the eggs on Surface A and Surface B.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iii) Compare the change in momentum of the eggs in both situations.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(iv) State relationship between force produced in a collision and the time of impact.
.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(v) Suggest a suitable material for Surface A.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(c) Diagram 5.3 shows a pile hammer used in driving a pile into ground at a construction site.

Explain how a large force is produced by pile hammer in driving pile into the ground.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]
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6 Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2 show that a current is induced in a solenoid when there is
relative motion between the solenoid and the bar magnet.

X Y

N N

DIAGRAM 6.1 / RAJAH 6.1 DIAGRAM 6.2 / RAJAH 6.2

(a) What is meant by induced current?

.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(b) Based on the direction of the current in Diagram 6.1 and Diagram 6.2;

(i) Label the polarity at the end of each solenoid in box X and box Y.
[2 marks]

(ii) Label direction of motion of the bar magnet in Diagam 6.1 and Diagram 6.2
[2 marks]

(c) (i) Based on the answers in 6(b)(i) and 6(b)(ii), state the effect of the polarity at
the end of the solenoid on the motion of the bar magnet.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(ii) Name the law that applies to (c)(i).

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(d) Suggest one method to increase the induced current in the solenoid.

.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
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7 Diagram 7.1 shows two cups of coffee of equal mass being cooled by adding a few pieces
of ice cubes. Ice Ice

Cup A DIAGRAM 7.1 Cup B

Initially, each cup contains 0.5 kg of coffee at 75.5 oC. It is observed that both cups of
coffee reach a final temperature of 25 oC at the same time.
(a) What is meant by specific latent heat of fusion?

.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(b) (i) Which cup of coffee requires more ice?

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Explain your answer in (b)(i).

.....................……………………………………………………………………..

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

(c) Calculate the heat released when the coffee is cooled down to 25 oC.
[Specific heat capacity of coffee = 4500 J kg–1 oC–1]

[2 marks]

(d) (i) Calculate the mass of ice needed to cool the coffee in cup A to 25 oC.
[Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 J kg–1 oC–1,
specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.36 x 105 J kg–1]

[3 marks]
(ii) State one assumption which you made in your calculation in (d)(i).

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
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8 Diagram 8.1 shows positions of two policemen A and B standing behind two tall
buildings. The policemen are holding a walkie-talkie each. Two buildings are 4 m apart.
Policeman A

4m

Tall building

Policeman B
DIAGRAM 8.1 / RAJAH 8.1
The policemen communicate with each other by using radio waves.

(a) Radio waves are a type of ………………………………………………. [1 mark]

(b) (i) Name the wave phenomenon which enables the policemen to communicate
with each other.
.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(ii) Name two factors that affect the effectiveness of the above phenomenon.

.....................……………………………………………………………………..

.....................……………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]
Table 8.1 shows a few radio frequencies suggested by the policemen.

Suggested 50 MHz 500 MHz 5 GHz

frequencies
(c) Calculate the wavelengths of each of the radio waves suggested by assuming the
speed of radio waves in air is 3.0 x 108 m s–1.

[4 marks]
(d) Based on your answer in (c), which is the most suitable radio frequency to be used by
the policemen. Explain your answer.

.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
(e) Name one type of electromagnetic wave which is suitable for satellite
communication. Give a reason for your answer.

.........……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
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Section B[20 marks]

Answer any one question.
9 Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 show how water spurts out from its container when the
valve is opened.

Water level
Aras air Water level
Aras air

DIAGRAM 9.1 DIAGRAM 9.2

When a liquid is held in a container, it exerts pressure on the container.

(a) What is meant by pressure? [1 mark]

(b) With reference to Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the depth of the water in
both containers, the rate at which water spurts out and the distance travelled by the
water that spurts out.
Relate the distance travelled by the water that spurts out to the depth of the water.
Hence make a conclusion regarding the relationship between the pressure and the
depth of the water.
[5 marks]

(c) A small bubble of air is released from the bottom of a lake.

(i) Explain what happens to size of bubble as it rises to the surface of the water.
(ii) Explain how this change affects the upward motion of the bubble. [4 marks]

(d) Diagram 9.3 and Diagram 9.4 show the side view of two different models of a dam
made from bricks and concrete.
Water Water

Dam Dam

DIAGRAM 9.3 DIAGRAM 9.4

(i) Which model is preferable? Explain your answer.

[1 mark]
(ii) Suggest two uses of the water in the dam.
[1 mark]

(iii) Explain the modifications that need to be made to the dam to enable it to store
more water safely.
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[8 marks]
10 Diagram 10.1 and Diagram 10.2 show the activities of two radioactive sources A and B.
Activity / s–1 Activity / s–1

1200 800

900 600

600 400

300 200

0 0
5 10 15 20 Time / h 100 200 300 400 Time / s
Radioactive source A Radioactive source B
DIAGRAM 10.1 / RAJAH 10.1 DIAGRAM 10.2 / RAJAH 10.2

(a) What is meant by radioactivity? [1 mark]

(b) (i) For radioactive source A and radioactive source B, determine the time taken for
the activity to become half of its initial value.
[2 marks]
(ii) Compare the times taken in (b)(i) for the activities of radioactive source A and
radioactive source B to become half of its initial value. [1 mark]

(iii) State one common characteristic of times taken in (b)(i) for activities of
radioactive source A and B to become half of its initial value.
[1 mark]
(iv) Give a name for the time taken for the activity of a radioactive source to
become half of its initial value. [1 mark]

(c) What is nuclear fission and nuclear fusion? Explain how these two nuclear reactions
are able to release energy? [4 marks]

(d) Diagram 10.3 shows an underground water pipe which has a leak.
Water pipe Location of leakage

1m

(i) Explain how a radioactive substance can be used to detect location of leakage.
[2 marks]
(ii) In using a radioactive substance to detect the leakage, suggest how the
substance should be chosen by considering the following aspects:
- the half-life of the substance
- the types of radiation emitted by the substance
- the type of detector to be used
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- the suitable type of isotope to be used and state its other function
[8 marks]

Section C[20 marks]

Answer any one question
11 (a) Table 11.1 shows 5 materials which can be used to make an optical fibre.
Material Refractive index % of light energy absorbed Rigidity Strength
P 1.75 2% Strong Weak
Q 1.80 10 % Weak Strong
R 1.70 2% Weak Strong
S 1.52 3% Strong Strong
T 1.48 10 % Weak Weak
TABLE 11.1

(i) Write an equation for finding the refractive index of a material in term of
velocity of light? [1 mark]

(ii) With the help of a diagram, explain the working principle of an optical fibre.
[4 marks]

(iii) You are asked to investigate the characteristics of the materials in Table 11.1
which could be used to make the optical fibre.
Explain the suitability of each characteristic and hence, determine the most
suitable material to be used to make the optical fibre.
Give a reason for your choice. [10 marks]

(b) Diagram 11.1 shows a coin at the bottom of a tall empty cup.
Diagram 11.2 shows coin at the bottom of the cup when the cup is filled with water.
Wat
er

DIAGRAM 11.1 DIAGRAM 11.2

(i) Compare the size of the coin in Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2, as seen by an
observer above the cup.
State the phenomenon that caused the difference in size of the coin in seen in
Diagram 11.1 and Diagram 11.2. [2 marks]

(ii) The depth of water in Diagram 11.2 is 16 cm. Calculate the apparent depth of
the coin when viewed directly from above by the observer.
4
[Refractive index of water / indeks biasan air = ]
3
[2 marks]

(c) Suggest one method that will make coin appear nearer to the observer than in (b)(i).
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[1 mark]

12 (a) (i) Draw a diagram to show how 3 resistors can be connected in series.
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain the advantages of connecting household appliances in parallel.

[4 marks]

(b) A student plans to fix a lamp in his room. Table 12.1 shows the features of 4 different
types of lamps.
Type of lamp Power Efficiency Life Span Price
Compact fluorescent lamp 18 W 50 % 7000 hours High
Filament lamp 75 W 12 % 1000 hours Low
Long fluorescent lamp 20 W 45 % 14000 hours Medium
Round fluorescent lamp 24 W 40 % 10000 hours High
TABLE 12.1

Explain the suitability of each feature in Table 12.1 and then determine the most
suitable lamp to be used. Give a reason for your choice.
[10 marks]

(c) A 5 W resistor and a 10 W resistor are connected in parallel to a 9 V power supply.

Calculate
(i) the effective resistance,
(ii) the current in the 5 W resistor,
(iii) power dissipated by the 10 W resistor.
[5 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

PREPARED BY

(CIKGU IWIN SOOSSAY)