XDM-100 GD A02 03 en

XDM®-100
Miniature MSPP for

Metro-Access and Cellular
Networks
General Description=
®
XDM -100
General Description
Third Edition, May 2004
© Copyright by ECI Telecom Ltd., 2003-2004. All rights reserved worldwide.

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XDM®-100
IMPORTANT: XDM® platforms are supplied in two versions,
for SDH and SONET. The information contained in this
document is applicable to both versions of the platforms
XDM® -100 Contents
Table of Contents
1. Introduction .....................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Introducing the XDM...........................................................................1-1
1.2 XDM®-100 – A Genuine MSPP in a Compact Package .....................1-2
1.3 Features and Benefits ........................................................................1-3
2. Applications ....................................................................................................2-1
2.1 Data Applications .............................................................................. 2-1
2.2 Metro-Access Applications ................................................................ 2-3
2.3 Cellular Applications.......................................................................... 2-4
3. System Characteristics ..................................................................................3-1

3.1 Metropolitan Transmission Networks ................................................ 3-2
3.2 Modular Architecture ......................................................................... 3-2
3.3 TDM Configuration Options ............................................................... 3-3
3.3.1 Single ADM/TM Mode............................................................ 3-3
3.3.2 Multi-ADM and Multi-TM Modes ............................................ 3-4
3.4 MXC Functionality ............................................................................. 3-5
3.5 Data Services .................................................................................... 3-6
3.5.1 Benefits and Features............................................................ 3-6
3.6 XDM-100 Traffic I/O Interface Modules ............................................. 3-7
4. System Design ................................................................................................4-1

4.1 Control and Communication...............................................................4-2
4.1.1 Internal Control and Processing .............................................4-2
4.1.2 Communication with External Equipment and
Management...........................................................................4-2
4.1.3 NE Software and Configuration Backup .................................4-3
4.1.4 Built-in Test (BIT)....................................................................4-3
4.2 Timing and Synchronization ...............................................................4-4
4.3 Traffic and Cross-connect Functionality .............................................4-6
4.4 I/O and Data Traffic Functions ...........................................................4-8
4.4.1 PIM (PDH/Async Input/Output) Modules ................................4-8
4.4.2 SIM (SDH/SONET Input/Output) and SAM
(SDH/SONET Aggregate) Modules ........................................4-8
4.4.3 EIS-M (Ethernet Interface and Switching Module)..................4-9
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Contents XDM® -100
4.5 OverHead Unit (OHU) Module..........................................................4-11

4.6 Power Feed ......................................................................................4-12
4.7 Tributary Protection Unit...................................................................4-13
5. Protection and Redundancy ..........................................................................5-1

5.1 SDH/SONET Path/Circuit Protection Schemes................................. 5-1
5.1.1 Dual Route Path Protection and Unidirectional
Path Switched Ring (UPSR) ...................................................5-2
5.1.2 SubNetwork Connection Protection (SNCP).......................... 5-4
5.2 Ethernet Protection/Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) ............. 5-5
5.3 Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) and Line Protection ................... 5-5
5.3.1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP-L) and
Automatic Protection Switch (APS) ....................................... 5-5
5.3.2 Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring (MS-SPRing)
and Bidirectional Line Switched Ring (BLSR)........................ 5-6
6. Management ....................................................................................................6-1
6.1 Layered Architecture ..........................................................................6-1
6.2 Client/Server Architecture ..................................................................6-2
6.3 Integration with Other Products..........................................................6-2
6.4 eNM LightSoft Network Manager .......................................................6-2
6.4.1 Management Interfaces ..........................................................6-3
6.4.2 User Interface .........................................................................6-3
6.4.3 Topology Management ...........................................................6-4
6.4.4 Trail Configuration ..................................................................6-5
6.4.5 Fault Management..................................................................6-6
6.4.6 Cut-through.............................................................................6-7
6.4.7 Redundancy and Security.......................................................6-7
6.5 EMS-XDM® .........................................................................................6-9
6.5.1 Performance Management .....................................................6-9
6.5.2 Alarm Management ..............................................................6-10
6.5.3 Configuration and Inventory Management............................6-10
6.5.4 Provisioning ..........................................................................6-10
6.5.5 Security Management ...........................................................6-11
6.5.6 Interfaces and Management Transparency ..........................6-11
6.5.7 Auto-discovery ......................................................................6-11
6.6 eCraft – An Advanced Web-based Craft Terminal .......................... 6-12
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XDM® -100 Contents
7. Physical Description.......................................................................................7-1
7.1 XDM-100 Shelf Configurations ...........................................................7-1
7.1.1 Basic XDM-100 Shelf..............................................................7-1
7.1.2 Expanded XDM-100 Shelf with I/O Protection ........................7-3
7.1.3 Nonredundant XDM-100 Shelf Layout ....................................7-5
7.2 Rack Installation .................................................................................7-6
7.3 Main Cross-Connect and Control (MXC) and External
Connection Unit (ECU) Cards ............................................................7-7
7.3.1 MXC Cards .............................................................................7-7
7.3.2 ECU Cards..............................................................................7-8
7.4 I/O and Aggregate Modules ...............................................................7-9
7.4.1 I/O Modules ............................................................................7-9
7.4.2 Aggregate Modules...............................................................7-10
8. XDM®-100H.......................................................................................................8-1
8.1 Applications ........................................................................................8-1
8.2 Protection ...........................................................................................8-2
8.2.1 Optical Protection ...................................................................8-2
8.3 Physical Description ...........................................................................8-5
8.3.1 Tributary Protection Unit/Optical CWDM Unit (TPU/OCU) .....8-6
A. Reference Documents ..................................................................................A-1
B. Glossary .........................................................................................................B-1
Index..................................................................................................................... I-1
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Contents XDM® -100
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XDM® -100 Contents
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: The XDM family of platforms .............................................................. 1-2
Figure 2-1: Typical Ethernet application ............................................................... 2-2
Figure 2-2: XDM-100 in a metro-access application............................................. 2-3
Figure 2-3: XDM-100 in a metro-edge application ................................................ 2-3
Figure 2-4: XDM-100 in a cellular application ....................................................... 2-4
Figure 3-1: XDM-100 as a multi-ADM................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-2: XDM-100 cross-connect scheme ....................................................... 3-5
Figure 4-1: Control system block diagram ............................................................ 4-3
Figure 4-2: Timing distribution block diagram ....................................................... 4-5
Figure 4-3: General block diagram ....................................................................... 4-7
Figure 4-4: EIS-M functionality.............................................................................. 4-9
Figure 4-5: OHU block diagram .......................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-6: Power distribution ............................................................................. 4-12
Figure 5-1: Path protection switching in a bidirectional self-healing ring .............. 5-2
Figure 5-2: Path diversity protection switching in a mixed equipment ring ........... 5-3
Figure 5-3: Integration with other vendors’ SDH/SONET equipment.................... 5-4
Figure 5-4: MSP/APS protection modes ............................................................... 5-6
Figure 5-5: Two-fiber MS-SPRring/BLSR protection ............................................ 5-7
Figure 6-1: ECI Telecom's layered architecture management concept ................ 6-1
Figure 6-2: eNM LightSoft main window ............................................................... 6-4
Figure 6-3: XDM-100 shelf view as displayed in the EMS-XDM ........................... 6-9
Figure 7-1: Basic XDM-100 shelf layout ............................................................... 7-2
Figure 7-2: XDM-100 slot allocation...................................................................... 7-3
Figure 7-3: Nonredundant XDM-100 shelf layout ................................................. 7-5
Figure 7-4: Four XDM-100 shelves in a 2200 mm rack ........................................ 7-6
Figure 8-1: Typical applications using XDM-100H................................................. 8-2
Figure 8-2: OCH protection scheme ..................................................................... 8-3
Figure 8-3: OMSP line protection.......................................................................... 8-4
Figure 8-4: XDM-100H shelf layout....................................................................... 8-5
Figure 8-5: TPU/OCU shelf................................................................................... 8-6
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Contents XDM® -100
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XDM® -100 Contents
List of Tables
Table 3-1: Shelf interfaces capacity...................................................................... 3-7
Table 4-1: EIS-M ports........................................................................................ 4-10
Table 5-1: Traffic protection schemes................................................................... 5-8
Table 5-2: Equipment/interface protection schemes............................................. 5-8
Table 7-1: TPU tributary protection modules ........................................................ 7-4
Table 7-2: I/O interface modules........................................................................... 7-9
Table 7-3: Aggregate interface modules............................................................. 7-10
Table 8-1: I/O modules ......................................................................................... 8-6
Table 8-2: Mux/demux modules............................................................................ 8-7
Table 8-3: OADM modules ................................................................................... 8-7
Table 8-4: Splitter/Coupler modules ..................................................................... 8-7
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Contents XDM® -100
viii ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

1
Introduction
1.1 Introducing the XDM
ECI Telecom's Optical Networks Division's XDM® intelligent optical platforms
integrate all the transport functions of a complete Point of Presence (POP) in a
single shelf size element. The XDM accommodates the growing demand for
bandwidth, while maintaining compatibility and enhanced flexibility to transport all
types of traffic, including voice, data, ATM and IP.
In addition to the XDM®-100 miniature Multiservice Provisioning Platform (MSPP)
described in this document, ECI Telecom offers different types of XDM shelves,
suitable for a variety of applications, topologies and configurations:
®
♦ XDM -200 – a compact Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing
(CWDM) platform for metro-access networks
®
♦ XDM -400 – a fully functional, smaller version of the XDM platform,
uniquely designed for metro-access, diverse cellular networks and long-haul
applications
®
♦ XDM -500 – data aware access gateway – compact shelf designed for
medium interface capacities and street cabinet installations
®
♦ XDM -1000 – multiservice metro optical platform – highly dense shelf
designed for high capacity central exchange applications
®
♦ XDM -2000 – multifunctional intelligent optical switch, optimized for
optical DWDM applications
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Introduction XDM® -100
Figure 1-1: The XDM family of platforms
1.2 XDM®-100 – A Genuine MSPP in a Compact

Package
Today's cellular and access networks demand add-on service capabilities for a vast
array of systems, such as 2G, 2.5G and 3G base-station traffic, SDH/SONET optical
rings, chains, point-to-point connections and radio links. At the same time, operators
and service providers are expected to be able to provide broadband services to their
enterprise customers over the same infrastructure, while reducing power
consumption, space requirements and overall cost. ECI Telecom's XDM-100
miniature MSPP is the answer to all of these requirements – and more.
1-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

XDM® -100 Introduction
MSPPs have begun to play a critical role in the journey from legacy to
next-generation networks. The XDM-100 MSPP enables carriers to leverage their
SDH/SONET installed base while offering an increasing mix of services to their
customers. With its high modularity and flexibility of interfaces, the XDM-100
MSPP preserves the high availability and quality of networking services.
Designed to provide a swift response to evolving network requirements, the
XDM-100 brings greater levels of flexibility to metropolitan and cellular networks,
and has emerged as a solid solution for these focused and highly cost-sensitive
markets.
1.3 Features and Benefits

ECI Telecom's XDM-100 miniature MSPP delivers a cost-effective and affordable
mix of Ethernet, SDH/SONET and PDH/Async services, resulting in new
revenue-generating opportunities. It offers a wide variety of features and benefits,
including:
♦ Gradual in-service capacity expansion based on service provisioning needs.
An optical connection operating at a specific STM/OC rate can be upgraded
from STM-1/OC-3 to STM-4/16/OC-12/48 without affecting traffic. This
high adaptability and "build-as-you-grow"™ architecture translates into
significant savings in both OPEX and CAPEX.
♦ Sublambda grooming enables high utilization of existing fibers and top
efficiency in transmission of different types of services.
♦ Multi-ADM and cross-connect functionality make the XDM-100 ideal for
deployment in flexible network topologies, such as ring, mesh, and star.
®
♦ The XDM -100H cost option supplements all of the above-mentioned
features with CWDM capability on the same single platform. This establishes
a clear lead for metro-access applications with escalating bandwidth
requirements.
♦ The XDM-100 is compact and resilient, making it perfectly suited for both
indoor and outdoor enclosures. Due to its extended operating temperature
range, it is also most suitable for harsh environmental conditions.

Introduction XDM® -100

2
Applications
The XDM®-100 is a flexible MSPP that can be deployed in various applications. Its
exceptional capacity and modularity, combined with its small footprint and
economical cost, make it ideal for metro-access and cellular networks.
The XDM-100 boosts service provisioning, aggregation and transport from
metro-edge to metro-core, converting it into an essential element in today’s
networks.
2.1 Data Applications

Ethernet services have been the driving force in the telecommunications industry in
recent years, providing a new approach to data service provisioning and
connectivity. This has brought about exceptional growth in the demand for more
bandwidth at reduced costs.
One of the XDM-100's key features is its Layer 2 Ethernet capabilities, which offer
carriers a clear migration path from pure TDM-based, legacy services to new
value-added data services. The XDM-100 Ethernet capabilities enable carriers to
provide services, such as Ethernet Private Lines (replacing traditional TDM leased-
line services), Ethernet Virtual Private Lines using shared Ethernet rings, and
Ethernet Virtual Private LAN services, extending corporate LANs over the WAN.
All services can be offered with Quality of Service (QoS) and Service Level
Agreement (SLA) assurances, controlled and managed by ECI Telecom's Optical
Networks Division's multidimensional eNM LightSoft™ Network Management
System (NMS).

Applications XDM® -100
Figure 2-1: Typical Ethernet application
The XDM-100 polices and queues traffic to ensure QoS and manages bandwidth
resources at the packet level. As many customers insist on a fully guaranteed QoS,
the XDM-100 enables you to provide a range of QoS levels for different customers,
as well as several service levels for the same customer, if required.

XDM® -100 Applications
2.2 Metro-Access Applications

Metro-access networks are characterized by an increasing demand on the part of
residential and business customers for higher bandwidth to support voice, data and
video services.
The compact XDM-100 offers scalable STM-1/4/16 or OC-3/12/48 aggregation of
access traffic in multirings and point-to-point topologies. The platform adds/drops
various PDH/Async, SDH/SONET, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE), and Fast Ethernet
services at local Points of Presence (POPs).
The XDM-100 also provides a service layer, which terminates WAN links and
consolidates Ethernet traffic arriving from the local access network. Traffic can be
carried to local GbE interfaces or routed to the metro-core network.
Metro core
TDM
FE TDM
FE Metro access
TDM
FE
TDM FE
TDM FE
TDM FE
Figure 2-2: XDM-100 in a metro-access application
Metro access ring

STM-16/OC-48
BroadGate
mSDM-1
E1
XDM-100 E3/DS3
STM-1/4/16
OC-3/12/48 STM-1/OC-3
Local access ring
STM-1/ STM-1/4
OC-3 OC-3/12 BroadGate
E1, E3/DS3 BroadGate mLAN
FE, GbE FE E1
mDXC
XDSL
Fiber Fiber
BroadGate BroadGate
nNT-L nNT-X
Ethernet E1 V.35/ E1
FE X.21
Figure 2-3: XDM-100 in a metro-edge application

2.3 Cellular Applications

As the cellular market continues to boom, it is essential for operators to deal with
constant increases in traffic, changes in connectivity demands affecting network
topologies, and migration to new technologies (GSM to GPRS to 3G). All of these
changes require scalable and flexible optical infrastructure expansions down to the
RAN (Remote Access Network).
When placed in hub RAN sites, the XDM-100 supports:
♦ Aggregation of low-order traffic generated at BTSs (Base Station
Transceiver Stations)/Node Bs into higher link rates
♦ Consolidation of data traffic with TDM traffic for shared infrastructure
♦ Point-to-point rings and mesh topologies
♦ Closure of multiple STM-1/OC-3 rings (BTS/Node B collector rings)
♦ Closure of higher bitrate rings towards remote BSC or RNC centralized sites
(STM-4/16 or OC-12/48 rings)
♦ Efficient handling of advanced data services (WLAN and IP migration) and
additional data services provided by cellular operators
Functioning as both an ADM and a small cross-connect, the XDM-100 can easily
convert from an aggregation component to a multi-ADM. This is performed once
cellular operators decide to migrate from leased lines at the RAN to building their
own infrastructure.
Figure 2-4: XDM-100 in a cellular application

XDM® -100 Applications
The XDM-100 is designed to meet today’s growing network needs, such as the
cost-reduction requirements needed in metropolitan and cellular applications.
Optimized to meet the demands of today and tomorrow, the XDM-100 is the key
building block for achieving highly competitive solutions. It enables operators to
cater to unpredictable growth while avoiding the need to restructure their network. It
also allows them to benefit from improved network efficiency and significant
savings in terms of cost and footprint.


3
System Characteristics
As part of ECI Telecom's Optical Networks Division's XDM® family of products,
the XDM®-100 is the solution for delivering a variety of services, while supporting a
wide range of redundant and non-redundant configurations.
Designed for installation in Customer Premises Equipment/Customer Located
Equipment (CPE/CLE), Central Offices (COs), and street-side and basement
cabinets, the XDM-100 integrates Ethernet with SDH/SONET capabilities. It
supports all traditional SDH/SONET and PDH/Async service interfaces, Ethernet
interfaces with a 20 Gbps capacity, as well as a Coarse Wavelength Division
Multiplexing (CWDM) cost option, all packed into a 200 mm-high unit.
ECI Telecom's XDM-100 eliminates the boundaries between data and voice
communication environments, and paves the way for the provisioning of services,
without sacrificing any equipment reliability, robustness, and QoS. Thus, both
operators and service providers benefit from the best of both worlds: the
cost-effectiveness and universality of Ethernet, and the QoS, scalability, and
survivability of SDH/SONET.
Used in many subnetwork topologies, the XDM-100 can handle a mixture of
point-to-point, hubbed, and meshed traffic patterns. This combined functionality
means operators can benefit from improved network efficiency and significant
savings in terms of cost and footprint.

System Characteristics XDM® -100
3.1 Metropolitan Transmission Networks

While transmission network needs vary from carrier to carrier, they all have one
common feature – the need for additional bandwidth to meet constantly increasing
telecommunication requirements. Designed to meet the demands of metropolitan
access markets, the XDM-100 is a reliable and scalable network platform that helps
providers minimize initial investment and adjust their growth to future demands.
The XDM-100:
♦ Aggregates traffic arriving over Ethernet, E1, E3, DS-3 and STM-1/4 or
OC-3/12 signals directly over STM-1/4/16 or OC-3/12/48
♦ Can be configured as a Terminal Multiplexer (TM) with a single port for the
line aggregates, as an ADM with two aggregate ports, or as a multi-ADM
and cross-connect
♦ Features an optional I/O Tributary Protection Unit (TPU) for added hardware
protection
♦ Is suitable for indoor or outdoor installations
♦ Supports an extended operating temperature range up to 55° C
♦ CWDM support as a cost option, offering an economical solution for
expanding bandwidth needs
3.2 Modular Architecture

The XDM-100 is a miniature STM-1/4/16 or OC-3/12/48 add/drop multiplexer
optimized especially for metro-access and cellular networks.
With the XDM-100 build-as-you-grow™ strategy, network operators are able to
provide new services as needed, expanding traffic capacity with minimum
investment.
The platform’s architecture allows expansion according to market demand. Its
modular features include:
♦ Add or replace plug-in modules. Replacements can be performed while the
system is in operation, without affecting traffic in any way.
♦ Optimization of aggregate module assignment. Two aggregate modules are
associated with each Main Cross-connect and Control (MXC) card. Each
module supports a bandwidth of up to 2.5 Gbps.
♦ Optimization of tributary I/O slot assignment. Eight slots can accommodate
different I/O modules (PIM, SIM, and EIS-M). (See Chapter 4, System
Design, for more details.)
♦ In-service scalability of SDH/SONET links. An optical connection operating
at a specific STM/OC rate can be upgraded from STM-1 to STM-4/16 or
from OC-3 to OC-12/48.

XDM® -100 System Characteristics
3.3 TDM Configuration Options

The XDM-100’s outstanding grooming capabilities (from 2 Mbps up to a full
2.5 Gbps in the same switching fabric) make it particularly suitable for traffic
adjustments and network expansions. This matchless combination shrinks the
amount of required network resources and reduces bottlenecks in metro-access and
cellular hub sites.
The platform features common I/O slots and hot-swappable modules for numerous
topology combinations, bitrates, protection schemes, and ports or protocols, for any
required service. Furthermore, it allows you to build-as-you-grow™, since the
elements are primarily deployed with minimal configuration and may be expanded
as network traffic demands grow.
The XDM-100 supports mesh, ring, star, and linear topologies. All system
configurations are controlled by a single network management system with
end-to-end service provisioning.
The XDM-100 can be configured to operate as a:
♦ Single ADM/TM
♦ Multi-ADM/TM
3.3.1 Single ADM/TM Mode

In the ADM/TM mode, the XDM-100 provides classic SDH/SONET multiplexing
functionality. It operates at the STM-1/4/16 or OC-3/12/48 line bitrates.
To operate the XDM-100 as a TM, a single aggregate is required. To operate it as an
ADM, two are used. Any service can then be provisioned by adding the relevant I/O
modules. In all modes, the XDM-100 matrix provides full nonblocking connectivity,
allowing high flexibility to traffic changes, efficient aggregation and network
utilization, and simplified network operation.
Although powerful enough in its initial configuration, a simple ADM/TM
implemented by the XDM-100 is future proof, with many expansion options:
♦ When traffic demand grows, the ADM or TM can be upgraded from
STM-1/OC-3 to STM-16/OC-48 on the same shelf
♦ When new rings need to be deployed, the same element can be upgraded to a
multi-ADM, closing several rings
♦ When new bandwidth-hungry and data-oriented services are added, the
simple addition of modules is sufficient

3.3.2 Multi-ADM and Multi-TM Modes

Typical metro-edge nodes aggregate access traffic from multiple rings, chains, and
point-to-point links.
A multi-ADM approach assures a more granular and scalable bandwidth at a much
lower cost than traditional TDM services. The ability to deliver this over an existing
SDH/SONET network means carriers can minimize their investment in new
infrastructure as they deliver carrier-class reliability, scalability, and manageability.
The multi-ADM configuration is ideal for hub sites that close several rings.
When configured as a multi-TM, the XDM-100 replaces several TMs, terminating
the SDH/SONET line and delivering lower-rate services to end-users. This
configuration is suitable for dual or multiple homing applications.
Figure 3-1: XDM-100 as a multi-ADM

3.4 MXC Functionality

The XDM-100 Main Cross-Connect and Control (MXC) card performs all the
XDM-100 cross-connect, timing, multiplexing and power functions, including:
♦ Multiplexer control and traffic processing. The processor controls all
multiplexer functions.
♦ Input power filtering (INF) and DC/DC conversion. Each card accepts two
power input sources, which are EMC filtered, and creates the operating
voltages.
♦ SDH/SONET traffic cross-connection (via a 192x192 STM-1/OC-3 switch).
The switch handles aggregate and tributary interface traffic. The actual used
capacity is 128 x 128 STM-1/OC-3 equivalents.
♦ Multiplexer timing unit. A full featured XDM TMU.
♦ DCC routing and handling of 32 DCC channels.
♦ Each MXC card also has a nonvolatile flash memory (NVM).
For reliability purposes, a redundant pair of main cross-connect control cards
(MXC-A and MXC-B) may be configured, with A being the active card and B the
protection card.
1 1
4/4/3/1
128 STM-1 equivalents 128 STM-1 equivalents
Figure 3-2: XDM-100 cross-connect scheme
In the redundant configuration, MXC-A and MXC-B cards operate in parallel. Each
XDM-100 matrix permits full nonblocking connectivity at all VC or STS levels. The
matrices are connected to all I/O modules, providing 1.25 Gbps capacity to each of
them.
The XDM-100 provides several types of cross-connects in compliance with
applicable ITU-T and Telcordia standards. These include broadband, wideband, and
integrated broadband/wideband cross-connects.
The XDM-100 also supports a non-redundant configuration, which activates a single
matrix and a bridge card (MXC-BR). In this configuration, the protection trails are
routed via the MXC-BR, which replaces the MXC-B, to additional parts of the
single matrix. The MXC-BR bridges traffic from I/O modules to the dedicated
traffic buses located in the MXC-A, with a total capacity of 10 Gbps.

3.5 Data Services

Technology infrastructures that are capable of handling data traffic often require
rebuilding or replacement to handle the volumes of data generated today. This can
be expensive and time-consuming. Therefore, telecom operators require a highly
available and scalable broadband infrastructure to deliver increasing amounts of data
to their customers seamlessly and transparently.
ECI Telecom's XDM-100 platform bridges between these technologies by
consolidating the Ethernet and transport layers over SDH/SONET. It accomplishes
this without sacrificing any of the equipment reliability and robustness, or operators'
QoS demands.
As a one-edge node platform, the XDM-100 supports data applications with
Ethernet Layer 2 services via a special Ethernet module called the EIS-M (Ethernet
Interface and Switching Module).
Four EIS-Ms can be accommodated in the XDM shelf, either working independently
or protecting one another. The EIS-M enables service providers to broaden their
service offerings and provide end-users with Ethernet Layer 2 services.
3.5.1 Benefits and Features

The XDM-100 provides a myriad of benefits and features:
♦ EIS-M service provider benefits, including:
♦ Enhanced CAPEX savings (less equipment) and bandwidth utilization
♦ Reduced OPEX due to the cost-effective integration of Ethernet with
SDH/SONET on one platform with a single management system
♦ Multiple Ethernet services, provided on one physical port, including:
♦ LAN to LAN, pure point-to-point, and multipoint connectivity
♦ Bandwidth granularity and shared or dedicated bandwidth
♦ Statistical multiplexing and ISP connectivity
♦ Layer 2 data application features, including:
♦ Multipoint-to-multipoint transparent LAN services
♦ Shared capacity for multiple users, ensuring cost-effective statistical
multiplexing
♦ Ethernet over SDH/SONET advantages, including:
♦ Ethernet with carrier-class reliability, operation, and management
♦ A wide variety of protection schemes
♦ Ethernet traffic carried over existing SDH/SONET infrastructure,
exploiting resources, footprint, and operational efforts

3.6 XDM-100 Traffic I/O Interface Modules

The capability to support and aggregate a wide range of services over a variety of
technologies and media enables operators to deploy the XDM-100 in different
infrastructures. This provides smooth integration with existing and future networks
and enables the XDM-100 to support:
♦ High-order transmission paths for high-order and low-order subnetworks and
for IP networks (for example, LAN to LAN connectivity: GbE ↔ GbE)
♦ Leased lines at various bitrates, from 2 Mbps up to 2.5 Gbps
♦ Data and other digital services
The XDM-100 also supports a wide range of I/O interfaces and Ethernet Layer 2
services, enabling its deployment in transmission networks, as follows:
♦ SDH: E1, E3, DS-3, STM-1 electrical interface, STM-1 optical interface,
STM-4, STM-4c, STM-16, STM-16c
♦ SONET: DS-3, STS-1 (future release), OC-3 optical interface, OC-12,
OC-48
♦ DATA: 10/100BaseT, 100BaseFX, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE)
Additional interfaces are currently in development and will be available in future
releases of the platform.
All electrical and optical I/O interfaces are fully compatible with applicable ITU-T,
Telcordia, and ETSI standards.
The XDM-100 enables flexible assignment of the above I/Os. Any combination of
I/O cards is allowed, provided the total matrix capacity is not exceeded.
Table 3-1: Shelf interfaces capacity
Traffic type Ports per Max. ports

module per shelf
2 Mbps 21 168
34 Mbps 3 24
45 Mbps 3 24
STS-1 3 24
STM-1/OC-3 4 48
STM-4/OC-12 2 24
STM-16/OC-48 1 4
Ethernet 8 16


4
System Design
The XDM®-100 processes voice-based and Ethernet-based data services over
Ethernet and SDH/SONET lines. Its modular architecture enables network operators
to start small, and then simply and cost-effectively expand their systems to higher
capacities as demand grows.
This chapter describes the following XDM-100 component functions:
♦ Traffic and cross-connectivity, including:
♦ Control and communication
♦ Timing and synchronization
♦ I/O and data traffic functions, including:
♦ PIM modules
♦ SIM and SAM modules
♦ EIS-M module
♦ OverHead Unit (OHU)
♦ Power feed
♦ Tributary Protection Unit (TPU)

System Design XDM® -100
4.1 Control and Communication

The XDM-100 control and communication functions are based on the fully
redundant Multiplexer Cross-connect and Control (MXC) card. The card supports
the following functions:
♦ Internal control and processing
♦ Communication with external equipment and management
♦ Network Element (NE) software and configuration backup
♦ Built-In Test (BIT)
4.1.1 Internal Control and Processing

The MXC card provides central control, alarm, maintenance, and communication
functions for the XDM-100 network element. It also communicates with the control
processors of the various cards using a master-slave control hierarchy.
The MXC can be protected with an identical MXC card. A faulty MXC (control
function) card does not affect traffic even if only a single card is installed. The
protecting MXC card contains the exact same database as the active MXC, and
operates as a full capability standby control and communication card. If the active
card fails, or a command from the EMS-XDM® element manager fails, the standby
MXC card becomes the active control unit.
4.1.2 Communication with External Equipment and

Management
The MXC card is also responsible for communication with other network elements
and with the different management stations.
The MXC communicates with the management and other SDH/SONET NEs
through the DCC channel processed by each SDH I/O Module (SIM) and
SDH/SONET Aggregate Module (SAM). It can also communicate with a desktop or
laptop PC-based craft terminal (eCraft) via a serial interface.
The MXC can provide multiple access to all overhead bytes in all incoming
SDH/SONET lines. In addition, it provides 64 Kbps and N x 64 Kbps trail capability
for transporting management data and DCC channels of external devices, as well as
for external DCN purposes.

XDM® -100 System Design
4.1.3 NE Software and Configuration Backup

Each MXC unit contains a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) backup unit that stores a
complete backup of both the system’s software and node configuration. This ensures
that the XDM-100 benefits from superior management and control availability.
Double redundancy for system software and configuration in every shelf is provided
using a redundant NVM unit in the second MXC card.
The MXC enables easy software upgrade using a remote software procedure
operated from the EMS-XDM management station. The card can store several
different software versions at the same time and enables a quick switchover between
the different versions when required.
The XDM-100's control subsystem is separate from the traffic subsystem. In case of
a failure or extraction of the active MXC card, traffic is not impaired if an MXC
protection card exists. In this case, however, the communication capability with the
management station (see Figure 4-1) is switched over to the protecting MXC.
Figure 4-1: Control system block diagram
4.1.4 Built-in Test (BIT)

The BIT hardware and its related software assist in the identification of any faulty
card or module. The BIT outputs provide:
♦ Management reports
♦ Redundancy switching
♦ System reset
♦ Maintenance alarms
♦ Bypass (when applicable)
♦ Fault detection
Dedicated test circuits implement the BIT procedure under the control of an
integrated software package. The MXC card performs BITs on all signal paths and
buses.

After the XDM-100 is switched on, a BIT program is automatically activated for
both the initialization and normal operation phases. The operator can stop its
execution (and also restart it) from eNM LightSoft™.
BIT testing covers general tests, including module presence tests and periodic sanity
checks of I/O module processors. It performs traffic path tests, MXC environment
tests, data tests, and detects traffic-affecting failures, as well as failures in other
system modules.
4.2 Timing and Synchronization

The XDM-100 features a TiMing Unit (TMU) residing in the MXC card that
provides highly redundant, high-quality system timing to all traffic modules and
functions.
The TMU unit and the internal and external timing paths are fully redundant. The
high-level distributed BIT mechanism ensures top performance and availability of
the synchronization subsystem. In case of hardware failure, the redundant
synchronization subsystem takes over the timing control with no traffic disruption.
In order to provide reliable timing, the XDM-100 provides multiple synchronization
reference options. Networkwide multiple XDM-100 systems provide a variety of
synchronization options.
Up to four of the following timing references can be monitored simultaneously by
each XDM-100 shelf:
♦ 2 x 2 MHz external timing sources
♦ 2 x 2 Mbps external timing sources
♦ 2 x 1.5 Mbps (DS-1) external timing sources (BITS in)/SF, ESF, and
unframed
♦ STM-n/OC-n line timing from any SDH/SONET interface card
♦ Local interval clock
♦ Holdover mode
Each input timing source has its own 8 kHz frame timing, which is delivered to the
timing generator. The TMU selects one of the timing sources as a system reference.
The timing signal is received from each of the I/O modules and is routed to the
TMU through the timing reference bus. Any STM/OC line and E1 interface can be
selected as a reference source, transferring an 8 kHz timing signal to the TMU. The
external clock signal is routed directly to the clock unit, where the 8 kHz component
is extracted.

The TMU provides direct control over the source selection (received from the
system software) and the frequency control loop. The definition of the
synchronization source depends on the source quality and on the synchronization
mode according to network timing topology (set by the remote eNM LightSoft™).
Synchronization references are classified at any given time according to a predefined
priority and prevailing signal quality. The XDM-100 synchronization subsystem
synchronizes to the best available timing source using the Synchronization Status
Marker (SSM) protocol. The TMU, a Temperature Compensated Voltage Controlled
Crystal Oscillator (TVCXO), is frequency-locked to this source, providing internal
system and SDH/SONET line-transmission timing. The XDM-100 is synchronized
to this central timing source.
The XDM-100 provides synchronization outputs for synchronization of external
equipment within the exchange. There are two external E4/BITS out interfaces,
which can provide 2 MHz, 2 Mbps, or 1.544 Mbps external timing, as required.
These outputs can be used to synchronize any peripheral equipment or switch.
The operator can remotely manage network synchronization using the EMS-XDM,
and can select and determine the priority of each XDM-100 timing source reference.
These sources can include any external reference clock, PDH/Async line signal,
SDH/SONET line signal or internal clock, as described previously. In addition,
eNM LightSoft can be used to define overall network synchronization, network
synchronization maps, and alternative synchronization maps for different
contingency events.
The XDM-100 supplies a 4.6 ppm stable holdover mode when all alternative
synchronization sources are temporarily unavailable. The platform’s default clock
accuracy complies with applicable ITU-T and Telcordia standards at the network
level. Optional G.812 or G.811 synchronization quality can be provided using
additional external units.
Figure 4-2: Timing distribution block diagram

4.3 Traffic and Cross-connect Functionality

The heart of the XDM-100 is a powerful, high-capacity, non-blocking 4/4/3/1
high/low-order cross-connect matrix located in the MXC card.
The matrix core supports up to 192 VC-4 equivalents (4/4/3/1). The MXC card
provides STM-1, STM-4, or STM-16 optical interfaces.
In the SONET version, the matrix core supports up to 192 STS-3c equivalents
(4/4/3). The MXC card provides OC-3, OC-12, or OC-48 optical interfaces.
The XDM-100 multiplexer may have two alternate configurations – the redundant
configuration, which uses both the MXC A and MXC B cards, and the
non-redundant configuration, using an MXC A card and the bridge card, MXC-BR
(instead of the MXC B card). All interface modules (SAM, SIM, PIM, EISM, OHU)
connect to the central matrices in a star configuration.
The main functions of the MXC matrix include:
♦ High-order and low-order SDH 4/4/3/1 or SONET 4/4/3 matrix cross-
connects at the VC-12/VT-2SPE, VC-2/VT-6SPE, VC-3/STS-1SPE,
VC-4/STS-3c, and VC-4nc/STS-nc order up to 192 STM-1/OC-3 equivalents
(576 STS-1 equivalents).
♦ Cross-connect section protection termination. The MXC matrix core supports
MS linear protection, bidirectional and unidirectional MSP/APS 1+1, and
MS shared protection ring (MS-SPRing/BLSR) mechanisms by processing
the K1/K2 Automatic Protection Switching (APS) bytes.
♦ Overhead cross-connect. The matrix has a cross-connect capability of
SDH/SONET overhead bytes (such as E1, E2, F1, F2, and unused). This
capability is available in all STM-n/OC-n ports.
Each I/O module is directly connected to the matrix cores (both main and protection)
and linked to every cross-connect direction and level. The link is fully redundant at
intershelf levels.
Figure 4-4 illustrates the simplified XDM-100 overall block diagram. It provides an
overview of both the physical and functional partitioning of the system.

Figure 4-3: General block diagram

4.4 I/O and Data Traffic Functions
4.4.1 PIM (PDH/Async Input/Output) Modules

The function of the PIM module is to link PDH/Async interface signals to the XDM-
100's cross-connect matrix (MXC).
The XDM-100 supports PIM modules for different bitrates: 2 Mbps (E1), 34 Mbps
(E3), 45 Mbps (DS-3), and 52 Mbps (STS-1).
A PIM module occupies a single I/O slot in the XDM-100 shelf, providing all the
functionality required to deploy a transport network, including Performance
Monitoring (PM) for PDH/Async interfaces, 2 Mbps retiming (for PBAX
synchronization), and 2 Mbps/45 Mbps frame for data applications. Eight PIM
modules can be installed in the designated I/O slots.
The PIM consists of line interface circuits, PDH/Async signal processing circuits,
and internal interfaces to the two MXC cards. The physical line interfaces and the
traffic protection circuits are located in the electrical connection modules.
4.4.2 SIM (SDH/SONET Input/Output) and SAM

(SDH/SONET Aggregate) Modules
SIM Modules
The SIM modules provide STM-1/OC-3 and STM-4/OC-12 tributary interfaces that
are linked to the central XDM-100 MXC card. To provide this functionality, the
optical SIM accommodates a plug-in Small Form-factor Pluggable (SFP) transceiver
module that can be easily replaced, giving the system additional flexibility.
The XDM-100 supports the following SDH/SONET tributary interfaces:
♦ 4 x STM-1 electrical interfaces
♦ 4 x STM-1/OC-3 optical modular SFP interfaces
♦ 2 x STM-1/OC-3 electrical and 2 x STM-1 optical modular interfaces

SAM Modules
Each MXC card houses up to 2 x SDH/SONET Aggregate Modules (SAMs),

designed as a cost-effective SDH/SONET aggregate for bitrates from STM-1/OC-3
up to STM-16/OC-48. The following types of SAM modules are supported:
♦ 4 x STM-1 electrical interfaces
♦ 2 x STM-1 electrical and 2 x STM-1 optical modular interfaces
♦ 1 x STM-16/OC-48 optical modular SFP interface (CWDM option)
4.4.3 EIS-M (Ethernet Interface and Switching

Module)
The EIS-M is used in the XDM-100 to provide Layer 2 Ethernet services. By simply
plugging in the EIS-M, carriers are ready to roll out a new array of
revenue-generating services.
The EIS-M's Ethernet interfaces are connected to the end user’s Ethernet equipment.
A set of interfaces that connects to various sites belonging to the same user behaves
as if it were connected to one virtual Ethernet switch.
Figure 4-4: EIS-M functionality

The EIS-M uses the physical Ethernet interface to receive and transmit Ethernet
packets to and from the customer’s network. Ethernet packets are mapped using the
Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) standard on SDH/SONET streams towards the
matrix connections. The SDH/SONET matrix connection is used to deliver Ethernet
packets to other EIS-Ms, so that they can be transmitted to the physical Ethernet
ports on other sites, thus providing the Ethernet service. Each packet can be
delivered through several EIS-Ms before arriving at its final destination.
An XDM-100 shelf can accommodate up to four EIS-Ms, either working
independently or protecting each other.
There are three types of EIS-Ms with different types of ports, as described in the
following table:
Table 4-1: EIS-M ports
Card name Ethernet Max. ports Electrical Optical Optical

over per module 10/100BaseT GbE/FX FX
SDH/SONET ports ports ports
ports
EIS-M208 (1) 2 8 8 0 0
(2)
EIS-M226 2 8 6 Up to 2 Up to 2
(3)
EIS-M244 2 8 4 Up to 2 Up to 4
(1)
EIS-M 208 – has eight electrical ports and no optical ports.
(2)
EIS-M 226 – has six electrical ports and two optical ports. The optical ports can be either GbE or FX.
(3)
EIS-M 244 – has four electrical ports and four optical ports. Out of the four optical ports, two can be
either GbE or FX and the other two can only be FX.
The EIS-M provides flexible configuration of 4 to 8 Fast Ethernet interfaces. The

basic card includes four electrical 10/100BaseT interfaces. The optical interfaces use
modular SFP transceivers (either short or long range), which can be plugged in each
optical port. For GbE/FX ports, a GbE SFP or FX SFP can be plugged. For FX
ports, only a FX SFP can be plugged.

4.5 OverHead Unit (OHU) Module

The XDM-100 OHU module provides orderwire functionality for field technicians,
supporting conference calls between up to 10 participants. The OHU can be
accommodated in any of the shelf’s I/O slots. In addition, the module supports:
♦ Interface overhead access bytes towards the MXC card
♦ DTMF calls
♦ Additional standard line interfaces to access overhead bytes (future release)
Figure 4-5: OHU block diagram

4.6 Power Feed

Integrated in the MXC, the power feed subsystem serves as an interconnection
device between the modem card and -48 to -60 V DC power sources. The main
purpose of this unit is to decouple the noise generated/received from the DC power
source lines.
The XDM-100 features a fully redundant power feed subsystem with two external
power inputs available. A redundant xINF unit is located on each MXC card. The
filter can be connected to both power inputs and distributes the -48 to -60 V DC
battery plant inputs to all cards and modules via fully redundant power buses. Each
card or module generates its own local voltage using high-quality DC/DC
converters, with a maximum supply power of 550 W per shelf (without the Tributary
Protection Unit, see Section 4.7). This distributed power concept assures system
upgrading and efficient heat distribution. It also ensures maximum reliability of the
power feed interface.
Figure 4-6: Power distribution
Additional features of the power feed subsystem include:

♦ Reverse polarity protection
♦ Overvoltage protection
♦ Overcurrent and short-circuit protection
♦ Redundancy and current sharing between xINF units
♦ Hot swap
♦ Power fail detection and 10 ms holdup
♦ Undervoltage detection
♦ Lightening-strike protection

4.7 Tributary Protection Unit

The XDM-100 provides hardware protection to the electrical tributary modules with
the Tributary Protection Unit (TPU). The TPU is an expansion shelf plugged on the
top of the XDM-100. Connected to the control and power of the XDM-100 shelf, it
becomes an integral part of the platform.
The TPU accommodates Tributary Protection Modules (TPMs) supporting 1:1 and
1:3 protection schemes per each type of module. Up to four groups of 1:1 protected
electrical modules can be defined. Each TPM is connected to a pair of PIM2_21,
PIM345_3, SIM1_4/E (or SIM1_4/OE in the future) modules by traffic cables. Up
to two groups of 1:3 protected electrical modules can also be provided. Users may
define any combination of 1:1 and 1:3 protection schemes. (For additional details,
see Chapter 7, Physical Description.)
The TPMs include protection-switching relays, which are activated by the active
MXC upon detection of a faulty module. One module is always in standby mode to
protect the active modules. In case of a failure in the active module, the standby
module becomes active and replaces the faulty one in less than two seconds, without
having to disconnect any cables.


5
Protection and Redundancy
In today’s mission-critical broadband networks, a cut fiber optic cable means
upheaval. The fiber is essentially the lifeline to the network. Data loss due to cable
failure, node failure, port failure, disastrous switch failure, and even equipment
failure results in millions of dollars of lost revenue, as well as some very frustrated
users.
The XDM®-100 features proven redundancy mechanisms, ensuring complete
integrity of all traffic transfers. The system’s protection schemes comprise highly
reliable trail protection arrangements, as well as equipment duplication on all units.
The XDM-100 also provides protection for internal traffic paths. All traffic is fully
redundant within the system and is routed via separate traffic paths and hardware
units. In case of equipment or line failure, traffic protection switching takes 8-12 ms.
The system supports mesh and ring traffic protection and restoration mechanisms
that ensure traffic rerouting in the event of a major contingency. Carriers may define
their own major contingencies based on individual operating parameters. Traffic
restoration time is generally dependent on the network’s complexity and traffic load.
5.1 SDH/SONET Path/Circuit Protection

Schemes
The XDM-100 features path and circuit protection over ring and mesh topologies, as
follows:
♦ Bidirectional Path Switched Ring (BPSR) dual-route path protection 1+1
(route diversity) and Unidirectional Path Switched Ring (UPSR)
♦ Path protection over mesh and SubNetwork Connection Protection (SNCP)
(enhancing BPSR-over-mesh topologies)

Protection and Redundancy XDM® -100
5.1.1 Dual Route Path Protection and Unidirectional

Path Switched Ring (UPSR)
The XDM-100 supports highly efficient advanced rings over meshes that provide
inherent protection in the event of a traffic-affecting circuitry or link failure. In this
mode, the protection paradigm is a self-healing path-protection scheme.
Path protection is supported by all aggregate and tributary I/O modules, and
VC/STS trail protection may be selected from any two SIM/SAM interfaces. This
flexibility enables the XDM-100 to integrate with other network nodes and provides
end-to-end network path protection regardless of the network’s topology. This
integrated path protection capability enables operators to smoothly integrate the
XDM-100 into existing networks.
Path protection switching operates automatically in the XDM-100 and does not
require any operator intervention or path recalculation. In other words, each card
performs its own switching. The result is an exceptionally fast switch to protection,
which is performed in less than 50 ms.
Figure 5-1: Path protection switching in a bidirectional self-healing ring

XDM® -100 Protection and Redundancy
The dual route path protection scheme is topology-independent. It can be used in

any complex network topology such as multiring, chain or mesh. Protection is
performed at service endpoints. This ensures service protection regardless of
network topology or intermediate equipment.
The switch to protection (selection of traffic from either the working line or the
protection line) is performed in a distributed way in the service/line cards. Since the
XDM-100 functions as a multi-ADM and cross-connect in mesh environments, any
interface, port, and/or card can be selected as working or protection.
Route diversity protection ensures seamless protection integration and
interoperability of XDM-100 systems with any other SDH/SONET equipment.
Figure 5-1 shows a protection implementation when the XDM-100 is integrated with
ECI Telecom's Optical Networks Division's XDM-1000, and Figure 5-2 shows
another implementation with SYNCOM™ or third party SDH/SONET add/drop
multiplexers.
Figure 5-2: Path diversity protection switching in a mixed equipment ring

Dual route path protection also allows the XDM-100 to work in conjunction with
other vendors’ SDH/SONET equipment at various transmission rates, regardless of
topology and equipment (see Figure 5-3).
Figure 5-3: Integration with other vendors’ SDH/SONET equipment
5.1.2 SubNetwork Connection Protection (SNCP)

SNCP provides independent trail protection for individual subnetworks connected to
the XDM-100. Combined with the system’s drop-and-continue capability, SNCP is a
powerful defense against multifailure conditions in a mesh topology. By integrating
SNCP into the XDM-100, operators achieve superior traffic availability figures.
Therefore, SNCP is extremely important for leased lines or other traffic requiring
superior Service Level Agreement (SLA) availability.
SNCP switching functions automatically in the XDM-100, without operator
intervention or path redefinition. The result is an exceptionally fast protection
switching of less than 30 ms, with typical switching time taking only a few
milliseconds. Protection switching is performed in a distributed way in the service
cards.
The XDM-100 supports SNCP at all STM-n levels (STM-1 to STM-16) or OC-n
levels (OC-3 to OC-48) and for all VC/STS objects.

5.2 Ethernet Protection/Rapid Spanning Tree

Protocol (RSTP)
The XDM-100 Ethernet protection mechanism is based on the RSTP (Rapid
Spanning Tree Protocol) in compliance with IEEE 802.1w. RSTP eliminates loops
in the Ethernet network, while simultaneously providing shared restoration for
Ethernet traffic. RSTP provides the functionality of STP with very fast convergence
time for restoration. ECI Telecom further enhances standard RSTP capabilities by
integrating RSTP with SDH/SONET performance-monitoring mechanisms, thus
shortening the time it takes to detect errors and link failures.
5.3 Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) and

Line Protection
The XDM-100 incorporates two independent multiplex section/line protection
mechanisms:
♦ Linear: Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP-L) and an Automatic
Protection Switch (APS):
♦ MSP/APS 1+1 unidirectional
♦MSP/APS 1+1 bidirectional
♦ Ring: Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring (MS-SPRing) and
Bidirectional Line Switched Ring (BLSR)
5.3.1 Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP-L)

and Automatic Protection Switch (APS)
The section/linear protection scheme is designed to protect single optical links. This
type of protection is most suitable for appendage TM/star links or for providing
four-fiber protection in chain topologies.
The XDM-100 supports MSP-L/APS in all optical or electrical SIM/SAM line
modules (STM-1/OC-3, STM-4/OC-12, and STM-16/OC-48). MSP 1+1/APS 1+1
unidirectional and bidirectional modes are also supported. As in SNCP/UPSR and
path protection, in the MSP/APS mode, the XDM-100 provides protection for both
fiber and hardware faults.

Figure 5-4 shows a four-fiber star XDM-100 with all links protected. This ensures
uninterrupted service even in the case of a double fault. In this case, the system
automatically performs MSP/APS switching within 50 ms.
Figure 5-4: MSP/APS protection modes
5.3.2 Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring

(MS-SPRing) and Bidirectional Line Switched
Ring (BLSR)
In addition to SNCP and path protection, which may also be implemented in ring
topologies, the XDM-100 supports MS-SPRing and BLSR protection. These modes
may provide bandwidth advantages for some ring-based traffic patterns.
Two-fiber MS-SPRing/BLSR supports any 2.5 Gbps rings closed by the XDM-100
via SAM 16-1 cards, in compliance with applicable ITU-T and Telcordia standards.
These protection mechanisms are fully automatic and are performed in less than
50 ms.
In the MS-SPRing/BLSR modes, the STM-16/OC-48 signal is divided into working
and protection capacity per multiplex section/line. In case of a failure in one
multiplex section/line of the ring, protection is performed by looping back the
affected traffic at both ends of the faulty section using the protection capacity.
MS-SPRing/BLSR is particularly beneficial in ring applications with uniform or
adjacent traffic patterns as they offer significant capacity advantage compared to
other protection schemes.
Figure 5-5 shows an XDM-100 in a two-fiber MS-SPRing/BLSR. In this
configuration, two fibers are connected between each site. Each fiber delivers 50%
of the active traffic and 50% of the shared protection traffic. For example, in an
STM-16/OC-48 ring, 8 x VC-4/STS-3c are active and 8 x VC-4/STS-3c are reserved
for shared protection.

In the example in Figure 5-5, if there is a fiber cut between sites A and D, traffic is
transported through sites B and C on the black portion of the fiber that runs
clockwise.
Figure 5-5: Two-fiber MS-SPRring/BLSR protection

Table 5-1: Traffic protection schemes
Protection scheme Network topology/ Main benefits

configuration
Traffic protection
1+1 UPSR/path Mesh, ring, point-to-point ♦ Dedicated performance monitoring-based
protection protection for any VC-12/3/4 or E1/DS-3/STS-
3c and concatenated traffic
♦ Better service reliability
SNCP (single and Mesh, ring, point-to-point ♦ Better reliability and network resilience as the
dual node XDM-100 handles multiple failures over mesh
interconnections) topologies
Two-fiber Ring (within mesh topology) ♦ Better bandwidth utilization in case of uniform
MS-SPRing/BLSR or adjacent traffic patterns
♦ Multiring closure within the same XDM-100
(path protection, MS-SPRing/BLSR and UPSR)
in mesh topologies, together with low-order E1
connectivity, improve network efficiency and
reduce floorspace and costs compared to
common protection schemes
RSTP Multiring ♦ Bandwidth efficiency
Table 5-2: Equipment/interface protection schemes
Protection scheme Network topology/ Main benefits

configuration
SDH equipment/interface protection
1:1 redundancy Electrical interfaces ♦ Better service availability and reliability
♦ Optimum equipment flexibility for all services
MSP/APS 1+1 Point-to-point and/or chain ♦ Better service availability and reliability
optical interfaces ♦ Optimum equipment flexibility enables
MSP/APS protection in addition to other
protection schemes
Ethernet equipment/interface protection
1:1 redundancy Optical interfaces and ♦ Better service availability and reliability
through traffic ♦ Optimum equipment flexibility for all services

6
Management
6.1 Layered Architecture
ECI Telecom's Optical Networks Division's management concept is designed using
layered architecture in accordance with applicable standards. Separate management
layers make up this management structure. The lowest level, the Network Element
Layer (NEL), constitutes the embedded agent software of the network elements. The
second layer, the Element Management Layer (EML), controls many individual
network elements, while the third layer, the Network Management Layer (NML),
controls all the main network management functions (see Figure 6-1).
eNM LightSoft
Figure 6-1: ECI Telecom's layered architecture management concept

Management XDM® -100
In this scheme, eNM LightSoft™, ECI Telecom's powerful network management

system, functions at the NML, while the EMS-XDM® functions at the EML. A
northbound interface can connect either the EMS-XDM or eNM LightSoft to your
Operations Support System (OSS).
In addition, the XDM® features a craft terminal application. eCraft terminal
applications provide fast, easy connectivity and access to installation, configuration
and management functions. (See Section 6.6 on page 6-12 for more details.)
6.2 Client/Server Architecture

eNM LightSoft implements an advanced client/server software architecture that
supports a large number of processes. The eNM LightSoft server can be run on
either a single Sun workstation or on multiple workstations, and multiple
eNM LightSoft clients can be installed and operated, each of which can configure
and manage the network. This distributed architecture enables you to divide large,
complex networks among multiple operators. The multiconfigurator feature of
eNM LightSoft gives each operator the means to initiate sessions and manage the
network simultaneously, either in whole or in part.
6.3 Integration with Other Products

The XDM has been designed to smoothly integrate its vast capabilities with
networks that are not based on ECI Telecom products. This enables you to build
real-world multivendor networks that ensure the free flow of management
information between SDH/SONET and other complimentary access, radio, and
switching products.
6.4 eNM LightSoft Network Manager

eNM LightSoft provides a multidimensional network management system that
manages the complete family of Element Management Systems (EMSs) offered by
ECI Telecom. eNM LightSoft enables you to assume full control of all equipment in
your network, including:
♦ The XDM transport platform
♦ The LumiNet™ family of optical DWDM modules, repeaters, and
transponders
♦ The entire SYNCOM multiplexer family at the STM-1, STM-4, and STM-16
layers

XDM® -100 Management
♦ The BroadGate™ line of Network Termination (NT) units and Consolidation

Units (CUs)
♦ Other third-party equipment
eNM LightSoft is a unified NMS that provisions, monitors, and controls all network
layers, enabling you to manage multiple technology layers (including SDH/SONET
and optical) independently of the physical layer. This means on-demand service
provisioning, pinpointed bandwidth allocation, and dramatic reductions in the
equipment and operating costs that multiple management systems often require. It
does this by providing all facets of network management, netwide, from a single
platform, including configuration, fault detection, performance management,
administrative procedures, maintenance operations, and security control. Within one
integrated management system, eNM LightSoft enables you to fully control all of
your NEs, regardless of the manufacturer, and gain a complete view of the network
at a glance. With eNM LightSoft, multiple operators can configure the network
simultaneously, while at the same time preventing any configuration conflicts
between them.
6.4.1 Management Interfaces

eNM LightSoft supports an open CORBA-based interface both northbound and
southbound, enabling it to manage or be managed by third-party applications. The
EMS-XDM also supports the same interface, northbound. The interface, which
covers alarms, configuration and provisioning, complies with the Multi-Technology
Network Management (MTNM) information model being developed by the
TeleManagement Forum (TMF), a consortium of all major telecom equipment
vendors. In addition, the EMS-XDM also supports a number of conventional
interfaces, such as export of current alarms via FTP, retrieval of daily performance
files, and database access via SQL.
6.4.2 User Interface

Both eNM LightSoft and the EMS-XDM user interfaces provide a powerful yet
easy-to-use tool for managing your network. A single, user-friendly graphical
interface combines configuration, maintenance, and performance management tools
with fault handling, end-to-end trail definition, and fail-safe database backups for
uninterrupted and reliable network operation.

The eNM LightSoft user interface features an outstanding advance in topology map
design – multilayer topology views. These views enable you to display the topology
of each technology layer independently of the topology of the physical layer
(see Figure 6-2).
Topology
Tree
Navigator
Figure 6-2: eNM LightSoft main window
6.4.3 Topology Management

eNM LightSoft enables network administrators to commission and configure
equipment in local and remote subnetworks across the deployment. Network
elements can be deployed in a wide range of topologies, for example, single or
multiple rings with appendages, or chains and composite topologies incorporating
terminal multiplexers. Users move intuitively from an overall survey of the network
landscape to detailed status and control views of any network element, transmission
level, system card, or trail.

eNM LightSoft enables you to manage network elements at multiple levels. To

achieve this, eNM LightSoft distinguishes between the network elements (or
managed elements) that make up the network and the logical or functional
nodes (FNs) that these managed elements (MEs) represent. For example, in
eNM LightSoft, an ME designates a piece of equipment, such as a shelf, and an
FN represents a functional element of the network, such as a port.
This unique distinction enables true multidimensional network management by
allowing operators to:
♦ Focus on MEs when creating and deleting NEs (physical layer)
♦ Focus separately on the ports available at each technology level (for example,
SDH/SONET, optical, or data) when managing trails (technology layer)
Whenever an ME is added to the network at the physical layer of eNM LightSoft, an

FN is projected automatically into the relevant technology layer, as reflected in the
topology view in the interface. If an ME contains ports that belong to multiple
technologies, as is the case with XDM shelves, FNs are created at each technology
layer containing only those ports relevant to that layer.
6.4.4 Trail Configuration

eNM LightSoft provides powerful trail configuration tools. A detailed definition of
through and local cross-connects gives administrators precise control of the system
structure, guaranteeing uninterrupted services and maximized use of bandwidth. In
addition to manual trail routing, the patent-pending path-finding algorithm searches
for and selects optimal end-to-end primary and protection paths across complex
topologies. Optimization criteria are user-defined and may include such parameters
as number of nodes, link cost, distance, shared risk (such as common ducts), and so
on. A powerful trail synchronization function polls the entire network, keeping the
eNM LightSoft trail database up to date. eNM LightSoft also provides numerous
protection and traffic reconfiguration schemes in case of service disruption. The
system provides full traffic restoration via contingency traffic plans.
The eNM LightSoft advanced trail management functions enable you to create,
delete, and modify both SDH/SONET and optical trails.
SDH/SONET Trail Management
For XDM NEs, eNM LightSoft supports both virtual and contiguous concatenation
for the transport and cross-connection of VC-4/STS-3c signals. This is used for
high-bitrate data services that require transport of payloads exceeding a single
VC-4/STS-3c capacity.

DWDM Trail Management
eNM LightSoft enables you to upload, label, and display existing optical trails from
the optical layer. This form of "bottom-up" provisioning is suited to optical
equipment that does not support tunable lasers and ensures that eNM LightSoft has
all the required trail information that was provisioned at the fiber level. In addition,
eNM LightSoft supports full provisioning capabilities in next-generation optical
equipment utilizing tunable lasers.
eNM LightSoft takes advantage of XDM sublambda grooming capabilities for the
efficient utilization of DWDM wavelengths. This capability provides a form of
"top-down" optical trail provisioning by creating cross-connects between optical
endpoints at the SDH/SONET level.
Gigabit Ethernet Trail Management
eNM LightSoft enables XDM NEs to provide various types of Gigabit Ethernet
services via its Ethernet Layer 2 Service (EIS) cards. The card provides bandwidth
management allocation for each Gigabit Ethernet connection in VC-4/STS-3c
increments, up to the full Gigabit Ethernet rate. The interface is configured
separately to provide maximum flexibility.
6.4.5 Fault Management

eNM LightSoft simplifies real-time status monitoring of the network and its
elements. The main window uses color-coded icons to show equipment status at a
glance. The main window also has customizable alarm listings, alarm counters, and
alarm audio indicators, which are updated in real time. Administrators can
acknowledge alarms from the Current Alarm list or click any element in the diagram
to open status windows that list the alarms for each object, including NEs, cards, and
physical ports.
With eNM LightSoft, network administrators can assign severity levels to individual
alarm parameters in specific network elements. This means that remote NEs can
screen out low-level alarms, while the network administrator analyzes
eNM LightSoft pre-filtered and sorted daily alarm logs.
The eNM LightSoft fault management system is fully integrated and includes alarms
for each NE, regardless of the layer being viewed (physical, SDH/SONET, or
optical).

6.4.6 Cut-through
eNM LightSoft uses a process called cut-through to enable users to invoke EMS
functions without having to separately launch the EMS-XDM. This functionality
enables you to:
♦ Set and change NE attributes
♦ Configure shelves and cards
♦ Set NE timing sources
♦ Activate performance management functions on NEs
♦ Perform maintenance functions on NEs or their objects
(See Section 6.5, on page 6-9, for more details.)
6.4.7 Redundancy and Security

eNM LightSoft provides a full range of support features to keep your network
running smoothly and to protect it from unauthorized and malicious use.
Redundancy
eNM LightSoft provides a fully field-proven redundancy mechanism called Remote

Database Replication (RDR) to provide full network management backup
capabilities. RDR ensures system continuity by maintaining a complete backup copy
of the current network configuration. eNM LightSoft uses duplicate management
hardware, with one station serving as the active site (primary server) and the other
serving as the standby site (backup server and mirror). One standby site can act as a
backup for multiple stations (1:n) running eNM LightSoft and various EMSs.
All of the databases on the active site (NMS and EMS) are periodically duplicated
and transmitted over a direct link to the standby site. To make the backup process
efficient, only those changes made since the last replication are included.
Should a failure occur in the active site, the operator can quickly switch over to the
standby site and resume management of the network within minutes. The
EMS-XDM database signature feature intelligently updates the standby site with all
NE configuration data that has changed since the last replication.

Security Functions
The eNM LightSoft system provides three main types of security functions:
♦ User security
♦ Virtual Private Network (VPN) security
♦ System security
User security controls who has access to the system (user groups), which operations
these users can perform (capability profiles), and the elements of the network on
which these operations can be performed (domains). In eNM LightSoft, all users are
assigned to user groups, each of which is then paired with a capability profile and a
defined number of domains. Users in a particular user group can perform only those
functions provided for by the capability profile assigned to the group and only on
those domains assigned to the group.
For VPN security, eNM LightSoft enables you to divide a network into many
different VPNs, with each one having its own capability profile. Using this method,
each client is provided with precisely the appropriate level of operational control,
without infringing on the security needs of any other client.
For system security, passwords, user action logs, and an optional keyboard lock
feature are used to ensure system integrity.

6.5 EMS-XDM®
The EMS-XDM functions at the EML in the TMN scheme and can operate directly
under eNM LightSoft. It has been designed as an open system in compliance with
the CORBA standard. The EMS-XDM may be co-located in the same platform,
operate as a standalone, or be integrated under a non-ECI Telecom NMS or TMN
umbrella system. The EMS-XDM can control scores of XDM NEs at a time and
provides a wide range of XDM management functions, including alarms,
configuration, inventory, provisioning, and security management (see Figure 6-3).
Figure 6-3: XDM-100 shelf view as displayed in the EMS-XDM
6.5.1 Performance Management

Administrators can use eNM-XDM to access current performance data for each
XDM NE (including optical objects) and trail/circuit, recorded over 15-minute or
24-hour intervals, detailed per termination point and sorted by logging time.
Performance data is available in both tabular and chart form. Analytical tools make
this information useful in troubleshooting network elements and in optimizing QoS.
eNM-XDM provides default performance parameters and threshold levels in
compliance with accepted ITU-T standards. These parameters and thresholds can be
configured to suit individual applications.
The XDM-100 supports all standard SDH/SONET BLSR PM counters (for example,
BBE, SES, and UAS) for the different signal levels (for example, MS/line,
VC-4/STS-3c, VC-3/STS-1, VC-12/E1). Each counter has a user-configurable
default threshold.

Performance monitoring data is collected and stored by eNM-XDM in a

performance log. Trail data is saved either when a trail endpoint is deleted or at
midnight after the end of a 24-hour period.
6.5.2 Alarm Management

Current alarms are displayed in the Current Alarms screen. An alarms log keeps
track of past alarms. The system also includes a network-wide alarm counter.
Alarms are color-coded, enabling you to quickly and easily view the status of each
alarm at a glance. Alarm management functions include filtering, sorting, severity
assignment, printing, and exporting via FTP.
6.5.3 Configuration and Inventory Management

With the EMS-XDM, you can configure the XDM down to the shelf level as well as
take shelf inventory. The system also enables you to define the hardware protection
configuration. Performance monitoring and maintenance actions can be performed
on endpoints. Inventory is displayed via an easy-to-use tree-like structure that shows
all cards and serial numbers.
Some of the activities supported by the EMS-XDM include:
♦ Slot assignment
♦ Setting an NE's timing sources
♦ Configuring an NE's IP routing tables
♦ Performing maintenance actions on equipment
♦ Modifying NE or internal object attributes
♦ Modifying alarm severities or PM thresholds
6.5.4 Provisioning
A graphic display of the cross-connects makes editing easy. Simply point and click
at cards and endpoints and then activate them. For additional ease of use, the
cross-connection window is intuitive, and mass provisioning is possible on batch
files.

6.5.5 Security Management

The EMS-XDM provides a fully customizable security hierarchy. Users can
partition NEs by group and then limit user access to specific groups. The individual
NEs themselves may be configured to have embedded passwords to protect them
from unauthorized craft terminal access. Only the administrator can view and
change the passwords. For surveillance purposes, a detailed user action log is
included.
6.5.6 Interfaces and Management Transparency

The EMS-XDM supports the eNI CORBA-based interface. (See Section 6.4.1, on
page 6-3, for more details.) Because the EMS-XDM has been designed as an open
system, the XDM can be managed through any standard compliant NMS.
In addition, it is possible to export current alarms via FTP, retrieve daily endpoint
performance files, and access the database via SQL.
6.5.7 Auto-discovery
eNM LightSoft (or any other NMS managing the eNM-XDM) can make use of the
following auto-discovery capabilities:
♦ Automatic card assignment
♦ Automatic NE recognition
♦ Automatic topology discovery
The automatic card assignment feature operates either in manual or automatic mode.
When activated in automatic mode, cards and modules inserted into managed NEs in
the field are automatically recognized by the EMS-XDM and assigned as a
background task, according to user-defined tables. Alternatively, this feature can be
applied manually to selected NEs. The end result is the same – operators no longer
need to assign each card or module, as the physical insertion triggers this action
automatically.
With the automatic NE recognition feature, each NE automatically appears on the
screen, eliminating the need to create it manually with eNM LightSoft.
The optional automatic topology discovery feature is based on a new
implementation of the J0 byte. When activated, SIO-to-SIO or Optical Supervisory
Channel (OSC) bidirectional links (in SDH/SONET networks) are automatically
identified by the EMS-XDM and uploaded to the NMS layer via the MTNM
interface.

eNM LightSoft automatically displays such links when managing the EMS-XDM,
eliminating the need to manually define topology links at the NMS level. In
addition, an EMS-level list of links is provided for viewing and deleting
automatically created links.
6.6 eCraft – An Advanced Web-based Craft

Terminal
The eCraft is a PC-based XDM installation, maintenance, commissioning, and
configuration tool for field technicians. This extremely easy-to-use product features
an advanced Web-based interface that can be operated from standard browsers. It
provides rapid, direct connection to deployed NEs using a standard, simple serial
interface. The eCraft is completely version-independent, as all software (HTML and
JavaScript) is embedded in the NE itself.
The eCraft includes all the functionality required by a technician arriving at a site –
full installation, NE commissioning (including slot assignment, IP routing, and DCC
port configuration), and troubleshooting. The system provides the user with a clear
view and control of NE internals – cards and objects, status, and configuration.
Access from the eCraft is password-protected to ensure only authorized access to
field-installed equipment.

7
Physical Description
The XDM®-100 boasts an extremely high modular structure in several main shelf
configurations:
♦ Basic XDM-100 shelf with two MXC (Main Cross-connect and Control)
cards for supporting system redundancy.
♦ Expanded XDM-100 with I/O protection. A Tributary Protection Unit (TPU)
is mounted on top of the basic shelf providing protection to the I/O modules.
♦ Nonredundant XDM-100 configuration. The shelf comprises only one MXC
card. Therefore, redundancy for all functions provided by the MXC is not
supported.
♦ XDM-100H configuration, described in detail in Chapter 8.
7.1 XDM-100 Shelf Configurations
7.1.1 Basic XDM-100 Shelf

The basic XDM-100 shelf is housed in a 231 mm deep, 443 mm wide, and 200 mm
high equipment cage. The lower part of the shelf consists of the card cage and
accommodates the MXC cards (main and protection) and the External Connection
Unit (ECU). The upper part of the shelf consists of the module cage and houses up
to eight I/O modules. Various types of interface modules supporting PDH/Async,
SDH/SONET, and data services are available.
All electrical connections are located directly in the tributary modules; therefore, the
XDM-100 does not need additional electrical interface connections.
To support system redundancy, each MXC card contains an integrated XDM Input
Filter (xINF) unit with connectors for two input power sources.

Physical Description XDM® -100
The FCU (Fan Control Unit) at the right side of the shelf provides cooling air to the
system. It contains nine separate fans for added system redundancy. Air is drawn in
by the fans from the right side of the chassis and exhausted through the horizontally
mounted cards and modules and through the left side of the chassis. Redundant
controllers, located on the two MXC cards, activate the fans.
In case of failure of one of the fans, the remaining fans provide redundancy and start
to operate in turbo mode until the FCU is replaced. The FCU can be extracted and
replaced without interrupting the multiplexer operation, provided the replacement
does not exceed a few minutes.
Figure 7-1 depicts the layout of the basic XDM-100 shelf.
AC AC
P I M3 45 _ 3 S I M4 _2
FL MO N FL MO N AC AC O UT 1 IN 1 OU T2 I N2
IN 1 2
-1 OU T 1- 21
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P I M 2_ 21 P I M 2_ 21 MO N MO N MO N MO N M ON ON MO N ON MON
XDM -100
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AC
AC P I M3 45 _ 3 S IM 4 _2
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I/O modules
FL MO N AC O UT 1 IN 1 OU T2 I N2
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MXC-100 -+ WAR NI NG !! !
AC OU T IN AC O UT 1 IN 1 OU T2 IN 2 O UT3 I N3 O UT 4 IN 4
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POWER INA R E M OV E S A M / OS C TR TR
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cards
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ECU card Aggregate FCU

modules
Figure 7-1: Basic XDM-100 shelf layout
The basic XDM-100 cage contains slots for I/O interface modules, and dedicated
slots for the MXC cards and the ECU. The cage’s design and mechanical practice
conform to international mechanical standards and specifications.
The modules and cards are distributed as follows:
♦ Eight (8) slots, I1 to I8, optimally allocated for I/O interface modules.
♦ Two (2) slots, A and B respectively, allocated for the MXC cards (main and
protection). Each MXC card has two slots (A1 and A2 and B1 and B2) to
accommodate SDH/SONET aggregate modules.
♦ One (1) slot allocated for the ECU card.
The ECU is located beneath the MXC cards. Its front panel features several interface
connectors for management, external timing, alarms, orderwire, and overhead
(future release). It also includes alarm severity colored LED indicators and selectors
plus a display for selecting specific modules and ports for monitoring purposes.

XDM® -100 Physical Description
I1 I2 I3 I4
I5 I6 I7 I8
A1 A2
MXC-A FCU
B1 B2
MXC-B
ECU
Figure 7-2: XDM-100 slot allocation
7.1.2 Expanded XDM-100 Shelf with I/O Protection

A TPU shelf can be mounted on top of the XDM-100 basic shelf to add protection of
electrical I/O modules.
The TPU is a single-shelf cage with slots for the Tributary Protection Modules
(TPMs) and Tributary Control (TC) or Tributary Control and Fans (TCF) modules.
The modules are distributed as follows:
♦ Four (4) slots flexibly allocated for TPMs (single-slot or double-slot modules
are supported)
♦ One (1) slot allocated for the TC or TCF module
Each TPM is connected to the operating and protection modules of the XDM-100
shelf respectively. If a failure is detected in one of the operating I/O modules, the
XDM-100 control system sends control signals to the appropriate TPM relays to
switch traffic from the operating I/O module to the protection module. Several types
of TPM modules for 1:1 or 1:3 protection schemes are supported.
The TC or TCF is connected to the DC and control buses of the MXC cards via the
TPU backplane. It controls the switching of traffic from the main to protection I/O
module by relays in the corresponding TPM. In addition, the TCF has four fans that
provide cooling air to the modules installed in the TPU (optional).
The TPU is a 231 mm deep, 443 mm wide, and 75 mm high unit. It connects to a
connector on top of the XDM-100 shelf that provides the power and control buses
required for its operation. When the TPU is not installed, a protection cap covers this
connector.

TPM (Tributary Protection Module)
The TPMs provide protection to PIMs and electrical SIMs. Client traffic is
connected directly to the TPM, and the TPM is connected by traffic cables to the
XDM-100 main and protection modules. Power and control buses are connected to
the TPM via the TPU backplane.
The TPMs include switching relays that are activated by the active MXC (via the
TCF module) upon detection of a faulty PIM or SIM. When activated, these relays
route the traffic from the faulty to the protection I/O module.
TPMs support 1:1 and 1:3 protection schemes for PIMs and electrical SIMs. A TPM
for 1:1 protection connects to one main and one protection I/O module and occupies
one TPU slot. A TPM for 1:3 protection scheme connects to one protection and three
main modules and occupies two TPU slots.
1:1 and 1:2 protection schemes can also be implemented using 1:3 TPM modules
connected to one protection and one or two main I/O modules.
Four slots are allocated in the TPU shelf to accommodate the various types of TPMs.
TPMxx_1 modules for 1:1 protection schemes can be installed in any of the TPM1
to TPM4 slots without any limitations. Two TPMxx_3 modules (for 1:3 protection)
can be installed in the TPU, or a mixed configuration of one TPMxx_3 and two
TPMxx_1 can also be accepted.
Table 7-1 lists the TPM modules data configuration.
Table 7-1: TPU tributary protection modules
Module type Protected I/O Protection

module scheme
TPM2_1 PIM2_21 1:1
TPM2_3 PIM2_21 1:3
TPM-H_1 PIM345_3, SIM1_4e 1:1
TPM-H_3 PIM345_3, SIM1_4e 1:3
TPM-E_3 EISM-208,EISM-244, 1:1
EISM-226
TPM2_63_2 PIM2_63 1:2

TC (Tributary Control) and TCF (Tributary Control and Fans) Modules
The TC or TCF provides control and cooling (TCF only) to the TPMs in the TPU
shelf. The module is connected to the MXC power and control buses through the
backplane of the TPU. Control signals received from the active MXC card are
processed by the TC or TCF and sent as control for activating the protection relays
on the TPMs.
The TCF contains four fans that provide cooling air to the TPMs. It also controls the
speed of the fans according to the ambient temperature. A power converter on the
module generates the required DC voltages for the fans and the module circuits.
7.1.3 Nonredundant XDM-100 Shelf Layout

The XDM-100 is also available in a nonredundant configuration. This shelf is
equipped with only one MXC card. The second MXC position houses an MXC-BG
card that bridges the buses of the second slot to the I/O modules. Redundancy for
power supply, timing and synchronization, cross-connect and all other MXC
functions is not supported in this configuration. However, since the MXC has two
aggregate modules, SNCP, MSP, and MS-SPRing traffic protection mechanisms are
supported.
Figure 7-3 depicts the layout of the nonredundant XDM-100 configuration.
AC AC
FL MO N FL MO N
I N 1- 21 OU T 1-21
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MON MON
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P I M2 _2 1 P IM2 _ 21
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MXC-100 -+ AC O UT 1 I N1 O U T2 IN 2 OU T3 I N3 O UT4 IN 4 AC OU T1 I N1 O UT 2 IN 2
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POWER INB E XT RACT IO N
A DB
AC T MAI N FA I L TMU NV M
RE SE T N VM
FC U
ACT IVE F AIL
ECU
WAR
CRT
MAJ
MIN
S TM 1 LAS ER L ED A CO
MO N
FAI L
U SB ALA RMS D EBU G FC

- HA NN EL T3_2 /T4 _2 MNG MAI N MNG PR OT MOD ULE CH AN NE L MON A CTI VE TES T
ACT
T 3_1/ T4_1
Figure 7-3: Nonredundant XDM-100 shelf layout

7.2 Rack Installation

The XDM-100 can be installed in either 2200 mm or 2600 mm ETSI racks, as well
as in 19” and 23” racks. Figure 7-4 shows a typical installation of four shelves in a
2200 mm rack.
PO WER ON CRITI CAL M AJOR MI NOR WARNI NG
xRAP-100
SO UR CE A
xRAP-100 SOU RCE B
UT
O 1 IN
1 UT
O 2 IN
2 O
UT3 IN 3 O
UT4 IN 4 OT
U1 IN 1 OT
U2 IN 2 OT
U3 IN 3 OT
U4 IN 4
1 AT
IC V
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D F #1 D #F 2 D #F 3
C
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L
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P ECT PR
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TC
P IM 2_ 1P O
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C IM 2_ 21 #1
P AC A IN
M A C M IN
A
L
F F L
P O
RT P O
RT
TPMH_1 PM
T H_1
IM 2_ 21 #2
P TM
P2_3 IM 2_ 21 #3
P
R
C
A C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
F
L IN -1 21 ON
M F
L IN -21 1 O N
M C
A C
A
R
T R
T
L
F L
F
ON
M O N
M R
T R
T
U 1T -21
O U 1T -21
O OU
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
IM 2 _2 1
P P IM 2 2_ 1 O N
M MO
N MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
C
A C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3 XD M 1
- 00
L
F ON
M L
F O N
M C
A C
A
IN -1 21 IN -21 1
R
T R
T L
F L
F
XDM-100
ON
M O N
M R
T R
T
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1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
I M
P 2 _2 1 U 1T -21
O IM 2 _2 1
P U 1T -21
O MO
N MN
O MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A OU
T IN AC OU
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4
L
F L
F
POWERN
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T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4 CU
F
L
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POWERN
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C
A
A T
F IL
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A T E T
S T
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Fib er S to rage Tra y

Fiber Storage
Tray
UT
O 1 IN
1 UT
O 2 IN
2 O
UT3 IN 3 O
UT4 IN 4 OT
U1 IN 1 OT
U2 IN 2 OT
U3 IN 3 OT
U4 IN 4
MU X 1 ACI V
T E
D F #1 D #F 2 D #F 3 A IL
F
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3
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AC A C
P IM 2_ 1P O
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M M IN
A
L
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P O
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IM 2_ 21 #2
P IM 2_ 21 #3
P TPMH_1 PM
T H_1
TM
P2_3
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A C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
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M
L
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A C
A
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ON
M O N
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O U 1T -21
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1
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T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
IM 2 _2 1
P P IM 2 2_ 1 O N
M MO
N MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
C
A C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
XD M 1
- 00
XDM-100
L
F IN -1 21 ON
M L
F IN -21 1 O N
M C
A C
A
R
T R
T L
F L
F
ON
M O N
M R
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O U 1T -21
O OU
1
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T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
I M
P 2 _2 1 IM 2 _2 1
P MO
N MN
O MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A OU
T IN AC OU
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4
L
F L
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POWERN
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AT
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IN F A
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V
N
R S
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N
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A OU
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T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4 CU
F
RE MV
O E S A M /O C
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F F L
POWERN
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- + BE O
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R
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N
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S A M 51 _1 S A M _1 4/0
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4 _1 T _23 T
4/ _2 M
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M M
N G R
P T
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NL ONA
M L E
S RL E D A
CO
M
O
N
A
C
A
T
IL
F
C IV
A T E T
S T
E

Fiber Storage
Tray
UT
O 1 IN
1 UT
O 2 IN
2 O
UT3 IN 3 O
UT4 IN 4 OT
U1 IN 1 OT
U2 IN 2 OT
U3 IN 3 OT
U4 IN 4
AC
I V
T E
D F #1 D #F 2 D #F 3 1
2 A IL
F
C
A
L
F 3
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P ECT PR
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TC
AC A C
P IM 2_ 1P O
RTE T
C IM 2_ 21 #1
P A IN
M M IN
A
L
F F L
P O
RT P O
RT
TPMH_1 PM
T H_1
IM 2_ 21 #2
P TM
P2_3 IM 2_ 21 #3
P
R
C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
C
A
L
F ON
M L
F O N
M C
A C
A
IN -1 21 IN -21 1
R
T R
T L
F L
F
MN
O O N
M
R
T OU
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 R
T O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
IM 2 _2 1
P U 1T -21
O P IM 2 2_ 1 U 1T -21
O
O N
M MO
N MN
O O
MN ON
M MO
N MN
O O
MN
A
C A
C P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
XD M 1
- 00
L
F ON
M L
F O N
M
IN -1 21 IN -21 1 C
A C
A
XDM-100
R
T R
T L
F L
F
ON
M O N
M R
T IN 1 IN 2 IN 3 R
T IN 1 IN 2 IN 3
U 1T -21
O U 1T -21
O OU
1
T OU
T 2 OU
T 3 O U
1
T OU
T 2 OU
T 3
I M
P 2 _2 1 IM 2 _2 1
P MO
N MN
O MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! A
C
L
F
OU
T IN AC OU
L
F
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4
POWERN
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T T R L A
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N
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ON ON O
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O MN
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POWERN
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IN F A
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V
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A
R S
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N
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A OU
T IN
AC
OU
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4 CU
F
L
F F L
RE MV
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S
POWERN
I A ODUE
M L S R
T L K
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- + BE O
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A T IO N
S A M 51 _1
N
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MN N
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A A
F IL
POWERN
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A
AT
C MA
IN F A
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NM
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N
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IN
R
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S RL E D A
CO
MO
N
A T
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S L
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M E
D U
BG F C
- A
HN L
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T 4 _1 T _23 T
4/ _2 M
NG A IN
M N G
M R
P T
O MO
DLE
U H
CNAE
NL ONA
M C IV
T E T
S T
E
C
F

Fiber Storage
Tray
UT
O 1 IN
1 UT
O 2 IN
2 O
UT3 IN 3 O
UT4 IN 4 OT
U1 IN 1 OT
U2 IN 2 OT
U3 IN 3 OT
U4 IN 4
1 AC
I V
T E
D F #1 D #F 2 D #F 3
C
A 2 A IL
F
L
F 3
ROT
P ECT PR
OETCT TC
P IM 2_ 1P O
RTE T
C IM 2_ 21 #1
P AC A C
L
F A IN
M F L M IN
A
P O
RT P O
RT
TPMH_1 PM
T H_1
IM 2_ 21 #2
P TM
P2_3 IM 2_ 21 #3
P
R
C
A C
A P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3
L
F ON
M L
F IN -21 1 O N
M C
A C
A
IN -1 21
R
T R
T L
F L
F
MN
O O N
M R
T R
T
U 1T -21
O OU
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
IM 2 _2 1
P U 1T -21
O P IM 2 2_ 1 O N
M MO
N MN
O O
MN ON
M MON MN
O O
MN
C
A C
A
P IM 3 45 _3 P IM 3 45 _3 XD M 1
- 00
L
F ON
M L
F O N
M C
A C
A
XDM-100
IN -1 21 IN -21 1
R
T R
T L
F L
F
ON
M O N
M R
T OU
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3 R
T O U
1
T IN 1 OU
T 2 IN 2 OU
T 3 IN 3
U 1T -21
O U 1T -21
O
I M
P 2 _2 1 IM 2 _2 1
P MO
N MN
O MN
O O
MN ON
M MO
N MN
O O
MN
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A
OU
T IN
AC
OU
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4
L
F L
F
POWERN
I A RE MV
O E S A M /O C
S R
T L K
C O
MN T R L A
C S
L LA
R
1E K
LA
R
E
S RS
OP D
1E T
C
U
H
L A
R
Z
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S D
ARA S
IL M
T 1
N
O
- + ODUE
M
BE O
L S
F RE C ADR
S A 1M 5 _1
ON MO
N
S A 1M _4 /0
O N M
ON ON O
MN N
O MN
O N
O MN
O W
E E
N
H
O
P
X S E
P
R
U
OA V
N
O
T ID
O
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H
T M
A
E
X T RC
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POWERN
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AT
C MA
IN F A
I L T M
U M
V
N DB
A
R S
E T
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N
M XC 1
- 00 - + WARN ING ! ! C
A OU
T IN AC OU
T 1 IN 1 U
O 2T IN 2 U
O 3T IN
3 OU
T 4 IN
4 CU
F
L
F F L
POWERN
I A RE MV
O E S A M /O C
S
ODUE
M L S R
T L K
C O
MN T R
N
O MN
O O N M
ON ON O
MN N
O MON N
O MN
O
- + BE O
F RE C AD
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E
R
A T IO N
S A M 51 _1 S A M _1 4/0
C T IV E
A A
F IL
POWERN
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A
AT
C MA
IN F A
I L T M
U V
NM
R S
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N
AR
RT
AJ
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W
M
M
C
IN
S M
O
T N
1 A
L E
S RL E D A
CO
MO
N
C
F A
AT
IL
UB
S L
AARS
M E
D U
BG F C
- A
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T 4_ 1 T 3_2 T
4/ _2 M
NG A IN
M M
N G R
P T
O MO
DLE
U H
CNAE
NL C IV
A T E T
S T
E

Fiber Storage
Tray
Figure 7-4: Four XDM-100 shelves in a 2200 mm rack

7.3 Main Cross-Connect and Control (MXC)

and External Connection Unit (ECU) Cards
The XDM-100 MXC and ECU cards were designed to facilitate simple installation
and maintenance. They feature:
♦ Electrical interface connectors that are integrated into the I/O modules,
saving the need for separate electrical interface modules
♦ Easy routing of external management interfaces
♦ A monitoring system for acceptance test purposes
♦ Hot insertion of cards and modules to support quick maintenance and repair
activities, without affecting traffic
7.3.1 MXC Cards

The basic and expanded versions of the XDM-100 shelf accommodate two identical
MXC cards. By default, the MXC-A is the main card and the MXC-B is the
protection card. Both cards perform the following functions simultaneously in a 1+1
protection configuration:
♦ Communications and control
♦ Alarm and maintenance
♦ Cross-connect
♦ Timing and synchronization
♦ Distribution of power supply to all modules (xINF function)
♦ Routing and handling of 32 DCC channels
In addition, the MXC accommodates the NVM compact flash memory card and
houses SDH/SONET aggregate modules (SAMs).
The additional MXC card provides 1+1 protection to the cross-connect matrix and
full 1:1 protection to all other functions, since the standby MXC has an identical
database to the active MXC.
In case of a hardware failure in the active MXC or its traffic interconnection, the I/O
interface modules switch to the protection MXC within 50 ms. Similarly, in case of
a hardware failure in the TiMing Unit (TMU) of the operational MXC card, the
backup TMU takes over the timing control with no disruption in traffic. The
operational MXC card is configured by eNM LightSoft™, ECI Telecom’s Optical
Network Division’s multidimensional network manager.

7.3.2 ECU Cards

The ECU card connects management, alarms, overhead access, and orderwire
interfaces to the active MXC card. This card also provides the physical connections
for these interfaces.
Two types of ECU cards are available for the XDM-100: ECU-F and ECU (reduced
cost).
The ECU-F supports the following management and alarm interfaces and functions:
♦ Ethernet interface to eNM LightSoft and EMS-XDM® (XDM Element
Management System)
♦ Ethernet hub for multiple NE connections
♦ Serial (RS-232) interface for craft terminal
♦ USB interface (future option)
♦ Synchronization inputs and outputs (T3/T4)
♦ Alarm severity outputs (Critical, Major, Minor, Warning)
♦ External alarm outputs and inputs
♦ Alarm Cut Off (ACO)
♦ Operation and alarm LEDs
♦ Selection and display of traffic interfaces for monitoring purposes
♦ Monitor interface for STM-1/OC-3 ports
♦ Laser activation during ALS, for maintenance purposes
♦ Multiplexer reset
♦ Hold-up capacitors
♦ Lamp test activation
The ECU card supports all functions provided by the ECU-F except for Ethernet
expansion to hub, monitoring points, holdup capacitors, and alarms in/out.

7.4 I/O and Aggregate Modules
7.4.1 I/O Modules

Eight slots are available in the XDM-100 shelf to accommodate the various types of
I/O modules. Each type of module (PIM, SIM, or EIS_M) can be inserted in any of
the I1 through I8 positions without limitation (the EIS_M occupies two slots).
PIMs and SIMs with electrical interfaces fully support direct connection to the
module without other external connection modules.
Table 7-2 provides a list of the XDM-100 I/O modules.
Table 7-2: I/O interface modules
Module Ports/Bitrate Total Interfaces

Module XDM-100
Electrical
PIM2_21 21 x E1 (2 Mbps) PDH module for balanced and 21 168
unbalanced interfaces
PIM2_63 63 x E1 (2 Mbps) PDH module for balanced and 63 252
PIM15_28 21 x DS-1 (1.5 Mbps) Async module for balanced and 28 224
PIM345_3 3 x E3/DS-3 (34/45/51 Mbps) interfaces 3 24
SIM1_4e 4 x STM-1e/OC-3 (155 Mbps) interfaces 4 32
Optical
SIM1_4o 4 x STM-1o /OC-3 (155 Mbps) interfaces 4 32
SIM4_2 2 x STM-4/OC-12 (622 Mbps) interfaces 2 16
Mixed
SIM1_4/oe 2 x STM-1o/OC-3 + 2 x STM-1e/OC-3 (155 Mbps) 4 32
interfaces
Data
EIS_M1 See Table 4-1 in Chapter 4 -- --
1
The EIS_M module occupies a double slot in the I1 to I8 positions (I1+I2, I3+I4, I5+I6, I7+I8).

7.4.2 Aggregate Modules

Two SDH/Async aggregate modules (SAMs) plug into each MXC. The MXC
provides the aggregate modules with power and control. The traffic buses of each
SAM are connected to both MXC cards.
A variety of aggregate modules with electrical, optical and mixed interfaces, and at
bitrates from STM-1 to STM-16/OC-3 to OC-48 are available.
Table 7-3 details the XDM-100 aggregate module data configuration.
Table 7-3: Aggregate interface modules
Module Ports/Bitrate Total Interfaces

Module XDM-100
Electrical
SAM1_4e 4 x STM-1e/OC-3 (155 Mbps) interfaces 4 16
Optical
SAM1_4o 4 x STM-1o/OC-3 (155 Mbps) interfaces 4 16
SAM4_2o 2 x STM-4/OC-12 (622 Mbps) interfaces 2 8
SAM16_1o 1 x STM-16/OC-48 (2.488 Gbps) interface 1 4
Mixed
SAM1_4/oe 2 x STM-1o/OC-3 + 2 x STM-1e/OC-3 (155 Mbps) 4 16
interfaces

8
XDM ® -100H
The XDM®-100H is a cost option of the XDM®-100, which offers combined
SDH/SONET, data, and CWDM capabilities or, more simply expressed, “the best of
all worlds” on a single platform. The XDM-100H provides a clear lead for
metro-access applications, taking full advantage of a varied infrastructure network,
with vision toward expanding bandwidth requirements, at an unbeatably low price.
This crossbreed option retains all the modularity of the original XDM-100 shelf.
NOTE: The XDM®-100H is a cost option and can only be

implemented if your XDM-100 is licensed appropriately.
8.1 Applications
The XDM-100H can be deployed in various applications, as described in Chapter 2,
with the added capability of CWDM-based services. This means that it can integrate
in any larger XDM network environment, providing new broadband services and
better utilization of dark fiber. For example, it can be used to implement a Storage
Area Network (SAN) site or metro POPs, or to expand data services such as GbE
and IP.

XDM®-100H XDM® -100
Figure 8-1: Typical applications using XDM-100H
Whichever way you look at it, the XDM®-100H fulfills the XDM build-as-you-
growTM strategy, expanding capacity and providing new services, with a nominal
investment.
8.2 Protection
The XDM-100H features proven protection means to ensure the integrity of data
transfers. This includes the highly reliable trail protection mechanisms, as well as
equipment redundancy on specified critical units, as described in Chapter 5. In
addition, advanced protection methods are available for the optical portions of the
network.
8.2.1 Optical Protection

Due to the high capacity of traffic transmitted through CWDM systems, protection is
of utmost importance. The XDM-100H incorporates two types of optical protection
schemes:
♦ Optical Channel (OCH) 1+1 protection
♦ Optical Multiplex Section Protection (OMSP) for line protection

XDM® -100 XDM®-100H
Optical Channel (OCH) Protection
OCH protection is currently the most popular method of optical protection for WDM
systems. The OCH protection mechanism transports each optical channel in two
directions, clockwise and counterclockwise. The shortest path is defined as the main
or working channel, whereas the longer path is defined as the protection channel.
The main benefit of OCH protection is its ability to choose the shortest path as the
working path for each channel separately. There are no dedicated working and
protection fibers – each fiber carries traffic with both working and protection signals
in a single direction.
By using double transponder cards with built-in OCH units, a dual traffic path goes
around the ring and is received by the main transponder if there are no failures, or by
the protection transponder in case of failures. The protected channels are user-
selected.
Figure 8-2: OCH protection scheme

XDM®-100H XDM® -100
Optical Multiplex Section Protection (OMSP) (Future)
XDM®-100H will support optical system protection at the fiber level, based on a
four-fiber connection. This protection scheme is called OMSP, and it performs line
and I/O protection at the optical level.
OMSP eliminates the need for additional Loss of Signal (LOS) detection
mechanisms and electrical control components. In case of a fiber cut, an optical
switch in the fiber automatically switches the system to protection mode. This is a
low cost, hardware-based implementation with a very small footprint. Switch-to-
protection time is less than 5 ms.
Figure 8-3: OMSP line protection

XDM® -100 XDM®-100H
8.3 Physical Description

The XDM-100H incorporates all the modularity features of the XDM-100 and
XDM-200, and consists of the following units:
♦ Main XDM-100 shelf, as described in Chapter 7, with External Connection
Unit (ECU), two MXC cards, I/O module cage with eight slots, Fan Control
Unit (FCU), and the replacement NVM module containing the licensed
hybrid-option software.
♦ Tributary Protection Unit/Optical CWDM Unit (TPU/OCU), mounted on top
of the main XDM-100 shelf, with four slots (for supporting any mix of
mux/demux, splitter/coupler, OADM, or TPM modules), and a Tributary
Control (TC) module for carrying the power and control from the main shelf
to the TPU/OCU backplane. Either one or two TPU/OCU units may be
mounted, as dictated by customer needs.
Figure 8-4 shows the layout of the XDM-100H shelf with two TPU/OCU units.
Figure 8-4: XDM-100H shelf layout

XDM®-100H XDM® -100
8.3.1 Tributary Protection Unit/Optical CWDM Unit

(TPU/OCU)
TPU/OCU shelf layout
The TPU/OCU shelf is installed on top of the main XDM-100 shelf and supports
tributary protection, mux/demux, CWDM, OADM, splitter/coupler, and modules.
The shelf connects to a connector on top of the main XDM-100 shelf, which
provides the power and control buses required for its operation.
The TPU/OCU has four slots for TPM or optical networking modules and one slot
for a Tributary Control (TC) module. The modules are connected to the power and
control buses of the basic shelf.
8 50 / 1 3 1 0n m 8 5 0 /1 3 1 0 n m
C L IE N T 1 C LI E N T 2 C L IE N T 3 C L I E N T4
IN O UT IN O UT IN OUT IN OUT
A C T IVE
F AIL
L IN E OSC OS C L IN E L I N E O SC O S C L IN E
IN OUT DRO P 1 DROP2 A DD1 ADD2 I N OU T I N O U T D R OP 1 D R O P 2 AD D1 A DD 2 IN O U T
M A IN1 MA I N 2 MA I N 3 M A IN4
OUT IN OU T I N O U T IN OUT IN TC
P R O T. 1 P ROT .2 P R O T. 3 P R O T. 4
OUT IN OU T I N O U T IN OUT IN
AC AC
FL FL
TR TR
M O_COADM2 AB MO_COADM 2AB MO_4 CP4SP
Figure 8-5: TPU/OCU shelf
In addition to the standard set of modules supported in the XDM-100 shelf and
described in Chapter 7, the XDM-100H also supports the following optical modules:
Table 8-1: I/O modules
Module No. of slots Function/Description

CTRP25_2S 1 Module for two bidirectional transponders, each with two
SFP transceivers: 2.5 Gbps CWDM line SFP (with G.709
FEC framing) and an STM-16 client SFP interface or two
line SFPs for regenerator mode.
CRPT25_2C 1 Module for two bidirectional continuous transponders (100
Mbps to 2.7 Gbps), each with two SFP transceivers: 2.5
Gbps CWDM line SFP and an STM-16 client interface.
For A/D mode only.
CTRP25_2C 1 Module for two bidirectional continuous transponders (100
Mbps to 2.7 Gbps), each with two SFP transceivers: 2.5
Gbps CWDM line SFP and an STM-16 client SFP
interface or two line SFPs for regenerator mode.
CCMB25_2D 1 Combiner for two GbE/FC/FICON client SFP transceivers
and one 2.7 Gbps CWDM line interface with G.709 FEC
framing.

XDM® -100 XDM®-100H
Table 8-2: Mux/demux modules
Module Channels Description/Function

wavelength
(nm)
MO_CMD4C 1511, 1531, 4-channel mux/demux, non-expandable with built-in
1551, 1571 1310 nm OSC filter
MO_CMD8 1471, 1491, 8-channel mux/demux, non-expandable with built-in
1511, 1531, 1310 nm OSC filter
1551, 1571,
1591, 1611
MO_CMD4C_E 1511, 1531, 4-channel mux/demux, expandable to 8 channels with
1551,1571 built-in 1310 nm OSC filter
MO_CMD4SL 1471, 1491, 4-channel mux/demux expansion module without
1591, 1611 OSC filter
Table 8-3: OADM modules
Module Number of Function/Description

I/O ports
MO_COADM1AB_xx(1) 1 Optical add/drop of a single channel with 1310 nm
built-in OSC filter, AB configuration
MO_COADM2AB_xx(2) 2 Optical add/drop of 2 channels with 1310 nm built-in
OSC filter, AB configuration
(1)
xx designates the channel dropped by the OADM
(2)
xx designates the group of two channels dropped by the OADM
Table 8-4: Splitter/Coupler modules
Module Function/Description
MO_4CP4SMM50 4 splitters and 4 couplers for optical protection for 850 nm, 50 µm,
MM fiber
MO_4CP4SMM62 4 splitters and 4 couplers for optical protection for 850 nm, 62.5 µm,
MM fiber
MO_4CP4SPSM 4 splitters and 4 couplers for optical protection for 1310/1550 nm,
SM fiber

XDM®-100H XDM® -100

A
Reference Documents
The primary reference documents for this General Description are:
1. ANSI T1.105-1991 – Digital Hierarchy – Optical Interface Rates and Format
Specification SONET.
2. BS ISO/IEC-3309 – Information Technology – Telecommunications and
Information Exchange between Systems – High-Level Data Link Control
(HDLC) Procedures – Frame Structure.
3. BS ISO/IEC-9595, Information Technology – Open Systems Interconnection
– Common Management Information Services.
4. ETSI EN 300 386-2 – telecommunication network equipment EMC
requirements.
5. EETSI EN 300 132-2 – Power supply interface at the input to
telecommunication equipment, operated by direct current.
6. ETSI ETR 114 – Functional Architecture of SDH Transport Networks.
7. ETSI ETS 300 119 – European Telecommunication Standard for Equipment
Practice.
8. ETSI ETS 300 147 – Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Multiplexing Structure.
9. ETSI ETS 300 232 – Optical Interfaces for Equipment and Systems Relating
to the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
10. ETSI ETS 300 417 – Generic Functional Requirements for Synchronous
Digital Hierarchy Equipment.
11. ETSI ETS 300 462 (Parts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) – Transmission and Multiplexing
(TM) – Generic Requirements for Synchronization Networks;
Synchronization Network Architecture; The Control of Jitter and Wander
within Synchronization; Timing Characteristics of Slave Clocks Suitable for
Operation in Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) Equipment.
417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary A-1

Reference Documents XDM®-100
12. ETSI ETS 300 746 – Transmission and Multiplexing; Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy; Network Protection Schemes; Automatic Protection Switch
(APS) Operation.
13. FTZ1TR9 – Deutche Telekom A.G. EMC requirements.
14. GR-1089-CORE – Electromagnetic Compatibility and Electrical Safety –
Generic Criteria for Network Telecommunications Equipment.
15. GR-1209-CORE – Generic Requirements for Passive Optical Components.
16. GR-1230-CORE – SONET Bidirectional Line-Switched Ring Equipment
Generic Criteria.
17. GR-1312-CORE – Generic Requirements for Optical Fiber Amplifiers and
Proprietary Dense Wavelength-Division Multiplexed Systems.
18. GR-1377-CORE – SONET OC-192 Transport System Generic Criteria.
19. GR-1400-CORE – SONET Dual-Fed Unidirectional Path Switched Ring
(UPSR) Equipment Generic Criteria.
20. GR-253-CORE – Synchronous Optical Network (SONET) Transport
Systems: Common Generic Criteria.
21. GR-326-CORE – Generic Requirements for Singlemode Optical Connectors
and Jumper Assemblies.
22. GR-383-CORE – COMMON LANGUAGE® Equipment Codes (CLEI™
Codes) – Generic Requirements for Bar Code Labels.
23. GR-436-CORE – Digital Network Synchronization Plan.
24. GR-485-CORE – COMMON LANGUAGE® Equipment Codes (CLEI™
Codes) – Generic Requirements for Processes and Guidelines.
25. GR-499-CORE – Transport Systems Generic Requirements (TSGR):
Common Requirements.
26. GR-63-CORE – Network Equipment Building System (NEBS)
Requirements: Physical Protection.
27. IEC 917 – Modular Order for the Development of Mechanical Structures for
Electronic Equipment Practices.
28. IEC/UL 60950 – Safety of Information Technology Equipment.
A-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

XDM®-100 Reference Documents
29. IEEE 802.3 – IEEE Standard for Information Technology –

Telecommunications and Information Exchange Between Systems – Local
and Metropolitan Area Networks – Specific Requirements – Part 3: Carrier
Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection (CSMA/CD) Access
Method and Physical Layer Specifications.
30. ISO 9595, ISO 9596 – CMISE Specification.
31. ITU-T Recommendation G.650 – Definition and Test Methods for the
Relevant Parameters of Single-mode Fibers.
32. ITU-T Recommendation G.651 – Characteristics of a 50/125 µm Multimode
Graded Index Optical Fiber Cable.
33. ITU-T Recommendation G.652 – Characteristics of a Single-mode Optical
Fiber Cable.
34. ITU-T Recommendation G.653 – Characteristics of a Dispersion-shifted
Single-mode Optical Fiber Cable.
35. ITU-T Recommendation G.654 – Characteristics of a Cut-off Shifted Single-
mode Optical Fiber Cable.
36. ITU-T Recommendation G.655 – Characteristics of a Non-zero Dispersion
Shifted Single-mode Optical Fiber Cable.
37. ITU-T Recommendation G.661 – Definition and Test Methods for the
Relevant Generic Parameters of Optical Amplifier Devices and Subsystems.
38. ITU-T Recommendation G.662 – Generic Characteristics of Optical Fiber
Amplifier Devices and Subsystems.
39. ITU-T Recommendation G.663 – Application Related Aspects of Optical
Fiber Amplifier Devices and Subsystems.
40. ITU-T Recommendation G.664 – Optical Safety Procedures and
Requirements for Optical Transport Systems.
41. ITU-T Recommendation G.671 – Transmission Characteristics of Passive
Optical Components.
42. ITU-T Recommendation G.681 – Functional Characteristics of Interoffice
and Long-haul Line Systems Using Optical Amplifiers, Including Optical
Multiplexing.
43. ITU-T Recommendation G.691 – Optical Interfaces for Single Channel SDH
Systems with Optical Amplifiers and STM-64 systems (Draft).

44. ITU-T Recommendation G.692 – Optical Interfaces for Multi-channel

Systems with Optical Amplifiers.
45. ITU-T Recommendation G.694.2 – Spectral grids for WDM Applications:
CWDM Wavelength.
46. ITU-T Draft Recommendation G.695 – Optical Interfaces for Coarse
Wavelength Division Multiplexing applications.
47. ITU-T Recommendation G.703 – Physical/Electrical Characteristics of
Hierarchical Digital Interfaces.
48. ITU-T Recommendation G.704 – Synchronous Frame Structures Used at
1544, 6312, 2048, 8448 and 44 736 kbit/s Hierarchical Levels.
49. ITU-T Recommendation G.707 – Network Node Interface for the
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
50. ITU-T Recommendation G.708 – Sub STM-0 Network Node Interface for
the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH).
51. ITU-T Recommendation G.772 – Protected Monitoring Points provided on
Digital Transmission Systems.
52. ITU-T Recommendation G.774 & G.774.n – SDH Information Model.
53. ITU-T Recommendation G.783 – Characteristics of SDH Equipment
Functional Blocks.
54. ITU-T Recommendation G.784 – Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH)
Management.
55. ITU-T Recommendation G.803 – Architectures of Transport Networks based
on the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
56. ITU-T Recommendation G.805 – Generic Functional Architecture of
Transport Networks.
57. ITU-T Recommendation G.811 – Timing Characteristics of Primary
Reference Clocks.
58. ITU-T Recommendation G.812 – Timing Requirements of Slave Clocks
Suitable for Use as Node Clocks in Synchronization Networks.
59. ITU-T Recommendation G.813 – Timing Characteristics of SDH Equipment
Slave Clocks (SEC).

XDM®-100 Reference Documents
60. ITU-T Recommendation G.823 – The Control of Jitter and Wander within
Digital Networks, which are based on the 2048 kbit/s Hierarchy.
Digital Networks, which are based on the SDH (Draft).
Optical Transport Network (OTN).
63. ITU-T Recommendation G.826 – Error Performance Parameters and
Objectives for International, Constant Bit Rate Digital Paths at or above the
Primary Rate.
64. ITU-T Recommendation G.841 – Types and Characteristics of SDH
Network Protection Architectures.
65. ITU-T Recommendation G.842 – Inter-working of SDH Protection
Architectures.
66. ITU-T Recommendation G.957 – Optical Interfaces for Equipment and
Systems relating to the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy.
67. ITU-T Recommendation G.958 – Digital Line Systems Based on the
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy for Use on Optical Fiber Cables.
68. ITU-T Recommendation G.959.1 – Optical Transport Network Physical
Layer Interfaces.
69. ITU-T Recommendation M.3010 – Principles for a Telecommunications
Management Network.
70. ITU-T Recommendation M.3100 – Generic Network Information Model.
71. ITU-T Recommendation Q.821 – Alarm Surveillance.
72. ITU-T Recommendation Q.822 – Performance Monitoring.
73. ITU-T Recommendations X.217, X.227 – ACSE Specification.
74. ITU-T Recommendations X.219, X.229 – ROSE Specification.
75. RFC-1493 – Definition of Managed Objects for Bridges.
76. RFC-1662 – PPP in HDLC-life Framing.
77. RFC-1757 – Remote Network Monitoring Management Information Base.
78. RFC-2108 – Definitions of Managed Objects for IEEE 802.3 Repeater
Devices using SMIv2.

79. RFC-2615 – PPP over SONET/SDH.

80. RFC-2737 – Entity MIB (Version 2).
81. RFC-2823 – PPP over Simple Data Link (SDL) using SONET/SDH with
ATM-like Framing.

B
Glossary
ACO Alarm Cut Off
ADM Add-and-Drop Multiplexer
ALS Automatic Laser Shutdown
ANSI American National Standards Institute
ASP Application Service Providers
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
BBE Background Block Error
BER Bit Error Rate
BIT Built-In Test
BLSR Bidirectional Line Switched Ring
BPSR Bidirectional Path Switched Ring
BSC Base Station Controller
BTS Base Station Transceiver Subsystem
CAPEX CAPital EXpenditure
CCP Communication Control Panel
CLE Customer Located Equipment
CO Central Office
CORBA Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CPE Customer Premises Equipment
CU Consolidation Unit
DCC Digital Communications Channel
DCN Data Communication Network
DIO XDM Data I/O card
417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary B-1

Glossary XDM® -100
DS-3 Digital Signal Level 3 (44.736 Mbps)

DWDM Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
ECU External Connection Unit
ECU-F External Connection Unit (Full Functionality)
eCRAFT Desktop or laptop PC-based craft terminal
EIS-M Ethernet Interface and Switching Module
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
EML Element Management Layer
EMS Element Management System
eNM ECI Telecom Ltd.'s Network Manager
eNM-XDM XDM element management system
EOW Engineering OrderWire
ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute
Fast Ethernet 100BaseT. Ethernet at 100 Mbps
FCU Fan Control Unit
FE Fast Ethernet
FICON Fiber Connection
FN Functional Node
FTP File Transfer Protocol
GbE Gigabit Ethernet
GFP Generic Framing Procedure
GPRS General Packet Radio Service
GSM Global System for Mobile Communication
HO High Order
HTML Hypertext Markup Language
I/O Input/Output
INF Input Filter Unit
IP Internet Protocol
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
ISP Internet Service Provider
ITU-T International Telecommunications Union-Telecommunication
B-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

XDM® -100 Glossary
LAN Local Area Network

LVD Low Voltage Differential
MAC Medium Access Control
ME Managed Element
MLM Meridian Link Module
MS Multiplex Section
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MSP-L Linear Multiplex Section Protection
MSPP MultiService Provisioning Platform
MS-SPRing Multiplex Section Shared Protection Ring
MTNM MultiTechnology Network Management
MXC Main Cross-Connect Control
NE Network Element
NEL Network Element Layer
NML Network Management Layer
NMS Network Management System
NT Network Termination
NVM Non-Volatile Memory
OADM Optical Add/Drop Multiplexer
OHA OverHead Access
OPEX OPerational EXpenditure
OSC Optical Supervisory Channel
OSNR Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio
OW Orderwire channel
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PIM PDH I/O Module
PIO PDH Input/Output
PM Performance Monitoring
POP Point of Presence
QoS Quality of Service
RAN Remote Access Network

Glossary XDM® -100
RDR Remote Database Replication

RNC Radio Network Controller
RSTP Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol
SAM SDH Aggregate Module
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SES Severed Error Second
SFP Small Form-factor Pluggable
SIM SDH I/O Module
SIO SDH Input/Output
SLA Service Level Agreement
SLM System Load Module
SNCP SubNetwork Connection Protection
SQL Structured Query Language
SSM Synchronization Status Marker
STM Synchronous Transfer Mode
STM-1 Synchronous Transport Module 1, 155.52 Mbps
TCF Tributary Control and Fans
TDM Time Division Multiplexing
TM Terminal Multiplexer
TMF TeleManagement Forum
TMN Telecommunications Management Network
TMU TiMing Unit
TPM Tributary Protection Module
TPU Tributary Protection Unit
TVCXO Temperature Compensated Voltage Controlled Crystal
Oscillator
UAS Unavailable Seconds
UPSR Unidirectional Path Switched Ring

XDM® -100 Glossary
USB Universal Serial Bus

VC Virtual Container
VPN Virtual Private Network
WAN Wide Area Network

Glossary XDM® -100

I
Index
A D
Aggregate Modules, 7-10 Data Applications, 2-1
Alarm Management, 6-10 Ethernet capabilities, 2-1
Applications, XDM-100H, 8-1 QoS, 2-1
Auto-discovery, 6-11 SLAs, 2-1
Data Services, 3-6
B
benefits and features, 3-6
Built-in Test (BIT), 4-3
EIS-M, 3-6
C Database Signature feature, 6-7
Cards Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing.
ECU, 7-8 See DWDM
MXC, 7-7 Dual Route Path Protection and
Cellular Applications Unidirectional Path Switched Ring
3G, 2-3 (UPSR), 5-2
GPRS, 2-3 DWDM, 1-1, 6-2, 6-6
GSM, 2-3
E
RAN, 2-3
eCraft, 6-2, 6-12
Client/Server Architecture, 6-2
ECU card, 7-8
Coarse Wavelength Division Multiplexing.
EIS-M, 3-6
See CWDM
functionality, 4-9
Communication with External Equipment and
ports, 4-10
Management, 4-2
Element Management System. See EMS
Configuration and Inventory Management,
EMS, 4-2, 6-2, 6-7, 6-12, 7-8
6-10
EMS-XDM, 6-8
Control and Communication
alarm management, 6-10
built-in test (BIT), 4-3
auto-discovery, 6-11
communication with external equipment
configuration and inventory management,
and management, 4-2
6-10
internal control and processing, 4-2
interfaces and management transparency,
NE software and configuration backup, 4-3
6-11
Cut-through process, eNM LightSoft, 6-7
performance management, 6-9
CWDM, 1-1, 1-3, 3-1, 4-9, 8-1, 8-2, 8-4, 8-5,
provisioning, 6-10
8-6
security management, 6-11
417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary I-1

Index XDM® -100
eNM LightSoft, 4-4, 6-2 Modules

auto-discovery, 6-11 Aggregate, 7-10
cut-through, 6-7 I/O, 7-9
fault management, 6-6 MSPP, 1-1, 1-3, 2-1
management interfaces, 6-3 Multiplex Section Protection (MSP) and Line
network management, 6-2 Protection, 5-7
redundancy, 6-7 linear multiplex section protection (MSP-L)
security functions, 6-8 and automatic protection switch (APS),
topology management, 6-4 5-7
trail configuration, 6-5 multiplex section shared protection ring
user interface, 6-3 (MS-SPRing) and bidirectional line
Ethernet Interface and Switching Module. See switched ring (BLSR), 5-8
EIS-M Multiservice Provisioning Platform. See
Ethernet Protection/Rapid Spanning Tree MSPP
Protocol (RSTP), 5-6 MXC card, 7-7
MXC Functionality, 3-4
F
Fault Management, 6-6 N
NE Software and Configuration Backup, 4-3
G
Network Management System. See NMS
GbE/FC/FICON, 8-6
NMS, 2-1, 6-3, 6-7, 6-11, 6-12
I
P
I/O and Data Traffic Functions, 4-8
Performance Management, 6-9
PIM (PDH Input/Output) modules, 4-8
Physical Description, 7-1
SAM (SDH Aggregate) modules, 4-8
external connection unit (ECU) card, 7-7
SIM (SDH Input/Output) modules, 4-8
I/O and aggregate modules, 7-9
I/O Modules, 7-9
main cross-connect and control (MXC)
Interfaces and Management Transparency,
card, 7-7
6-11
rack installation, 7-6
Internal Control and Processing, 4-2
shelf configuration, 7-1
L PIM (PDH Input/Output) Modules, 4-8
Layered Architecture, 6-1 Power Feed, 4-12
Linear Multiplex Section Protection (MSP-L) Protection
and Automatic Protection Switch (APS), optical channel (OCH), 8-2
5-7 optical multiplex section, 8-2, 8-3
Loss of Signal (LOS), 8-3 Protection and Redundancy, 5-1
Ethernet protection/rapid spanning tree
M protocol (RSTP), 5-6
Management, 6-1 multiplex section protection (MSP) and line
eCraft, 6-12
protection, 5-7
EMS-XDM, 6-8 SDH/SONET path/circuit protection
eNM LightSoft network management, 6-2 schemes, 5-1
interfaces, 6-3
Provisioning, 6-10
layered architecture, 6-1
product integration, 6-2 Q
Metro-Access Applications QoS, 2-1, 2-2, 3-1, 3-6, 6-9
multirings, 2-2 Quality of Service. See QoS
point-to-point topologies, 2-2
R
STM-1/4/16 aggregation, 2-2
Rack Installation, 7-6
Metropolitan Transmission Networks, 3-2
Modular Architecture, 3-2 S
SAM (SDH Aggregate) Modules, 4-8
I-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

XDM® -100 Index
SDH/SONET Path/Circuit Protection TPU I/O Protection Shelf

Schemes, 5-1 tributary control and fans module, 7-5
dual route path protection and tributary protection modules, 7-4
unidirectional path Switched ring Traffic and Cross-connect, 4-6
(UPSR), 5-2 MXC matrix functions, 4-6
subnetwork connection protection (SNCP), Traffic Protection and Restoration
5-5 equipment/interface protection schemes,
Security Management, 6-11 5-10
Service Level Agreement. See SLA traffic protection schemes, 5-10
SFP, 4-8, 4-9, 8-6 Traffic Tasks
Shelf Configuration non-redundant configuration, 3-5
basic shelf layout, 7-1 redundant configuration, 3-5
expanded shelf with I/O protection, 7-3 Trail Configuration, 6-5
non-redundant shelf layout, 7-5 DWDM trail management, 6-6
SIM (SDH/SONET Input/Output) Modules, Gigabit Ethernet trail management, 6-6
4-8 SDH trail management, 6-5
SLA, 2-1, 5-5 Tributary Control and Fans Module, 7-5
Small Form-factor Pluggable. See SFP Tributary Protection Modules, 7-4
SubNetwork Connection Protection (SNCP), Tributary Protection Unit, 4-13
5-5
X
System Characteristics, 3-1
XDM Platforms
data services, 3-6
XDM®-1000, 1-1
metropolitan transmission networks, 3-2
XDM®-200, 1-1
modular architecture, 3-2
XDM®-2000, 1-1
MXC functionality, 3-4
XDM®-400, 1-1
TDM configuration options, 3-3
XDM®-500, 1-1
XDM-100 traffic I/O interface modules,
XDM-100
3-7
cellular applications, 2-3
System Design, 4-1
client/server architecture, 6-2
control and communication, 4-2
data applications, 2-1
I/O and data traffic functions, 4-8
features and benefits, 1-3
overhead unit, 4-11
management, 6-1
power feed, 4-12
metro-access applications, 2-2
timing and synchronization, 4-4
non-redundant shelf layout, 7-5
traffic/cross-connectivity, 4-6
physical description, 7-1
tributary protection unit, 4-13
protection and redundancy, 5-1
T system characteristics, 3-1
TDM Services, 3-3 system design, 4-1
multi-ADM/TM, 3-4 traffic I/O interface modules, 3-7
single ADM/TM, 3-3 shelf interfaces capacity, 3-8
Timing and Synchronization, 4-4 XDM-100H, 1-3, 7-1
DS-1, 4-4 applications, 8-1
holdover mode, 4-4 I/O modules, 8-6
local interval clock, 4-4 mux/demux modules, 8-6
STM-n, 4-4 OADM modules, 8-7
synchronization references, 4-5 physical description, 8-4
Topology Management, 6-4 protection, 8-2, 8-5
shelf layout, 8-5
splitter/coupler modules, 8-7
TPU/OCU modules, 8-7
417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary I-3

Index XDM® -100
I-4 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

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XDM®-100

Miniature MSPP for

© Copyright by ECI Telecom Ltd., 2003-2004. All rights reserved worldwide.

3. System Characteristics ..................................................................................3-1

4. System Design ................................................................................................4-1

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary i

4.5 OverHead Unit (OHU) Module..........................................................4-11

5. Protection and Redundancy ..........................................................................5-1

ii ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

A. Reference Documents ..................................................................................A-1

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary iii

iv ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary v

vi ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary vii

viii ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 1-1

Figure 1-1: The XDM family of platforms

1.2 XDM®-100 – A Genuine MSPP in a Compact

1-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

1.3 Features and Benefits

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 1-3

1-4 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

2.1 Data Applications

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 2-1

Figure 2-1: Typical Ethernet application

2-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

2.2 Metro-Access Applications

Figure 2-2: XDM-100 in a metro-access application

Metro access ring

Figure 2-3: XDM-100 in a metro-edge application

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 2-3

2.3 Cellular Applications

Figure 2-4: XDM-100 in a cellular application

2-4 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 2-5

2-6 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 3-1

3.1 Metropolitan Transmission Networks

3.2 Modular Architecture

3-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

3.3 TDM Configuration Options

3.3.1 Single ADM/TM Mode

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 3-3

3.3.2 Multi-ADM and Multi-TM Modes

Figure 3-1: XDM-100 as a multi-ADM

3-4 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

3.4 MXC Functionality

128 STM-1 equivalents 128 STM-1 equivalents

Figure 3-2: XDM-100 cross-connect scheme

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 3-5

3.5 Data Services

3.5.1 Benefits and Features

3-6 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

3.6 XDM-100 Traffic I/O Interface Modules

Traffic type Ports per Max. ports

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 3-7

3-8 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02

417006-2005-013-A02 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 4-1

4.1 Control and Communication

4.1.1 Internal Control and Processing

4.1.2 Communication with External Equipment and

4-2 ECI Telecom Ltd. Proprietary 417006-2005-013-A02