Extended Coverage Sprinkler

reyns
_______= Net income/Owner’s equity: RETURN ON INVESTMENT

2 2
1 + tan is equal to: SEC
2
1 + tan is: sec²
1 cal is equivalent to: 4.187JOULE
A cash flow that repeats each year for n years without change in amount, its symbol is A and its factor (F/A): ANNUITY
A concrete mixture 1:3:5 means a mixture of: 1 CEMENT: 3 SAND: 5 GRAVEL
A civil wrong committed by one person causing damage to another person or his property or reputation: TORT
A closed vessel intended for use in heating water or for application of heat to generate steam or other vapour to be used externally to it is
called: STEAM GENERATOR OR BOILER
A concrete foundation should have the steel bar reinforced both vertically and horizontally to avoid thermal tracking. Weight or reinforcing
steel bars should be at least: 1/2% to 1% OF THE FOUNDATION
A diagram drawn to help visualize and simply problem having diverse receipts and disbursement: CASH FLOW
A fund into w/c annual deposits of A are made in order to accumulate fund F at n years in the future: ANNUITY
A general form of algebraic equation for hyperbola is: (x/a)² - (y/b)² = 1
A general principle in the motion of the body can stated as follows: (F = force, M = mass, V= velocity, = change, T=time): FT = M V
A leak fr a faucet comes out in separate drops. W/c of the ff is d main cause of the phenomenon: SURFACE TENSION
A legally binding agreement two personalities having an agreement: CONTRACT
A legally binding or promise to exchange goods or services: CONTRACT
A line that meets a plane but is not perpendicular to it, in relation to the plane: OBLIQUE
A means of shaping hard metals and forming complex shaped holes in soft metals and electro conductive materials: ELECTRO-DISCHARGE
MACHINE (EDM)
A plane Close curve, all points of w/c are the same distance from a point within: CIRCLE
A plane close curve, all points of w/c are same distance from a point within, called the center is: CIRCLE
A plane having a closed curve separated by broken line: POLYGON
A plane with closed line: POLYGON
A polygon having 5 sides: PENTAGON
A process has pressure ranges of .001-1 atmosphere. A pressure measuring instrument to register the pressure at all times: MERCURY
MANOMETER
A process of welding metals in a molten or in vaporous state without application of mechanical pressure or blow. Such welding maybe
accomplished by the oxy-acetylene or by hydrogen flame or by electric arc. It is called: FUSION WELDING
A properties use to determine the equation of line given two points: TWO POINTS SLOPE FORM
A provision in the contract that indicates the possible adjustments of material cost and labor cost: ESCALATORY CLAUSE
A quadrilateral whose opposite side are parallel: PARALLELOGRAM
A rectangle with equal side: SQUARE
A situation where payments is made for work not done, the term also applies to the case where more workers are used than are a reasonable
requirement for efficient operation: FEATHER BEDDING
A solid having many faces: POLYHEDRON
A specimen is subject to a load. When the load is removed, the strain disappears: ELASTIC
A statement containing one or more variables and having the property that it becomes either true or false when the variables are given specific
values from their domains. OPEN SENTENCE
A statement of equality between two ratios: PROPORTION
A statement of truth w/c is admitted without proof: AXIOM
A steam engine capable in producing a change in the motion of an object is called: FORCE
A straight line perpendicular to one of two parallel planes is perpendicular to the other also: THEOREM
A system used to record historical financial transactions, the result records of w/c are used for product costing satisfaction of statutory
requirements, reporting of profit for income tax purposes and general company management: COST ACCOUNTING SYSTEM
A tax on import: IMPORT TARIFF
A term used to describe payment of an employee for time spent on the property of the employer though not actually working at the job, e.g.
Time spent changing of cloths to get ready for work or time spent travelling from the plant entrance to the place of work: PORTAL-TO-PORTAL
A ton of refrigeration is the amount of cooling produced by one ton of ice (2000lbs) melting over a period of 24 hrs. It is equivalent to: 3.516 kW
A type of boiler w/c incorporates furnace water cooling in the circulatory sys is otherwise known as: INTEGRAL FURNACE BOILER
A type of compressor w/c is often use for supercharging diesel engines: CETRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR
A zener diode can be used in a circuit to provide a stable reference for: VOLTAGE
Absolute viscosity is essentially independent of pressure and is primarily dependent on: TEMPERATURE
Adding gallium to pure germanium is an example of the process: P-TYPE DOPING
Additional information to prospective bidders on contract documents issued prior to bidding date: BID BULLETIN
Air used for comfort cooling shall maintain a movement of from: 4570 to 7620 mm/min
All circle having the same center but with unequal radii are: CONCENTRIC CIRCLE
All heavy machinery should be supported on solid foundations of sufficient mass and base area to prevent or minimize transmission:
OBJECTIONABLE VIBRATION TO THE BUILDING AND OCCUPIED SPACE
All proposed installation, additions or alterations involving machinery, mechanical equipment or process shall be covered by plans and
specifications prepared by or under the supervision of a: PME
All stairs flat forms and landings shall be sufficient strength to sustain safely a live load of not less than 500 kg with factor safety of: 4
An adiabatic process: MAYBE REVERSIBLE
An adiabatic process with no work done is: THROTTLING
An angle more than radian but less than 2 radian is: REFLEX ANGLE
An economic study is made of the total annual cost (C) for a series of alternative investment (P) for a given project. If C is plotted as the
ordinate versus P, the most desirable investment occurs when: (dC/dP=0)
An expression of two terms are called: BINOMIAL
An index of short term paying ability is called: ACID TEST RATIO
An instrument for measuring high temp gases: PYROMETER
An instrument use for measuring specific gravity of fluids: HYDROMETER
An instrument use for measuring very high temperature: PYROMETER
An insulation materials made of fibrous material and used as a mixture with magnesium, as a felt, or a paper: ASBESTOS
An internal fired boiler w/c is self contained for temporary location and the construction and usage is obviously not permanent: PORTABLE
BOILER
An oblique equilateral parallelogram: RHOMBUS
Annual Net profit/Capital Invested: RATE OF RETURN
Any combination of symbols and numbers related by the fundamental operation of algebra is called a/an: ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
Any equation w/c because of some mathematical process, has acquired an extra root is sometimes called as: REDUNDANT EQUATION
As award of an exclusive right to provide product services in a stated region: FRANCHISE
Association of two or more individuals for the purpose of operating a business as co-ownership of a profit: PARTNERSHIP
b to the m/nth power =: (nth root of b to the m power)
Basis unit of length of the SI system: METER

Before an RME maybe allowed to take the licensure examination for PME, he must have an active practice of: 4 YEARS
Cash money credit necessary to establish and operate an enterprise: CAPITAL
Compression ratio of an engine is: (DISPLACEMENT VOLUME + CLEARANCE VOLUME)/CLEARANCE VOLUME
Consist of the actual counting or determination of the actual qty of the materials on hands as of a given date: PHYSICAL INVENTORY
Convert 1.818 x 10^-4 gm/cm-s to lb/ft-s: 1.222
Cost of things that are neither labor or materials: EXPENSES
Cryogenic ranges in temperature from: -150 to -300deg.F
Damages that are specified in the contract to insure that if the contract becomes disputed, the amount of damages are agreed upon in
advance: NOMINAL DAMAGES
Date of RA 8495 approved by the Senate: FEB. 03, 1998
Dew point is w/c of the ff: ADIABATIC SATURATION TEMP
Direct labor cost incurred in the factory and direct material cost are the costs of all materials that go into production. The sum of these two
direct costs are known as: PRIME COST
Ductile cast iron and gray cast iron both contains 4% carbon. Ductile cast iron, however, has higher tensile strength and is considerably more
ductile. W/c of the following is the major difference that accounts for the superior properties of the ductile iron: THE GRAY CAST IRON
CONTAINS FLAKES OFGRAPHITE, WHEREAS THE DUCTILE IRON CONTAINS SPHEROIDS OF GRAPHITE
Each period, two types of financial statements are typically generated. These are: BALANCE SHEET AND THE PROFIT AND LOSS
STATEMENTS
Entropy is the measure of: RANDOMNESS or DISORDER
Estimated value at the end of the useful life: SALVAGE VALUE
Ethical behaviour is variant with respect to: NEITHER TIME, CULTURE NOR LOCATION
Ethics is best defined as: I,II,III. IV
Faculty members currently teaching mechanical professional engineering subjects in universities, colleges, institutes or school shall not be
allowed to continue teaching after ___ from the approval of RA 8495: 5 YEARS
Fall after the increase reaches a certain variable amount this is called: THE DIMINISHING RETURN
Financial statement w/c compares the revenue s of the period with the expenses incurred to gain those revenues: PROFIT, LOSS AND
LIABILITIES
Following the ASA code for the pressure piping, w/c pipe is used in power plant for small control lines, condenser tubes and tubular feedwater
heaters: WROUGHT IRON
For a fixed curing time, the ultimate strength of concrete: IS INDEPENDENT OF WATER CONTENT IF CURED FOR SUFFICIENT LONG TIME
For a mechanical plant with capacity of 100kw or over but not more than 300 kw, the personnel required be at least one: CPM, ME, PME
For the simple beam supported at each end and w/c is uniformly loaded: THE SHEAR AT THE CENTER OF THE BEAM IS ZERO
Form of business/company ownership: PARTNERSHIP, CORPORATION & SINGLE PROPRIETORSHIP
Formation of bubbles in a low pressure area in a centrifugal pump and later their sudden collapse, is called: CAVITATION
Four x the cube root of sixteen plus two x the cube root of fifty-four: FOURTEEN x THE CUBE ROOT OF TWO
Galvanized iron is a term referring to iron coated with: ZINC
Given that N = 120f/P Solve for the frequency of the generator: PN/120
2 2
Given the general equation Ax + Bxy + Cy + Dx + Ey + F = 0. For parabola: B² - 4AC = 0
Grand total of the assets and operational capability of a corporation: INVESMENT
Gross profit, sales less cost of goods sold, as a percentage of sales is called: GROSS MARGIN
Hastelloy contains: NICKEL MOLYBDENUM ALLOY
Heat transmission carried by the movement of heated fluids away from a hot body, as in the heating of water by a hot surface: CONVECTION
House bill number of RA 8495: 9806
How is the material purchase price variance defined: (QTY. PURCHASED x ACTUAL PRICE) – (QTY PURCHASED x STD PRICE)
Hydraulic power is expressed in whp in English units, in SI it is expressed in: wkw
If a cost is a function of the independent variable, the cost is said to be a: VARIABLE COST
If an initial volume of saturated steam is expanded isothermally to twice the initial volume, the pressure: DECREASES
If equals are added to equals their sum are equal: THEOREM
If one end of the manometer is open to the atmosphere, it is called: OPEN MANOMETER
If the absolute value of the numerator of a fraction is smaller than the denominator, it is called: PROPER FRACTION
If the anti-freeze at a certain temp has a concentration of a known value, what will be the behaviour as it progressively cools: IT REMAINS A
LIQUID UNTILTHE TEMP HAS A CONCENTRATION OF A KNOWN VALUE
In a cantilever beam with a concentrated load at the free end, the moment is: MAXIMUM AT THE WALL
In a diesel engine the duration between the time of injection and the time of ignition is called: PRE-IGNITION PERIOD
In a Imhoff tank: THE SLUDGE AND RAW SEWAGE ARE NOT MIXED
In an electric circuits, the potential difference across terminals of circuit elements is called: VOLTAGE
2
In computing the length of belt, what is C in the equation. L = 2C + /2(D2+D1) + (D2+D1) /4C: DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO PULLEYS
In conventional reciprocating compressor, the lubrication is accomplished by: SPLASH SYSTEM
In energy transformation process in w/c the resultant condition lacks the driving potential needed to reverse the process; the measure of this
loss is expressed as: ENTHALPY INCREASE OF THE SYSTEM
In general the design stress and factor of safety are related as follows: DESIGN STRESS = ULTIMATE STRESS/FACTOR OF SAFETY
In general triangles the expression (sinA)/a = (sinB)/b= (sinC)/c is called: THE LAW OF SINES
-2
In mechanics, If mass M, length L, and time T, are selected as primary units, force F will have the following equation: F = MLT
In mounting a machine it should be levelled by driving wedges between the machine base and concrete foundation and with the aide of: A
SPIRIT LEVEL
In order to achieve maximum possible w/c will be affected are fuel economy the design features are: METHOD OF CHARGING
In replacement studies, the existing process or piece of equipment is known as: DEFENDER
In steady flow system, the mass of the working substance is: ALWAYS CONSERVED
In the design of grit chambers: THE MAXIMUM VELOCITY OF FLOW IS 1 FT/sec
In the design of pulley, key and shaft: KEY IS THE WEAKER LINK
In the design of pulley, key and shaft: KEY IS MADE THE WEAKER LINK
2
In the formula for the length of belt L = 2C + /2(D2+D1) + (D2+D1) /4C. The formula for C is : C = {b + [b² - 32(D2-D1)²]} / 16
In the SI system of measurement, the base unit for mass is: KILOGRAM
Instead of the profits being paid out to the stockholders or owner as dividends, they are retained in the business and used to finance
expansion: RETAINED EARNINGS
Intangible assets of a corporation or company: PATENTS
Integral of sin x dx: - COSX + C
Is a curve traced out by a point on the rim of a wheel that rolls without slipping: CYCLOID
Is an angle more than 90º but less than 180º: OBTUSE ANGLE
Is the effective annual interest rate at w/c an investment accrues income: RATE OF RETURN
It act acts as a throttle valve, introducing enough resistance into the system, it is desired the fan to restrict any quality: DAMPER RESISTANCE
It is a sharp sudden increase in money or credit or both without corresponding increase in business transaction: DEFLATION
It is required to speed up sedimentary of sewage. What is the chemical most commonly used for the given problem: LIME
It occurs when a unique product or service is avail only form a single supplier and entry of all other possible suppliers prevented: MONOPOLY
It is the process in w/c water vapour to the air stream by adiabatic evaporation: EVAPORATIVE COOLING
Kind of obligation w/c has no condition attached: GRATUITIOUS

Kinematic viscosity is an SI derived unit described as: SQ. METER PER SECOND
2 2 2
L = 2C + /2(D2+D1) + (D2+D1) /4C. The center distance between the two sprockets. The formula C is: C= b+ b -32(D2-D1) /16
Law that states P = VI: OHMS LAW
Liquid assets such as cash and other assets that can be converted quickly into cash, such as accounts receivable, and merchandise are
called: CURRENT ASSETS
Locus of points on a side w/c rolls along a fixed line: CYCLOID
Long ton is equal to: 2240lbs
Low carbon steel are generally used in the as rolled” or “as fabricated” state: REASON FOR THIS IS THEIR STRENGTH GENERALLY CANNOT
BE INCREASED BY HEAT TREATMENT
Low-carbon steel are generally used in the “as rolled” or “as fabricated” state. What is the reason for this: THEIR STRENGTH GENERALLY
CANNOT BE INCREASED BY HEAT TREATMENT
Maximum plant capacity in w/c CPM is allowed to operate, tend or maintain: 300KW
Maximum plant capacity w/c a license ME is allowed to operate tend or maintain: 2000 KW
Measure the velocity of fluid: PITOT TUBE
Mechanical Engineering organization accredited by the PRC: PSME
Mechanical Plant engineer (MPE) maybe allowed to take the licensure examination for PME if: HE HAS 4 YEARS OF ACTIVE PRACTICE AS
MPE
Mechanically and electrically operated brakes shall be inspected: PERIODICALLY
Minimum grade of mechanical engineer required to supervise operation of a 500 kw diesel engine: RME
Minimum grade of mechl Engr required in the design and preparation of plans of a 280 kw power plant: PME
Modes of extinguishing obligations when creditor abandon his right to collect: CONDONATION
Moment of inertia in SI is described as: N-m
Momentum = Force x TIME
Money paid for the use of borrowed capital: INTEREST
Naperian logarithm have a base closest to w/c no: 2.72
On existing installation boiler, the lowest factor of safety permissible shall be: 4.5
On the hoist or load block or some equally visible space of every hoist designed to lifts its load vertically shall be legible marked: ITS RATED
LOAD CAPACITY
One Btu equals 778.2 ft-lb of mechanical energy is called: MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT OF HEAT
One horse power is =: 746 watts
One joule of work is done by force of newton acting through a distance of: ONE METER
One of the best known safety practices in industrial plant is: TO PROVIDES MACHINES WITH APPROPIATE GUARD
One of the main differences between cast iron and steel is that: STEEL HAS LOWER CARBON CONTENT
One of the two types of non material nuclear radiation is: GAMMA RADIATION
Output over input: EFFECIENCY
Oxidation and _____. Oxidation is the loss of electrons which happens together with the corresponding gain of electrons: REDUCTION
P = VI is what law: OHMS LAW
Part of sphere separated by two parallel lines: ZONE
Part of the diesel ____that supply sufficient diesel fuel during operation: INJECTION PUMP
Parties whose consent or signature in a contract is not considered intelligent: DEMENTED PERSON
Penal provision of a contract to compensate for the losses incurred by one party due to the failure to comply with contract provisions:
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
Piping system with a working pressure of not less than ____, fired and unified pressure vessel: 70KPa
Points that lie in the same plane: COPLANAR
Power boiler is a closed vessel in w/c steam or other vapour is generated at a pressure of more that ____ by the direct application of heat: 15
psig
Profit margin ratio is the percentage of peso of sales that is net income and the profit margin is: NET INCOME BEFORE TAXES/NET SALES
Receivable turnover = NET CREDIT SALES/AVEG. NET RECEIVABLES
Refers to cost merchandise w/c excludes freight and insurance costs: BOOK VALUE
Reynolds no. maybe calculated for: CHARACTERISTICS LENGTH, MASS FLOW RATE PER UNIT AREA, AND ABS. VISCOUSITY
Rocket is weight less in space. What is the relation of mass in earth and in space: THE MASS IS UNCHANGE
Section 8 of RA 8495 is: SUPERVISION OF THE BOARD
Section RA no. 8495: The Philippine Mechanical Act of 1998 is about ISSUANCE OF CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION AND PROFESSIONAL
LICENSE
Senate Bill number of RA 8495: 1793
Share for participation: STOCK
Sound travels fastest in: STEEL AT 70 ºF
Steam at 2.0 KPa is saturated @ 17.5deg. C. In what state will the steam be at 40 deg. C If the pressure is 2.0 KPa: SUPERHEATED
-12
Tera is opposite: PICO OR 10
The logarithm of 1 to any base is: ZERO
The 2 classification of pumps: RECIPROCATING & ROTARY
The amount of heat needed to raise the temp one lb of the substance one degree Fahrenheit: BTU
The bacteria in the sewage mostly: SAPROPHYTIC
The balance sheet is the statement showing the financial status of the company at any given time. W/c of the statement is not a part of the
balance sheet: COST OF GOODS SOLD
The boiling point of Freon-12 Cclsub2Fsub2: - 40 ºC
The boiling point of H2O in K is: 373K
The cantilever beam having increasing load toward the fixed end: HAS REACTION EQUAL TO THE LOAD
The center of gravity of an isosceles triangle whose height is on the median line: 2/3H FROM THE VERTEX.
The chemicals added to oil to increase the resistance to oxidation: ADDITIVE
The coefficient of friction for dry surfaces DEPENDS ON THE MATERIALS AND THE FINISH CONDITION OF THE SURFACES.
The date of RA 8495 finally passed by the senate on: FEBRUARY 3, 1998
The decrease in value of property due to passage of time: DEPRECIATION
The difference bet the book value and the actual lower resale value is: SUNK COST
The digits of a measurement w/c a scientist reads and estimates on a scale are called: SIGNIFICANT FIGURES
The dimension of “acceleration x mass” is the same as that of: WEIGHT
The economic order quantity w/c minimizes the inventory cost per unit time. W/c of the ff is not an assumption of the basic EOQ with no
shortages: THERE IS NO UPPER BOUND ON THE QUATITY ORDERED.
The energy that changes the phase of a substance: LATENT
2 2
The equation 9x + 16y + 54x – 64y = -1 describes: AN ELLIPSE
2 2
The equation Ax + Bx + Cy +Dy + E = 0 is: ELLIPSE
1.8
The equation PV = constant is: A STRAIGHT LINE ON LOG LOG PAPER
2 2
The equation x + Bx + y + Cy + D = 0 is: CIRCLE
The equation y = a1 + a2x is algebraic expression of: STRAIGHT LINE SINE SERIES
The equilibrium temp that a regular thermometer measures if exposed to atmospheric air is: DRY BULB
The factors to be considered in concrete mixture ratio is: WATER TO CEMENT RATIO
The first derivative of kinetic energy with respect to time is: POWER
The first derivative of kinetics with respect to time is: POWER
The following cost item w/c is common to both fixed & operating cost of an enterprise, is: INTEREST
The form of summary of assets, liabilities and net worth: BALANCE SHEET
The gas fr sludge digestion tanks is mainly composed of: METHANE
The greater unit pressure the soil can continuously withstand: BEARING STRENGTH
The greatest unit pressure the soil can continuously withstand: BEARING STRENGTH
The hardness of steel maybe increased by heating to approximately 1500 ºF and quenching in oil or water if: THE CARBON CONTENT IS FROM
0.2% to 2%
The hardness of water is given in ppm (parts per million, i.e., pounds per million pounds of water) this hardness is: THE TOTAL NO. OF
POUNDS OF CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM BICARBONATE IN THE WATER
The heat transfer in a cooling tower consist of a transfer of heat from water to: UNSATURATED AIR
The highest space in the organizational chart of a corporation is always occupied by: BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The hire of any person to do whatever work he is skilled in doing: LABOR COST
The ideal, reversible carnot cycle involves four basic process. What type of process are they: TWO ISOTHERMAL TWO ISENTROPIC
The impulse and momentum principle is mostly useful for solving problems involving: FORCE, VELOCITY, & TIME
The increase in enthalpy of a substance when it undergoes some phase change at a constant pressure and temperature: HEAT
TRANSFORMATION
The intercept form for algebraic straight line equation is: x/a + y/b = 1
The length of time during w/c the property maybe operated at a profit: ECONOMIC LIFE
The length of time, usually in years, for the cumulative net annual profit to equal the initial investment is called: PAYBACK PERIOD
The level of oil in an engine cylinder should be checked when engine is: NOT RUNNING
The logarithm of a negative no: IMAGINARY NO.
The loss of weight of body submerged in a fluid is: EQUAL TO THE WEIGHT OF FLUID DISPLACED
The machines should be placed on new foundation until ____ days have elapsed depending upon the volume of the foundation: 7 TO 10
The maximum capacity that a certified plant mechanic is authorized to handle: 300 hp
The maximum horsepower rating of a mechanical works is plant that can be tended or operated by a CPM is: 300 hp
The minimum grade of mechanical that can handle more than 2000kw is: PME
4
The moment of inertia of a section 2” wide x 2’ high about an axis 1’ above the bottom edge of the section is: 2304 in
The national Association for mechanical Engineers accredited by the PRC: PSME
The new mech’l eng’g law w/c was signed last Feb. 12, 1998 is known as: RA 8495
The number of board feet in a plank 3 in. thick, 1 foot wide 20 feet length is: 60 BOARD FEET
-9
The numerical prefixes of 1 x 10 is: NANO
The only country that recognizes the mechanical engineering license of Filipino issued by the PRC and allowed to use the license in their
country is: NONE OF THESE
The path of projectile is a: PARABOLA
The percent of total solids in most domestic sewage is approximately: 0.1
The peso amount as earned from investment or project is called: ROI
The phenomenon by w/c the air enters a submerged suction pipe from the water surface is called: VORTEX
The power output of the engine is increased through: SUPER CHARGING
The PRC accredited national for mechanical engineers: PSME
The present worth of all depreciation over the economic life of item is called: DEPRECIATION RECOVERY
The pressure reading of 35 psi in KPA is: 342.72
The property of circuit or circuit element to impede current flow: RESISTANCE
The PSME code 1993 defines the five grades of commercial fuel oil. It also provides specifications for underground and above ground oil
storage tank, such as for a max tank capacity of 1100 gallons the thickness of metal shall be: NO. 12 GAUGES
The purpose of multi-stage compression: ALL OF THE ABOVE
The quality of substance is: FRACTION OF VAPOR OVER TOTAL MASS
The radius of circle inscribed in a triangle with sides of 5,7 and 10 is:1.477
The rate of emission of radiant energy for that body to the rate of emission for a perfect black body the same conditions: EMISSIVITY
The rate of heat conduction in a certain direction is proportional to the temperature gradient in that direction. This law is known as:
FOURIER’S LAW
The ratio bet the average Load and the total available capacity: CAPACITY FACTOR
The ratio bet average demand and maximum demand. LOAD FACTOR
The ratio of annual revenues to the annual expenses: BENIFIT-TO-COST RATIO
The ratio of heat removed to work of compression: COP
The ratio of maximum power demand and connected load: DEMAND FACTOR
The ratio of the weight of water vapour mixed with kg of dry air to the weight of saturated vapour @ the same temperature mixed with kg of dry
air: SATURATION RATIO
The second law of thermodynamic states that: HEAT ENERGY CANNOT BE COMPLETELY TRANSFORMED INTO WORK
The series of equal payments at equal interval of time: ANNUITY
The SI unit for temperature is: K
The side opposite the right angle of a right triangle is: HYPOTENUSE
The source of the power w/c acts as the prime mover for the generator, with horsepower ranging from 100 -5000: DISEL ENGINE
The standard acceleration due to gravity (English unit): 32.2 ft/sec²
The standard acceleration due to gravity, g is equal to: 35.30 km/hr/sec
The stroke whereby burned gases are discharge through the upward movement of the piston in a valve of an ICE is open: EXHAUST STROKE
The studies of properties and behaviour of atmospheric air is known as: PSYCHROMETRICS
The study of motion without reference to the forces w/c causes motion is known: KINETICS
The study of the properties and behaviour of atmospheric air is: PYSCHROMETRICS
The sum of squares of the sine and cosine of angle: 1
The sum of the distances from the two foci to any point in a/an ____ is a: ELLIPSE
The sum of the sides of the polygon: PERIMETER
The sums of three types of energy at any pt in the system: BERNOULLIS THEOREM
The system of refrigeration w/c uses heat energy to change the condition require in a refrigeration cycle: ABSORPTION REFRIGERATION
The system is said to be in Thermodynamic equilibrium: WHEN THERE IS NO TENDENCY TOWRDS SPONTANEOUS CHANGE
The temp of the air with humidity of 55- 60%, to be used for comfort cooling shall be maintained at: 20 - 23.3 degree C
The temperature of air that has gone through an adiabatic saturation process: WET BULB TEMP
The top most ring piston is: COMPRESSION RING
The total income equals the operating cost: BREAK EVEN-NO GAIN-NO LOST
The transmission of heat from a hot body to a cold body by electromagnetic waves is called: RADIATION
The types of cooler extensively used for medium and large size diesel engines: RADIATOR COOLER
The use of carbon in steel is: INCREASE IN HARDNESS
The velocity of an object divided by the velocity of sound is called: MACH NUMBER
The velocity of the fluid in the throat of a properly designed convergent/divergent nozzle will be: LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO MACH 1
The volume of circular cylinder is equal to the product of its base and altitudes: THEOREM
The worth of property w/c is equal to the original cost less depreciation: BOOK VALUE
This form of business ownership is a legal entity possessing of many legal powers of individuals. It can hold title to property, sue and be used
in its own name. It is called: CORPORATION
This has been defined as the spontaneous disintegration of atoms accompanied by emission of rays: FISSION
Those funds that are required to make the enterprise or project a going concern: WORKING CAPITAL
Time of doing work: POWER
To be qualified to become a member of the board of mechanical engineering, the minimum age is: 35
To comply the requirement of the Mechl Eng’g Law on the min compliment of Mechl Engrs, a mechl plant with a combined prime movers of 373
KW have in its employ the ff: 1 RME AND 2 CPM
Turbojet engine thrust produced by: THE THRUST REACTION OF THE TURBINE BLADING
Two chemical elements hydrogen and oxygen join together. The atomic no. of hydrogen is 1, while the oxygen is 8, approximately weight are
given as (1) for hydrogen and (16) for oxygen. The sum of atomic no are given as 10 for each molecule. How many of each kind of atom are
included in the molecule: H2O
Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one arc are equal respectively to two angles and the included side of the
other: THEOREM
Type of organization where assistants to the executives are appointed to attend to staff functions: LINE AND STAFF
Type of ownership in business where individual exercise and enjoy rights in their own interest: PRIVATE
(U + PV) is a quantity called: ENTHALPY

Uncontrollable event that cannot be foreseen by or not prevented by human: FORCE MAJORE
Used as guide to select the most efficient centrifugal pump: SPECIFIC SPEED
Volumes become stable if it is acted by a force: DIRECTLY AT THE CENTROID
Water columns are usually designed for measuring small pressure above or below atmospheric pressure. They can be used for pressure in air
ducts, gas lines and the like. The pressure measuring devices are called: PRESSURE GAUGE
W/c is not qualification of an applicant for ME board examination: HE MUST BE A CPM
W/c of the ff is not basic component of a fluid element: TWIST
W/c of the ff is not true regarding the clasius boundary layer solution: IT IS VALID ONLY FOR POTENTIAL FLOW
W/c of the ff is the basis of the Bernoulli’s law of fluid flow: THE PRINCIPLE OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY
W/c of the ff method is most suited in evaluating/comparing alternatives with different (finite) lives: UNIFORM ANNUAL COST METHOD
W/c of the ff statement is false: LOW ALLOY STEEL ARE USED IN THE HEAT TREATED CONDITION
W/c of the four does not belong to the group: CLASS D FIRE – FIRE CAUSE BY LPG
W/c of the process where work done is zero: ISOMETRIC
What ascertains the effectiveness and size of a condenser: HEAT TRANSFER
2 2
What conic section is represented by x – 4 y + 8x + 4y = 15: HYPERBOLA
3
What happens to volume if foundation is m /KW: GREATER ON LOW SPEED ENGINE
What is annuity: A SERIES OF SINGLE PAYMENT AT EQUAL INTERVAL OF TIME PERIODS
What is pour point: IT WILL FLOW FREELY
What is the acid test ratio: THE RATIO OF CURRENT ASSETS (EXCLUSIVE OF INVENTORY) TO TOTAL CURRENT LIABILITIES
What is the article 3 of RA 8495: EXAMINATION, REGISTRATION AND LICENSE
What is the color of steam pipe: SILVER GRAY
What is the curve generated by a point rotating about its axis while travelling at constant speed parallel to its axis: HELIX
What is the English unit of gravitational attraction constant: 1.0313x10^-2 slug-ft^2/lb^2
What is the equivalent of 1 hp: 33,000 ft-lb/min
What is the expression for the heat of vaporization: hsubg - hsubf
What is the gauge use to measure 0.001 to 1 atm pressure: MERCURY MANOMETER
What is the latent heat of fusion required to turn ice to liquid: 334 kJ/kg
What is the law applied to the mass flow of fluid: LAW OF CONSERVATION OF MASS
What is the name of a vector that represent the sum of two vectors: RESULTANT
What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in flow system: FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
What is the standard temperature in the US: FARENHEIT
What is the temperature at w/c water freezes using Kelvin scale: -273
What is the value of the work done for a closed, reversible, isometric system: ZERO
What is the work in process classified as: AN ASSET
What is true about water as reference temperature when /if enthalpy is zero: INTERNAL ENERGY IS NEGATIVE
What is work in process: ASSET
What kind of properties in real numbers is a + (a+b) = (a+b) + c: ASSOCIATIVE
What type of curve is generated by a point w/c moves in uniform circular motion about an axis, while travelling at a constant speed, v, parallel
to the axis: HELIX
When a thin bore, hollow glass tube is inserted into a container of mercury, the surface of mercury in the tube: IS BELOW THE CONTAINER
SURFACE DUE TO COHESION
When diesel engine shift up and down it is: RACKING
When t = 0 it decreases the exponential growth, gradient, diminish: PHANTOM VALUE
When using net present worth calculation to compare two projects, w/c of the ff could invalidate the calculations: EVALUATION OVER
DIFFERENT TIME PERIODS
When using net present worth calculations two compare two projects, w/c of the ff could invalidate the calculation: EVALUATION OVER
DIFFERENT PERIODS
When vane control is used for mechl draft fans and where a wide load range is required, it is advisable to use a: TWO SPEED DRIVE MOTOR
Where ground water are used for feedwater, water hardness of 0 - 10 ppm shall be considered and alkalinity of: PH 10 to PH 11
Which is a family of halogen: FLOURINE
Which of the ff establishes ethical behavior among professionals: HIPPOCRATIC OATH
Which of the ff methods is most suited in evaluating/comparing alternatives with different (finite) lives: UNIFORM ANNUAL COST METHOD
Which of the ff statements is true for the equation 8y=e-2x – 10y – 2y” ; y(0) = 1 ; y’(0)= -3/2: THE COMPLETE SOLUTION TO THE EQUATION
WILL BE THE SUM OF A COMPLEMENTARY SOLUTION AND A PARTICULAR SOLUTION
Which of the ff terms is not related to ethics: PROFITABILITY
Which of the ff contains only items which are considered fixed charges: INTEREST, TAXES, AMORTIZATION, INSURANCE, RENT
Which of the following is not applicable to section 15 of RA 8495: HE MUST HAVE TWO YEARS OF ACTIVE PRACTICE
Which of the ff rules does not apply to a parallel circuit: THE TOTAL RESISTANCE IS THE SUM OF THE INDIVIDUAL RESISTOR
Which of the statement is not true in a simple parallel circuit with only one active source and three resistive loads: R1, R2 and R3: THE
EQUIVALENT RESISTANCE IS THE SUM OF THE RECIPROCALS OF THE INDIVIDUAL RESISTANCE
Which of the statement is true: THEORITICALLY ENTROPY MAYBE ZERO AT A LOW ENOUGH TEMPERATURE
Whistle blowing is the best described as calling public attention to: SECRET ILLEGAL BEHAVIOR BY EMPLOYER
Why is competitive bidding often considered to be counterproductive: A DESIGN PROFESSIONAL WHO REDUCES THE FINAL COST IN
ORDER TO BE COMPETITIVE MAY CUT DOWN THE DESIGN STEPS
With regards to corrosion of metals, passivation is the process that: INHIBITS FURTHER DETERIORATION
Work of property as shown on the accounting of an enterprise: BOOK VALUE
Worth of the property as shown in the accounting records of the enterprise: BOOK VALUE
MATH ELEMENTS PAST BOARD
2 2
2
1 + tan is: sec²
MACHINE (EDM)
MANOMETER
BOILER

STATEMENTS
LIABILITIES
2 2
2
-2
SPIRIT LEVEL
2
2 2 2
MPE
LOAD CAPACITY
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
psig
LICENSE
-12
2 2
2 2
1.8
2 2
0.2% to 2%
TRANSFORMATION
4
-9
FOURIER’S LAW
other: THEOREM

2 2
3
What type of curve is generated by a point w/c moves in uniform circular motion about an axis,
while travelling at a constant speed, v, parallel to the axis: HELIX
DIFFERENT PERIODS
Here are the answers to the questions on Mathematics Terminologies posted last August 11, 2010.
1. The _____of a number are numbers that when multiplied with each other gives the value of the number.. Factors
2. The _____ of a set of numbers is the smallest whole number factor that is common to all of them.
Least Common Multiple
3. In the algebraic expression X-2, what is the minuend?

B. 2
4. What mathematical property is demonstrated by this equation: a (b+c) = ab+ac?

C. Distributive property
5. In ratio and proportion, the first and last terms in a proportion are called _______.
B. Extremes
6. The rectangular coordinate system is also known as

A. Cartesian Coordinate system
7. It is a series of numbers in which each consecutive term differs from the preceding one by a fixed amount
D. Arithmetic progression
8. Which of the following should be used in calculating the volume of the revolution of an area?
A. Pappus Rule
B. Guldinus Rule
9. Which of the following is used in determining the area of an irregular shape?

D. Simpson’s Rule
10. It is a general formula used to find the volume of any prism, pyramid or frustum of a pyramid.
C. Prismoidal Formula

2 2
2
1 + tan is: sec²
MACHINE (EDM)
MANOMETER
BOILER

STATEMENTS
LIABILITIES
2 2
2
-2
SPIRIT LEVEL
2

2 2 2
MPE
LOAD CAPACITY
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
psig
LICENSE
-12
2 2
2 2
1.8
2 2
0.2% to 2%
TRANSFORMATION
4
-9
FOURIER’S LAW
other: THEOREM

2 2
3
What type of curve is generated by a point w/c moves in uniform circular motion about an axis, while travelling at a constant speed, v, parallel
to the axis: HELIX
DIFFERENT PERIODS
MATH ELEMENTS PAST BOARD
2 2
2
1 + tan is: sec²
MACHINE (EDM)
MANOMETER
BOILER

STATEMENTS
LIABILITIES
2 2
2
-2
SPIRIT LEVEL
2

2 2 2
MPE
LOAD CAPACITY
LIQUIDATED DAMAGES
psig
LICENSE
-12
2 2
2 2
1.8
2 2
0.2% to 2%
TRANSFORMATION
4
-9
FOURIER’S LAW
other: THEOREM

2 2
3
What type of curve is generated by a point w/c moves in uniform circular motion about an axis,
while travelling at a constant speed, v, parallel to the axis: HELIX
DIFFERENT PERIODS
second
Here are the answers to the questions on Mathematics Terminologies posted last August 11, 2010.
1. The _____of a number are numbers that when multiplied with each other gives the value of the number.. Factors
Least Common Multiple

B. 2

B. Extremes

A. Pappus Rule
B. Guldinus Rule

D. Simpson’s Rule
10. It is a general formula used to find the volume of any prism, pyramid or frustum of a pyramid.
C. Prismoidal Formula
ENGINEERING ECONOMICS
DICTIONARY
ACCOUNTING - the process o f recording a It t he t ransacnons o f the company which affect any investment of capital. so that at any urne the
results of the investment may be known.
ACCOUNTING PROFIT - total revenue minus explicit costs.
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE TURNOVER - time required to collect accounts receivable.

- the ratio of Net Creoit Sales over Balances of Accounts
Receivable
ACID TEST RATIO - a more rigorous measurement of the
company's ability to service short-term debt. Also called an index of short term paying ability.
- the ratio of Current Assets - (Inventories & Prepaid
Expenses) over current liabilities.
ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES - operating expenses incurred in

the overall management of a business, such as administrative
salaries, rent and utilities on administrative building, insurance
expenses, administrative supplies used, and depreciation of office
equipment
AGGREGATE DEMAND - the value of all planned expenditures

AGGREGATE DEMAND CURVE - a graph showing the
relationship between the price level and the total level of real planned expenditures
AGGREGATE SUPPLY - the value of all goods and services produced in the economy: a synonym for national product.
AGGREGATE SUPPLY CURVE - a graph showing the

relationship between the price level and the real output (real
national product) supplied by the economy.
AMORTIZATION - payment of debt by installment usually by equal amounts and at equal intervals of time.
ANNUITY - a series of equal payments occurring at equal intervals of time.
ANNUITY DUE - type of annuity in which the payments occur at the beginning of each period
ANTITRUST LAWS - a set of laws, including the Sharman Act and the Clayton Act, that seek to control market structure and the competitive
behavior of firms.
BOND - certificate of indebtedness of a corporation usually for a
period of not less than 10 years and guaranteed by a mortgage on
D-2 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY certain assets of the corporation or its subsidiaries. '
- a promise, given i n return for borrowed funds. t o make a fixed
APPRAISAL (VALUATION) - the process of determining the annual or semiannual payment over a set number of years
value or worth of a physical property for specific reasons. plus a larger final payment equal to the amount borrowed.
APPRECIATION (of a currency) - an increase ::; the value of BOOK VALUE - the worth of a property as shown in the
country's currency relative to another's. accounting records of an enterprise
ARBITRAGE - the activity of earning a profit by buying something
at a l ow, p rice i n o ne m arket a nd reselling i t a t a higher price i n
another. BOOKKEEPING - the syster-r.etic recording of all business
ARITHMETIC UNIFORM GRADIENT - is a sequence consisting o.1 transactions in financial terms.
end-of-period payments. where each payment increases or
decreases by a constant BREAK-EVEN POINT - the value of a certain vanable for which
ASSETS - things of value that are possessed by an individual or the costs of two alternatives are equal
businesslike cash, land. buildings, equipment, etc
a work-in process is classified as an asset.
all the things to which a firm or household holds legal claim BREAK EVEN - NO GAIN NO LOSS - the total income equals the total
ASSET TURNOVER - the ratio of Rate of Return on Total Assets over operating cost
Rate of Return on Sales
AUTONOMOUS - refers to an expenditure that is independent of the BUDGET L1NE - a line showing the various combinations of goods
level of real national income. a-d services that can be purchased at given prices within a given
AUTONOMOUS CONSUMPTION - the part of total consumption :,,udget.
expenditure that is independent of the level of disposable inane.
AUTONOMOUS NET TAXES - taxes or transfer payments that do not BUSINESS CYCLE - a pattern of alternating economic growth and
vary with the level of national income Contrtiacon:
BALANCE SHEET - accounting record which shows assets,
liabilities, and net worth of a business. CAPITAL - all means of production that are created by people.
a financial statement showing a firm or household's ass- :;eluding tools, industrial equipment, and structures.
liabilities, and net worth.
BARRIER TO ENTRY - any factor that prevents a new firm in market CAPITAL ACCOUNT - the section of a country's international
from competing on an equal footing with existing ones accounts that consists of purchases and sales of assets and
BASE YEAR - the year chosen as a basis for comparison in international borrowing and lending.
calculating a price index or price level.
CAPITAL ACCOUNT BALANCE - the value of net private capital
BENEFIT-TO-COST RATIO - the ratio of the annual revenues to inflows less the value of net private capital outflows.
the annual expenses.
CAPITAL ACCOUNT NET DEMAND CURVE - a graph that
BID BULLETIN - additional information of prospective bidders on shows the ret demand for a country s. currency that results at
contract documents issued prior to bidding date. various exchange rates from capital account transactions
BILATERAL MONOPOLY - a market situation in which both the buyer
and the seller have some monopoly or monopsony power and neither CAPITAL INFLOWS - borrowing from foreign intermediaries and
behaves as a price taker. funds earned through sales of real or financial assets to foreign
buyers.
CAPITAL OUTFLOWS - lending to foreign borrowers and funds used
to purchase real or financiaf assets from foreign sellers.
CAPITALISM - an economic system in which control of business

ECONOMICS DICTIONARY D-3 firms rests with the owners of capital.
CAPITALIZED COST - the sum of the first Cost and the present
worth of all Cost of replacement, operation and mainte n- n ce f-
long time.
ECONOMICS DICTIONARY D-5
D-4 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY
CAPITALIZED VALUE OF A R ENT - the sum that would earn CONSUMER EQUILIBRIUM - a state of affairs in which a
annual interest equal to the annual rent if it were invested at the consumer Cannot increase the total utility gained form a given
current market rate of interest. budget by spending less on one good and more on another.
CONSUMER PRICE INDEX - a price index based on the market
CARTEL - a group of producers that jointly maximize profits by basket of goods and services purchased by a typical urban
fixing prices and limiting output. household.
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM - a graphical representation of cash flows
drawn on a time scale. CONSUMER SOVEREIGNTY - a system under which consumers
CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD - the highest position in the determine which goods and services will be produced by means of
corporation what they decide to buy or not to buy.
CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE - the sum of the employed and' the CONSUMER S URPLUS - the difference between the maximum that a
unemployed: excludes members of the armed forces on active consumer would be willing to pay for a unit of a good and the
du'y amount that he or she actually pays.
CLOSED ECONOMY - an economy having no links to the rest o' the CONSUMPTION SCHEDULE - a graph that shows how real
world consumption expenditure vanes as real disposable income
COLLATERAL BOND - type of bond in which the security behind are changes, other things being equal.
the assets of a well known subsidiary.
COMMERCIAL BANKS - financial intermediaries that provide a broad CONTESTABLE MARKET - a market in which barriers to entry and
range of banking services, including accepting demand exit are low.
deposits and making commercial loans.
COMMON PROPERTY - property to which all members of a CONTRACT - legally binding agreement or promise to exchange
community have open access. goods or services.
COMMON STOCK - a certificate of part ownership in a corporation COPYRIGHT - an exclusive right granted by the government to
that gives the owner a vote in the selection of the firm's directors and protect the production and sale of literacy or artistic works during
the right to a share of dividends the lifetime of the author.
COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE - the ability to produce a good or CORPORATION - a distinct legal entity which can practically
service at a lower opportunity cost than another person or country. transact any business transaction which a real person could do.
COMPLEMENTS - a pair of goods for which an increase in the price of - a firm that takes the form of an independent legal entity with
one results in a decrease.in demand for the other. ownership divided into equal shares and each owner's liability
;imited to his or her investment in the firm
COMPOUND INTEREST - interest in computed on top of interest COST ACCOUNTING - the determination of the cost of producing a
- when simple interest that is due is not paid , the amount is added to product or rendering a service.
t ne i nterest-bearing principal, the interest c alcuiated o n this new COST OF GOODS SOLD - the major expense in merchandising
principal is called compound interest. companies-
CONCENTRATION RATIO - the percentage DI .all sales that is . Beginning Inventory + Net Cost of Purchases - Ending
accounted for by the four or eight largest firms in a market Inventory
CONGLOMERATE MERGER - a merger between firms 10
unrelated markets. COST-PUSH INFLATION - inflation that is caused by an upward shift
in the aggregate supply curve while the aggregate demand curve
remains fixed or shifts upward more slowly
COUPON - a document that shows proof of legal ownership of a
financial security.
CRAFT UNION - a u neon o f s killed workers who all practice the

same trade.
D-6 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY ECONOMICS DICTIONARY D-7
CREDIT - accounting entry where payments received are DEPLETION - the decrease in value of property due to the
recorded gradual 'extraction of its contents. such as mining properties, oil
wells. timber lands and other consumable resources
CURRENCY - coins and paper money.
CURRENT ACCOUNT - the section of a country's international DEPOSITORY INSTITUTIONS - financial intermediaries. including
accounts that consists of imports, exports, and unilateral transfers. commercial banks and thrift institutions, that accept deposits from
he public.
CURRENT ASSETS - cash and goods that can readily converted to cash
during the accounting period. DEPRECIATION - t he decrease i n value o 1 a p hysical property
- liquid assets such as cash and other assets that can be due to the passage of time. An artificial expenses that spreads the
converted quickly into cash. such as accounts receivable and purchase price of an asset or another property over a number of
merchandise. years.
CURRENT ASSET TURNOVER - the ratio of Cost of Goods Sold DEPRECIATION (of a currency) - a decline in the value of a
and Expenses over Current Assets country's currency relative to another's
CURRENT LIABILITIES - liabilities that must be paid within the
accounting period DEPRECIATION RECOVERY - the present worth of all
depreciation over the economic life of the item
CURRENT RATIO - the ratio of current assets to current liabilities. DIRECT FINANCING - the process of raising investment funds
- general ability of a company to meet its short term irectly from savers.
indebtedness.
DEBENTURE BOND - type of bond in which there is no security behind
DISCOUNT RATE - the interest rate the fed charges on loans of
except a promise to pay.
eserves to bank.
DEBIT - accounting entry where debts are recorded.
DISCOUNTING - the procedure by which the present value of a sum
DEFERRED ANNUITY - type of annuity in which the first payment
payable in the future is calculated.
occurs later than at the end of the first period.
DISPOSABLE PERSONAL INCOME - personal income less
DEFICIT - net losses in excess of retained earnings which are
personal taxes.
deductions in the owners equity.
DIVIDEND - the amount of company's profits that the board of
DEFLATION - increase in the purchasing power of money due to
directors of the corporation decides to distribute to ordinary
decrease in prices of commodities.
shareholders.
- reduction in the level of national income and output usually
accompanied by the fall in the general price level.
DYNAMIC EFFICIENCY - the ability of an economy to increase
consumer satisfaction through growth and innovation.
DEMAND - the quantity of a certain commodity that is bought at a
certain price at a given place and time.
ECONOMIC LIFE - the length of time at which a property can be
operated at a profit.
DEMAND CURVE - a graphical representation of the relationship
between the price of a good and the quantity of it that buyers
ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY (EOQ) - the order quantity which
demand.
•ninimizes the inventory cost per unit time.
DEMAND-PULL INFLATION - an increase in the price level
EFFECTIVE RATE - the actual rate of interest on the principal for
caused by an increase of aggregate demand relative to natural real
one years.
Output
ENGINEERING ECONOMICS - the study of the cost factors
:nvotved in engineering projects, and using the results of such
study in employing the most efficient cost-saving techniques
without affecting the safety and soundness of the project.
D-8 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY ECONOMICS DICTIONARY D-9
ESCALATORY CLAUSE. a provision. in the contract that IMPORT TARIFF - tax on imported products. or goods.
indicates the possible adjustment of material cost and labor cost. INCOME
EQUITY - claim to ownership: the, value oTa property after - the value of personal and professional services
deducting any charges which it is liable. rendered or of goods sold-in the operation of the business.
EXPENSE - the cost of producing income or revenue, or the value INCOME STATEMENT - accounting record which shows the profit
of commodities and services needed in the operation of the or loss of a business during an accounting period.
business.
FAIR VALUE - the worth of a property.. as. determined by a INFLATION - decrease in the value of currency due to increase in
disinterested party which is fair to both seller and buyer. the prices of goods and services.
FEATHERBEDDING - a situation whereby payment is made for
work not done. The term also applies to the case 'where more INTANGIBLE ASSETS - assets that lack physical substance but
workers are used than are a reasonable requirement for efficient consists of valuable rights, privileges, or advantages; examples are
operation. patents, franchise, organizational expense and goodwill.
FIRST COST - the total amount invested on the property until the
property is put into operation. INTEREST - money paid for the use of borrowed money.
FIXED ASSETS - goods and other properties which cannot- be
converted into cash during the accounting period. INVESTMENT - funds in cash or security from held for income
FIXED CAPITAL - part of the investment which is required to acquire or producing purpose.
set up the business. - the sum total of first cost and working capital which is being put
FIXED LIABILITIES - liabiiities that are not.due for payment during the up in a project with the aim of getting a profit.
accounting period.
FRANCHISE - permit granted to a business to handle. a given INVENTORY TURNOVER - the ratio of Cost of Materials used during
product or to operate within a given territory or along a certain rule. the year over Average Investment in Materials.
FUNCTIONAL DEPRECIATION type of depreciation caused by
the lessening in the demand for which the property is designed to JOURNAL - accounting record or book in which transactions are
render, such as obsolescence and inadequacy. first recorded with accompanying information. as to debiting and
crediting particular accounts. '
GEOMETRIC UNIFORM GRADIENT - is a sequence consisting of end-
of-period payments, where each payment increases or LAW OF DIMINISHING RETURNS - "When the use of one of the
decreases by a percentage. factors of production is limited , either in increasing cost or. by
absolute quantity, a point will be reached beyond which an
GOODWILL - factor in business which causes a company to earn increase in the variable factors will result in a less than
a higher than normal rate of return due to the managerial skill, proportionate increase in output."
popular acceptance of the products or some other favorabie
circumstances. LAW OF SUPPLY AND DEMAND - "Under conditions of perfect
GROSS MARGIN OR GROSS PROFIT - the excess of net sales over competition, the price of a product will be such that the supply and
cost of goods sold. demand are equal."
GROSS MARGIN RATE OR GROSS PROFIT RATE gross
margin or gross profit over net sales. LEDGER - accounting book in which are recorded the credits and
debits of commercial transactions.
GRATUITOUS - kind of obligation which has no condition
attached. LIABILITIES - claims of others o n the a ssets such as debts or
accounts payable.
LUXURY - it is defined to be the capacity of a commodity to

satisfy human want.
MARGINAL COST - the additional cost of producing one more unit

of a commodity.
MARGINAL REVENUE - the amount receive from the sale of an

additional unit of a commodity.
D-10 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY
OPERATING REVENUES - revenues generated by the major
MARKET - the place where buyers and sellers come together. activities of the business, usually the sates of products or
services
MARKET VALUE - the price that will be paid by a willing buyer to a willing or both.
seller for a property where each has equal advantage and ORDINARY ANNUITY - type of annuity in which payments occur
is under no compulsion to buy or sell. at the end of each period.
MONOPOLY - a business condition in which a unique product or service ORGANIZATIONAL EXPENSE - certain costs such as the initial
is available from one supplier and that supplier can prevent incorporation fee and the cost of legal services in connection
the entry of all others into the market. with the formation of the corporation.
OVERHEAD EXPENSES - consists of those expenses which
MONOPSONY - a market whereby there is only one buyer of an cannot be allocated to direct materials or direct labor,
item for which there are no goods substitute. OWNERSHIP - it represents the investment of a person or several
persons in the enterprise.
MORTGAGE BOND - type of bond in which the security behind PAR VALUE OF A BOND (FACE VALUE) - the amount that
are the assets of the corporation appears on the bond which is the price at which the bond is first
bought
NECESSITIES - these are products or services that are required PARTNERSHIP - type of ownership in business which is an
to support human life and activities, that will be purchased in association of two or more individuals for the purpose of
somewhat the same quantity even though the price varies operating a business as co-owners of a profit.
considerably PATENT - exclusive privilege to use a certain process in
manufacturing.
NET INCOME - Net Income from Operations . + Non-operating Revenues -
Non-Operating Expenses PAYOUT PERIOD - length of time the investment can be
recovered
NET INCOME FROM 'OPERATIONS - Gross Margin less PERFECT COMPETITION - a business condition in which a
Operating Expenses product or service is supplied by a number of vendors and there
is no restriction against additional vendors entering the market.
NET COST OF PURCHASES - Net Purchases + Transportation PERPETUITY - an annuity that continues indefinitely. A series of
uniform accounts over an infinite period of time.
NET PURCHASES - Purchases - (Purchase Discounts + PHYSICAL DEPRECIATION - type of depreciation caused by the
Purchase Returns and Allowances) lessening of the physical "ability of the property to produce
NET SALES - Gross S ales - (Sales Discounts + S ales R etums and results, such as physical damage, wear and tear.
Allowances) PHYSICAL INVENTORY - consists of the actual counting or
determination of the actual quantity of the materials on hand as
NON-OPERATING EXPENSES (OTHER EXPENSES) - expenses of a given date.
not relatec to the acquisition and sale of the products or services PREPAID EXPENSE - payments of goods or services before they
regularly offered for sale: example is interest incurred on money are delivered or rendered.
borrowed by the company. PREPAID INCOME - payment received before the goods or
services are delivered or rendered.
NON-OPERATING REVENUES (OTHER REVENUES) - revenues not
related to the sale of products or services regularly offered for sale by a
business: example is interest that a business earns on
noted receivable.
OLIGOPOLY - a condition in which there are so few suppliers of a product

o r service t hat action b y one w ill almost result i n similar action by the
others.
OPERATING EXPENSES - expenses other than cost of goods
sold incurred in the normal business functions of a company.
ENGINEERING ECONOMY
ENGINEERING – practical application of scientific and mathematical principles.
ECONOMICS – a social science dealing with the study of the production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services.
ENGINEERING ECONOMY – the analysis and evaluation of the factors involved in engineering projects to the end a recommendation can be
made which will ensure the best use of capital without affecting the safety and soundness of the project.
MONEY-INTEREST-TIME RELATIONSHIP (MIT Relationship)
INTEREST – the amount of money paid for the use of borrowed capital.
– the income produced by money which has been loaned.
1. SIMPLE INTERSET – the interest calculated based on the capital only.
I = Pin
F=P+I
= P + Pin
= P (1 + in)
where, I = interest earned

P = principal or present worth
F = accumulated amount or future worth
i = rate of interest per interest period
n = no. of interest periods
TYPES OF SIMPLE INTEREST:
Ordinary Simple Interest – based on the banker’s year
1 mo. = 30 days
1 yr. = 12 months
= 360 days
Exact Simple Interest – based on the exact no. of days
1 common year = 365 days
1 leap year = 366 days
CASH FLOW DIAGRAMS – simply a graphical representation of cash flows drawn on a time scale.
- RECEIPT (Positive cash-flow or cash inflow)
- DISBURSEMENT (Negative cash-flow of cash outflow)
LENDER
F = Php150.00
0___1____2____3____4____5 years
P = Php100.00
b. BORROWER
P = Php100.00
0___1____2____3____4____5 years
F = Php150.00
2. COMPOUND INTEREST – means “interest on top of interest”
Cash-Flow Diagram:
P = Present Worth
0____1____2____3____4____5____n-1____n years
F = Future Worth
n
F = P (1 + i)
where:
n
(1+i) means “single payment compound amount factor”, with functional symbol (F/P, i%, n)
-n
P = F (1+i)
where:
-n
(1+i) means “single payment present worth factor”, with functional symbol (P/F, i%, n)
Thus,
F = P (F/P, i%, n)
P = F (P/F, i%, n)
Also,
n = ln (F/P)
ln (1+i)
1/n
i = (F/P) -1
Simplified Form:
nxm
F = P (1 + r/m)
where:
m = compounded period or no. of interest periods per year
nxm = no. of interest periods in n years
r = nominal rate of interest per year
r/m = i = rate of interest per period
RATES OF INTEREST
Nominal Rate of Interest – specifies the rate of interest and the no. of interest periods in one year.
Ex.
If the nominal rate of interest is 10% compounded quarterly, then
i = r/m = 10%/4 = 2.5%, the rate of interest per period.
We say,
10% is the nominal rate of interest or annual percentage rate (APR)
Effective Rate of Interest – the actual rate of interest on the principal for one year.
Ex.
4
If Php 1.00 is invested at a nominal rate of 10% compounded quarterly, after one year this will become, 1 (1 + 0.025) = 1.1038.
The actual interest earned for one year is Php 0.1038, therefore, the rate of interest is 10.38%
Thus,
n1 m
Effective annual rate of interest, ia = F1 – 1 = 1 (1 + i) – 1 = (1 + r/m) – 1
Where,
F1 = the amount Php 1.00 will be after 1 year

n1 = m = no. of interest periods in one year
i = r/m = rate of interest per period
ANNUITIES – series of equal payments occurring at equal intervals of time.
APPLICATIONS OF ANNUTIES:
a. Installment purchase
b. Depreciation
c. Amortization of loan
d. Payment of insurance premiums
TYPES OF ANNUTIES:
1. ORDINARY ANNUITY – payments occur at the end of each period.
2. ANNUITY DUE – payments occur at the beginning of each period

st st
3. DEFFERED ANNUITY – 1 payment occurs later than at the end of the 1 period
4. PERPETUITY – is an annuity in which the payments continue indefinitely
SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANING:
P = present worth of the periodic payments
F = future worth of the periodic payments
A = series of periodic payments
n = no. of interest periods
i = interest rate per interest period
1. ORDINARY ANNUITY
Cash – Flow Diagram:

D -12 ECONOMICS DICTIONARY
PRIME COST - direct labor costs incurred in the factory and direct material costs are the costs of all materials that go into production. The sum
of these two direct costs is called Prime Cost.
PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT - a summary oft he income and expenses of the individual or company for a given period.
RATE OF RETURN - net income divided by total capital

RATE OF RETURN ON ASSETS - the ratio of net income over average assets.
RATE OF R ETURN ON C URRENT ASSETS - the ratio of Net Income after Taxes over Current Assets.
RATE OF RETURN PER TURNOVER - the ratio of Net Income after Taxes over Cost of Goods Sold.
RETAINED EARNINGS - accumulated net earning, of. a

corporation (also called reinvested earnings).
SALVAGE. VALUE (RESALE VALUE) - the price of a. property when sold second-hand; also called trade-in value.
estimated value at the end of the useful life.
SCRAP VALUE - the price of a property when sold for junk.

SELLING EXPENSES - operating expenses which are incurred in selling and marketing efforts, such as salaries and commissions of
salesperson, expenses for salespersons travel, delivery.
advertising, rent and utilities on sales building, sates supplies used. and depreciation of equipment used in sales.
SIMPLE INTEREST - t he interest paid o n the principal ('money lent) only.
SINGLE PROPRIETORSHIP (INDIVIDUAL OWNERSHIP) - type of ownership in business where individuals exercise and enjoy rights in their
own interest. Also called Private Ownership.
STOCK - certificate of ownership of a corporation.

SUNK COST - an amount which has been spent and for some reasons cannot be recovered.
SUPPLY - the quantity of a certain commodity that Is offered for sale at a certain price at a given place and time.
SURPLUS - excess quantity supplied.

TORT - an evil wrong committed by a person damaged another person's property or reputation.
Y2003 – 2004 Saudi Arabia Board Exam questions: (as compiled by Engr. Dante Plando)
MACHINE DESIGN:
1. SAE 1020 – Designates carbon steel frequently used for welded tubes, fan blades & frame members
2. Tool signatures comprises of “4 elements”
3. Tolerance of investment casting is in the order “0.05 mm”
4. “JOLT” means to shake, bump or push (squeeze)
5. “ARBOR” holds cutting tool in milling machine
6. “CAPATAN Lathe” – can be able to produce small and slender parts
7. “Poison Ratio” – the ratio the lateral strain to longitudinal strain
8. “Cyano – Acrytle” – is for making “adhesive”

2 2
9. 249.8 ft–lb/in = 0.32 BTU/ in
10. Sulphur – improves machining of copper

th 4
11. The unit of Moment of Inertia is “inches to 4 power (in )
12. Heat generated in metal cutting can be conveniently determined by “Infrared Technology”
PPE/IPE
1. Mechanical Brake HP is the actual hp delivered to the engine drive shaft
2. Load Factor – governs Average load & Maximum Load
3. Constant Volume Engineering is “OTTO Cycle”
4. A/F Ratio
2 1
5. Efficiency of Otto Cycle – depends solely on “compression Ratio (V /V )”
6. In 4 stroke diesel engine which stroke expels burned gases? (Point 1, 2, 3, 4) ---- Exhaust Value
7. Which is the power stroke in Diesel engine? (Point 1, 2, 3, 4) ---- Power stroke
8. What Type of flow is Modern “Francis Turbine”?

Ans. Is a stationary & inward flow reaction turbine.
9. Difference between Dry Bulb & Wet Bulb
10. Difference between Water and Brake Power

a) Electrical c) effiency
b) Frictional d) Mech’l Power
11. Brayton cycle, heat is added @ constant (ans. Constant pressure)

a) P c) t
b) V d) s
12. Saturation Temp
13. Dew Point Temperature
14. Low speed Diesel engine maybe started by “compressed air”
15. Diesel engine requires 350 psi to Air Start
16. The pressure outlet end of a reaction turbine is “below Atm. Pressure”
17. The pressure supplied to the turbine is “Frictional”
18. Potential Energy – energy the body because of height above Earth surface
19. Brine – is water + salt at freezing point depression
20. Kaplan Turbine – is a low head axial Flow turbine
21. Isothermal
22. Isobaric
23. Adiabatic
24. Isometric
25. Max HP of a CPM can handle??

a) 300 HP c) 50 HP
b) 400 HP d) 150 HP
VALUE - the present worth of all the luture profits that are to be received through ownership of the property
WORKING CAPITAL - funds that are required to make the
enterprise or project a going concern.
- the amount of money set aside as part of the investment to keep the project or business continuously operating
"ENGINEERING SCIENCE TERMINOLOGIES"
PAST ME-BOARD OBJECTIVE TYPE EXAMINATION - Year `1995 -'98

(Actual. Exam. Came-out in Math/Eco/Ene'g Science)
1) What is the curve generated by a point rotating about its axis while traveling at constant speed
parallel to its axes :
a) helix b) cycloid c) hypocycloid d) spiral Archimedes
2) The two classifications of

pumps :
c) gear and oil pump e) both b & d
a) centrifugal & water turbine
d) reciprocating and rotary
b) submersible and centrifugal
3) The maximum capacity that a Certified Plant Mechanic is authorized to handle:

a) 400 hp b) 150 hp c) 300 hp d) 500 hp
4) The PSME Code 1993 defines the five grades of Commercial Fuel Oil. It also provides
specifications for underground and above ground Oil Storage Tanks, such as for maximum tank
capacity of 1100 gallons , the thickness of metal shall be :
a) No. 14 gage i c) No. 16 gage
b) No. 12 gage d) to be calculated by means of a given formula
5) The bacteria in sewage are mostly :
a) pathogenic b) anaerobic c) saprophytic d) parasitic
6) The gas from sludge digestion tanks is mainly composed of :
a) hydrogen sulfide b) carbon dioxide c) nitrogen d) methane
7) Kinematic viscosity is an SI derived unit described as :
a) watt per meter-deg. Kelvin c) sq-meter per second
b) pascal- second d) Newton- meter
8) The ideal, reversible Carnot cycle involves four basic processes. What type of processes are they ?
a) all isentropic c) all isothermal
b) two adiabatic & two isentropic d) two isothermal and two isentropic
9) What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in flow system ?
a) First Law of Thermodynamics c) Newton's Second Law of Motion
b) Second Law of Thermodynamics d) Newton's First Law of Motion
10) What is the expression for the `heat of vaporization' ?
Where: hsubg = enthalpy of the saturated vapor
hsubf = enthalpy of the saturated liquid
a) hsubr b) hsubg 2
c) h subg d) hsubg - hsubr
11) What is the name for a vector that represents the sum of two vectors ?
a) scalar b) components c) resultant d) tangent
12) The combined process of cooling and humidifying is also known as
a) moisture removal process c) heating and humidifying
b) cooling & evaporation d) evaporative cooling process
13) What do you call of the changing of an atom of an element in an atom of a different element with
different atomic mass ?
a) atomic pile b) atomic energy c) atomization d) atom transmutation
14) The loss of weight of a body submerged in a fluid is :
a) proportional to the weight of the body c) equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
b) proportional to the depth of submergence d) independent of the volume of the body
15) The greatest unit pressure the soil can continuously withstand :
a) yield point b) bearing strength c) ultimate strength d) point of rupture

a) there should be a _ to I ratio length to depth c) temperature is an important factor
b) baffles are essential d) the maximum velocity of flow is 1 ftIsec.
17) One Joule of work is done by a force of One Newton acting through a distance of
a) one meter b) one inch c) a foot d) one cm.
18) A thermodynamic system which undergoes a cyclic process during a positive amount of work is
done by the system :
a) reversed Rankine cycle c) reversible- irreversible process
b) heat pump d) heat engine
19) Ten to the 12th power is the value of the prefix :
a) micro b) femto c) tera d) atto
20) What is the color of steam pipe ?
a) green b) violet c) light-blue d) silver-gray
21) Which of the following types of flowmeter is most accurate?
a) venturi tube b) pitot tube c) flow nozzle d) foam type
22) The transmission of heat from a hot to a cold body by electro-magnetic waves, is called :
a) conduction b) absorption c) convection d) radiation
23) One of the best known safety practices in industrial plant is :
a) to provide alert security guards c) to maintain a fire brigade
b) to train delivery personnel d) to provide machines w/ appropriate guards
24) Based on the first law of thermodynamics, which of the following statements is wrong ?
a) the heat transfer equals the work plus the energy change
b) the heat transfer cannot exceed the work done
c) the heat transfer equals the net work for a cycle
d) the heat transfer equals the energy change if no work is done
25) With regard to corrosion of metals, passivation is the process that :
a) intensifies deterioration temporarily c) inhibits further deterioration
b) changes the composition of the metal d) alters the grain size of the metal
26) The first derivative of kinetic energy with respect to time is : [ note: KE =1/2mV2) dV/dt
a) power b) work c) momentum d) force
27) Which of the four does not belong to the group ?
a) Class D fire - fire caused by LPG
b) Class B fire - fire caused by oil and other hydrocarbons
c) Class C fire - electrical fire

d) Class A fire - fire caused by/light combustible materials like paper and wood
28) The equation (u + pV) is a quantity called :
a) flow energy b) shaft work c) enthalpy d) internal energy
29) An adiabatic process with no work done is
a) isometric b) throttling c) isobaric d) polytropic

30) All heavy machinery should be supported on solid foundations of sufficient mass and base area
to
prevent or minimize transmission of :
a) objectionable vibration to the building and occupied space

-
b) objectionable vibration or forces from nearby machine
c) better control of the drainage system
d) objectionable sound coming from the exhaust
31) Dew point is which of the following ?
a) adiabatic saturation temperature c) temperature of 50°ro RH
b) wet bulb temperature d) temperature of grains of moisture per lb of borne dry air
32) A type of boiler which incorporates furnace water cooling in the circulatory system and is
otherwise known as : a) integral-grate boiler c) integral-furnace boiler
b) integral-cogeneration boiler d) none of a, b, c
33) The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one lb of that substance one degree
Fahrenheit is known as : a) latent heat b) BTU c) specific heat d) relative heat
34) A leak from a faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of
this phenomenon ?
a) gravity b) air resistance c) viscosity of the fluid d) surface tension
35) The measure of the fluid resistance when acted upon by an external force is called
a) density b) cohesion c) adhesion d) viscosity

36) Linear momentum is a product of mass and velocity and this can also be
expressed as a function
of : a) force, acceleration, time c) force, time
b) force, velocity, time d) force , displacement
37) Which of the following is not true regarding the Clasius boundary layer solution ?
a) It is valid for laminar flow c) It is valid only for potential flow
b) It is an approximate solution d) It permits one to calculate the skin friction on a flat plate
38) The transmission of heat from one place to another by `fluid circulation' between the spots of
different temperature is called :
a) Convection b) Radiation c) Conduction d) Conservation
39) What process increases the power of an engine ?
a) scavenging b) turbo-charging c) supercharging d) all of the a, b, c
40) A chemical method of feed-water treatment which uses calcium hydroxide and sodium
carbonate
as reagents : a) thermal treatment c) ion exchange treatment
b) lime-soda treatment d) demineralization treatment
41) Sum of the internal energy of a body and the product of pressure and specific volume
a) entropy b) enthalpy c) internal energy d) kinetic & potential energy
42) What is the vessel that heats water to be used external to itself or for production of steam ?
a) boiler b) steam generator c) pressure vessel d) all of the a, b, c
43) Galvanized-iron is term referring to iron coated with :
a) aluminum b) iron c) copper d) zinc
44) When a body changes from the solid to a liquid state or from the liquid to the gaseous state, a
certain amount of heat is used to accomplish this change, this heat 'does not raise' the
temperature of the body and is called :
a) specific heat b) latent heat of evaporation c) latent heat d) sensible heat
45) The ratio of the heat required to raise the temperature of a certain weight of the given
substance
one degree F. to that required to raise the temperature of the same weight of water one degree,
is
called :
a) specific heat b) latent heat of evaporation c) latent heat d) sensible heat
46) It is the heat that must be supplied to a liquid at the boiling point to transform the liquid into
a
vapor : a) specific heat b) latent heat of evaporation c) latent heat d) sensible heat
47) It is the heat supplied to a solid body at the melting point ; this heat is absorbed by the body
although its temperature remains nearly stationary during the whole operation of melting :
a) latent heat of evaporation b) fusion c) latent heat of fusion d) sublimation
48) A process of welding metals in a molten or vapor state without the application of mechanical
pressure or blows :
a) TIG welding b) Mu G welding c) Fusion welding d) All of the a, b, c
49) What do you call a welding process using oxy-acetylene or hydrogen flame or by electric arc
a) Fusion welding b) TIG welding c) IvfIG welding d) All of a, h, c
50) Tendency to form bubbles in a pump
a) water hammer b) cavitation c) pitting d) oxidation
51) It is the measure of randomness of the molecules of a substance :
a) entropy b) enthalpy c) internal energy d) kinetic energy
52) How much must a valve be raised from its seat to obtain a full opening to the size of the valve
?
a) 1/2 diameter b) 1/4 diameter c) 3/4diameter d) 3/8 diameter
53) Points that lie in the same plane, is called :
a) coplanar b) parallel c) collinear d) concurrent
54) Two forces having the same line of action are said to be
a) coplanar b) parallel c) collinear d) concurrent
55) One horsepower is equivalent to :
a) 74. 6 watts b) 7 46 watts c) 746 watts d) 0.764 kw
56) Mechanically and electrically-operated brakes shall be inspected
a) every month c) every time when there is complaint
b) periodically d) as often as necessary
middle
57) For a fixed curing time, the ultimate strength of concrete :
a) is independent of water content if cured for a sufficiently long time.
B) increases with a decrease in water content
c) decreases with a decrease in water content
d) is independent of curing pressure
58) Reynolds number may be calculated from
a) diameter, density and absolute viscosity
b) diameter, velocity and absolute viscosity
c) diameter, velocity and surface tension
d) characteristic length, mass flow rate per unit area and, absolute viscosity
59) When a thin-bore, hollow glass tube is inserted into a container of mercury, the
surface of the
mercury in the tube :
a) is below the container surface due to àdhesion'
b) is below the container surface due to `cohesion'
c) is level with the surface of the mercury in the container
d) is above the container surface due to `cohesion'
60) Absolute viscosity is essentially independent of pressure and is primarily

dependent on
a) temperature b) density c) specific gravity d) velocity
61) The sum of the pressure head, elevation and the velocity head remains constant, this is known
as
a) Boyle's Law b) Torrecelli's Theorem c) Bernoulli's theorem d) Archimede's principle
62) An instrument for measuring specific gravity of fluids :
a) hygrometer b) hydrometer c) flowmeter d) psycrometer
63) An instrument for measuring the velocity flow of liquids :
a) rotameter b) hydrometer c) hygrometer d) tachometer
64) A type of compressor which is often used for supercharging diesel engines :
a) roots blower b) axial compressor c) rotating compressor d) centrifugal compressor
65) The ratio of the weight of the water vapor mixed with a kg of dry air to the weight of saturated
vapor at the same temperature mixed with a kg of dry air, is known as :
a) relative humidity b) saturation ratio c) humidity ratio d) specific gravity
66) The ratio between average demand and the maximum demand:
a) load factor b) demand factor c) power factor d) capacity factor
67) If an initial volume of saturated steam is expanded isothermally to twice the initial volume, the
pressure
a) increases b) decreases c) remains the same d) drop to zero
b8) Each miniature boiler shall be provided with a blow-off connection, not less than 12.7
mm iron
size, in direct connection with the
a) side of the lowest water space c) lowest water space
b) 5 nun above the lowest water space d) none of the above
69) Where ground water or surface water are used for feed-water, water hardness of 0 - 10 ppm
shall be considered and alkalinity of :
a) P1 ig to pH9 c) pH9 to p111()
h) pH8 to pill() d) pH10 to pH11
70) What is the value of work done for a closed, reversible , isometric system 7
a) positive or negative b) negative e) positive d) zero
71) Turbojet engine thrust is produced by :
a) the thrust reaction of the turbine blading c) the `ram' effect of the intake air
h) the additional weight of the injected fuel d) the acceleration of the gases through the
engine
72 Hie Second Law of Thermodynamics states that
A) energy cannot be neither created nor destroyed

B) heat energy cannot he completely transformed into work
C.) there is no tendency towards spontaneous change
D) mass is indestructible
1. Prior to Republic Act 8495, what law governs the practice of mechanical engineering the Philippines?
B. Commonwealth Act No. 294
2. If the rated scores of an examinee in a board exam are 85, 82, and 48 in Math, Power, and Design
subjects respectively (average: 72.85%), what will be the overall result?
B. Fail
Section 18
3. Which of the following is NOT a required qualification for being a member of the Board of Mechanical
Engineering (BME)?
B. Naturalized or born Filipino citizen
Section 5
4. A foreign mechanical engineer may only be allowed to practice mechanical engineering in the Philippines
if his country also allows Filipino mechanical engineers practice under similar provisions like those in
RA8495. This policy is also known as
a. A. Foreign Reciprocity
Section 39
5. According to RA 8495, where will the budget to implement Mechanical Engineering Law come from?
C. National Budget
Section 44
6. A plant with rated capacity 500 kW requires with 3 shifts…
C. At least three (3) registered mechanical engineer or Professional Mechanical engineer, one per shift
Section 33
7. Who has the power to revoke or suspend license to practice mechanical engineering in the Philippines?
B. Board of Mechanical engineering
Section 27
8. An applicant who fails to pass the examination for the third time shall be allowed to take another
examination only after the lapse of ____
D. One year
Section 20
9. In addition to the administrative sanctions imposed under RA8495 any person who violates any of the
provisions of this Act and its rules and regulations shall, upon conviction be penalize by a fine of not less
_______ nor more than Two hundred thousand pesos (P200,000.00).
A. 50, 000 pesos
Section 42
10. Minimum requirement in teaching mechanical engineering subjects in universities and colleges in the
Philippines
B. Masters Degree in Mechanical Engineering
Section 48
Marginal revenue-the amount received the sale of additional uit product
Valuation-is the process of determining the value of a certain property
Depreciation = the decrease iri the value of property.

Types of depreciatiori:
1. Physical depreciation = it is caused by the lessening of the physical ability
of the property to produce results.
2. Functiorial depreciation = decrease in value due to the lessening in the
,
Purpose of depreciation:
1. To provide for the recovery of capital which has been invested in physical
property.
2. To enable the expense of depreciation to be charge to the cost of producing
products which are turned out by the property.
1 Sinking fund = is an interest earning fund in which equal deposits are made at equal internals of time.
Gross revenue = all the proceeds which are received by the business as the
. result of the sale of goods.
Net revenue or net income= the amount by which the equities of the proprietors
or owners are increased because of successful conduct of business.
Demand factor = the ratio between the maximum power demand and the total
connected load of tlie system.
Power factor = the ratio of the output of power in watts and the product of
volts and amperes.
I Capacity factor = the ratio of the average actual use to the available capacity.
Load factor = the ratio of the average demand to the maximum demand.
Diversity factor = the ratio of the sum of the individual users niaximum
I demands to the maximum demand actually experienced.
Retirement = is the withdrawal from tht. service of a unit of property at the
end of its useful life.
Account payable – buyer amount owed for goods and services purchase
Account receivable – owed for goods shipped to a buyer
Allocation cost – non- direct charges are assigned bask to processing
Benefit cost ratio-ratio of annual revenue
Bond -a certificate indebtedness o a corporation usually for period
Bonus penalty contract-an agreement where a contractor is guaranteed a bunos
Capita recovery- present worth of all depreciation
Cash flow – a diagram to help visualize
Compounding-Use of compound interest to determine sums later in time which are equivalent
Contract -A legally binding agreement or promise to exchange goods or services
Cost-plus contract-A type of contract under which a contractor furnishes all materials,
construction equipment, and labor at actual cost, plus an agreed-upon fee
Critical-path method-Also known as CPM, is a method of scheduling detailed work items

within a project to determine the 'critical path' or shortest time period in
which the entire project can be completed
Current assets-Liquid assets such as cash and other assets that can be converted quickly
into cash, such as accounts receivable and merchandise
Current ratio-An index of short term paying ability
Demand-The quantity of a certain commodity that is bought at a certain price at a

given place and time
Depletion-The decrease in the value of property due to the gradual extraction

of its contents
A yearly allocation of the estimated value of a limited resource, as
extracted from a non-replaceable supply, allocated over the
estimated total of useful resources. The Internal Revenue Code
Depreciation-The decrease in the value of physical property due to the passage of

time
The yearly allocation of installed costs of fixed capital assets (less
salvage, if any) over the estimated useful life of the unit. The
Internal Revenue Code permits deduction of certain such allocations
Discount-On negotiable paper, the difference between the present worth and the
worth of the paper at sometime in the future
Economic life-The period of commercial use of a product or facility. May be limited by

obsolescence, physical life of equipment, or changing economic
conditions
Equity ratio-Ratio of total stockholders equity to the total assets
Escalation-The provision in actual or estimated costs for an increase in the costs of

equipment, material, labor, etc. over the specified in an original contract,
due to continuing inflation, etc.-
Market value-The amount which a willing buyer will pay to a willing seller for a
property which each has equal advantage and is under no compulsion to
buy or sell
Monopoly-It occurs when a unique product or service is available only from a single
supplier and entry of all possible suppliers prevented
Obsolescence-Caused by either a Iessening in the demand for the service rendered by

the asset or the availability of more efficient asset which will operate
Payback period-The length of time, usually in years, for the cumulative net annual profit
to equal the initial investment
Prepaid income-These are liabilities representing income which have been paid to the
enterprise but for which the goods have not been delivered or any service
rendered to the payer
Prepaid expense-These are assets in the form of money paid for certain materials not yet
delivered or services not yet rendered to the company
Present Worth-The sum of the first cost and the present worth of all costs of any
property of replacement, operation, and maintenance for a long time or
foreve
Variable costs-Those elements of manufacturing costs which vary directly with volume
of production, such as ingredients and utilities
Working capital-The funds that are required to make the enterprise or pro-ject a going
Concern
GLOSSARY OF ECOMATH TERMS

I) Consequent - The second number in the format a:b, where 'a' is called the antecedent.
2) Cube - A regular polyhedron with 6 square faces.
3) Convection - The transmission of heat from a hot to a cold body due to motion of matter.
4) Conduction - The heat transfer from molecule to molecule through a body or through bodies in contact.
5) Coefficient of static friction - The ratio of the limiting frictional force to the normal force.
6) Calorie - The quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of one gram of water through one degree
centigrade.
7) Current liabilities - Liabilities which mature within a short time, usually a year.
8) Credit entry - The entry in the book of account where the ownership is greater than the difference
between assets and liabilities.
9) Capacity factor - The ratio between the average load and the total available capacity.
10) Cost accounting - The process of determining the actual cost of manufacturing a product or of rendering
a service.
11) Conjugate angles - A pair of angles which when added together will be equal to 360'.
12) Chilliagon - A polygon having one thousand sides.
13) Cevian - Any line segment joining a vertex of a triangle to a point on the opposite side .
14) Cypher - An absolute name for zero.
15) Circumcentre - The center of a circle that circumscribe a given polygon.
16) Cis - The abbreviation for 'cos + i sin' in a complex number.
17) Cologarithm - The logarithm of the reciprocal of a number, equal to the additive inverse of its logarithm.
18) Cylindroid - A cylinder with elliptical cross-section.
19) Cube - A polyhedron which is one of the five platonic solids whose six faces are a11 squares.
20) Concentric circles - A family of circles having a common center.
21) Dihedral angle - The amount of divergence between two intersecting planes.
22) Divergent series - a sequence of numbers where the succeeding term is greater than the preceding term.
23) Degree - Angular units used in the sexagesimal system.
24) Duopoly - When two sellers controls sufficient portion of the supply of a commodity or service to
control its price.
25) Demand - The quantity of a certain commodity that is bought at a certain price at a given place and time.
26) Debt ratio - The ratio of total liabilities to total assets.
27) Debenture bonds - A type of bond, without any security behind them except a promise to pay by the
issuing corporation.
28) Discount - The difference between what a negotiable paper is worth in the future and its present worth.
29) Demand factor- The ratio between the maximum power demand and the sum of the connected loads of
the system.
30) Diversity factor - The ratio between the sum of the maximum demands of the separate parts of the
system and the maximum demand of the entire system.
31) Debit entry - An entry in the books of account which tends to make different between assets and
liabilities greater than ownership.
32) Directrix - A straight line perpendicular to axis of the parabola whose distance from the vertex is equal
to the distance from the vertex to the focus of the parabola.
33) Depressed equation - The equation obtained after reducing the equation; after solving one of its roots by
synthetic division.
34) Degenerate conic - Conic sectors which are neither ellipse, parabola or hyperbola.
35) Decahedron - A solid with ten plane faces.
36) Decagon - A polygon with ten sides.
37) Duodecimal - Any number expressed in place-value notation with base 12.
38) Differential coefficient - Another name for derivative.
39) Dodecagon - A polygon with twelve sides.
40) Deka - Prefix denoting a multiple of ten times any of the physical units of the system .
I ) axiom - A Statement accepted as true

2) postulate - A Statement assumed to be true. as a basis for argument
3) HYPOTHESIS - An unproved theory tentatively accepted to explain certain
facts
4) ThEOREM - A proposition that can be proven from accepted premises.
5) COROLLARY - A proposition that follows from one already proved
6) ALTITLIDE OF - A perpendicular from any vertex of a triangle to the side
A TRIANGLE . opposite.
7) ANGLE - The opening between two straight lines drawn from the
same point.
8) Aphotem - The radius of the inscribed circle of a Polygon.
9) AREA - The number of unit squares of a plane figure.
10) CENTER OF - The common center of the inscribed & circumscribed
POLYGON circles of a regular Polygon.
12) ClRCLE - A closed plane curve every point of which is equally
distant from a point in the place of the curve.
13) COMPLEMENTARY - Two angles whose sum is equal to a right angle (or 90")
ANGLES
14) CONCURRENT - Three or more lines which have one point in common.
LINES
15) DIAGONAL - A line joining any tGo non-consecutive vertices of a
Polygon.
16) HYPOTENuSE - The Side opposite the right angle of a right triangle.
17) ISOSCELES - A triangle which has two equal sides
TRIANGLe
19) PARALLEL LINES - Lines that lie in the same plane and do not meet however
far extended.
20) Parallelogram - A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel
21) PERPENDICULAR - A line which cuts another line so as to make two
adjacent angles equal.
22) POLygon- A closed plane figure bounded by straight lines (triangle,
quadrilateral, pentason, hexagon, etc.) corresponding
parts of congruent figures are equal.
23) QIuADRILATERAL - A Polygon with four sides (square, rectangle,
parallelogram, trapezoid)
24) RECTANGLE - A parrallelogram whose angles are right angles.
25) REGULAR - A Polygon all of whose angles are equal and all of whose
POLYGON sides are equal.
26) rhomboid - A parallelogram with obligue angles and only the
opposite sides are equal.
27) RhOMBUS - An equilateral parallelogram
28) SIMILAR - Polygons whose corresponding angles are equal and
POL\'GONS whose corresponding sides are proportional.
29) SUPPLEMENTARY angle - Two angles whose surn is equal to two right angles
ANGLES (180)
TANGENT trapezoid – A straight line which meets a curve only at one point
A quadrilateral two and only two of whose sides are
32) triangle - A plane figure bounded by three straight lines; a Polygon
with three sides.
33) VERTICAL ANGLES - Opposite angles of two intersecting lines.
34) n (pi) - The ratio of the circumference of a circle of its diameter.
35) Right ISOCELES - A right triangle whose legs are equal.
TRIAKGLE
1. It is the x -coordinate or horizontal distance of a point having a Cartesian coordinates with reference from the vertical or y-axis,
a) Ordinate b) Abscissa c) Y-axis d) Z-axis
2. A branch of mathematics which uses the properties of numbers by using symbols or letters to represent numbers in arithmetic operations
which usually variables and unknown quantities usually involves the use and rearranging of equations.
a) Calculus b) Trigonometry c) Geometry d) Algebra
3. This is a series ofsequential method for carrying out a desire procedure to solve a problem. a) Algorithm b) Hypsogram c) Logarithm d)
Angstrom
4. It is the study of geometrical relations by algebraic methods using the coordinate system.
a) Calculus c) Analytic Geometry b) Plane Trigonometry d) Descriptive Geometry

5. It refers to a straight line in which a curve approaches closely but never meets or touches the curve.
a) Directrix b) Asymptote c) Latus Rectum d) Line Segment
6. A line drawn from the center perpendicular to a side of any regular polygon is known as :
a) Similitude b) Incenter c) Apothem d) Chord
7. A series of numbers in which each number or term is derived from the preceding number by adding a constant value to it is known as :
a) Geometric Sequence b) Arithmetic Sequence c) Analytical Sequence d) Differential Sequence
8. Ten (10) to the negative power of 18 is the value of the prefix: a) femto b) micro c) atto d) pico
9. A sequence of numbers where the two successive terms have a constant common difference is caJled ....
a) Arithmetic progression c) Harmonic progression b) Geometric progression d) Infinite progression
10. An algebra of sets that has two binary operations called addition and multiplication which may be used to represent binary logic is called
....
~
a) Matrix b) Boolean Algebra c) Elementary algebra d) Laplace
11. A measure of unit equivalent to 35.239 liters or 4 pecks is called ...... a) barrel b) gill c) dram d) bushel
12. Another term for common logarithm or briggsian logarithm:
a) base -10 logarithm c) Naperian logarithm b) natural logarithm d) Commutative logarithm
13. Two angles whose sum is 90 degrees is called ...
a) Complimentary angles c) Supplementary angles b) Explementary angles d) Interior angles
14. A part of theorem which is to be proven is known as .... a) postulate b) hypothesis c) corollary d) conclusion
15. A statement the truth of which follows with little or no proof from a theorem is known as : a) corollary b) axiom c) hypothesis d) postulate
16. Two is greater than one. a) axiom b) hypothesis c) postulate d) corollary
16. A regular polyhedron with 6 square faces is known as : a) icosahedron b) tetrahedron c) cube d) octahedron
17. Any line segment joining a vertex of a triangle to a point on the opposite side is called: a) cevian b) secant . c) Euclidian line d) newtons line
18. The center of a circle that circumscribe a given polygon is known as : a) excenter b) incenter c) orthocenter d) circumcentre
19. A pair of angles when added together will be equal to 360 degrees, is known as ....
a) Conjugate angles c) Complementary angle b) Supplimentary angle d) Explimrntary angle

20. A family of circles having a common center is called .... a) Concentric circles b) Eccentric circles c) annulus d) circulating
21. When two planes intersect with each other, the amount of divergence between the two planes is expressed by measuring the ...
a) reflex angle b) vertical angle c) dihedral angle d) polyhedral angle
22. A sequence of numbers where the succeeding term is greater than the preceeding term is called .... a) divergent series b) dissonant series
c) convergent d) isometric series
23. Angular units use in the sexagesimal system is called ....

a) degree b) grad c) radian c) radian
24. A solid when ten plane faces is known as
a) dodecahedron b) polyhedron c) decagon d) decahedron
25. A polygon with ten sides is known as ... b)

a) decagon dodecagon
c) decahedron d) dodecahedron
26.
Conic sectors which are neither ellipse, parabola, or hyperbola: a) generic

conic b) degenerate conic c) transconic sections d) irreversible conics
27. A prefix denoting a multiple of ten times any of the physical units of the system international: a) Deka b) Nano c) Hecto d) Exa
28. The Father of plane geometry :

...
a) Euclid b) Aristotle c) Galileo d) Phytagoras
~
29. A triangle having equal three angles, is called a) Isosceles b) scalene c) equiangular d) quadrangular
30. A circle escribed outside the triangle which is tangent to one side and the other two sides or the triangle which is prolonged, is called.... (
also known as 'ecircle'). a) inscribed circle b) excircle c) circumscribe circle d) excribe circle
31. The work done by one dyne over a distance of one-centimeter, is known as ....
a) poundal b) erg c) kilowatt hour d) dyne 18
32. The prefex of 10is called ....

a) peta b) giga c) tera d) Exa
33. The transcendental number, the approximate value of which is 2.718281828 is called a) Mach Number b) Pascals number c) Descartes
number d) Euler number
34. A curve that describes the locus of the center of curvature of another curve to which its tangents are normal is called ....
a) envelope b) cycloid c) evolute d) cissoid
35. A geometrical surface that is symmetrical about its three axes and the plane sections of which are circles or ellipses is called .
a) hyperboloid b) ellipsoid c) circoloid d) conoid
36. Another term for a radius of an escribed circle of a triangle is called a) inradius b) inscribed radius c) escribed radius d) Eradius
37. Another term for constant 'e' is known as ... a) Natural number b) Briggslan number c) Euler number d) Naperian number
38. A unit of length equivalent to 201.168 mtr. Or one eight of a mile. a) mil b) furlong c) barrel d) bar
39. A part of a solid such as a cone or pyramid lying between the base and a plane paraliel to the base that intersects the solid is called
a) polyhedron b) cycloid c) frustum d) conoid

40. A plane curve that intersects with itself at a mode on one side of which it forms a loop, the branches on the other side of the node are
asymptotic to the same line, is know as .....
a) folium b) evolute c) cardoid d) cissoid
41. An angular unit equivalent to 1/400 of the circumference of a circle is called ..... a) degree b) radian c) grad d) mil
42. A series of numbers in which each term is derived from the previous term by multiplying by a fixed constant value, is known as
a) Geometric sequence c) Analytical sequence

b) Arithmetic sequence d) Differential sequence
9
43. The prefix of 10 is called ...
a) mega b) femto c) giga d) myria
44. The nth root of the product of a sequence or set of ' n ' quantities is called .... a) geometric series b) radicand c) geometric mean d) absolute
value
45. The geometric figure remaining after a parallelogram has been removed from one corner of a larger similar parallelogram, is called
a). gramatoid b) gnomon c) parallelogramatoid d) gergonn

46. A series whose terms form a geometric progression is called .....
a) arithmetic series b) harmonic series c) divergent series d) geometric series
47. The number 10 raised to the power of 100 is called .....
a) quadrillion b) trillion c) Googol d) quintillion
48. The locus of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls on the inside of a fixed circle is
known as . a) hypocycloid b) cycloid c) hyperbola d) ellipsoid

49. The locus of a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls without slipping along a straight line, is called ......
a) cycloid b) hypocycloid c) hyperbola d) ellipsoid
50. A part of a theorem which is to be proven is known as .....
a) postulate b) hypothesis c) corollary d) conclusion
51. A conic having a difference of distances from the foci to any point on the conic equal to the length of the transverse axis is known as . a)
parabola b) circle c) ellipse d) hyperbola
52. A set of numbers, the reciprocals of which forms an arithmetic progression:
a) Arithmetic sequence c) Harmonic progression b) Geometric sequence d) Geometric progression
53. The sum of the terms in a harmonic sequence, is known as .....
a) Harmonic series c) Arithmetic sequence b) Harmonic sequence d) Geometric sequence
54. A formula used in computing areas of triangle with three sides known
a) Descartes formula b) Kepler's formula c) Phytagorean formula d) Hero's formula
55. Newton's method for determining the square root of a number, is known as a) Heron's method c) Synthetic methodb) approximate method
d) Newton's approximate theory

56. A type of fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator such as 11/3, 8/3, 7/4,
is known as ....
a) Improper fraction b) Simple fraction c) Mixed numbers d) Compound fraction
57. A number that cannot be represented as fraction such as 'e', pi, square of 2, is known as ....
a) natural numbers b) integers c) rational numbers d) irrational numbers
sheet B
1.obtuse angle – 90 degree but less than 180 degerees
2.obtuse angle – a triangle with one obtuse angle and two acute angle
3 orthocenter – point three altitude of a triangle
4 ogive – graphical representative of the commulative frequency distribution in a set statistical
5 One degree- the angle whch requires 1/360 of the rotation to obtain one complete revolution
6 Orthogonal- another term for perpendicular to line or plane
7ordinate- vertical distance of a point in a Cartesian coordinate
8 myra – prefix which stand for 10 raised to the power of four
9 monomial – an algebraic expression which is made up of a single term which a product of number and variables
10 mantissa –decimal part of a logarithm of a number
11 Micro – prefix of 10^6
12 800 mils – express 45 degrees in mils

13 Minima – first derivative of a function is zero and the second derivative is positive
14 Linear algebra – branches of mathematics concerned, linear equation matrices
15 Logarithm of a number- power to which number od a given must reaised to give that number
16 Lemniscate – closed plane curved consisting of two symmetrical loops
17 Lemma – subsidiary result proved in order to simplify the proof
18 Linear Equation – equation can be written with one variables “x”
19 Latus rectum = chord drawn through the focus
20 kite – convex quadrilateral
21 Pentadecagon = define an equiangular polygon
22 Icosagon = Polygon having tweenty sides
23. The locus of points which are equidistant from a fixed point called focus and a fixed line called the directrix is called
A) ellipse b) Cycloid c) Parabola d) Hyperbola
24. An expression for an angle of 360 degrees or 2(3.1416) radians. is called ....
a) J\1iI
b) Grad c) Pertgon d) Perigon
25~An arrangement of object in a definite order; is rallpd a

a) Combmanon b) ProbabUity c) Permutation d) Sets
26. A solid ngure having a constant cross-section in plane perpendicular to its axis, is called .... a) conic b) prism c) ellipse d) cissoid
27. The line joining the points of intersection of the circles which intersect each other is called..... a) Line segment b) Line or flow c) Line
integral 0) Radical axis
28. The point intersection of the respective radical axes of each pair of circles selected from the givl:'ll three circles, is called
a) Clrrumcenter b) Ineenter c) Excenter d) Radical center
29. An angte more than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees, is known as .....
a) Reflex angle c) Obtuse angle bj Supplementary angle d) Complementary angle
30. A six sided prism of which the sides are parallelogram, is known as . a) Rhomboid b) Rectanguloid c) Paralleloid d) Rhombohedron
31. A plane figure consisting or Iour points each joined by at least two lines to two other puiru.... a) Cube b) Rhombus c) Parallelogram d)
Quadrang!e
32. The area within a circle enclosed between two perpendicular radii and the circumference a) Quadrangle b) Quadrant c) Quadric d) Quartic
.33. A polynomial of the fourth degree, is called a) Quartic b) Quadratic c) Quartile d) Quadrmomiat
34. Quantities whose measurements is specified by magnitude without any direction are called ... a) Resultant b) Vector quantities c) Scalar
quantities d) Vector
35. A triangle having all sides unequal is called == scalene traingle
36. A prefix which stands for 10 raised to the power of 12 ..... a. tera
37.\ line that touches a curve at a point and has the same gradient as that of the curve at that point is called ....
a) line segment b) tangent c) chord d) normal
38. A systematic statement of the principle undertying some fragments of mathematics
a) Theory b) Hypothesis c) Corollary d) Axiom
39. A ring shaped surface or solid obtained by rotating a circle about a coplanar line that does nol
a) Annulus b) Circoloid c) Torus d) Cydoid

~
O 40 The axis of a hyperbola which passes through the foci, is known as
.
a) Parallel axis b) Perpendicular axis c) Conjugate axis d) Transverse axis
41 trapezium = Quadrilateral with two parallel sides of unequal length

42 Theorem = Statement of truth of which must be established by proof
43. A polygon with eleven sides is called ... d) Undecagon
44. Unilateral surface= Surface having only one sides
45. The square rout of a standard deviation is known in statistics ItS a) Mean Values b) Probable values c) Median d) Variance
46. The trlgonometric function equal to one minus the cosine function is called: a) arc sine b) versed sine c) arc cosine d) co-versed sine
47 The extreme point of a potyhedron Is called a) apex b) max. versed sine c) critical point d) vertex
48. The resultant gravitational force acting on a body due to all other bodies in space ... a) buoyancy b) drag force c) gram
d) weight of a body
-2<1
4'9. .\ prefix used to denote 10 is called a) Yotta b) Yocto c) Atto d) nano
50. Weber = An SI unit of magnetic flux, which is equal to one volt in one second .. is known as
I) AXIOM -A Statement accepted as true 2) POSTULATE -A Statement assumed to be true. as a basis for argument J) HYPOTHESIS -An
unproved theory tentatively accepted to explain certain
facts
4) THEOREM -A proposition that can be proven from accepted premises.
5) COROLLARY -A proposition that follows from one already proved

6) ALTITUDE OF A perpendicular from any vertex of a triangle to the side A TRIANGLE opposite.
7) ANGLE -The opening between two straight Jines drawn from the same point.
8) APOTHEM -The radius of the inscribed circle of a Polygon.
9) AREA -The number of unit squares of a plane figure.
10) CENTER OF -The common center of the inscribed & circumscribed
POLYGON circles of a regular Polygon.
12) CIRCLE -A closed plane curve every point of which is equally distant from a point in the place of the curve.
J J) COMPLEMENTARY-Two angles whose sum is equal to a right angle (or 90°) ANGLES "
14) CONCURRENT -Three or more lines which have one point in commC?n. LINES
15) DIAGONAL -A line joining any t~o non-consecutive vertices of a Polygon.
16) HYPOTENUSE -The Side opposite the right angle ofa right triangle.
)7) ISOSCELES -A triangle which has two equal sides TRIANGLE
18) LOCUS -A figure containing all the points and only those points. which fulfill a given requirement.
19) PARALLEL LINES -Lines that lie in the same plane and do not meet however
far extended.
20) PARALLELOGRAM -A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel.
21) PERPENDICULAR -Alinewhichcutsanotherlinesoastomaketwo adjacent angles equal.
22) POLYGON -,A closed plane figure bounded by straight lines (triangle. quadrilateral. pentagon, hexagon, etc.) corresponding parts of
congruent figures are equal.
23) QUADRILATERAL A Polygon with four sides (square. rectangle.
1-,-
parallelogram, trapezoid)
24) RECTANGLE -A parrallelogram whose angles are right angles. 25) REGULAR -A Polygon all of whose angles are equal and all of whose
POLYGON sides are equal.
26) RHOMBOID -A parallelogram with obligue angles and only the opposite sides are equal.
27) RHOMBUS -An equilateral parallelogram
28) SIMILAR -Polygons whose corresponding angles are equal and POLYGONS whose corresponding sides are proportional.
29) SUPPLEMENTARY -Two angles whose sum is equal to two right angles ANGLES (or J80") \
-,--,/ 30) TANGENT -A straight line which meets a curve only at one point.
31) TRAPEZOID
-A quadrilateral two and only two of whose sides are parallel.
32) TRIANGLE
-A plane figure bounded by three straight lines; a Polygon with three sides.
33) VERTICAL ANGLES -Opposite angles of two intersecting lines. 34)
(Pi) -The ratio of the circumference of a circle of its diameter.
35) RIGHT ISOCELES -A right triangle whose legs are equal. TRIANGLE
ANGLE of FRICTION -known as 'the angle which the nonnal reaction makes with the resultant reaction' . ANGLE of INCLINATION -the angle of
inclination of the two resultant forces 'P&Q' with the
force 'P', is given by the eq'n. "0 sin teta I P+O cos teta " ANGLEofREPOSE-knownas'theangle ofinclinationoftheplaneatwhichthebodybegins to
move down the plane'.
BODY will begin TO move DOWN an INCLINED PLANE -if "the angle of inclination of the plane is 'greater than' the angle offriction " BODY of
WEIGHT OW' is REQUIRED to MOVE up ON rough INCLINED plane
whose angle of inclination with the horizontal is 'alpha'. The effort 'P' applied parallel to the plane is given by 'P = W ( sine alpha + tan teta cos
alpha) , where: tanteta = u =coefficientof frictionbetweentheplane & body.
CENTERofGRAVITY'(e.G.) -itisthepoint,throughwhichthewholeweightofthebodyacts, irrespective of its position. An irregularbody
mayhavemorethan one centerof gravity. CENTER of OSCILLATION -Ifa body oscillates about a horizontal axis which does not pass
through its center of gravity, there will be a point on the line drawn from the center of gravity, perpendicular to the axis, th~ motion of which
will be the same as if the whok mass were concentrated at that point. This point is called the ' center of oscillation' .
CENTER of PERCUSSION -For a body that moves without rotation, the resultant of all the forces acting on the body passes though the center
ofgravity. On the other hand, for a body that rotates about some 'fixed axis', the resultant of all the forces acting on il
... 'does not pass' through the center of gravity of the body but through a point called the 'center of percussion'. CENTRIFUGAL FORCE -when
a force rotates about any axis other than one at its center of mass, it exerts an 'outward radial force' called centrifugal force.
e.G. of an EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE -with its side 'a' is "al2 multiply by square root of 3" from any of the three sides.
e.G. of a CIRCLE -is at its center.
e.G. of a HEMISPHERE -is at "3 r /8" from its base along the vertical radius.
e.G. of an ISOSCELES TRIANGLE -with base 'p' and sides 'q' is "square root of 4p2_ q2 and all divided by 6 ". e.G. of a RECTANGLE -is at
intersection of itstwo diagonals that meet each other. e.G. of a RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE -is at "h/4" from its base along the vertical axis.
e.G. of a SEMI-CIRCLE -is at " 4r/3 pi" from its base along the vertical radius. e.G. of a TRAPEZIUM -is at "h/3(2a+b /
a+b)" from its base along the vertical axis.
e.G. ofa TRIANGLE -is at the intersection of its medians.
CENTROID -it is the same term for "center of gravity". COEFFICIENT of FRICTION-it is the ratio of 'the limiting friction to
the normal reaction
~
between the two bodies'. COMPOSITION of FORCES -it is the process of finding out the resultant force.
i COPLANAR CONCURRENT FORCES -they are the forces, which 'meet' at one point and their lines of action 'also lie' on the same plane.
While, the Non-Coplanar Concurrent Forces -are the forces, which 'meet' at onepoint
but, their lines of action 'do not lie' on the same plane. And, the Non-coplanar and Non-Concurrent Forces-are those forces, which 'do not
meet' at one point
but, their lines of action 'do not lie ' on the same plane.
COPLANAR FORCES (any system) -for any system of coplanar forces, the condition of equilibrium is that the: a) algebraic sum of the
horizontal components of all the forces should be zero, b) algebraic sum of the vertical components of all the
forces should be zero, c) algebraic sum of moments of all the forces about any point should be zero. COPLANAR NON-CONCURRENT FORCES
-they are the forces, which 'do not meet' at
one point, but their lines of action 'He' on the same plane. COUPLE -two equal and opposite parallel forces whose lines of action are different
fonn jl "couple". A couple produces a "rotational motion".
Other statement for couple are: 1) the algebraic sum of the forces, constituting the couple is "zero",2) the algebraic sum of the forces,
constituting the couple , about any point IS
"the ~". 3) A couple 'cannot be balanced' by a single force but, can be balanced only by a couple of opposite sense.
DECELERATION -when the motion is decreasing instead of increasing, it is called 'retarted
motion', and the rate at which the motion is retarded frequently is called'deceleration'.
DEFLECTIONS -The moment of inertia of plane area ( I ), in which the axis is in the plane of
area, are found in JonnuIas for calculating 'deflections and stresses in beams'. DYNAMIC FRICTION -
known as 'the friction experienced by a body, when in motion' .
FIXED AXIS -the center of percussion is useful in determining the position of the resultant in mechanics problems involving angular
acceleration ofbodies about a 'flxed axis'. FORCE -the term "force" may be defined as an agent which produces or tends to produce.
-
destroys or tends to destroy motion. FORCE -a force while acting on a body may: a) change its motion, b) retard its motion, c) balance the
forces, already acting on it, d) give rise to the internal stresses in it.
FORCE of FRICTION -a force acting in the op'posite direction to the motion of the body.
I-
FORCES are in EQUILIBRIUM -if three forces acting at a point are represented in magnitude and direction by the three sides of a triangle,
taken in order, then the forces are in equilibrium.
FREE BODY DIAGRAM -this diagram shows, 1) the body removed or isolated from contact with all other bodies that exert force on the body
and, 2) shows all the forces acting on the body.
HOW to DETERMINE the EFFECTS of a FORCE acting on a body ? -we must know a) magnitude of the force" b) line of action of the force, c)
nature of the force i.e. whether the force is" push or pull", d) point at which the force acts on the body.
1-
IDEAL MACHINE -an ideal machine is one whose efficiency is " 100% ". In ideal machine, the mechanical advantage is 'equaJ to' velocity
ratio. In actual machines, mechanical advantage is 'less than' velocity ratio.
I\lPERFECT FRAME -also called as "redundant frame". A frame structure is imperfect, if the number of members are "less than or greater than"
z).
(21-3). h 1\ ETIC ENERGY -energy that is possessed by a body because ofits motion, (K.E.=1I2mv
\\ll's THEOREM -see "sine of the angle". of MACffiNE -the law of machine applies the following equation, P = mW + C, where: P = effort applied
to lift the load, m = a constant which is equal to the slope of the line, W = load lifted, and C = another constant which represents the machine
friction
LEVERAGE & MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE -in a compound lever, the term 'leverage' and 'mechanical advantage' are of the "same meaning".
LIFTING MACHINE!!!!!:. EFFICIENCY -the max. efficiency is calculated by the equation, , 11m x Velocity Ratio' where: m =: a constant which is
equal to the slope of the line and, I = length of pendulum.
LIFTING MACIllNE MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE -is the ratio of 'load lifted to the effort applied'.
LIFTING MACHINE EFFICIENCY -is the ratio of: a) output to the input, b) work done by the machine to the work done on the machine, c)
mechanical advantage to the velocity ratio. Note: If the efflclency of a lifting machine is 'kept constant', its velocity ratio is 'directly
proportional' to its mechanical advantage.
LIKE PARALLEL FORCES -they are the forces, whose lines of action are parallel to each other and act in the same directions. (See unlike
parallel forces ). LIMITING FRICTION -known as the maximum frictional force, which comes into play, when a body just begins to slide over the
surface ofthe other body. LINEAR IMPULSE -It is defined as the product of the resultant 'R' of all the forces acting on a body and the time ' t '
that the resultant acts. (L.I. =R x t )
LINEAR MOMENfUM of a BODY -it is a vector quantity having a formula of 'wv/g'. It is defined as the product of the mass 'm' of the body and
the velocity 'v' of the center of gravity of the body.
MATHEMATICS
1. Low-carbon steel are generally used in the as rolled or as fabricated state. What is the reason for this?
a. Their strength generally cannot be increased by heat treatment
b. Their chromium content is so low
c. Their density is so high
d. They come in many different shapes and thickness
2. Which of the following rules does not apply to a parallel circuit?
a. Total current flow is the sum of the current to a parallel circuit?
b. The applied voltage is the same across each path
c. There is more than one path for circuit flow
d. The total resistance is the sum of the individual resistors.
3. The number of board feet in a plank 3 inches thick, 1 foot wide and 20 feet length is:
a. 60
b. 360
c. 120
d. 720
4. In general the design stress and factor of safety are related as follows:
a. Design stress=ultimate stress X factor of safety
b. Factor of safety=design stress/ultimate stress
c. Design stress= ultimate stress/factor of safety
d. Ultimate stress= factor of safety/design stress
5. The dimension of “Acceleration X Mass” is the same as that of
a. Power
b. Length
c. Work
d. Weight
6. Which of the following contains only items which are considered fixed charges?
a. Interest, taxes, amortization, insurance, rent
b. Amortization, insurance, steam cost, painting cleaning
c. Interest, taxes, replacement parts, labor for repairs
d. Interest, taxes, rent, power cost, oil cost
7. An economic study is made of the total annual cost (C) for a series of alternative investments (P) for a given project. If C is plotted as
the ordinate versus P, the most derible investment occurs when
a. dC/dP=1
b. dC/dP=0
c. dC/dP=C0
d. dC/dP= +1
8. galvanized iron is a term referring to iron coated with
a. aluminium
b. magnesium
c. tin
d. zinc
9. in a cantilever beam with a concentrated load at the free end, the moment is
a. maximum at the wall
b. constant along the beam
c. ¼ maximum half way out on the beam
d. Maximum at the free end
10. The coefficient of friction for dry surfaces
a. Depends on the composition of the materials only
b. Depends on the materials and the finish condition of the surface
c. Depends on the finish condition of the surfaces.
d. Does not depend on the materials.
11. The following cost item which is common to both fixed and operating cost of an enterprise, is
a. Interest
b. Depreciation
c. Taxes
d. Supplies
12. The center of gravity of an isosceles triangle whose height “h” is on the median live
a. 2.3 h from the vertex
b. 2/3 h from the base
c. 1/3 h from the vortex
d. ¾ h from the vortex
1.8
13. The equati0n PV = constant is:
a. A straight line on log paper
b. A curve line on log paper
c. A straight line on rectangular coordinate paper
d. A straight line on semi-log paper
14. What ascertains the effectiveness and size of a condenser?
a. Heat transfer
b. Size of takes
c. Thickness of shell
d. Number of pass
15. Ninety degrees is equal to:
a. 1,500 radians
b. 3.142 radians
c. 1.57 radians
d. 1,000 radians
16. The standard acceleration due to gravity, g is equal to:
2
a. 63.34 ft/sec
2
b. 32.2 ft /sec
2
c. 980 ft/sec
d. 35.30 km/hr/sec
17. It is required to speed up sedimentation of sewage. What is that chemical most commonly used for the given problem?
a. Sulphuric acid
b. Lime
c. Sodium permanganate
d. Copper sulphate
18. In a steady flow system, the mass of the working substance is
a. Always conserved
b. Always greater
c. Always ceased
d. None of these
19. A general principle in the motion of a body can be stated as follows: (F=force, M=mass, v=velocity, =change, T=time)
a. FT=Mv
2
b. F T=Mv
c. FT=M v
d. F v=M T
20. In mechanics, if mass M, length L, and time T, are selected as primary units, force F will have the following equation
a. F=MLT
2 -1
b. F=MT L
2
c. F=MLT
-1 2
d. F=ML T
21. For a simple beam supported at each end and which is uniformly loaded
a. The shear at the center of the beam is zero
b. The moment diagram is a straight line
c. The shear at the reaction is minimum
d. The maximum moment occurs at the reaction
22. The phenomenon by which air enters a submerged suction pipe from the water surface is called:
a. Thixotropic
b. Dilatent
c. Vortex
d. Vacuum
23. The chemicals added to oil to increase the resistance to oxidation:
a. Viscous
b. Special oil
c. Additive
d. None of these
24. Compression ratio of an engine is:
a. Stroke (L) + clearance (L)
b. (Displacement volume +clearance volume)/(clearance volume)
c. (displacement volume)/(clearance volume)
2 2
d. 0.7854D L + 0.7854D + L
25. An internal fired boiler which is self-contained and primarily intended for temporary location and the construction and usage is
obviously not permanent.
a. Low pressure heating
b. Hot water supply boiler
c. Portable boiler
d. Miniature boiler
26. The use of carbon in steel is
a. Increase the hardness
b. Increase the ductility
c. Increase the resistance to shock
d. Decrease the resistance to fatigue
27. The loss of weight of a body submerged in a fluid is
a. Proportional to the depth of submerged
b. Equal to the weight of fluid displaced
c. Proportional to the weight of the body
d. Independent of the volume of the body
28. To comply the requirement of the Mechanical Engineering Law on the minimum compliment plant with a combined prime movers
rating of 373 KW must have in its employ the following:
a. 1 PME, 1 RME and 1 CPM
b. 1 PME, and 2 RME
c. 1 RME, and 2 CPM
d. 1 RME in-charge every shift
29. Before an RME may be allowed to take the licensure examinations for PME, he must have an activepractice of
a. 5 years
b. 4 years
c. 3 years
d. 6 years
30. Mechanical Plant engineer (MPE) may be allowedto take the licensure examinations for PME if
a. He has 4 years of active practice as a MPE
b. If he graduated with a BSME degree and has 4 years of practice as an RME
c. If he has a BSME degree, passed the examinations for RME and has a 4 years practice as RME.
d. None of these
31. The only country that recognizes the mechanical engineering license of Filipinos issued by the Professional Regulation Commission
and allowed to use the license in their country is
a. America
b. England
c. Japan
d. None of these
32. A statement of equality between two ratios:
a. Valuation
b. Theorem
c. Power factor
d. Proportion
33. The side opposite the right angle of a right triangle
a. Quadrilateral
b. Apothem
c. Hypotenuse
d. Median
34. A plane close curve, all points of which are the same distance from a point within, called the center is:
a. Chord
b. Circle
c. Arc
d. Radius
35. Two triangles are congruent if two angles and the included side of one arc are equal respectively to two angles and the included side
of the other.
a. Axiom
b. Postulate
c. Corollary
d. Theorem
36. The volume of a circular cylinder is equal to the product of its base and altitude:
a. Postulate
b. Corollary
c. Theorem
d. Axiom
37. Output over input:
a. Efficiency
b. Rate of return
c. Bond
d. Annuity
38. An instrument for measuring specific gravity of fluids:
a. Flowmeter
b. Hygrometer
c. Clinometers
d. Hydrometer
39. The ratio between the average load and total available capacity:
a. Demand factor
b. Capacity factor
c. Power factor
d. Load factor
40. The national Association for Mechanical Engineers accredited by the PRC:
a. PAMEE
b. AGMEEP
c. PSME
d. IIEE
41. Minimum grade of Mechanical Engineer required in the design and preparation of plans of a 280 KW diesel power plant:
a. RME
b. CPM
c. PME
d. MPE
42. The decrease in value of property due to passage of time:
a. Devaluation
b. Depletion
c. Salvage value
d. Depreciation
43. The difference between the book value and the actual lower resale value is:
a. Salvage value
b. Resale value
c. Fixed cost
d. Sunk cost
44. A number that consists of an integer part (which may be zero) and a decimal part less than unity that follows the decimal marker,
which may be a point or a comma.
a. Proper fraction
b. Improper fraction
c. Decimal fraction
d. Mixed number
45. A number containing a non-terminating but repeating decimal is a/an
a. Integer
b. Rational number
c. Natural number
d. Irrational number
46. When an imaginary number is raised to an even exponent, it
a. Becomes infinite
b. Becomes infinity
c. Becomes negative imaginary number
d. Becomes real number
47. A prime number has exactly how many divisors?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
48. Numbers used to count the objects or ideas in a given collection.
a. Cardinal numbers
b. Irrational number
c. Ordinal numbers
d. Numerals
49. The ratio of the equal revenue to the annual expenses:
a. Benefit-to-cost ratio
b. Income ratio
c. Rate of return
d. Benefit to cost ratio
50. The reciprocal of 20 is:
a. 0.50
b. 20
c. 0.20
d. 0.05
51. An instrument for measuring high temperature gases:
a. Atmometer
b. Altimeter
c. Odometer
d. Pyrometer
52. A rectangle with equal sides:
a. Rhombus
b. Trapezoid
c. Rectangle
d. Square
53. If equals are added to equals, their sum are equal:
a. Theorem
b. Axiom
c. Corollary
d. Postulate
54. A straight line perpendicular to one of two parallel planes is perpendicular to the other also.
a. Postulate
b. Theorem
c. Axiom
d. Corollary
55. The digits of a measurement which a scientist reads and estimates on a scale are called:
a. Accuracy
b. Significant
c. Precision
d. Experimentation
56. Galvanized iron is a term referring to iron coated with:
a. Aluminium
b. Tin
c. Magnesium
d. Zinc
57. The sum of the sides of a polygon:
a. Circumference
b. Perimeter
c. Square
d. Hexagon
58. A tax on imports:
a. Import tariffs
b. Import quote
c. Value added tax
d. Capital account
59. A line that meets a plane but is not perpendicular to it, in relation to the plane:
a. Parallel
b. Collinear
c. Coplanar
d. Oblique
60. A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel:
a. Triangle
b. Parallelogram
c. Trapezoid
d. Median
61. In the SI system of measurement, the base unit for mass is:
a. Kilogram
3
b. Kilogram/m
c. Joule
d. Newton
62. The maximum horsepower rating of a mechanical works or plant that can be tented or operated by a Certified Plant Mechanic:
a. 50 hp
b. 400 hp
c. 300 hp
d. 150 hp
63. Which is not a qualification of an applicant for ME board examination?
a. He must be a holder of BSME degree
b. He must be a citizen of the Philippines
c. He must be at least 18 years old
d. He must be a Certified Plant Mechanic
64. The standard acceleration due to gravity (English Unit)
2
a. 32.2 ft/s
2
b. 980 ft/s
2
c. 58.33 ft/s
2
d. 35.3 m/s
65. Those funds that are required to make the enterprise or project a going concern
a. Banking
b. Accumulate amount
c. Working capital
d. Principal or present worth
66. The length of time during which the property may be operated at a profit
a. Length of time
b. Economic life
c. Physical life
d. Life
67. Worth of the property as shown in the accounting records of an enterprise
a. Fair value
b. Market value
c. Use value
d. Book value
68. Cost of things that are neither labor or materials
a. Construction cost
b. Expenses
c. Labor cost
d. Investment
69. Kind of obligation which has no condition attached
a. Analytic
b. Gratuitous
c. Private
d. Pure
70. Gross profit, sales less cost of goods sold, as a percentage sales is called
a. Profit margin
b. Gross margin
c. ROI
d. Price earnings
71. What is the smallest perfect number possible?
a. 1
b. 6
c. 12
d. 8
72. The series of equal payments at equal intervals of time
a. Depreciation
b. Annuity
c. Interest
d. Amortization
73. The present worth of all depreciation over the economic life of the item is called
a. Maintenance
b. Capital recovery
c. Depreciation recovery
d. Annuity
74. What is the curve generated by a point rotating about its axis while travelling at constant speed parallel to its axis.
a. Helix
b. Cycloid
c. Spiral of Archimedes
d. Hypocycloid
75. The two classification of pumps
a. Centrifugal & water turbines
b. Propeller & impulse
c. Gear & oil pump
d. Reciprocating & rotary
76. A provision in the contract that indicates the possible adjustments of material cost and labor cost
a. Secondary clause
b. Specification
c. Escalatory clause
d. General provision
77. The maximum capacity that a Certified Plant Mechanic is authorized to handle
a. 400 hp
b. 150 hp
c. 300 hp
d. 500 hp
78. The logarithm of 1 to any base is
a. Inderterminate
b. Infinity
c. One
d. Zero
79. Money paid for the use of borrowed capital.
a. Depletion
b. Discount
c. Interest
d. Overhead
80. An index of short term paying ability is called
a. Current ratio
b. Receivable turn-over
c. Acid test ratio
d. Profit margin ratio
81. Which of the following is not a basic component of motion of a fluid element?
a. Twist
b. Translation
c. Volume distortion
d. Rotation
82. A legally binding agreement or promise to exchange or services:
a. Contract
b. Barter
c. Memorandum
d. Pro-forma
83. The PSME Code 1993 defines the five grades of Commercial Fuel Oil. It also provides specifications for underground and above
ground Oil Storage Tanks, such as for a maximum tank capacity of 1100 gallons the thickness of metal shall be
a. No. 14 gauge
b. No. 16 gauge
c. To be calculated by means of a given formula
d. No. 12 gauge
84. Fall after the increase reaches a certain variable amount, this is called
a. The process factor
b. The diminishing returns
c. Inflation
d. The law of supply and demand
85. Naperian logarithms have a base closest to which number?
a. 3.14
b. 2.17
c. 2.72
d. 10
86. The bacteria in sewage are mostly
a. Pathogenic
b. Anaerobic
c. Saprophytic
d. Parasitic
87. The gas from sludge digestion tanks is mainly composed of
a. Hydrogen sulphide
b. Nitrogen
c. Carbon dioxide
d. Methane
88. The equation y = a1 + a2x is algebraic expression of
a. Projectile motion
b. Cosine expansion
c. Potential energy
d. Straight line sine series
89. Liquid assets such as cash and other assets that can be converted quickly into cash, such as accounts receivable, and merchandise
are called:
a. Total assets
b. Fixed assets
c. Current assets
d. Land and buildings
90. Moment of inertia in SI is described as:
a. N-m
b. Farad/m
c. N/m
d. Ampere/m
91. Kinematics viscosity is an SI derived unit describe as:
a. Watt per meter Kelvin
b. Sq. Meters per second
c. Pascal second
d. Newton per meter
92. The length of time during which the property may be operated at a profit:
a. Life
b. Length of time
c. Physical life
d. Economic life
93. Form of business/company ownership:
a. Partnership
b. Corporation
c. Single proprietorship
d. A, B & c
94. Form of summary of assets, liabilities and net worth:
a. Balance method
b. Break even point
c. Balance sheet
d. Production
95. In a cantilever beam with a concentrated load at the free end, the moment is:
a. Constant along the beam
b. Maximum at the wall
c. ¼ maximum halfway out on the beam
d. Maximum at the free end
96. The ideal, reversible Carnot cycle involves four basic process. What type of processes are they?
a. All isentropic
b. Two adiabatic and two isentropic
c. All isothermal
d. Two isothermal and two isentropic
97. What is the expression for the heat of vaporization?
Hsubg = enthalpy of the saturated vapour
Hsubf = enthalpy of the saturated liquid
a. hsubf
2
b. h subg
c. hsubg
d. hsubg – hsubg
98. What is the origin of the energy conservation equation used in flow system?
a. First law of Thermodynamics
b. Second law of Thermodynamics
c. Newton’s Second law of motion
d. Newton’ First law of motion
99. What is the name of a vector that represents the sum of two vectors?
a. Scalar
b. Tensor
c. Resultant
d. Tangent
100. Prime numbers that appear in pair and differ by 2 (eg. 3and 5, 11 and 13 etc.) are called
a. Mesenne primes
b. Prime number theorem
c. Twin primes
d. Pseudo primes
101. Locus of points on a side which rolls along a fixed line:
a. Cardoid
b. Epicycloids
c. Cycloid
d. Hypocycloid
102. Grand total of the assets and operational capability of a corporation
a. Authorized capital
b. Investment
c. Earning value
d. Money marker
103. The economic order quantity (EOQ) is defined as the order quantity which minimizes the inventory cost per unit time. Which of the
following is not an assumption of the basic (EOQ) with no shortages?
a. The demand rate is uniform and constant
b. There is a positive cost on each unit inventoried
c. There is no upper bound on the quantity ordered
d. The entire reorder quantity is delivered instantaneously
104. When using not present worth calculations to compare two projects, which of the following could invalidate the calculations?
a. Mutually exclusive projects
b. Evaluation over different time periods
c. Non-conventional cash flows
d. Difference in the magnitude of the projects
105. The loss of weight of a body submerged in a fluid is:
a. Proportional to the weight of the body
b. Proportional to the depth of submergence
c. Equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
d. Independent of the volume of the body
106. Two classification of pumps are:
a. Reciprocating and rotary
b. Positive displacement & kinetic pumps
c. Centrifugal and turbine pumps
d. Gear pump & ram
107. In the proportion of four quantities, the first and the fourth terms are reffered to as the
a. Means
b. Extreme
c. Denominators
d. Numerators
108. Integral of sin x dx:
a. Sec x + C
b. –cos x + C
c. Cos x + C
d. Csc x + C
109. The theorem that every arithmetic progression a, a + d, a + 2d,......, where a and d are relatively prime.
a. Fibonacci theorem
b. Gauss theorem
c. Lejeune theorem
d. Dirichlet theorem
110. The intercept form for algebraic straight line equation is:
a. a/x + y/b = 1
b. y = mx + b
c. Ax + By + C = 0
d. x/a + y/b = 1
111. how is the material purchase price variance defined?
a. (quantity issued – std. Quantity) (std. Price)
b. (actual price – std. Price) (quantity used)
c. (Quantity purchase – quantity used) (actual price)
d. (quantity purchased X actual price) – (quantity purchased X std. Price)
112. An equality is reversed if both sides are multiplied by
a. Zero
b. 1
c. A positive number
d. A negative number
113. Gross profit, sales less cost of goods sold, as a percentage of sales is called:
a. ROI ratio
b. Profit margin
c. Gross margin
d. Price earnings
114. Parties whose consent or signature in a contract is not considered intelligent:
a. Dead person
b. Senior citizens
c. Demented person
d. Minors
115. An index of short term paying ability is called:
a. Receivable turnover
b. Profit margin ratio
c. Current ratio
d. Acid-test ratio
116. The greatest unit pressure the soil can continuously withstand:
a. Yield point
b. Bearing strength
c. Ultimate strength
d. Point of rapture
117. Cost of things that are neither labor or materials:
a. Labor cost
b. Investment
c. Construction cost
d. Expenses
118. Can be drawn to help visualize and simplify problems having diverse receipts and disbursements.
a. Free diagram
b. Economics diagram
c. Cash flow diagram
d. None of these
119. One joule of work is done by a force of Newton acting through a distance of:
a. One meter
b. A foot
c. One inch
d. One cm
120. The interest rate that is used in actual calculations is known as:
a. Nominal interest
b. Equivalent interest
c. Effective interest
d. None of these
121. The first derivative of kinetic energy with respect to time is:
a. Power
b. Momentum
c. Work
d. Force
122. What is the acid test ratio?
a. The ratio of owners equity to total current liabilities
b. The ratio of all assets to total liabilities
c. The ratio of gross margin to operating sales and administrative expenses
d. The ratio of current assets (exclusive of inventory) to total current liabilities
123. The procedure for determining the equivalent amount is known as
a. Earning
b. Benefiting
c. Profit
d. Discounting
124. Which of the following methods is most suited in evaluating/comparing alternatives with different (finite) lives?
a. Rate of return method
b. Present worth method
c. Urgency rating method
d. Uniform annual cost method
125. Those funds that are required to make the enterprise or project a going concern:
a. Working capital
b. Accumulated amount
c. Banking
d. Principal or present worth
n
126. The factor (1 + i) is known as the
a. Compound factor
b. Present worth factor
c. Annuity factor
d. Single payment compound amount factor
127. Is used only comparison with the rate of returns.
a. Minimum attractive rate of return
b. Maximum attractive rate of return
c. Payout period
d. None of these
128. The length of time, usually in years, for the cumulative net annual profit to equal the initial investment is called:
a. Receivable turnover
b. Return on investment
c. Price earning period
d. Payback period
129. Modes of extinguishing obligations when creditor abandon his right to collect:
a. Condonation
b. Forfeiture
c. Debt cancellation
d. Liquidated damages
130. Is restricted to evaluating alternatives that are mutually exclusive and that have the same lives.
a. Annual cost method
b. Rate of return method
c. Present worth method
d. Future worth method
131. ___________ by the users of the project are known as disbenefits.
a. Tangible
b. Intangible
c. Disbursement
d. Benefits
132. In replacement studies, the existing process or piece of equipment in known as the
a. Defender
b. Representation
c. Retained equipment
d. None of these
133. The straight line or a plane that divides a line, a plane, or an equal into two equal parts.
a. Line segment
b. Perpendicular
c. Trisector
d. Bisector
134. (u + pV) is a quantity called:
a. Flow energy
b. Shaft work
c. Enthalpy
d. Internal energy
135. Two angles whose sum is 90° is called
a. Obtuse
b. Explementary angles
c. Complimentary angles
d. Exterior angles
136. Circles having the same center but with unequal radii are called:
a. Concentric circles
b. Eccentric circles
c. Annulus
d. Describe circle
137. What is the color of the steam pipe?
a. Green
b. Violet
c. Silver gray
d. Light blue
138. A quadrilateral having all the vertices all on the circle is known as:
a. Cyclic quadrilateral
b. Rhombus
c. Trapezoid
d. Parallelogram
139. Dew point is which of the following?
a. Adiabatic saturation temperature
b. Temperature of grains of moisture per lb of bone dry air
c. Temperature of 50% RH
d. Wet bulb temperature
140. Air used for comfort cooling shall maintain a movement of from:
a. 4570 to 7620 mm/min
b. 7800 to 9200 mm/min
c. 6500 to 10,000 mm/min
d. 8.00 to 10.0 m/min
141. A polygon having one thousand side is known as:
a. Anagon
b. Kilogon
c. Chilliagon
d. Mega gon
142. Father of plane geometry
a. Euclid
b. Pythagoras
c. Aristotle
d. Galileo
143. Another term for rhombus is known as:
a. Diamond
b. Dichotomy
c. Cyclic quadrilateral
d. Bi-rectangular
144. Which of the four does not belong to the group?
a. Class D Fire – fire caused by LPG
b. Clas B Fire – fire caused by oil and other hydrocarbons
c. Class C Fire – electrical fire
d. Class A Fire – fire caused by light combustible materials like paper and wood
145. What is the name of vector that represents the sum of two vectors?
a. Scalar
b. Tensor
c. Resultant
d. Tangent
146. Which of the process where work done is zero?
a. Isentropic
b. Polytropic
c. Isometric
d. Isobaric
147. A specimen is subject to a load. When the load is removed, the strain disappears. From this information, which of the following can be
deducted about this material?
a. It is elastic
b. It has a high modulus
c. It is plastic
d. It is ductile of elasticity
148. Is a hollow tube that is placed longitudinally in the direction of fluid flow.
a. Venture-meter
b. Pitot tube
c. Barometer
d. Hollow tube pressure
2 2
149. The equation Ax + Bx + Cy + Dy + E = 0 is:
a. Circle
b. Parabola
c. Hyperbolic
d. Ellipse
150. The sum of the squares of the sine and cosine of angle
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3
151. A leak from a faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of this phenomenon?
a. Surface tension
b. Air resistance
c. Viscosity of the fluid
d. Gravity
152. A concrete mixture of 1:3:5 means a mixture of:
a. 6 measures gravel; 1 measure of sand and 3 cement
b. 1 measure of Portland cement; 3 measures of gravel; 5 sand
c. 1 measure of cement; 3 measure of sand; 5 measures of gravel
d. 1 measure cement; 3.5 of sand and 5 gravel
153. The heat transfer process in a cooling tower consists of a transfer of heat from water to:
a. Ice
b. Vapour
c. Unsaturated air
d. None of the above
154. Represents the friction factor graphically as a function of Reynolds number and relative roughness.
a. Ghant chart
b. Reynold’s chart
c. Moody chart
d. None of the above
155. The amount of heat heated to raise the temperature one lb of heat substance one degree Fahrenheit is:
a. BTU
b. Latent heat
c. Specific heat
d. Relative heat
156. The temperature of air that has gone through an adiabatic saturation process:
a. Kelvin temperature
b. Boiling temperature
c. Dew point temperature
d. Wet bulb temperature
157. The graphical representation of a cumulative frequency distribution in a set of statistical data is called______.
a. Histogram
b. Kurtosis
c. Lepticurtic
d. Ogive
158. The study of the properties and behaviour of atmospheric air is known as:
a. Gas dynamics
b. Thermodynamics
c. Psychrometrics
d. Atmospherics
159. If the roots of an equation are zero, then they are classified as
a. Hyperbolic solution
b. Zeros of function
c. Axtraneous roots
d. Trival solution
160. In any square matrix, when the elements of any two rows are exactly the same, the determinant is
a. Zero
b. Positive integer
c. Negative integer
d. Unity
161. The stroke whereby burned gases are discharge through the upward movement of the piston in a vale of an ICE which is open.
a. Intake stroke
b. Exhaust stroke
c. Power stroke
d. Compression stroke
162. Work of property as shown on the accounting record of an enterprise:
a. Use value
b. Market value
c. Fair value
d. Book value
163. The number 0.123123123...... is a/an
a. Irrational number
b. Surd
c. Rational number
d. Transcendental
164. In complex algebra, we use diagram to represent complex plane commonly called
a. Argand diagram
b. Venn diagram
c. Maxwell diagram
d. Cartesian diagram
165. A statement of truth which follows with little or no proof from the theorem.
a. Corollary
b. Axiom
c. Postulate
d. Conclusion
166. A series of equal payments occurring equal periods of time:
a. Instalment
b. Amortization
c. Perpetuity
d. Annuity
167. Decrease in value of a physical property with passage of time:
a. Valuation
b. Depreciation
c. Depletion
d. Interest
168. When vane control is used for mechanical draft fans and where a wide load range is required, it is advisable to use a:
a. Two-speed-drive-motor
b. Four-speed-drive-motor
c. Single-speed-drive-motor
d. Triple-speed-drive-motor
169. A_______ is an ancillary theorem whose result is not the target for the proof.
a. Postulate
b. Lemma
c. Hypotheses
d. Conclusion
170. If a = a, then it illustrates what law of identity?
a. Reflexive law
b. Law of symmetry
c. Transitive law
d. Substitution law
171. If a cost is a function of the independent variable, the cost is said to be a:
a. Increment cost
b. Direct cost
c. Fixed cost
d. Variable cost
172. Type of ownership in business where individuals exercise and enjoy rights in their own interest.
a. Equitable
b. Public
c. Private
d. Pure
173. An equation which is satisfied by all values of the variable for which the members of the equation is defined is known as
a. Linear equation
b. Rational equation
c. Conditional equation
d. Irrational equation
174. An algebraic expression which can be represented as a quotient of two polynomials.
a. Irrational algebraic expression
b. Rational algebraic expression
c. Reduced algebraic expression
d. Complex algebraic expression
175. The numbers which are represented with letters:
a. Variables
b. Unknowns
c. Literal numbers
d. Terms
176. Which of the following is the basis of Bernoulli’s law for fluid flow?
a. The principle of conservation of energy
b. The principle of conservation of mass
c. The continuity equation
d. Fourier’s Law
177. The source of power which acts as the prime mover for the generator, with horsepower ranging from 100 to 5000:
a. Steam engine
b. Motor
c. Gasoline engine
d. Diesel engine
178. The degree of polynomial or equation is the
a. Maximum exponent
b. Exponent of the first variable
c. Maximum sum of exponent
d. Maximum exponent of x
179. Used as guide to select the most efficient centrifugal pump:
a. Specific speed
b. Bernoulli’s equation
c. Impeller type
d. Overall efficiency
180. The balance sheet is a statement showing the financial status of the company at any given time. Which of the statements is not a part
of the balance sheet?
a. Liabilities
b. Cost of goods sold
c. Asset
d. Net worth
181. Heat transmission carried by the movement of heated fluids away from a hot body, as in the heating of water by a hot surface:
a. Radiation
b. Absorption
c. Convection
d. Conduction
182. For a right triangle, the side opposite to right angle is:
a. Opposite side
b. Adjacent side
c. Hypotenuse
d. Tangent side
183. The ______ system is used widely by chemist and physicists.
a. mks
b. cgs
c. SI
d. English
184. The types of cooler extensively used for medium and large size diesel engines:
a. Radiator cooler
b. Plate cooler
c. Shell and tube cooler
d. Disk cooler
185. An instrument for measuring temperature gases:
a. Manometer
b. Pyrometer
c. Planometer
d. Anemometer
186. 1 dyne =
a. g.cm/s²
b. kg.m/s²
c. lb.ft/s²
d. none of the above
187. The numbering system consists of three types of numbers: real, imaginary and ____.
a. Rational
b. Irrational
c. Integer
d. Complex
188. Numbers consist of rational numbers and irrational numbers.
a. Imaginary
b. Complex
c. Real
d. Whole number
189. The equilibrium temperature that a regular thermometer measures if exposed to atmospheric air is:
a. Wet bulb temperature
b. Dry bulb
c. Dew point
d. °C
190. The logarithm of a negative number is:
b. Imaginary number
c. Real number
d. Complex number
191. Numbers are non-terminating, non-repeating numbers that cannot be expressed as the ratio of two integers:
a. Rational
b. Imaginary
c. Irrational
d. None of these
192. In the equation y = x² + 3, y is _______
a. Independent variable
b. Dependent variable
c. Constant
d. Specific factor
193. Heat transmission carried by the movement of heated fluids away from a hot body, as in the heating of water by a hot surface:
a. Radiation
b. Absorption
c. Convection
d. Conduction
194. The types of cooler extensively used for medium and large size diesel engines:
a. Radiator cooler
b. Plate cooler
c. Shell and tube cooler
d. Disk cooler
195. An instrument for measuring high temperature gasses:
a. Manometer
b. Pyrometer
c. Planometer
d. Anemometer
196. The equilibrium temperature that a regular thermometer measures it exposed to atmospheric air is:
a. Wet bulb tempe
b. Dry bulb
c. Dew point
d. °C
197. The logarithm of a negative number is:
b. Imaginary number
c. Real number
d. Complex number
198. Cash money credit necessary to establish and operate an enterprise:
a. Funds
b. Assets
c. Capital
d. Liabilities
199. Direct labor cost incurred in the factory and direct material costs are costs of all materials that go into production. The sum of these
two direct costs are known as:
a. GS & A expenses
b. Prime costs
c. Operation and maintenance costs
d. O & M costs
200. Estimated value at the end of the useful life:
a. Salvage value
b. Compounded annually
c. Economic life
d. Balance sheet
A steel chimney is called : stack
1An imaginary cost representing what will not be received if a particular strategy is rejected
a. sunk cost b. oppurtunity cost c. replacement cost d. initial cost
2In replacement studies,the existing process or piece of an equipment is known as
a. challenger b. defender c. liability d. asset
3In replacement studies,the new process or piece of an equipment being considered for purchase is known as
a. challenger b. defender c. liability d. asset
4means that the cost of the asset is divided into equal or unequal parts,and only one of these parts is taken as an
expense each year a. capitalizing the asset b. expensing the asset c. depreciating the asset d. artificial expense
5Indicate the correct statement about depreciation
a. The depreciation is not the same each year in straight line method b. The declining balance method can be used
even ifthe salvage value is zero c. The sum of years digit method, the digits 1 to n (n+1) is summed
d. double declining balance depreciation is independent of the salvage value
6An artificial deductible operating expense designed to compensate mining organizations for decreasing mineral reserves
a. deflation b. reflation c. depletion d. inflation
7The change in cost per unit variable change is known as
a. sunk cost b. incremental cost c. fixed cost d. semi variable cost
8What type of cost increases step wise?
a. supervision cost b. direct labor cost c. semi variable cost d. operating and maintenance cost
9Which of the following is not a varibale cost?
a. cost of miscellaneous supplies b. income taxes c. payroll benefit costs d. insurance cost
, 10Which of the following is not a fixed cost?
a. rent b. janitorial service expenses c. supervision cost d. depreciation expenses
11 The annual cost that are incurred due to the functioning of a piece of equipment is known as
a. general,selling and administrative expensesa b. prime cost c. operating and maintenance cost d. total cost
12 The sum of direct labot cost and direct material cost is known as
a. prime cost b. total cost c. indirect manufacturing expenses d. total cost
13 Research and development costs and administrative expenses are added to the factory cost to give the _ of the
product
a. total cost b. marketing cost c. manufacturing cost d. prime cost
14 The sum of the prime cost and the indirect manufacturing cost is known as
a. factory cost b. research and development cost c. manufacturing cost d. total cost
15 The manufacturing cost plus selling expenses or marketing expenses equals
a. total cost b. indirect production cost c. administrative cost d, miscellaneous cost ,
16 Which of the following is not a direct labor expenses?
a. inspection b. testing c. supervision d. assembly
17 All are administrative expenses except
a. marketing b. accounting c. data processing d. office supplies
18 One of the following is not a selling or marketing expense.Which one?
a. advertising b. commission c. insurance d. transportation
19 Research and development expenses includes all except
a. testing b. drafting c. prototype d. laboratory
20Which is not a factory overhead expenses?
a. pension,medical,vacation benefits b. expediting c. quality control and inspection d. testing
21Bookkeeping consist of two steps nomely recording the transactions and categorization of transactions.Where are the
transactions receipts and disbursements recorded?
a. journal
22The following are the ledger accounts except
a. assset accounts b. bank accounts c. liability acounts d. owners equity accounts
23 The journal and the ledger together are known simply as _ of the company
a. accounting system b. the books c. bookkeeping system d. balance sheet
24'The basic accounting equation is
a. assets = liability + owners equity b. liability = assets + owners equity c. owners equity = assets + liability d.O.E.=liability
25The ability to convert assets to cash quickly is known as
a. solvency b. liquidity c. leverage d. insolvency
26The ability to meet debts as they become due is known as
a. solvency b. liquidity c. leverage d. insolvency
27. What is considered as an index of short paying ability?

a. current ratio b. acid test ratio c. gross margin d. return of investment
28.An acid test ratio is a ratio of
a. price earning ratio b. profit margin ratio c. return of investment d. gross margin
29. the ratio of net income to the owners equity is known as
c. return oo investment
30.Payback period is the ratio of
a. initial investment to net annual profit b. cost of goods sold to average cost of inventory on hand
c. gross profit to net sales d. net income before taxes to net sales
31.A secondary book of accounts the information in which is obtained from the journal
a. balance sheet b. ledger c, worksheet d. trial balance
32.The present worth of cost associated with an asset for an infinite of time is reffto as
a. annual cost b. capitalized cost c. increment cost d. operating cost
33.A stock of a product which is held by a trade body or government as a means of regulating the price of that product
a. stock pile b. hoard stock c. buffer stock d. witheld stock
34..A negotibale claim issued by a bank in lieu of a term deposit is called
a. cheque b. T-bills c. currency d. certificate of deposit
35.A form of business firm which is owned and run by a group of individuals for their mutual benefit
a. cooperative b. corporation c. enterprise d. partnership
36.A document which shows the legal ownership of financial security and entitled to payments there on
a. coupon b. contract c. bond d. consol
37.A government bond which have an indefinite life rather than a specific maturity
a. coupon b. contract c. bond d. consol
38.Refers to the order quantity that minimizes the inventory cost per unit of time
a. economic order quantity b. social order quantity c. public order quantity d. private order quantity
39What is referred to as an individual who organizes factors of production to undertake a venture with a view to profit?
a. agent b. entrepreneur c. salesman d. commissioner
40.The money that is inactive and does not contribute to productive effort in an economy is known as
a. idle money b. h ard money c. soft currency d. frozen asset
41A person qualified in book keeping and allied subjects and is duly registered by the Professional Regulation Commission
a. accountant b. bookkeeper c. engineer d. clerk
42.The financial statements of an individual or org anization prepared from a system of recorded financial transactions
a. accounts b. assets c. liabilities d. equity
43.The cost of maintaining a firm within which goods and services are produced these includes salaries,office rent,electricity
& water bil
a. administration cost b. equipment cost c. overhead cost d. miscellaneous cost
44.An individual or organization who acts in behalf of a client and buys or sells products or properties in return for a
commission
a. agent b. entrepreneur c. salesman d. commissioner
45.The creation of a new company by a combination of business units
a. amalgamation b. merger c. both a & b d. amortization
46.The required by law yearly meeting of shareholders of a corporation or organization
a. annual general meeting b. annual convention b. annual party d. annual dividend sharing
47The practice which effect the rest ricting,distort ing and eliminating competition in a market
a. anti competitive practice b. unfair practice c. mal practice d. no practice
48.The increase in the value of an asset also the increase in the value of currency against other currencies
a. appreciation b. depreciation c. depletion d. devaluation
49.The buying or selling of goods or products between two or more markets in order to take profitable advantage of any
differences
in the prices quoated in these market a. arbitrage b. buying c. selling d. profitering
50.A property or item owned by an individual or organization which has monetary value
a. asset b. liability c. property d. deposit
51.The selling of goods or products and services by competitive bidding
a. auction b. selling c. bidding d. smuggling
52. the legal requirement for an individual or company to have its balance sheet and trading and profit
a. audit b. examination c. inspection d. trading
53.An accountant duly licensed by PRC tasked to check the accuracy of a joint stock company's ledger account and annual
report
and accounts and to present an independent report to shareholders on whether the accounts present a true and fair views
of the company's affair a. auditor b. examiner c. CPA d. secretary
54The process in which human operations are substituted by mechanical or electronic operation or both
a. automation b. computerization c. instrumentation d. robotics
55.A commercial institution which receives deposits of money from the public and fulfills its obligation to return that money
to depositor when withdrawn. a. bank b. lending firm c. cooperative d. pawnshop
56.The condition where an individual or company is insolvent and is unable to meet its debts on due dates
a. bankruptcy b. insolvency c. both a & b d. deferred annuity
57An individual firm or organization who obta
ins loan from a bank in order to finance a business or investment
a. borrower b. lender c. customer d. citizen
58.A levy imposed by the government on the income of an individual and businesses and on the goods and services
a. tax b. tariff c. customs duty d. royalty
59.The residual value of a company's assets after all outside liabilities have been accounted for
a. equity b. assets c. company valued. company property
60.The prefix of 10^24
a. yotta b. zetta c. exa d. peta
a. tera b. giga c. mega d. hectokilo
a. tera . b. giga c. mega d. hectokilo
a. myria b. kilo c. hecto d. deci
3. myria b. kilo c. hecto d. deci
71.the prefix of 10^1
72.The prefix of 10-2
a. centi b. milli c. decimilli d. centimilli
73The prefix of 10"^3
74.the prefix of 10.^4
75.the prefix of 10-^5
76.fhe prefix of 10-^6
a. micro b. nano c. pico d. femto
77.the prefix of 10-^9
-^
78.the prefix of 10 12
79the prefix of 10"^15
80 The prefix of 10^ -18
a. atto b. zepto c. yocto
81 The prefix of 10^-21
82 The prefix of 10^-24
83. 10^18 is a. quintillion b. quadrillron c. 1 trillion d. billion
84. 10^15 quadrillion
85. 10^12 1 trillion
86. I gallon is equal to = a. 8 paints
87. 1 metric ton is equal to = 1000 kg
88. 1 short ton is 907.185 kg
89. 1 bushel is equal to 35,23907 liter
90. 1 furlong is equal to 201.168 meter
Stop here Stop here Stop here Stop here Stop here Stop here
reyns
ALGEBRA
ABSOLUTE ERROR - it is "the difference between an approximate value of a quantity and
its exact value or true value".
ABSOLUTE INEQUALITY- if an inequality is true for all values of the variable, it is a
ABUNDANT NUMBER - a natural number the distinct factors which have a sum exceeding
the number. For example, the factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5. The sum
of
the factors is 16 and is greater than 12.
ACCURACY - the àccuracy' is stated in the magnitude of the absolute or relative error of
the approximate value.
ADDEND ---Any one of the individual constants of an expressed sum of constants is called ADDITIVE IDENTITY - the
number' 0' such that ` 0 + a = a' for all à' is called the ADDITIVE IDENTITY ELEMENT- it refers to ' zero'.
ADDITIVE INVERSE - what is the àdditive inverse' of a + bi ? ( ans. - a - bi )
ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION - it refers to àny combination of symbols and numbers

related by the fundamental operation of algebra'.
ALGORITHM - the step by step procedure for solving a problem which specifically states
how to proceed in all circumstances, is called
ALWAYS POSITIVE - the absolute value of a non-zero number is àlways positive'. ANTECEDENT - the first term
of a ratio is called ` antecedent'.
APPROXIMATION - a value not exact but might be accurate enough for some specific
consideration.
ARITHMETIC SERIES - it refers to "the sum of the terms of an arithmetic progression". AUGEND-- in
theequation5+2=7, 5isknown as
AXIOM ... - It refers to a' statement of truth which is admitted without proof'. BINARY LOGARITHM -
logarithm of base 2 (denoted as Ib).
BINARY NUMBER SYSTEM - it is a system of notation for real numbers that uses the
place value method with 2 as the base.
CARDINAL NUMBERS - numbers used to count the objects or ideas in a given collection. CHRISTIAN KRAMP - the
factorial symbol ( ! ) was introduced in 1808 by
COMMON LOGARITHM - logarithm to the base 10 ( denoted as log I*).
COMMON MULTIPLE - a polynomial which is exactly divisible by two or more
polynomials, is called
COMMUTATIVE LAW of MULTIPLICATION - this refers to the "product of two or more

numbers is the same in whatever order they are multiplied".
COMPLEX FRACTION - it refers'to àny fraction which contains one or more fractions in
either numerator or denominator, or both Is called a
COMPLEX NUMBER - it is a number of the form a + bi with à' and `b' as real
constants and, ` I ' is the square root of -1.
COMPOSITE NUMBER - it refers to ` an integer which is the product of two integers,

both different from 1 and -1. It has at least 3 divisors.
CONDITIONAL EQUATIONS - it refers to an "equations whose members are equal only
for certain or possibly no value of the unknown".
CONJECTURE -it refers to a' mathematical statement which has neither been proved nor
denied by counter examples.
CONJUGATE - to eliminate a surd, multi vi it by its `conjugate'. CONSEQUENT - the 'second

term' of a ratio is called
CONSTANT of VARIATION - the ratio or product of two expressions in direct or inverse
relation which each other is called
CONVERGENCE SERIES - it refers to a "sequence or series of decreasing numbers or,

when the succeeding number is ` less than' the preceding term ".
CONVERGENT SERIES - If an infinite series has a finite sum, it is referred to as a
COROLLARY - it is a statement of truth which follows with little or no proof from the theorem. CRAMER'S RULE - it
refers to "a method of solving linear equation with several unknowns
simultaneously using determinants ".
CUBIC NUMBERS - a sequence 1, 4, 10, 20, 35, 56 ... . Is known as
DEFECTIVE EQUATION - it refers to àny equation which, because of some mathematical

Process, has fewer roots than its original ', is sometimes called as ...
DEGREE - - the number of elements in the collection being permuted Is the "degree" of the
permutation.
DEGREE of a POLYNOMIAL or EQUATION - is the "maximum sum of exponents".
DETERMINANT LAW - 1) when the corresponding elements of two roots of a determinant

are proportional, then the value of the determinants is ` zero'. 2) When two rows
are interchanged in position, the value of the determinant will be "multiplied by -1 ".
3) If every elements of a row (or column) are multiplied by a constant `k', then the
value of the determinant is " multiplied by `k' ". 4) If two rows of a determinant
are interchanged, the determinant `changes sign'.
DETERMINANT of the COEFFICIENT - using Cramer's rule, the determinant of the

coefficient is always the `denominator of a quotient'.
DISCRIMINANT - it determines the nature of the roots of a `quadratic equation'. If the

discriminant of a quadratic equation is less than zero, the equation has `
no
real root `.
DISTRIBUTIVE LAW - the axiom which relates addition and multiplication is the law.
DIVERGENT SERIES - if an infinite series has `no sum', it is referred to as a It is
a sequence of numbers where the succeeding term is greater than the preceding tern.
DIVISION - it cannot be used in the òperation of matrices'.
DYADIC NUMBER SYSTEM - another name of `binary number system'.
EULER's NUMBER - the number denoted as ` e 'and equal to 2.718... is called
The sum of the factorial ìnfinite series' 1+1/1! + Vz! + 1/3! + y,! + ... is " e ".
EVOLUTION - In algebra, It is `the operation of root extraction'.
EXTREMES - in the proportion of four quantities, the flrst and the fourth terms are
referred to as the ` extremes I.
FACTORIAL - a notation that represent the product of all positive integers from I to a
number' n' inclusive, Is known as
FACTORS -each of the two or more numbers which is multiplied together to form a
product are called
FERMAT's LAST THEOREM - a theorem which states that " if ' n ' is greater than 2,
the equation x2 + y° = Z° cannot be solved in positive integers x, y and z.
FIBONACCI's NUMBER - the unending sequence of integers formed according to the rule
that each integers is the sum of the preceding two.
FRACTIONAL EXPONENTS - the rules of combining radicals follow the rules for
FREQUENCY - it refers to a' characteristic of a population which is measurable'.
FUNCTION - a relation in which every ordered pair ( x, y) has one and only one value of 'y'
that corresponds to the value of `x' is called
GEOMETRIC MEANS - the numbers between two geometric terms, is called as
GOLDBACH CONJECTURE - It refers to "the conjecture that every even number except
2' equals the sum of two prime numbers ". Or, "every even integer greater
than 2 can be written as the sum of two primes", this is known as
GOOGLE -- a number 1 followed by 100 zeros or 10100 is called' google `.
GOOGLEPLEX - a number 10 exponent google or 10Eoogte is called `googleplex'.
GRAPH of an ELLIPSE - the equation 3x2 + 2y2 - 3x + 2y = 10 is a `graph of an ellipse'.
HARMONIC MEAN - the harmonic mean between " a & b" Is ` 2ab / a+b `
HARMONIC PROGRESSION - a progression whose reciprocal forms an arithmetic progression. HOMOGENOUS - it is "an
equation in which all terms are of the same degree".
HYPOTHESIS - that part of a `theorem' which is assumed to be true.
IMAGINARY NUMBER - when an imaginary number is raised to an even exponent, it
`becomes a real number'.
IMPLICIT FUNCTION - an equation in `x' and `y' which is not easily solved for `y' in
terms of `x' is called
INDETERMINATE EQUATIONS - It refers exclusively to equations with integer solutions.
INDEX -- --- the symbol `n' to the square root of `b' (!f ) means the principal nth root
I S" pr*L # ,s.
n' is called the 'index'.
INEQUALITY -it refers to a `statement that one mathematical expression is greater than
One or less than another' is called ` inequality'. If the same number Is added to both sides of an Inequality, the
inequality is `preserved '. An equality is
`preserved' if both sides are multiplied by à positive number'.
INTERSECTION - A set containing the elements that is common to the original sets.
INVOLUTION - It Is the òperation of raising to the integral power'.
IRRATIONAL EQUATION - it refers to àn equation in which the variable appear under the
radical symbol'.
IRRATIONAL NUMBER - it is a " number represented by a non-terminating, non-
repeating decimal".
INTEGRAL RATIONAL TERM - any algebraic term Is an ìntegral rational' term in
certain representing numbers If it consists of the product of possible integral powers of these numbers and a factor
not containing them.
JOHN VENN- venn diagram is a pictorial representation which helps us visualize the relations and
operations with sets. This was introduced by "John Venn".
LAW of SYMMETRY - if a = b, then b = a. This is known as ` law of symmetry'.
LEADING DIGIT - it is "the first non-zero digit from the left of the number".
LEMMA... - a proved proposition w/c is useful mainly as a preliminary to the proof of a theorem. LIKE TERMS - terms
that differs only in `numerical coefficient'.
LINEAR POLYNOMIAL - if the degree of the numerator is one more than the degree of the
denominator, the quotient is a' linear polynomial `.
LITERAL EQUATION - it refers to àn equation in which some or all of the known quantities
are represented by letters'.
LITERAL NUMBERS - it refers to `the numbers which are represented with letters'.
MATHEMATICS - the investigation of numbers, space and many generalizations of these concepts
created by the intellectual genius of man.
MATHEMATICAL DEDUCTION - the process of reasoning wherein a final conclusion Is

obtained by experimental method.
MATRIX - it is a " rectangular array of numbers forming `m' rows and `n' columns ". Defined
also as " an array of `mxn' quantities which represent a single number and is
composed of elements in rows and columns is known as a " matrix ".
Example : A ` 3 x 2 matrix ` can be multiplied to a ` 2 x 5 matrix `.
MEAN PROPORTIONAL - if the means of a proportion are equal, their common value is called _
It is the square root of the product of the extremes.
MEDIAN - - it is a `point in the distribution of scores at which 50 percent of the scores fall below
and 50 percent of the scores fall above'.
MIL -- - -- --- it is a unit of àngle and length '.
MIXED SURD - a surd which contains at least one rational term, is called
MODE - - - - it refers to " a number that occurs most frequent in a group of numbers ".
MONOMIAL - it is "an algebraic expression consisting of one term ".
MULTINOMIAL- it refers to an 'al ebraic expression consisting of a sum of any number of terms'.
MULTIPLICAND - in the equation n x m = q, Where ' n ' is called the `multiplicand'. MULTIPLICATIVE
IDENTITY ELEMENT- it refers to a value of ' 1 '.
MULTIPLICATIVE INVERSE - what is the `multiplicative inverse of a+ bi ?
( answer. a / (a2 + b2) - b /(a2 +b 2 )
NATURAL LOGARITHM - logarithm to the base 'e' (denoted as In
NATURAL NUMBERS - it is considered as a `counting numbers'.
N`x PARTIAL SUM - it refers to " the sum of the first 'n' terms of a series ".
NUMERALS - are symbols or combinations of symbols which describe a number.
NUMBERS -- `numbers' are used to describe a `magnitude and position'.
NUMBER THEORY - the study of the properties of the positive integers, is known as NUMBER ZERO - it
has no `multiplicative inverse '.
OCTENARY NUMBER SYSTEM- it is the other name of 'octal number system'
OGIVE ... .it refers to a 'graph of cumulative frequency distribution plotted at the class marks
and connected by a straight lines'.
ONE ROOT - the equation ax + b = 0 has exactly have " one root ".
OPEN SENTENCE - it refers to "a statement containing one or more variables and having the
property that it becomes either true or false when the variables are given
specific
values from their domains ".
OPERATION BOX - a rectangle is one of the standard symbols in flow charting, it refers to a
OPPOSITES - all real numbers have ' additive inverse ', commonly called as
ORDINAL NUMBERS - numbers which is used to state the Position of individual objects in a sequence.
PENTAGONAL NUMBERS - a sequence 1, 5, 12, 22, 35 ... is known as
PERFECT NUMBER - an integer number that is equal to the sum of all its possible divisors except
the number itself, is called All perfect numbers are èven numbers'.
POLYNOMIAL W/ REAL COEFFICIENTS - a polynomial w/ real coefficient can be factored

into real linear factors and irreducible `quadratic factors'.
POSITIVE NUMBER - every positive number has 'one' positive nth root.
POSITIVE ROOT - when a number has both a positive and a negative nth root, the principal nth
root is ` the positive root '.
POSTULATE - it refers to `the construction of drawing of lines and figures, the possibility of
which is admitted without proof'. A propositions concerning objects & constructions. POWER ... - when
the factors of a product are equal, the product is called a 'power' of the
repeated factor.
POWER SET- A set of all subsets of a given set, containing the empty set and the original set. PRIME NUMBER - it
is an integer greater than 1 which has '1 and itself as its only positive
divisors'. A prime number has exactly ' 2 divisors '.
PROBABILITY - if two events A and B are mutually exclusive events and the probability that 'A'
will happen is Pa and the probability that 'B' will happen is Pb, then the
probability
that A or B will happen is " Pa + Pb ".
PRODUCT - the "product " of two complex numbers is found by multiplying each term of the one
by every term of the other.
PURE QUADRATIC EQUATION - it refers to a quadratic equation of the form ax' + c = 0,

without the coefficient of the first degree term.
MIL -- - -- --- it is a unit of àngle and length '.
MIXED SURD - a surd which contains at least one rational term, is called
MODE - - - - it refers to " a number that occurs most frequent in a group of numbers ".
MONOMIAL - it is "an algebraic expression consisting of one term ".
MULTINOMIAL- it refers to an 'al ebraic expression consisting of a sum of any number of terms'.
MULTIPLICAND - in the equation n x m = q, Where ' n ' is called the `multiplicand'. MULTIPLICATIVE
IDENTITY ELEMENT- it refers to a value of ' 1 '.
MULTIPLICATIVE INVERSE - what is the `multiplicative inverse of a+ bi ?
( answer. a / (a2 + b2) - b /(a2 +b 2 )
NATURAL LOGARITHM - logarithm to the base 'e' (denoted as In
NATURAL NUMBERS - it is considered as a `counting numbers'.
N`x PARTIAL SUM - it refers to " the sum of the first 'n' terms of a series ".
NUMERALS - are symbols or combinations of symbols which describe a number.
NUMBERS -- `numbers' are used to describe a `magnitude and position'.
NUMBER THEORY - the study of the properties of the positive integers, is known as NUMBER ZERO - it
has no `multiplicative inverse '.
OCTENARY NUMBER SYSTEM- it is the other name of 'octal number system'
OGIVE ... .it refers to a 'graph of cumulative frequency distribution plotted at the class marks
and connected by a straight lines'.
ONE ROOT - the equation ax + b = 0 has exactly have " one root ".
OPEN SENTENCE - it refers to "a statement containing one or more variables and having the
property that it becomes either true or false when the variables are given
specific
values from their domains ".
OPERATION BOX - a rectangle is one of the standard symbols in flow charting, it refers to a
OPPOSITES - all real numbers have ' additive inverse ', commonly called as
ORDINAL NUMBERS - numbers which is used to state the Position of individual objects in a sequence.
PENTAGONAL NUMBERS - a sequence 1, 5, 12, 22, 35 ... is known as
PERFECT NUMBER - an integer number that is equal to the sum of all its possible divisors except
the number itself, is called All perfect numbers are èven numbers'.
POLYNOMIAL W/ REAL COEFFICIENTS - a polynomial w/ real coefficient can be factored

into real linear factors and irreducible `quadratic factors'.
POSITIVE NUMBER - every positive number has 'one' positive nth root.
POSITIVE ROOT - when a number has both a positive and a negative nth root, the principal nth
root is ` the positive root '.
POSTULATE - it refers to `the construction of drawing of lines and figures, the possibility of
which is admitted without proof'. A propositions concerning objects & constructions. POWER ... - when
the factors of a product are equal, the product is called a 'power' of the
repeated factor.
POWER SET- A set of all subsets of a given set, containing the empty set and the original set. PRIME NUMBER -
it is an integer greater than 1 which has '1 and itself as its only positive
divisors'. A prime number has exactly ' 2 divisors '.
PROBABILITY - if two events A and B are mutually exclusive events and the probability that 'A'
will happen is Pa and the probability that 'B' will happen is Pb, then the
probability
that A or B will happen is " Pa + Pb ".
PRODUCT - the "product " of two complex numbers is found by multiplying each term of the one
by every term of the other.
PURE QUADRATIC EQUATION - it refers to a quadratic equation of the form ax' + c = 0,

without the coefficient of the first degree term.
PYRAMIDAL NUMBERS - a sequence of numbers where every term is obtained by adding all the
preceding terms of a square number series such as 1, 5 , 14, 30, 55, 91 ...
QUADRATIC EQUATION - given the quadratic equation Axe + Bx + C = 0. What is the product
of the two roots ? (answer. ` C/A ` ).
QUOD ERAT DEMONSTRANDUM - Q.E.D. is often written at the end of a proof to indicate
that its conclusion has been reached. This means "guod erat
demonstrandum".
RADICAND - from the symbol ` n 'to the square root of ` b' , the preceding Item `b' is called RADIX - - --It refers to
`the base of the number system `.
RANGE ... - It refers to `the difference between the highest score and the lowest score in the
distribution'.
RATIONAL ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION - refers to àn algebraic expression which can be

represented as a quotient of two polynomials '.
RATIONAL EQUATION - it refers to an èquation' which is satisfied by all values of the variable
for which the members of the equation is defined.
RATIONAL NUMBER - it refers to a " number which can be expressed as a quotient of two
Integers (division of zero excluded)". The real number system has numbers other
than the `rational numbers'. It also refers to a ' number containing a non-
terminating but repeating decimal `. (Example of rational number is 0.123123123 ).
REAL ROOTS or a CUBIC EQUATION - are the ` points of intersection of the graph of the
equation with the x-axis `.
RECIPROCALS - all real numbers except zero have multiplicative inverses, commonly called as REDUNDANT
EQUATION - it refers to àny equation which, because of some mathematical
process has acquired an extra root', is sometimes called as
REFLEXIVE LAW - if a = a , then it illustrate the ` reflexive law' of identity.
RELATIVE ERROR - it is " the quotient of the absolute error divided by the true value ".
RELATIVELY PRIME - two natural numbers à' and `b' are relatively prime if their greatest
common divisor is 1 .
ROBERT RECORDE - the symbol of equality (_) was introduced in 1557 by
ROMAN NUMERALS - the letter symbol of " D " in the roman numeral is equal to " 500
MCMXCIV is the roman numeral equivalent to' 1994 '.
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION - a number is said to be in " scientific notation" when it is written as the
product of number having the decimal point just after the leading digit, and a
power of 10.
SEQUENCE - it refers to a `succession of numbers in which one number is designated as first,

another as second, another as third and so on, is called
Briefly, It refers to " a set of numbers arrange in a definite order".
SERIES .. - an indicated sum at + a2 + a3 + ... is called a series.
SEXAGESIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM - a number system using a place value (or base) of '(U'. SIGNIFICANT ERROR - it is any
one of the digits from 1 to 9 inclusive and '0' except when it is
used to place a decimal.
SOLUTION SET - two or more equations are equal if and only they have the same "solution set". SQUARE-FREE
INTEGER - it refers to a `positive integer which has no perfect-square factor
greater than I.'
SQUARE MATRIX- if there are as many equations as unknowns, the matrix of the coefficient is a ... SQUARE
NUMBERS - a figurate numbers which can be drawn as dots and arranged in `square
shape' (i.e. 1, 9, 16, 15 ... )
SUBST'IT'UTION LAW - if a = b, then `b' can replace à' in any equation. This illustrates the
`substitution law of identity `.
St TRI) - -- an irrational number which is a root of a positive integer or fraction, is called a surd.
It is a `radical which is equivalent to a non-terminating and non-repeating decimal'.
A radical expressing an ìrrational number' is called a 'surd '.
- when all `x' are replaced by `y' and all `y' are replaced by `x' and the equation
remains the same, then the equation is said to be' symmetric `.
TAKING THE LOGARITHM of BOTH SIDES - if the unknown in a conditional equation occurs as
an èxponent', the best way to solve the unknown is by `taking the log of both sides'.
TERM --- - - in algebra, this consists of products and quotients of ordinary numbers and letters
which represent numbers. ( See `like terms' )
TRANSCENDENTAL, NUMBER - a number which cannot be a root of an integral rational equation. TRANSITIVE LAW -
if a = b and b = c, then a = c, this illustrates ` transitive law'.
TRIANGULAR NUMBERS - are numbers which can be drawn as dots and arranged in
triangular shape (i.e. 1,3, 6, 15, 21 ... )
TRIVIAL ROOTS - if roots are equal to zero, it is referred to as `trivial roots'.
TRUNCATION - the number pi = 3.141592653 ... .. if only four decimals are required, it becomes
3.1415 ... .. this process is called
TWIN PRIZES - prime numbers that appear in pair and differ by ' 2 ' (e.g. 3 & 5, 11 & 13, etc.)
TWO REAL ROOTS - if the discriminant of a quadratic equation is greater than zero, then it has
`two real roots'. If èqual to zero', then it has " one root ".
UNIT FRACTION - a common fraction with unity for numerator and a positive integer as
denominator (i.e. 1/n ).
UNITY -- - -- all numbers multiplied by its reciprocal equals 'uni '.
VARIABLE - a symbol holding a place for an unspecified constant. It also refers to as an
" arbitrary constant or a parameter ".
VARIANCE - it refers to `the second power of the standard deviation'.
VIGESIMAL NUMBER SYSTEM - a number system using a place value or base of' 20 '.
VENN DIAGRAM - In statistics, a pictorial description of the probability concepts of independent

and dependent events is called
ZERO ... - it refers to an àdditive identity element'. It refers to "an absolute value of a
number less than one but greater than negative one raised to exponent infinity".
It is equal to " any number divided by infinity".
1. The _____of a number are numbers that when multiplied with each other gives the value of the number.
C. Factors
B. Least Common Multiple
B. 2
B. Extremes
A. Pappus Rule
B. Guldinus Rule
D. Simpson’s Rule
10. It is a general formula used to find the volume of any prism, pyramid or frustum of a pyramid. C. Prismoidal Formula
Below are the answer to the questions posted on the subject Engineering Economy.
1. It is a depreciation method based on the assumption that the value of a property is directly proportional
to its age.
A. Straight Line Method
2. Which of the following is NOT a requirement of a depreciation method?
D. The book value should be higher than the market value
3. The decrease in the purchasing power of money
C. Inflation
4. Equal periodic payment of a debt.
B. Amortization
5. Minimum number of years required for a bond redemption.
C. 10 years
6. Amount of money spent on a business operation which cannot be recovered due to certain reason.
B. Sunk cost
7. Represents share in the ownership of the capital corporation.
C. Stock
8. It is the actual interest earned by the principal in ONE YEAR.
A. Effective interest
9. A type of annuity where the payment goes on indefinitely
B. Perpetuity
10. An economic situation when there is only one vendor of a product or service.
B. Monopoly
Here are the answers and solutions to the posted questions on Engineering Mechanics.
1. A 20kg block is resting in a horizontal surface. Calculate the force required to move it if the coefficient of
static and dynamic friction are 0.75 and 0.6 respectively.
Solution:
F= (COF) N
N=W=mg= (20kg) (9.81m/s2)
F= 0.75 (20) (9.81) ; use static COF if the body is at rest
F= 147.15 N (B)
2. A 100kg object is sliding over a surface with static and dynamic coefficient of friction values of 0.5 and
0.3 respectively. If the initial velocity of the object is 10m/s, how long will it travel before it completely
stops?
Solution:
FBD
Assuming dynamic equilibrium:
Summation of horizontal force:
REF-Fr=0
9/6/2010 Mechanical Engineering Blog Site
tupmechanical.com/…/board exam qu… 17/19
REF=Fr
REF= (W/g) (a)
Fr= (COF) (N)
Summation of Vertical forces:
N=W
(W/g)(a)=(COF)(N)
a/g=COF
a= (COF) (g)
Note: Use dynamic COF value since the body is already in motion.
a=0.3 (9.81) = 2.943 m/s2
a=-2.943 (negative, because the body is decelerating)
Using the rectilinear motion equation:
V^2= v0^2+2aS
S= (V2-v02)/ (2a)
Since the final velocity is zero
S= (0-10) ^2/ (2) (-2.943)
S=16.989 m (A)
3. A 1kg ball is tied at the end of a 1.5m long rope and then rotated at the speed of 100 RPM. Calculate the
tension on the rope.
F=ma;
a=v^2/r (normal acceleration for revolving bodies)
v= (pi)(D)(N)/60=2pirN/60
v=2(3.1416)(1.5)(100/60)
v=15.708 m/s
a= (15.708)^2/1.5
a=164.5 m/s2
F=1(164.5)
F=164.5 N (D)
4. A bullet is fired vertically from a gun situated 2 m above the ground. If the initial speed of the bullet is
100m/s, how high will it travel before it starts falling? Assume negligible air resistance.
V^2=v0^2+2as; a=-g (decelerating at the value of freely falling acceleration)
V=0; since at the highest point, the bullet will stop and starts falling down.
0=100^2+2 (-9.81)(S)
S=509.7 m+2m
S=511.7 m (D)
5. A missile is fired from North Korea and is targeted towards South Korea. If the distance between the two
countries is 100km and the firing angle is 45 degrees, at what velocity should the missile be fired to reach
its target? Assume negligible air resistance.
From projectile derived equations:
Range=v0^2 (sin2X)/g
100000m= (v0^2) (sin(90)/(9.81m/s2)
V0=990.45 m/s (C)
6. Calculate the polar moment of inertia of a 30 cm diameter circular board.
J=(pi)D^4/32
J=(pi) (30 cm) ^4/32
J=(3.1416)25312.5 cm^4
J=79521.6 cm^4
7. A 20mm thick, 50 cm in diameter wheel made of cast iron (density: 6.0kg/cu m) starts rotating from rest
and in 1 minute, attained an angular speed of 200 RPM. Calculate the angular acceleration in rad/s2?
= ( - 0)/t
0=0 (from rest)
=200 rev/min (1min/60s) (2pi rad/rev)
= 20.944 rad/s
= (20.944 rad/s)/ (60s)
=0.349 rad/s2 (B)
8. A 2kg ball starts rolling down from the top of a 100m-high hill towards the plains. Calculate the final
speed of the ball when it reaches the foot of the hill. Assume negligible friction.
V^2=v0^2+2as; a=g=9.81m/s2
V^2=0+2(9.81) (100)
V=44.294 m/s (D)
9. A 500kg car is moving around a 500 m radius road with 5 degrees banking. If the minimum friction
between the tires and the road is 0.2 during rainy days, calculate the maximum speed limit.
Tan (X) =v^2/gR; for speed limit computation, the assumption is NO FRICTION (for safety factor)
Tan (5) =v^2/ ((9.81) (500))
V= 20.715 m/s
V=74 kph (C)
10. A 2kg object with a velocity of 10m/s hits a 3kg object at rest, sticks with it and move together in the
Conservation of momentum
m1v1+m2v2= (m1+m2) (v)
v= (m1V1+m2v2)/ (m1+m2)
v= (2kg (10m/s) +3kg (0))/ (2kg+3kg)
v = 4m/s (C)
73) A plot between power generated in MW and time is known as.:
a) load curve b) load duration curve c) load factor d) demand factor
74) Which one of the following is an integrator :
a) transformer b) exciter c) lightening arrestor d) oil circuit breaker
75) Critical speed of turbine is :
a) same as maximum operating speed d) the speed at which the shaft will break
b) same as run away speed
c) the speed at which the number of natural vibrations or natural frequency equals
the number of'
`rpm' or certain multiples thereof
76) The falling drops of rain acquire spherical shape on account of
a) viscosity b) surface tension c) compressibility d) buoyancy e) vapor pressure
77) Which of the following pumping device for supplying water to boiler does not have moving
parts ?
a) simplex pump c) single stage centrifugal pump e) steam infector
b) duplex pump d) multi-stage centrifugal pump
78) A `foot valve' is provided on
a) centrifugal pumps b) Kaplan turbines c) Pelton wheels d) High pressure devices
79) The `foot valve' is provided on :
a) on suction line c) both suction and delivery line
b) neither suction and delivery line d) on delivery line
80) Which of the following component of a reciprocating pump is not made of cast iron ?
a) cylinder b) air vessel c) foot valve d) shaft
81) The breaking up of a liquid into fine droplets by spraying, is called :
a) vaporization b) venturi effect c) atomization d) carhuretion
82) What is a `Redwood Viscometer' ?
a) Compares viscosities of fluids c) Measures dynamic viscosity
h) Measures kinematic viscosity d) Measures absolute viscosity
83) Concentrated solution of sugar is a :
a) Dilatant fluid b) Pseudo plastic fluid c) Newtonian fluid d) Ideal fluid
84) The speed of a submarine and air craft can be measured by :
a) Pitot tube b) Hot wire anemometer c) Pirani gauge d) Inclined manometer
85) The square root of ìnertia force' over the force due to compressibility , is known as :
a) Froudes number b) Mach number c) Weber number d) Prandtl's number
86) The square root of ìnertia force' over the pressure force, is known as :
a) Euler's number b) Weber's number c) Mach number d) Prandtl's number
87) The square root of ìnertia force' over the gravity force, is known as :
a) Reynolds number b) Mach number c) Froudes number d) Prandtl's number
88) One Kilo-Pascal is the same as :
a) 1 000 N/mm2 b) 1 000 N/cm2 c) 1000 kg/mm2 d)

1000 N/M2
89) Surface tension is due to:
a) cohesion only b) adhesion only c) cohesion & adhesion d) neither cohesion & adhesion
90) Pascai-second is the unit of :
a) pressure b) surface tension c) kinematic viscosity d) dynamic viscosity
91) Capillarity is due to
a) cohesion only c) both cohesion & adhesion
h) adhesion only d) neither cohesion & adhesion
92) If the forces due to inertia, gravity and frictional resistance are insignificant, the design of
the
channel may be made by comparing :
a) Weber number b) Re}mold's number c) Froude's number d) Prandtl's number
93) A `hydraulic jump' can occur under all of the following conditions EXCEPT
a) on the upstream side of the sluices d) at the foot of the spillways
h) where the gradient suddenly changes from a steep slope to a flat slope
c) when water moving in shooting flow impacts with water having larger depth w,
streaming flow 94) In which of the following types of flow the losses are maximum ?
a) laminar flow b) Turbulent flow c) Critical flow d) Transition flow

95) Best section for òpen channel flow' is
a) semi-circle b) rectangular c) triangular d) trapezoidal
96) Hydraulic Jump is a :
a) steady uniform flow c) non-steady non-uniform flow
b) non-steady uniform flow d) steady non-uniform flow
97) Which fluid is the heaviest ?
a) Air b) Castor oil c) Glycerine d) Carbon tetrachloride
98) The minimum diameter necessary to avoid `capillary rise' in the manometer is
a) 1 mm b) 3 mm c) 6 mm d) 15 mm
99) The ` Ig ass' is considered as a
a) solid b) crystal c) frozen liquid d) liquid metal
100) One poise is equivalent to :
a) 1 gm/cm-sec b) 9.8 dyne/sec c) 1 kg/m-hr d) 9. 8 kgf-/m-sec
101) A `hydrograph' is a plot of :
a) rainfall intensity against time c) cumulative rainfall against

time
b) discharge against time
d) cumulative run off against
time
102) Under which of the following conditions, Bernoulli's equation cannot be applied :
a) when the flow is rotational c) when the flow is unsteady
b) when the flow is turbulent d) All of a, b, c
103) In which of the following case of modeling, Reynold's number will be used for studying ?
a) hydraulic jump c) Flow of castor oil through pipes
b) flow configurations of harbors d) All of a, b, c
104) A `rotameter' should always be installed in :
a) horizontal position c) inclined at 30 deg. to vertical
b) vertical position d) inclined at 40 deg, to vertical
105) When the relationship between the 'Reynold's number' and the friction factor is represented b}
a straight line, the flow is said to be :
a) isentropic flow b) laminar flow c) turbulent flow d) vortex flow
106) A `surge tank' is provided in the hydro-power schemes to :
a) strengthen the penstock c) reduce frictional losses in the system
b) reduce water hammer pressure- d) minimize the cost of hydro-power development
107) In a flow field , `stagnation point' is a point where the
a) velocity is zero c) pressure is zero
b) gravitational effect is zero d) both pressure & velocity is zero
108) For a `floating ship' to be in equilibrium, the metacentre should be
a) exactly at the center of gravity c) closer to center of gravity

b) below the center of gravity d) above the center of gravity
109) A body with a rounded nose and along tapering tail is usually best suited for
a) laminar flow b) supersonic flow c) sonic flow d) turbulent subsonic flow
110) Priming is required in
a) centrifugal pumps b) gear pumps c) reciprocating pumps d) Al! of the a, b, c
111) A `draft tube' converts :
a) pressure energy into kinetic energy c) velocity head into potential head
b) potential head into pressure head d) kinetic energy into mechanical energy
112) A `hydraulic lump' is classified on the basis of initial :
a) Weber number b) Mach number c) Reynold's number d) Froude's number
113) Model analysis of aeroplanes and projectiles moving at supersonic speed are based on :
a) Reynold number b) Weber number c) Froude's number d) Mach number
114) If the Froude's number in open channel flow is equal to 1.0, the flow is known as :
a) laminar flow b) turbulent flow c) shooting flow d) critical flow e) streaming flow
115) Water turbines may be put in the decreasing order of specific speed as
a) Propeller turbine, Reaction turbine, Impulse turbine ... ( P.R.I.)
b) Pelton turbine, Francis turbine, Kaplan turbine ... (P F.K.)
c) Reaction turbine, Impulse turbine, Propeller turbine ... ( R.I.P.)
ALGEBRA- is that part of mathematics in which the relations & properties of numbers are
investigated by means of symbols.
BINOMIAL THEOREM- is a formula for raising a binomial expression to any power without
a lengthy multiplication.
BINOMIAL EXPRESSION- is one in which contains two or more terns connected by a plus or
minus sign. QUADRATIC FORMULA- an equation of the second degree in its variable.
The highest power of the unknown quantity is 2.
EQUATION- a statement that two quantities are equal. To solve an equation means to
find the value of unknown. The value of the unknown is called the root of the equation-
IDENTITY- is a relationship which is true for all values of the unknown, whereas an equation is
only true for all particular values of the unknown.
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATION- an equation which have to be solved together to find the
unique values of the unknown quantities.
SUBJECT OF THE FORMULA- the single term on the left hand side of the
equation. TRANSPOSITION- to arrange the formula or equation to make a
new subject.
RATIO & PROPORTION- the ratio of one quantity to another is a fraction and is the number
of times one quantity is contained in another quantity of the same kind.
PROPORTION- is a statement of equality between two ratios.
ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION- a sequence that has a constant difference between successive terms.
GEOMETRIC PROGRESSION- a sequence of constant ratio between successive terms.
HARMONIC PROGRESSION- a sequence of terms whose reciprocal are in arithmetic progression.
DETERMINANTS- a square arrays of terms called elements with n columns and n rows
enclosed by a vertical bars.
PERMUTATION- refers to the arrangement of objects in a definite order.
COMBINATIONS- a collection of objects regardless of sequence or order of arrangement. By

combination of it different things taken r at a time means all possible selections
consisting of r things chosen from n different things without regard to order of
arrangement or selection.
PROBLEMS:
1 Twentri stones are placed in a straight line on the ground at intervals of 5 meters. Twenty
meters from the
first stone, a basket is placed from which a runner starts. The runner picks the stone one at a
time & carries
them back to the basket. How- far does the runner ran in all? ( Ans. 2.700 Meters)
2. A child in a swing moved an arc 15 feet in length, then back three-fourths of this distance & so on until the
swing stopped. Find the distance traveled. ( Ans. 60 feet)
3. How many permutations can be made out of numbers 124 3 taken two at a time? (Ans. 6)
4. How many was can six people be seated in a round table? ( Ans. 120 )
5. How many combinations can be taken out of the letters a, b, & c taken two at a time? (Ans. 3
6. How many ways you can invite one or more of your ten friends on your birthday? ( Ans. 254
7.For a single question in the board examination, there four choices & only one is correct. By guessing what
is the probability that you will get the correct answer? ( Ans. '/C )
S. If a ball is drawn at random. what is the probability that it is blue? If two balls are drawn at
random, what is
the probability that both are red? If two balls are drawn at random, what is the probability that
one is blue and
the other is red? ( Ans. 4/9.'/2, 5/9 )
9. Cars A & B. 100 kms. Apart, travels toward each other at 20 kph & 30 kph respectively. A
bird which can
f l y at 50 kph, starts from A then flies to B then back to A & so on until the cars meet. Find the
total distance
traveled by the bird. ( Ans. 100 kms. )
10. Eight men can dig 150 NI of trench in 7 hours. three men can backfill 100 M of trench in four hours. How
long will it take ten men to dig and backfill 200 M trench? ( Ans. 9.86 hrs. )
I 1 If the population of the Philippines increases 5 % each year, find the percentage it will increase in three
years? ( Ans. 15.76 % )
12. A 40 grams alloy containing 30 % gold is to be melted with a 25 % grams alloy

containing 60 % gold. How much percentage of gold is the resulting alloy?
13. Eight metric ton of steel containing 10 % nickel is to be made by mixing a steel
containing 8 % nickel
with another steel containing 12 % nickel. How much of the steel containing 8 % is
needed? ( Ans. 4.000 kgs)
t4. How many minutes after 6:00 p.m. will the minute hand coincides with the hour hand? ( Ans. 32.73 )
15. How many minutes after 9:00 o'clock will the hands of the clock opposite each other? ( Ans. 16.36 )
16. Two tines the father's age is 8 more than 6 times his son's age. Ten years ago the sum of their ages is 44.
Find the age of the son now. ( Ans. 15 yrs
17. Peter's age 13 years ago was 1/3 of his age 7 years hence. How old is Peter now? ( Ans. 23 yrs
18. Three times the first three consecutive odd integer is three more than twice the third integer. Find the third
integer. ( Ans. 15 )
19. One number is five less than the other number. If their sum is 135. what are the numbers? ( Ans. 65 & 70)
20. The sum of the di ail of a 3 digit number is 14. The hundred's digit being 4 times the unit digit. If 594 is to be
subtracted from the number , the order of the digits will be reversed. Find the number. ( Ans. 8-4-2
21. A & B together weighs 188 kilograms. They balance when A is seated 1.5 M from the fulcrum, and B
seated 2 Mon the other side. Find the weight of A & B. ( Ans. 107.43 & 80.57 kgs. )
22. Students being surveyed of the subjects they liked most. 30 like Mathematics, 29 liked English and 16
liked Historv. 20 said they liked both Mathematics & English and 12 said they liked English & History but
only 8 said they liked both Mathematics & History. Only 5 said they liked all 3 subjects and none admitted
that they don't like any subject. How many students are being surveyed? ( Ans. 40
23. In a survey, it was found out that 53% smoke cigarette A 46% smoke cigarette B and 32% smoke
cigarette C. 30% smoke cigarette A&B. 22% smoke cigarette A&C, and 15% smoke cigarette B&C. Only 10
%, smoke cigarette A, B & C. What is the percentage that didn't smoke and what percent smoke exactly two
brands of cigarette? ( Ans. 74% and 37% )
24. A car 5 M long overtakes a truck 10 M long, which is traveling at 80 kph. How fast must the car travel to
pass the truck in 3 seconds? ( Ans. 27.22 M/sec or 97.99 kplh)
25. It takes 12 seconds for 2 trains to pass each other moving in opposite direction. If they move in the same
direction, the faster train which is 130 M long could pass the slower train which is 120 M long in 3 minutes.
Find their rates. ( Ans. Rf= 10.78 M/sec. Rs=9.06 M/sec )
26. It takes Michael 62 seconds to run around a 450 M-track. How long does it take Jordan to n in around the track if
they meet in 26 seconds after they start together in a race around the track in opposite direction?
( Ans. 10.05 seconds)
27. Mr. Bush can wash his car in just 20 minutes, while his son Mr. Bush Jr. takes twice as long to do the job.
If Mr. Bush Sr. & Jr. work together, how many minutes can they do the washing? ( Ans. 13.33 minutes )
28. One pipe can fill a tank in 6 hours. another pipe can fill the same tank in four hours. A drain pipe can empty
the full content of the tank in 17 hours. With all 3 pipes are open, How long will it take to fill the tank?
( Ans. 2.79 hrs. )
29. Peter and John can do a job in 4 hours. On a given day, they worked together in 1 hour, then John left and Peter
finishes the rest of the work in 7 more hours. How long will it take for Peter to do the job alone?
( Ans. 9.33 hrs.
30. In what ratio must a peanut costing P240/kg be nixed with a peanut costing P340/kg so that a profit of 20
%o is made by selling the mixture at P360/kg. ( Ans. 2:3
31. An alloy of silver & gold 15 oz. in air & 14 oz. in water. Assuming that the silver losses 1/10 of its weight
in water & gold losses 1/18 of its weight. How many oz. at each metal are in the alloy'? ( Ans. 3.75 & 11.25 )
32. a 50 gram alloy containing 40 % gold is to be melted with a 25 gram alloy containing 50 %0 gold. How
much percentage of gold is the resulting alloy? ( Ans. 43.33 %, )
33. A group consists of n boys and n girls. If two of the boys are replaced by two other girls. then 49 % of the
group members will be boys. Find the value of n. ( An. 100 )
34. How many minutes after 10:00 o'clock will the hands of the clock be opposite each other? ( Ans. 21.81 )
35. The witness said. he saw the bank robbers got inside the bank at exactly 3:05 p.m. and got out just after the
minute hand overtook the hour hand How many seconds did the robbery done? ( Ans. 654 seconds )
36. A father is 3 times as old as his son. Four years ago, he was 4 times as old as his son was at that time.
How old is his son? ( Ans. 12 Yrs old)
37. The age of the mother & daughter are 45 & 5 respectively. How many years will the mother be 3 times as
old as her daughter? ( Ans. 15 years )
38. The sum of the parents ages is twice the sum of the ages of their children's ages. Five years ago, the sum
of the parent's ages is 4 times the sum of their children's ages. In 15 years, the sum of the parent's ages will
be equal to the sum of their children's ages. How many children were in the family? ( Ans. 5
Economics = the study of the wcaltli, its value, creation and distribution.
Interest = tlie m o h y paid for tlie use of borrowed capital.
Rate of Interest = tbe amount of irite~cst earned by a unit of principal in a
"nit period of time.
~ a t c ' odf i scount = the discount on one unit of priricipil for one unit of tiriie.
Discourit = tlie difference betweell the present value and the worth of money
;at some time in the future.
Annuity= is a series of equal payments occuring at equal periods of time.
Ordiriary anriuity = tlie first pay~iieritis rrlade at tlie elid of tlie first period.
Deferred annuity = = the first payliicnt does not beyin until some later date.
Perpetuity = i s a series of equal payrnents wliicli tlie paynients contiiiue indifinitely.
&
Par value = the value of the stock as stated on the stock certificate.
Market value, = is tlic price a willillg buyer will pay for a willirig seller for the
, stock.
,,
Book value = is tlie worth of tlie property which is equal to ;be origirial coit
less the arnount vvliicl~h as bee11c liarged to depreciation.
Scrap value = the a~iiounth at the prol~ertyw ould bririg i f sbld for julik.
Rate base value = tlie value assiyricd to tlie for purposes of establish-
, ing rates,
Stock and'bond value = is tlie su~ii of the outstandi~iy bonds multilllied by
their current market value plus the issued stock multiplied by its current
market price.
Going-concern value = tlie difference betweeri tlie value of a property as it
stands possessed of its goirig elerne~~tasn d tlie value of the property alone
ds it would stand at completion of coristruction as a bare assembly of physical
parts.
Good-will value = is that elenlent of value wtiicli inheres in the mixed and
favorable col~sideration of customers arising from an established and well
, known and well conducted business.
Total fair value = consists of the costs of the physical factors and the intangible
factors. .
I
Salvage value = second hand valve, or it is the some of money which the
machine will brind when sold to some other company or second hand dealer.
In-place value = this value is the one to be considered when the replacement
of a piece of equipnlent is contemplated. It is that value which is equivalent
to the first cost when bought from a second hand dealer.
Earning value = it is tlie present wortli of its probable future net earnings.
Operatingcost = is tlie sun1 of all costs that are incurred periodically and
coritinuously in order that the project in which an investment has been made
[nay be operated, produce a cornrnodity or service and distribute and sell
that co~n~nodiotyr service.
Productiori cost = includes all periodic costs tliat are ncccssary for the production
of the product.
Dcvclug~iienct ost = is tlie S U I ~o f all costs iricurecd by an investor of a proj~ct
up to the tinie that t l i e project is accepted by those who will promote it.
Constructio~c~os t = is the sum of all t l i e costs necessary to prepare a construct.
iori project for operation.
Depreciation cost = annual charged that is made, during their period of useful
life, for tlic services reridered by tlie investment in bllildings, nlachinery, and
. equiplnents in producing the products.
Depletion cost = annual charge that is made for the maintenance of investnient
ill wasti~lga ssets sucli as mines, oil, gas wells.
Sunk cost = are cost wliicli have already occurcd although they may not have
recog~iized as sucn or tlic amount wliicll has bee11 spend or capital invested
wllicli for sornc redso~lsc all no I br I I t~ icved.
Fixed costs = arc tlios wllicli will exist uri;lltered wlietlier or no; a given ctlange
in operatiori is adol~ted
Differential cost = are thos which arisc as the result of a chanye in operations
or policy.
Marginal cost = tlie addition cost of producing one more unit.
Prime cost = direct niaterial cost plus direct labor cost.
Franchise balue = is an intangible iten1 of value arising from the exclusive riylit of
a company to provide a specific product.
Bond = a written contract by a debtor to pay final redemption value on an
indicated date or maturity date and to pay a certain sum periodically.
Face or par value of a bond = the amount named on the bond.
Retired or redeemed bor~tl = wlleri the face value of the bond has been repaid.
Classes of bonds (according to the security behind them)
1.: Mortgage bond = this is the most common type of bond. As security for the
money borrowed, tlie corporation gives the tender a mortgage upon
certain of its assets in the form of a trust deed.
2. Collateral bonds= is this type of bond the security is some form of recognized
comnlercial security sucli as the stocks or bonds of a well established
subsidiary.
3. Ocbc~itures = tliese ale really IOII~ tcrlii notes since tliey liave no security
behind tlleril except a prorliisc to pay.
Callable bonds = bonds that contain clauses permitting repayment before
maturity.
Assets =\ anything of value which own by an enterprise.
Equity = is the clai~no f anyone lo owr~crsliip.
Ownership = the eq'uity of the person who normally possesses the asset.
Liabilities = the claim of other tllall the owners upon the assets
Proprietorsliip = sonietiriies denotes ownership.
1. Currentassets = this consists of cash and account receivable during the

next period or any other material which will be sold.
1 2. Fixed assets = tliesc assets wliicli will not be converted into cash, or
sold or be coriverted into salab'le form duriny the coming accounting period,
such as buildings, land, machineries.
3. Deferred charges = such as pre-paid insurance.
Classes of liabilities:
1. Current liability = represents claim against owners which must be paid
in the near future.
2. Fixedliabilities = they are liabilities which are not due for payment
until sometime niore thar one year distant.
3. Prepaid income = this arises when a business receives payment for a ser~ice
I before it actually renders service.
Proprietorship = is the simplest form of business organization wherein the
business is own entirely by one person.
Partnership = is an association of two or more persons for the purpose of
engaging business for profit.
i
I Corporation = is a legal entity, scparatc from the individual who owns it, and
wliicli it call engage ill ariy busirica trar~sactior~s.
Ledger = a secondary book of accounts, the information in which is obtain
from the journal.
I Journal = the original record of a business transaction is recorded in this book.
Cost accou~iting = is the determination of tile cost of producing a product or
rendering service.
Types of accounting:
1. Post mortem cost accounting = is a method whereby costs arc actually
determined after they have occured with accuracy.
2. Method of pred,i cted cost = is a nicthod of cost accounting where costs
are predicted in advance of actual production.
3. Method of standard cost = is a method of cost accounting where standard

costs are predetermined on tlie basis of the pre-specified method
. Direct labor .= the actual work applied directly in the process of manufacturirig
a certain product.
I
Direct materials = are tliose wliicli is i~icludedin tlie finished product itself.
Franchise .= ,the riyht and privilege yranted to an individual or corporation tu
do business in a ce.rt ain region.
Time and motion study = a detailed study of the movements of a worker in
accomplishing his job and the time required for each movement.
Gantt Chart = a chart which shows tlie activities required in a proper and tlie
length of time which each activity is sclleduled to be finished.
ubsolescence = refers to changes in conditiorls external to equipment under

consideration.
Oligopoly = is a situation where there are few sellers and ariy action tkaen by
one of them may affect the action of tlie other sellers.
Monopoly = exists when a unique product is available from only one seller
and where tlie new scllers are prevented from selling the same or similar
~rrodur:ti.
Overhead expenses = or burden co~isist of tliose expenses whicli cannot be
readily included under direct niaterials or direct labor.
Non-productive department = son~etirries called service department is one where
the work performed is not directly on the product although the product
receives the benefit of such work.
Production cost = direct materials cost + direct labor cost + overhead cost.
Prinie cost + overhead cost.
Perpetual inventory = consists of the preparation of inventory cards and their
being kept up-to-date for each type of equipment or materials used or issued,
and for the products completed or in the process of manufacture. The name
is derived from the fact that quantities are always available at any time.
Physical ventory = consists of the actual counting or determination of the
actual quantity of the niaterials on hand as of a given date.
Promissory note = is an unconditional written promise made by one party,
termed the "maker", to another, to pay a stipulated sum of money either
or1 demand or at a definite future date. The sum of-money stated in the note
is called its "face value", and i f the note is payable at a definite date, this
date is termed its "due date" or "date of maturity".
Law o: demand = the demand for a comn;odity varies inversely as the price
of the commodity, though not proportionatelu.
Law of diminishing utility = an increase in the quantity of any goods rqnsumed
or acquired by an individual will decrease tlie amount of satisfaction derived
from that good.
Law of supply = the supply of tlie commodity varies directly as the price of the
commodity. though not proportionately.
Law of supply arid demand = wlicn free comptetition exist the price of tlie
product will be that value where supply is equal to the demand.
Law of dirninislling returns = when one of the factors is fixed in quantity
'
or may be difficult to illcrease, increasing the other factors of 'protluction
will result in a less than pruportionate illcrease in output.
Marginal cost = tlle additio~iacl ost of producirig one Inore unit.
Tangible factors = are those wliicli car1 be expressed in monetar; values.
Intangible factoes = are tl~osc whicli are iriil~ossible or, difficult to express
in terms of monetary values.
Coupon bonds = are those wliicli are attached coupons indicating the interest
due and the date when such interest is to be paid.
Mortgaged bonds = are those whose security behind them is a mortgage on certain
specified assets of the corporation.
Collateral trust bonds = are those secured by the assets or bonds of one of the
subsidiaries of the corporation.
Erluipnient obligatioli bolids = ale tliose guaranteed by a lieri on railroad
equipment.
Debenture bonds = are those witllout any security behind them except a promise
to pay on a certain date by the issuing corporation.
Joint bonds = are those issued by two or Inore corporations and are guaranteed
jointly by thcni.
Stock = represents ownersliip in a corporation.
Amortization = is ally metliod of paying a debt, the brincipal and interest
included, usually by a series of equal payments at periodic intervals of'ti~iie.
Depletion = the decrease in tlie value of property due to the gradual rxtraction
of its contents.
ABSOLUTE ZERO TEMPERATURE - this refers to a temperature equivalent to " O'K ".
ACCELERATION - is 'directly proportional ' to the resultant on the object. It is ' inversely
proportional ' to the mass of the object.
ACTuaL MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE - it is the ratio between 'output force to input force'.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE - at mean sea level, It is known as the standard atmospheric
pressure and is equal to 14.7 psi.
BERNOULLI'S THEOREM - a concept that states as , at anv two points a l o n ~a streamli~iein
an ideal fluid in a steady flow, the su111 of the pressure, the potential energy per unit
volume and the kinetic energy per unit volume has the same value".
BOYLE's LAW - At constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume.
BRITISH THERMAL UNIT (B'IW) - The amount of heat required to change the
temperature of '1 pound of water 1°F ' , is called 'British 'Thermal Unit (BTU)'.
BUOYANT FORCE - it is equal to Udensity of fluid x volume submemed ".
CALORIE----defined as the amount of heat required to raise a temperature of 1 gram of
water 1°C.
CENTRIFUGAL FORCE - it is directly proportional to "the square of the tanpential velocity".
CHANGE IN KINETIC ENERGY - The work done by the external force on a particle is equal to
'the change in kinetic energy' of ihe particle.
CHANGE IN GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY - depends on the initial and final
vertical position " of an object.
CHANGE O MOMENTUM - the change of nlolnentuln is equal to 'impulse'.
CHARLES LAW - states that, "at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to
temperature".
COEFFICIENT OF RESTITUTION ( e ) - the negative ratio of the relative velocity after a
collision to a relative velocity before a collision. For perfectly elastic collision , e = 1.
For perfectly inelastic collision , e = 0 .
COMPLETELY INELASTIC COLLISION - when tlie colliding bodies stick together during
impact which results in the niaxinlum potential loss in kinetic enerm. It Is sald to be-.
COULOMB'S LAW - according to this law, "the force between charges varies directly as the
msgnitude of each charge and inversely as the square of the distance between them".
CUBIC METER - one cubic meter is equivalent to 1 Stere.
DENSE CONDITION of WATER - is at what temperature ? (ans. & ).
DIFFERENCE of TWO VECTORS -is obtained by adding one vector to the negative of the other.
DYNE ------ the unit of force which is equivalent to'l gram-cm/sec2, is called 'Dvne'.
DOT PRODUCT - tlie scalar product of two vectors are sometimes known as 'dot product'.
EFFICIENCY of a MACHINE - is equal to the ratio between its actual and its theoretical
mechanical advantage'.
ELASTIC POTENTIAL ENERGY - the energy stored in a stretched or coni~ressede lastic
material.
ENERGY -- -it is 'the capacitv to do work'. While 'power7- is the rate of doing work
ERG ----------it is 'not' a unit of force.
FAHRENHEIT & CELCIUS SCALES - at what temperature readings do the Fahrenheit &
celcius scales have the same reading ? (ans. - 40 degrees )
FORCE------- Newton's second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum with
respect to time is 'force'.
FORCE -------any influence capable of producing change in the motion of an object, is called 'FORCE .
FORCE DUE TO GRAVITY - does not work on objects that " is moved parallel to the surface of
the earth".
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY - the energy of an object due to its vertical
separation from the earth's surface.
HECTO ------- If deka means 10' and kilo means 10^23 , then 10^2 s known as 'hecto '.
HYDROSTATIC FORCE on a PLPLNE - the total hydrostatic force on a plane is directly
proportional to " density of fluid ".
ILLUMINANCE - It describes the luminous flux incidence per unit area and is expressed in
lumens per square meter.
INELASTIC COLLISION - a collision in which the total kinetic e n e m after collision is k t h a n
that before collision.
INERTIA - - -refers to uthe tendency of-any object to remain at rest or to continue in motion".
IMPULSE ---- the product of a force and the time during which it acts, is known as 'Im~ulse'. It
is equal to ' the change of momentum'. The S.L unit of impulse is "N-sec. ".
JOULE - - -- it is the ' SI unit of work' . The work done by a force of 1 newton acting through a
distance of 1 m , is known as 'joule'.
KEEPLER'S LAW - the law which describes the motion of stars, planets & comets.
KINETIC - - - means that it is "in motion".
K I NIT I C ENERGY -it is equal to % mass x velocit$. An energy by virtue of the object's motion.
MASS -- ----it is a measure of inertia of a body, which is its own resistance to a change in velocity.
It is a 'quantitative measure of inertia'.
MOMENT OF INERTIA - it is a measure of the resistance of a body it offers to any change in
its angular velocity, determined by its Illass and distribution of its mass about the axis
of rotation , is known as .
MOMENTUM - known as a vector quantity which is a 'product of mass and velocitv of the body' .
NEWTON ----it is a force that will give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per
second per second.
NEWTON (Sir Isaac) ----The accurate foriliulation of the laws of niotions, as well as the law of
gravitation was made by 'Sir Isaac Newton'.
NEWTON's FIRST LAW - (of niotion) - states that, " evely body continues in its state of rest or
at coilstant speed in a straight line motion, it is compelled to change that state because
of forces acting on it".
NEWTON's SECOND LAW -(of motion) - states that, 1) an unbalanced force acting on the
object will cause the object to accelerate in the direction of the force". 2) Whenever
a net force acts on a body, it produces an acceleration in the direction of the resultant
force, an acceleration that is directly proportional to the mass of the body.
NEWTON THIRD LAW - "For every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction".
NO WORK DONE - there is 'no work done' when "the force is perpendicular to the
displacement".
ONE SECTION - is equivale~ltto ' one statute mile '.
PASCAL'S LAW - the law which states ," if an exterllal pressure is applied in a confined fluid, the
pressure will be increased at every point in the fluid by the aniount of external
pressure", this is known as
POTENTIAL ENERGY - an energy by virtue of the object's position or elevation.

POWER - - - it is 'the -of doing work'. (while, 'Energy" - is the capacity to do work).
QUINTAL - - 100 kilograms is equivalent to ' one qllintal '.
RANGE of a PROJECTILE -- the range of a projective depends on initial velocity and angle
of proiection
RELATIVE DENSITY - it refers to "the other name of specific gravity".
REST ENERGY - an energy by virtue of the obiect's mass.
SECONDb---- Originally defined as the fraction 11 86400 of the mean solar day and now defined as
the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation of a certain state of the cesium-
133 atom ".
S. I. UNIT of IMPULSE - is "Newton - sec. ".
S.I. UNIT of MOMENTUM - is also " Newton - sec. ".
SLUG ------ it is '&a unit of work It is 'the mass to which a force of one pound would give an
accelerationf one foot per secoiid per second ( 1 Ib / foot per sec./sec.) .
SPECIFIC GRAVITY- ~t refers "to the ratio of the density of the substi~nceto the density of water".
SPECIFIC heat cAPACITY - it is 'the amount heat needed to change the temperature a
unit quantity by 1 decree".
SPEED --- - - it refers to "the distance per unit time".
SPEED of LIGHT - it is nearly 3 x l0^5 km/s. In the equation E = me2, the symbol is
known as the 'speed of light'.
STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE - is equivalent to 760 nlm of Ha.
STANDARD METER ---it is defined as 1,650,763.73 wavelengths in vacuum of the orange-red of
the spectrum of krypton 86.
STERE -- - - - is equivalent to one 'cubic meter'.
TERMINAL SPEED - it refers to the vertical speed nt which the force of nir resistance is just
sufficient to balance the body's weight.
THERMAL ENERGY - refers to the kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules in n substance due
to their random motion.
TOTAL MECHANICAL ENERGY - the work done by all forces except the gravitational force is
always equal to the 'total mechanical energv' of the system.
TRAJECTORY - In a trajectory, sir resistance decreases the speed, their maximum height and
the range of projectile.
TRAJECTORY of a PROJECTILE - is a grapll of a ' parabola '.
VECTOR --- it is a straight line segment that has a definite lenxth, direction and sense.
VELOCITY--the displace~nenpt er unit time, is called 'velocity'.
WEIGHT ---- defined as "the gravitational force exerted on an object because of its attraction to
some other masses such as the earth".
WORK= -------it refers to "the product of the force and the displacement in the direction of the force".
MASS MOMENT of INERTIA of A UNIFORM TIIIN ROD -of mass 'M' and length' L' about its mid-point and perpendicular to its
length, is' 1I3ML2-, And about its one en~ is 'four times' the mass moment of inertia of the same rod about its mi1!: point
MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE -the mechanical advantage of a lifting machine is 'the ratio of load lifted to the effort applied'. In
ideal machines, mechanical advantage is equal to velocity ratio. In actual machines, mechanical advantage is 'less than'
velocity ratio. The 'maximum mechanical advantage' of a lifting machine is ' 11m' .
MINIMUM FORCE Required to Slide a Body of Weight 'W'-on a rough horizontal plan~ is ,W x Sine angle teta '.
MOMENT of a FORCE -the moment of a force is: a) the turning effect produced by a force, on the body, on which it acts, b)
equal to the product of force acting on the body and the perpendicular distance of a point and the line of action of the force,
and, c) equal to twice the area of the triangle, whose base is the line representing the fore c and whose vertex is the point,
about which the moment is taken.
MOMENT of INERTIA -it is the second moment of mass, force and area. The unit or moment ofinertia of an area is " m·" .
MOMENT of INERTIA ofa CmCULAR SECTION-about its 'X-X axis' or diameter (d) is "Ill
4/64
d ".
And, for about an axis perpendicular to the section (Y-Y axis) is
4/32
"pi d ".
That means, for a circular section, the moment of inertia for about an axis perpendicular to the section IT-Y axis) is ''two
times" the X-X axis.
MOMENT of INERTIA of a HOLLOW RECTANGULAR SECTION -as shown in the figure, ( see prob.# 71) about 'X-X axis', is
3 3 3 3
"BD /12 -bd /12 ". Likewise, about 'Y-Yaxis, 'is "DB /12 -db /12 ".
MOMENT of INERTIA of a RECTANGULAR SECTION a) having width 'b' and depth 'd ' about an axis passing through its e.G.
3
and parallel to the 'width (b)' is "bd /12 ". b) having width 'b' and depth 'd ' about an axis passing through its e.G. and parallel
3
to the 'depth (d)' is "db /12 ".
MOMENT of INERTIA of a TRIANGULAR SECTION -of a base (b) and height (h) 1) about an axis passing through its e.G. and
3/36'. 3
parallel to the base, is 'bh 2) about an axis through its base, is ' bh /12 '. 3) about an axis passing, through its vertex and
parallel to the base, is "nine
times" than that passing through e.q. and parallel to the base.
MOMENT LAW -according to the 'law of moments', if a nwnber of coplanar forces acting on a particle are in equilibrium, then "
the algebraic sum of their moments about any point in their plane is ~ ".
MOMENT PRINCIPLE -the 'principle of moments' states that if a numberof coplanar forces acting on a particle are in
equilibrium, then" the algebraic sum of their moments about any point is equal to the moment of their resultant force about
the same point ".
\10TION -It is a progressive change ofposition of a body.
!\lEGATIVE ACCELERATION -is called as "retardation".
NEWTON's FIRST LAW of MOTION -stating as 'every body continues in a state of rest or in uniform motion in a straight line,
until it is compelled b~forc~_t~~han&i1~~t:lh; 9f r~~QLmotion '.
NEWTON's SECOND LAW of MOTION -stating as 'change of motion is proportional to the force applied, and takes place
during the straight line in which the force acts',
NEWTON's THIRD LAW of MOTION -stating as 'to every action there is always an equal reaction, or, in other words, Ifa force
acts to change the state of motion of a body, the body offers a resistance equal and directly opposite to the force '.
NON-COPLANAR CONCURRENT FORCES -see 'coplanar concurrent forces', NON-COPLANAR and NON-CONClJRRENT
FORCES -see 'coplanar concurrent forces'. NON-REVERSIBLE MACHINE -see 'screw jack', It is a machine having an efficiency
less
%
· '"' than 50 , It is also called as a "self-locking machine".
NUMBER of COPLANAR FORCES ACTING @ a POINT be in EQUILIBRIUM -if the
· ,'"'
number of coplanar forces acting at a point be in equilibrium , the sum of clockwise momentsmustbe'"equal to"thesum ofanti-
clockwisemoments, aboutanypoint
NUMBER of FORCES ACTING @ a POINT -will be in equilibrium, if : a) the sum of resolved parts in the vertical direction is
~
zero(surnmation V = 0) b) the sum of resolved parts in the horizontal direction is zero (sum" H = 0 ).
NUMBER of FORCES are ACTING at a POINT -their resultant is given by the eq 'no
...
2 2
• Sq uare Root of summation V + summation H "
PARALLEL AXIS THEOREM -according to parallel axis theorem, the moment of inertia of
....
a section about an axis parallel to the axis through center of gravity (i.e. Ip) is given
2
by the eq'n, "!p = IQ+ Ah " ..... PERFECT FRAME STRUCTURE -a frame structure is 'perfect', if the number of members are
'equal to' ( 2j-3) , where' j , is the number of joints. A structure is called 'imperfect', ifthe number of members are " less than or
greater than" (2j -3).
2
POLAR MOMENT of INERTIA (J-J for a 'CYLINDER • -with reference to axis 'A-A' is 1m = ~ Mr • POLAR MOMENT of INERTIA
(j-J for a 'SPHERE' -with reference to any axis through the ~ center is :!m = 2/5Mr , POLYGON LAW of FORCES -is sometimes
called as the "vectors method for the resultant force ", POTENTIAL ENERGY -energy possessed by a body because of its
position. PRINCIPLE of RESOLUTION of FORCES -the algebraic sum of the resolve Qill1s _of ;l number of forces in a given
direction "is equal to" the resolved parts of th~!r
resultant in the same direction. PRODUCE INTERNAL STRESS in the BODY -if a given force ( or a given system of forces)
acting on a body "does not change» the position of the body, but keeps it in
equilibrium, then its effect is to produce internal stress in the body.
RADIUS of GYRATION -it is the distance where the whole mass (or area) of a body is assumed
to be concentrated. With reference to an axis is that distance from the axis at which the entire mass of a body may be
considered as 'concentrated', the moment of inertia, meanwhile, remaining unchanged. [k = sq.root of Jg/W J
RADIUS of OSCILLATION -It is the distance between the center of oscillation and the point
of suspension. REO{ TNDANT FRAME -is also called an "imperfect frame".
RES{ "LTANT FORCE -is a single force which produces the same effect as produced by all till.' given forces acting on a body.
RESULT.-\..I\,TT of TWO EQUAL FORCES "P" making an angle teta -is given by the equation, R == 2 P (cos Teta / 2),
RESULTANT of TWO FORCES "P & Q" acting at an angle Teta -is the square root of r-
p2+ Q2+ 2PQ cos Teta .
~
RESULTANT of TWO FORCES "P & Q" acting at an angle alpha -makes an angle alpha withtheforce"P", then
tanalpha=(Qsinteta) I (P+Q cos teta).
RESULTANT of TWO FORCES "P & Q" (such that P is greater than Q )-acting along the same straight line, but in opposite
direction, is givenby"R =P-Q". RESULTANT of TWO LIKE PARALLEL FORCES "P&Q" -is givenby "R ==P+Q ".
RETARDED MOTION -when the motion is decreasing instead ofincreasing, it is called .....
REVERSIBLE MACIDNE -a machine having an efficiency 'greater than 50%'. Example: A weight of 1000 kg can be lifted by an
effort of 80 kg. If the velocity ratio is 20, the machine is 'reversible' .
SCREW JACK -a screw jack used for lifting the load is "a non-reversible machine'. In a screw jack, the effort 'P' required 'to lift
the load' is givenby'P ==Wx
tan(alpha + teta) '. And, the effort 'to lower the load' is less than the effort required to raise the same load, Efficiency of a
screw jack is, E :;; tan alpha / tan(alpha+teta). Where:'alpha' =helixangle and, 'teta'=angleoffriction.
Efficiency is maximum, when alpha = 45 degrees -teta I 2. or, maximum effictency > 1-sin teta divided by 1 + sin teta,
SELF-LOCKING MACIDNE -it is known as "non-reversible machine". SINE of THE ANGLE -according to LamPs theorem, if
three coplanar forces acting on a point are in equilibriwn, then each force is proportional to the "sine of the angle"
between the other two. STATIC FRICTION -known as 'the friction experienced by a body, when at rest' .
a) it bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction between the two surfaces, b) it is
independent of the area of contact between the two surfaces, ~ c) it depends upon the roughness of the surfaces,
. d) it always acts in adirection, oppositetothatinwhichthebodytendsto move.
THREE COPLANAR FORCES ( P,Q,R ) ARE IN EQUILIBRlUM -ftgure shows three coplanarforces P,Q and R acting on a point
"0". Ifthese forces are in equilibrium. then the eq'n. will be : ( see prob.#29 )
Plsin alpha > Q/sin beta = Rlsin roh

TORSIONAL STRENGTH of SHAFTING -The polar moment of inertia of plane areas (J),
in which the axis is at right angles to the plane of the area, occur in fonnulas for the ~
'torsional strength of shafting'. ('."\IFORM MOTION -'velocity' is the rate of motion, that is the rate of change of position.
~
When the velocity of a body is the same at every moment during which the motion takes place, the latter is called 'uniform
motion'.
~
IT 0 f a FORCE in S.I. System -in S.I. system of units, the unit of force is "newton". One kilogram force is equal to 9.8 Newton.
l."LIKE PARALLEL FORCES -the three forces such as lOON, 200N and 300N which have their lines of action llilrallel to each
other but act in the opposite direction.
FCTORS METHOD -for the resultant force is also called as "polygon law of forces".
n
"ELOCITY R-'\TIO of PULLEYS -the velocity ratio for the 'first system of pulleys is' 2 '.
The velocity ratio for the 'second system of pulleys is And, the velocity ratio for the ' third system of pulleys' is '2" -1 '.
ABSOLUTE ZERO TEMPERATURE -this refers to a temperature equivalent to" OOK ". ACCELERATION -is 'directly
proportional' to the resultant on the object. It is 'inversely
proportional' to the !!!!!!.ofthe object. ACTUAL MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE -it is the ratio between 'output force to input force'.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE -at mean sea level, It is known as the standard atmospheric
pressure and is equal to 14.7 psi.
BERNOULLI's THEOREM -a concept that states as, "at any two points along a streamline in an ideal fluid in a steady flow, the
sum of the pressure, the potential energy per unit volume and the kinetic energy per unit volume has the same value".
BOYLE's LAW -At constant temperature, the pressure is inversely proportional to the volume. BRITISH THERMAL UNIT (BTU)
-The amount of heat required to change the temperature of 'I pound of water I·F " is called 'British Thermal Unit (BTU)'.
BUOYANT FORCE -it is equal to "density offluid x volume submel"led ".
CALORIE----defined as the amount of heat required to raise a temperature of 1 gram of
water I·C. CENfRIFUGAL FORCE -it is directly proportional to "the square of the tangential velocity". CHANGE IN KINETIC
ENERGY -The work done by the external force on a particle is equal to
'the change in kinetic energy' ofthe particle. CHANGE IN GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY -depends on the " initial and
final
vertical position" of an object. CHANGE of MOMENTUM -the change ofmomentum is equal to 'impulse'. CHARLES LAW -
states that, "at constant pressure, the volume is directly proportional to
temperature".
COEFFICIENT OF RESTITIJTION (e) -the negative ratio of the relative velocity after a collision to a relative velocity before a
collision. For perfectly elastic collision, e =1. For perfectly inelastic coUision, ~
COMPLETELY INELASTIC COLLISION -when the colliding bodies stick together during impact which results in the maximum
potential loss in kinetic energy. Itb said to be_ . COULOMB's LAW -according to this law, "the force between charges varies
directly as the magnitude of each charge and inversely as the square ofthe distance between them". CUBIC METER -one
cubic meter is equivalent to I Stereo
DENSE CONDITION of WATER -,isat what temperature? (ans. 4°C ). DIFFERENCEof1WOVECTORS-isobtained by
addingonevector tothenegativeof theother.
.2 DYNE ------the unit offorce which is equivalent to I gram-cm/sec , is called '~
DOT PRODUCT -the scalar product oftwo vectors are sometimes known as 'dot product'.
EFFICIENCY of a MAClllNE -is equal to the ratio between its actual and its thwretical mechanical advantage'. ELASTIC
POTENTIAL ENERGY -the energy stored in a stretched or compressed elastic
material. ENERGY ---it is 'the capacity to do work'. While 'power'-is the rate ofdoing work. ERG ----------it is 'not' a unit afforce.
FAHRENHEIT & CELCIUS SCAI~ES -at what temperature readings do the Fahrenheit & celelus scales have the same reading?
(ans. -40 degrees ) FORCE-------Newton's second law of motion states that the rate of change of momentum with respect to
time is 'force'.
FORCE -------any influence capable of producing change in the motion of an object, is called 'force'. FORCE DUE TO GRAVITY
-does not work on objects that" Is moved parallel to the surface of the earth". .
GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIAL ENERGY -the energy of an object due to its vertical separation from the earth's surface.
1J2
HECTO -------Ifdeka means 10 and kilo means 10, then !!LJs known as 'hecto '. HYDROSTATIC FORCE on a PLANE -the total
hydrostatic force on a plane is directly proportional to " density of fluid".
ILLUMINANCE -It describes the luminous flux incidence per unit area and is expressed in lumens per square meter.
INELASTIC COLLISION -acollision in which the total kinetic energy after collision is less than
that before collision. INERTIA ---refersto ~the tendency of any object to remain at rest or to continue in motion". IMPULSE ----
the product ora force and the time during which it acts, is known as 'Impulse'. It
is equal to' the change of momentum'. The S.L unit of impulse is "~ ".
JOULE ----it is the 'SI unit of work' . The work done by a force of 1 newton acting through a distance of 1 m, is known as
'joule'.
KEEPLER'S LAW -the law which describes the motion of stars, planets & comets. KINETIC ---means that it is "in motion".
KINETIC ENERGY -it is equal to Yz mass x velocityZ. An energy by virtue ofthe object's motion.
MASS ------it is a measure of inertia of a body, which is it5 own resistance to a change in velocity. It is a 'quantitative measure
of inertia'.
MOMENT OF INERTIA -it is a measure of the resistance of a body it offers to any change in its angular velocity, determined by
its mass and distribution of its mass about the axis of rotation, is known as __.
MOMENTUM -known as a vector quantity which is a 'product of mass and velocity of the body' .
NEWTON ----it is a force that will give a mass of one kilogram an acceleration of one meter per second per second. NEWTON
(Sir Isaac) ----The accurate formulation ofthe laws of motions, as well as the law of gravitation was made by 'Sir Isaac Newton'.
NEWTON's FIRST LAW -(of motion) -states that, " every body continues In its state of rest or at constant speed in a straight
line motion, it is compelled to change that state because offorces acting on it".
NEWTON's SECOND LAW -(of motion) -states that, 1)" an unbalanced force acting on the object will cause the object to
accelerate in the direction of the force". 2) Whenever a net force acts on a body, it produces an acceleration in the direction of
the resultant force, an acceleration that is directly proportional to the mass of the body.
;\lEWTON's THIRD LAW -"For every action, there is always an equal and opposite reaction". :'\0 WORK DONE -there is 'no
work done' when "the force is perpendicular to the displacement".
ONE SECTION -is equivalent to' one statute mile '.
PASCAL'S LAW -the law which states ," if an external pressure is applied in a confined fluid, the pressure will be increased at
every point in the fluid by the amount of external pressure", this is known as
POTENTIAL ENERGY -an energy by virtue of the object's position or elevation.
POWER ---it is 'the rate of doing work'. (while, 'Energy" -is the capacity to do work) .
QUINTAL --100 kilograms Is equivalent to' one quintal '.
RANGE of a PROJECTILE --the range of a projective depends on initial velocity and angle
of projection RELATIVE DENSITY -it refers to "the other name of specific gravity". REST ENERGY -an energy by virtue of the
object's mass.
SECOND __ n Originally defined as " the fraction 1/86400 of the mean solar day and now defined as the duration of
9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation of a certain state of the cesium133 atom -.
UNIT of IMPULSE -is "Newton -sec. ".
UNIT of MOMENTUM -is also" Newton -sec. ". SLUG ------it is 'not' a unit of work. It is 'the mass to which a force of one
pound would give an
acceleration of one foot per second per second (lib 1 foot per sec./sec.) . SPECIFIC GRAVITY-It refers "to the ratio of the
density of the substance to the density of water". SPECIFIC HEAT CAPACITY -it is 'the amount of heat needed to change the
temperature of a
unit quantity by 1 degree". SPEED -----it refers to "the distance ~er unit time". SPEED of LIGHT -it is nearly 3 x 10 kmIs. In
2
theequationE =mc , thesymbol .l is
known as the 'speed of light'. STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE -is equivalent to 760 mm of Hg. STANDARD METER ---
itIsdefinedas1,650,763.73wavelengthsinvacuum oftheorange-redof
the spectrum of krypton 86. STERE -----is equivalent to one 'cubic meter'.
TERMINAL SPEED -it refers to the vertical speed at which the force of air resistance is just sufficient to balance the body's
weight TIlERMAL ENERGY -refers to the kinetic energy of the atoms and molecules in a substance due to their random
motion. TOTAL MECHANICAL ENERGY -the work done by all forces except the gravttational force is always equal to the 'total
mechanical energy' of the system. TRAJECTORY -In a trajectory, air resistance decreilses the speed, their maximum height
and the range of projectile. TRAJECTORY of a PROJECTILE -is a graph of a' parabola '.
VECTOR ---it is a straight line segment that has a definite length, direction and sense. VELOCITY--the displacement per unit
time, is called 'velocity'.
WEIGHT ----defined as "the gravitational force exerted on an object because of its attraction to some other masses such as
the earth".
WORK -------it refers to "the product
Dodecahedron ---A regular polyhedron by twelve regular pentagons
balance sheet –a financial summary showing the relationship along assets liabilities and ownership in the corporation on a
specific date
ellipse – locus of points which move so that the swn of it distance between two fixed point is constant
welfare—mechanical engineers, in the fulfillment of their professional duties shall hod paramount he safety, health, and
welfare of the public
the loose of weight of a body submerge in fluid is ==is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced
rectangle=what is the figure that will give the largest area will be inscribed the circle

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reyns

_______= Net income/Owner’s equity: RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Basis unit of length of the SI system: METER

Kind of obligation w/c has no condition attached: GRATUITIOUS

(U + PV) is a quantity called: ENTHALPY

Basis unit of length of the SI system: METER

(U + PV) is a quantity called: ENTHALPY

3. In the algebraic expression X-2, what is the minuend?

4. What mathematical property is demonstrated by this equation: a (b+c) = ab+ac?

6. The rectangular coordinate system is also known as

9. Which of the following is used in determining the area of an irregular shape?

_______= Net income/Owner’s equity: RETURN ON INVESTMENT

Basis unit of length of the SI system: METER

Kind of obligation w/c has no condition attached: GRATUITIOUS

(U + PV) is a quantity called: ENTHALPY

Basis unit of length of the SI system: METER

Kind of obligation w/c has no condition attached: GRATUITIOUS

(U + PV) is a quantity called: ENTHALPY

3. In the algebraic expression X-2, what is the minuend?

4. What mathematical property is demonstrated by this equation: a (b+c) = ab+ac?

6. The rectangular coordinate system is also known as

9. Which of the following is used in determining the area of an irregular shape?

ACCOUNTING PROFIT - total revenue minus explicit costs.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE TURNOVER - time required to collect accounts receivable.

ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES - operating expenses incurred in

AGGREGATE DEMAND - the value of all planned expenditures

AGGREGATE SUPPLY CURVE - a graph showing the

CAPITALISM - an economic system in which control of business

CRAFT UNION - a u neon o f s killed workers who all practice the

LUXURY - it is defined to be the capacity of a commodity to

MARGINAL COST - the additional cost of producing one more unit

MARGINAL REVENUE - the amount receive from the sale of an

OLIGOPOLY - a condition in which there are so few suppliers of a product

ENGINEERING – practical application of scientific and mathematical principles.

MONEY-INTEREST-TIME RELATIONSHIP (MIT Relationship)

– the income produced by money which has been loaned.

1. SIMPLE INTERSET – the interest calculated based on the capital only.

where, I = interest earned

TYPES OF SIMPLE INTEREST:

Ordinary Simple Interest – based on the banker’s year

Exact Simple Interest – based on the exact no. of days

1 common year = 365 days

1 leap year = 366 days

- RECEIPT (Positive cash-flow or cash inflow)

- DISBURSEMENT (Negative cash-flow of cash outflow)

2. COMPOUND INTEREST – means “interest on top of interest”

m = compounded period or no. of interest periods per year

nxm = no. of interest periods in n years

r = nominal rate of interest per year

r/m = i = rate of interest per period

If the nominal rate of interest is 10% compounded quarterly, then

i = r/m = 10%/4 = 2.5%, the rate of interest per period.

10% is the nominal rate of interest or annual percentage rate (APR)

F1 = the amount Php 1.00 will be after 1 year

ANNUITIES – series of equal payments occurring at equal intervals of time.

d. Payment of insurance premiums

1. ORDINARY ANNUITY – payments occur at the end of each period.

2. ANNUITY DUE – payments occur at the beginning of each period

4. PERPETUITY – is an annuity in which the payments continue indefinitely

SYMBOLS AND THEIR MEANING:

P = present worth of the periodic payments

F = future worth of the periodic payments

A = series of periodic payments

n = no. of interest periods