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in
Volume 1 Issue 2, June 2017 ISSN: 2456-8465

“EFFECT OF FLOATING COLUMN ON

BUILDING PERFORMANCE SUBJECTED TO
LATERAL LOAD”
Snehal Ashok Bhoyar
Post Graguate Student, Civil Engineering Department
Vishwakarma Institute Of Information Technology, Pune
Emial Id- snehal.bhoyar93@gmail.com

Abstract: Floating columns are adopted to increase the built up area on the floor. Floating column is one of the structural
irregularities in buildings and it is highly undesirable in building built in seismically active areas. This paper presents the comparative
study of behavior of building with and without floating column for regular and irregular building plan. The study subjected to seismic
load includes the analysis of the G+5 regular as well as irregular plan with or without floating column for external lateral forces. The
analysis is done by using ETABS software by equivalent static method. The present study deals with the various parameter of building
in seismic area i.e. base shear, lateral story displacement and story drift in seismic zone IV.

INTRODUCTION
Multistory buildings constructed for the purpose of residential, commercial, industrial etc., with an open ground
storey is becoming a common feature. For the purpose of parking, usually the ground storey is kept free without any
constructions, except the columns which transfer the building weight to the ground. For a hotel or commercial building,
where the lower floors contain banquet halls, conference rooms, lobbies, show rooms or parking areas, large interrupted
space is required for the movement of people or vehicles. Closely spaced columns based on the layout of upper floors are
not desirable in the lower floors of such buildings. For this purpose floating column concept has come into existence.
(Annapurna and Nadipelli 2015)

Column is supposed to be a vertical member starting from foundation level and transferring the load to the ground.
The floating column is also the vertical member but it start from the lower story level and cannot transfer the load up to
foundation. Provision of floating columns resting at the tip of overhanging beams increases the vulnerability of the lateral
load resisting system due to vertical discontinuity of load path. Buildings that have fewer columns or walls in a particular
storey tend to damage or collapse which is initiated in that storey. To minimize the vulnerability of building analysis of such
type of building is very much important basically in highly seismic prone areas. Present study; find out the effect of various
parameters of RC building under the seismic forces due to presence of floating column.

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METHODOLOGY
The paper deals with the comparison of G+5 regular as well as irregular building in plan with or without floating
column. Four models are prepared using ETABS software using equivalent static analysis. Type of building used for
analysis is Residential building. Table 1 gives the detailed information about the model.

TABLE 01: MODEL INFORMATION

Sr. no. Building type Case for building Nomenclature

With floating column Model 1

01 Regular building in plan
Without floating
Model 2
column

With floating column Model 3

Irregular building in
02
plan Without floating
Model 4
column

Model Description
Four models are prepared for the analysis of building in using ETABS software. Geometric details are
assigning to the structure as shown in Table 2. Height of floor at each floor is constant throughout the buildings.

TABLE 2:- GEOMETRIC DETAILS OF BUILDING

Sr. No. Particular Description Description

01 Type of building Residential

02 Storey G+5

03 Clear height of floor 3m

04 Total no. of floors 06

05 Slab thickness 150mm

06 Grade of concrete used M25

08 Grade of steel used Fe415

09 Thickness of wall 230mm

10 Size of beam 230 x 350

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11 Size of column 230 x 450

Model Formulation
Model 1:- A G+5 building with all edge column which is nothing but a normal building as consider as Model 1 as
shown in Fig 01.The dimension of beam and column are kept same in both X and Y direction throughout the plan of the
building.

Fig 01: Plan used in Model 1

Model 2:-Model 2 building is obtained by providing floating column at the corner of the first floor as shown in Fig 02. Other
parameters are kept same as that of Model 1.

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Fig 02: Plan used in Model 2

Model 3:- A G+5 building with all edge columns with plan irregularities as consider as Model 3 as shown in Fig 02.The
dimension of beam and column are kept same in both X and Y direction throughout the plan of the building.

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Fig 03: Plan used in Model 3

Model 4:- :-Model 4 building is obtained by providing floating column at the corner of the first floor as shown in Fig 04.
Other parameters are kept same as that of Model 3.

Fig 04: Plan used in Model 4

Load Consider
Mainly three type of load is considers for the analysis of model.

Dead loads consider as a self weight of all the elements of structure, it is calculated using Etabs software analytically. Along
with self weight also consider floor finish=1.5kN/m2, Water proofing at roof=1kN/m2, Wall load on all beams=13.8kN/m2
and Parapet wall load on roof=4.3kN/m2. Live load is considers uniformly on slab as 3kN/m2. Lateral load (seismic force) is
assign to the structure in both X and Y direction as per IS code 1893-2002 for seismic zone IV. Parameter used for lateral
load calculation as shown in following Table 2.

TABLE 2: PARAMETER FOR LATERAL LOAD

Sr. no. Parameter Values

01 Seismic zone factor 0.24

02 Response reduction factor (R) 5

03 Site Type II(medium soil)

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04 Importance Factor (I) 1

05 Time period Program calculated

Load Combination
The application of lateral loads in X and Y directions the structure can be analyzed for various load combination
given in IS 1893:2002. Total 14 load combinations are taken for the analysis of building. For the given load combination
maximum value of different parameter at each floor is taken for further analysis.

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

All models are model and analyzed using ETABS software. The following results are found out for different parameter of
building.

Lateral Displacement
For the given load combinations maximum displacement at each floor is noted in X and Y direction are shown in
the form of graph Fig 5 and Fig 6. In Fig 5(a) shows the lateral displacement in EQX direction goes on decreasing with
respect to storey in arrangement (with and without floating column) similarly in Fig 5(b) Show the lateral displacement in
EQY direction for regular building plan. From fig 6(a) it observed that the lateral displacement in EQX direction goes on
decreasing with respect to the storey in both the arrangement (with and without floating column) similarly in Fig 6(b) show
the lateral displacement in EQY direction for irregular building plan.

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Fig5:- Lateral Displacement in Regular Building (a) in X-direction, (b) in Y-direction

Fig6:- Lateral Displacement in Irregular Building (a) in X-direction, (b) in Y-direction

From Fig.5 and Fig.6, it can be observed that lateral displacement in X direction and Y direction is increased in 1st
story by 20% in regular building model 1 and model 2. And also in irregular building model 3 and model 4 lateral
displacement is increase only in Y direction by 20% because of dimension and position of floating column.

Storey Drift
For the given load combinations maximum Storey drift at each floor is noted in X and Y direction are shown in the
form of graph Fig 7 and Fig 8. In Fig 7(a) shows the storey drift in EQX direction goes on increasing up-to 6 storey and then
it get decreases in 7 storey with respect to 6 storey in both arrangement (with and without floating column) similarly in Fig
7(b) Show the storey drift in EQY direction for regular building plan. From fig 8(a) it observed the storey drift in EQX
direction goes on increasing up-to 6 storey and then it get decreases in 7 storey with respect to 6 storey in both arrangement
(with and without floating column) similarly in Fig 8(b) show the lateral displacement in EQY direction for irregular
building plan.

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Fig7:- Storey Drift in Regular Building (a) in X-direction, (b) in Y-direction

Fig8:- Storey Drift in Irregular Building (a) in X-direction, (b) in Y-direction

From Fig.7 and Fig.8, it can be observed that Story drift is depend on the lateral displacement and twisting or
overturning of building. So it may be decrease or increase according to structure and irregularities in building. In this case
study, irregular structure with floating column model it is observed that story drift is increases to 50% at the top floor of the
building.

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Storey Shear
TABLE 03: RESULT FOR STOREY DRIFT

Storey
% decrease in storey shear in X-dir % decrease in storey shear in Y dir

Regular building Irregular Building Regular Building Irregular Building

7 Top
7.187244 7.45529922 5.94743 12.5025

Bottom
7.18724483 7.45529922 5.94743 12.5025

6 Top
7.1872538 7.45534106 5.94741 12.5025

Bottom
7.1872538 7.45534106 5.94741 12.5025

5 Top
7.18724692 7.45532467 5.94743 12.5025

Bottom
7.18724692 7.45532467 5.94743 12.5025

4 Top
7.18724608 7.45533184 5.94743 12.5025

Bottom
7.18724608 7.45533184 5.94743 12.5025

3 Top 7.18724263 7.45532814 5.94743 12.5024

Bottom 7.18724263 7.45532814 5.94743 12.5024

2 Top 7.2062581 7.49186332 5.9667 12.537

Bottom 7.2062581 7.49186332 5.9667 12.537

1 Top 7.21217539 7.50076296 5.97266 12.5454

Bottom 7.21217539 7.50076296 5.97266 12.5454

0 Top 0 0 0 0

Bottom 0 0 0 0

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Storey shear in both the cases i.e. in regular as well as in irregular building is decrease by 7% in X direction and 5% to 12%
in Y direction with compare to the without floating column building.

SUMMARY
The analysis on floating column for regular building and irregular building shows that

1) By the application of lateral loads in X and Y direction at each floor, the displacements of model 02 and 04 in X and Y
directions due to lateral loads are more than displacements of model01 and model 03 building.

2) By the application of lateral forces in X and Y direction story shear is decreases in both the direction of model 02 and
model 03 by 7% and 8% in X and Y direction respectively.

3) Story drift can be increase or decrease according to the structure and irregularities in the building.

CONCLUSION
In present paper, Effect of floating column on building performance subjected to lateral load is studied. The study
is carried out based on three important parameter i.e. lateral distance, Story drift, Story shear. Based on result obtained using
ETABS software, it can be concluded that The probabilities of failure of building (either regular or irregular in plan) with
floating column is found to be more than without floating column. The present study focuses on presence of floating column
at corner only. The performances of building may vary according to position and orientation of floating column.

REFERENCES
1) Agarwal pankaj, shrikhande manish (2009), “earthquake resistant design of structures”, phi learning private limited,
new delhi.
2) Badgire udhav s., shaikh a.n., maske ravi g.,“Analysis of multistory building with floating column”,International
Journal of Engineering Research ISSN:2319-6890)(online) Volume No.4, Issue No.9, pp : 475-478 01 Sept. 2015
3) D. annapurna, sriram nadipelli, “Comparative study of seismic analysis of a normal building and building with
floating columns”, IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163
Volume: 04 Special Issue: 13 | ICISE-2015 | Dec-2015
4) Thesis by sukumar behera, “Seismic analysis of multistory building With floating column”, Department of civil
engineering, National institute of technology Rourkela, May 2012
5) Nakul A. Patil Prof. Riyaz Sameer Shah, “Comparative Study of Floating and Non-Floating Columns with and
Without Seismic Behavior”, International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2395-6453
Volume: 01 No: 08 Dec-2015
6) IS 1893 Part 1 ,(2002).Indian Standard Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures
7) IS 456:2000 Plain and Reinforced Concrete code of Practice.

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