Kimathi - Civil Eng Syllabus in CUE Format PDF

KIMATHI UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY
(A CONSTITUENT COLLEGE OF JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND

TECHNOLOGY)
School of Engineering
Department of Civil Engineering
P.O. BOX 657-10100, NYERI, KENYA
DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
(8-4-5 PROGRAMME)
2010
1
1.0 ENTRY REQUIREMENTS
1.1 The University and Faculty common regulations shall apply.
1.2 KCSE Applicants:
The candidate must have passed K.C.S.E. or equivalent examination at the

minimum grades indicated below:-
Mathematics C+
Physics C+
Chemistry C+
Mean grade: C+
1.3 Kenya Advanced Certificate of Education (KACE) or the A-level equivalent

should satisfy all the requirements below:
(i) At least two principal passes in Mathematics and Physics;

And
(ii) At least a total score of nine (9) points at the KACE or equivalent;
And
(iii) At least credits pass in chemistry at the KCE or its equivalent.
1.4 A holder of other qualifications recognized by the Senate as equivalent to

1.2 or 1.3 above.
2.0 STRUCTURE AND DURATION OF THE COURSE

1. The duration of study for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering
shall normally extend over a period of five years.
2. The academic year shall be divided into two semesters.
3. The courses are taught in units. A unit is defined as the equivalent of 45 one--
hour lectures spread over one semester of 14 teaching weeks. For this purpose
two hours of tutorial or three hours of practicals are equivalent to one-hour
lecture.
4. A candidate in first, second, third, fourth and fifth year of study shall take a
minimum of 16 units in any one year of study.
2
5. A candidate shall be required to undertake practical attachment during the
second, third and fourth year study for a period not less than eight weeks each
year being equivalent to one unit.
6. A candidate shall be required to take during his/her first year of study, the
following university units.
(a) HRD 2101 Communications Skills
(b) HRD 2102 Development Studies
(c) SZL 2100 HIV/AIDS
6 Evaluation of teaching
1. The examinations are set and marked by the lecturer teaching the course who
acts as the internal examiner.
2. The moderation of all draft examinations together with model solutions is carried
out by an external examiner appointed by the university in accordance with laid
down procedures.
3. The external examiner is also responsible for moderation of the marking by
looking at the marked scripts vis a vis the model solution at the end of every
semester.
4. To ensure that high standards of teaching and service delivery are achieved, all
lecturers are evaluated from time time using an appropriate evaluation tool.
3.0 REGULATIONS
1. The University common regulations concerning examinations shall apply.
2. The Faculty common regulations concerning examinations shall apply, in
particular ENG.10, ENG.11, ENG.12, ENG.13, ENG.14, ENG.15, ENG.16,
ENG.17, ENG.18, ENG.19, ENG.20 and ENG.21.
3. During the 5th year of study, every student shall undertake a final year project.
The project will test the student’s ability to design, implement and test selected
civil engineering products. The student shall present a project report.
ENG.10
a) Ordinary University examinations shall normally be at the end of
every semester.
b) All units shall be examined during the semester in which they are taken
except projects which shall normally be examined at the end of the second
semester.
c) The examination pass mark in each unit shall be 40% of the total marks.
d) No candidate shall be allowed to sit for examinations without attending at
lease two thirds of the lectures and practicals.
e) No candidate shall be deemed to have passed in examinations unless the
candidate has passed practicals.
3
f) Continuous Assessments shall contribute 30% and written University
examinations shall contribute 70% of the total marks; except where a
course consists solely of practical work, it shall be assessed 100% by
continuous assessment. The continuous assessment shall consist of
continuous assessment tests, coursework and/or laboratory assignments.
A candidate shall satisfactorily complete such coursework/ practical
assignments as may be required for each course unit. The composition for
continuous assessment shall be as follows:
15% Practical/lab assignments/Class Projects
5% Assignments
10% Tests
Design and drawing courses will be assessed as specified in the departmental
regulations.
g) Practical attachment shall be assessed and graded on pass or fail basis.

h) The University examinations shall consist of papers each covering one
unit completed during the semester. The time allowed for each written
paper in a course unit shall be two hours except in drawing which shall be
three hours.
i) A candidate who absents himself/herself from a scheduled examination
for any unit without reasonable cause shall be deemed to have failed thee
examination for the unit, with a score of zero.
j) The senate examination disciplinary committee regulations shall apply in
all examination disciplinary cases.
ENG. 11
a) In order to be allowed to proceed to and register for the third year of study a
candidate must pass in all the required units of the first and second year of study.
b) After sitting the supplementary examinations a candidate may be allowed to carry
forward a maximum of two failed units to the second and fourth years of study.
However, a candidate who has failed a unit as a result of not fulfilling the
coursework requirements for the unit shall not be allowed to proceed to the next
year of study.
c) In order to be allowed to proceed to and to register for the fifth year of study a
student must have passed all the units in the first, second, third and fourth year
of study.
d) A candidate must pass in all the required units of the first, second, third, fourth
and fifth years of study in order to qualify for the award of their respective degree
as specified in ENG.19.
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ENG. 12
Each unit shall be graded out of 100 marks and the pass mark for
each unit shall be, 40% of the total. The marks shall be translated
into lateral grades as follows.
70% and above A
60% and above but less than 70% B
50% and above but less than 60% C
40% and above but less than 50% D
Below 40% E
ENG. 13
At the end of every academic year the Registrar’s office shall prepare
for each candidate a transcript in the form of literal grades for the
units taken during that year.
Supplementary examinations
a) Any examination in a unit taken by a candidate as a result of failing the unit at the
first attempt is a supplementary examination.
b) Supplementary examination period shall normally be at the end of a year of study
in which the unit is offered subject to ENG 14(d), (e), and (f)
c) Sitting supplementary examination in failed units shall be during the
supplementary examination period or during the ordinary examination period
when examination for the unit is next offered but this will be subject to ENG
14(d), (e), (f), (g), (h) and (i).
d) A candidate who fails in any unit, up to a maximum of five units at the ordinary
examination shall be required to sit supplementary examinations in all the failed
units during the supplementary period immediately following the ordinary
examinations in which he/she failed the units subject to ENG.17
e) A candidate who fails a unit at the supplementary examination period shall be
required to retake the examination during the next time the unit is offered at the
ordinary examinations subject to ENG 17.
Staying out
f) (i) A candidate who fails a supplementary examination of the Second year of
study during the supplementary examination period shall not be allowed to
proceed to the third year of study but shall be required to retake the examination
during the next time the unit is offered at the ordinary examinations subject to
ENG.17. (ii)A
candidate who fails a supplementary examination of the fourth year of study
during the supplementary examination period shall not be allowed to proceed to
the fifth year of study but shall be required to retake the examination during the
next time the unit is offered at the ordinary examinations subject to ENG.17.
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g) A candidate who fails three, four or five units of the first or third year of study, at
the supplementary examinations period shall not be allowed to proceed to the
next year of study but shall be required to retake the examination in the units
failed during the next time they are offered at ordinary examinations subject to
ENG.17.
h) A candidate who fails a supplementary examination of the fifth year of Study
during the supplementary examination period shall not graduate but shall be
required to retake the examination during the next time the unit is offered at the
ordinary examinations subject to ENG.17.
i) A candidate who fails six or seven units in any year of study shall be required to
retake examinations only in the failed units during the ordinary examination
period when examinations for the individual units are offered. Such a candidate
will not be allowed to retake examinations during the supplementary period
immediately following ordinary examinations period in which he/she failed the six
or seven units.
j) A candidate who has failed a unit for which he/she is required to take
supplementary examinations may be allowed to attend lecturers for the unit and
utilize other facilities upon making appropriate arrangements subject to ENG.21.
However, no marks shall be awarded for any continuous assessment taken.
k) A candidate who has not fulfilled the requirements for progression to the next
year of study or to graduate but is required to retake some examinations shall be
eligible to apply to utilize University facilities subject to ENG.21
Processing
l) Pending the results of the supplementary examination a candidate may Admitted
into the second, third, fourth, or fifth year of study but shall not continue therein
unless the candidate passes the required number of units in the previous year of
study. Where a candidate fails a unit evaluate wholly by continuous assessment
the candidate shall be required to carry out additional work for examination
during the supplementary examination period.
m) A mark of 40% and above in supplementary paper shall be recorded as 40% and
shall not include continuous assessment marks.
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Special examinations
ENG.15
If through unavoidable circumstances such as bereavement or sickness
a candidate is unable to sit for one or more examination papers, or
is unable to undertake essential parts of the work for continuous assessment
the candidate may, on the recommendation of the Faculty
Board of Examiners, and with the approval of Senate, be permitted
to take special examination, or undertake extra work for continuous
assessment. Special examinations shall be marked out of 100% and
shall include continuous assessment.
Readmission
ENG. 16
a) A candidate may be re-admitted into an academic year on compassionate
grounds, on the recommendation of the Faculty and with the approval of the
Senate .
b) A candidate who has been re-admitted after completing the first semester will
be required to register only for the second semester, of academic year into
which he/she is re-admitted.
Discontinuation
ENG. 17
a) A candidate who fail 8 or more units, all of the same year of study, at the
ordinary University examinations shall be discontinued.
b) A candidate who does not pass a unit after a total of four attempts shall be
discontinued. In this case the four attempts shall normally be as follows;
I. First attempt will be at ordinary examinations
II. Second attempt will be at supplementary examinations period following
failure at the ordinary examinations
III. Third attempt will be following failure at supplementary examinations in
ENG.17 b (ii) and the examination will be taken at the ordinary examination
period when the paper is offered
IV. Fourth attempt will be following the supplementary examination period,
following the ordinary examination period in which the third attempt in
ENG.17 b(iii) above is made.
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c) A candidate who fails six or seven units of a year of study after the first attempt
and subsequently fails the same six or seven units after retaking the
examinations shall be discontinued.
d) A candidate who retakes examinations after failing six or seven units of a year
of study and subsequently fails in any of the units at the retake which he/she
then fails again at the third attempt, shall be discontinued.
e) A candidate who fails to complete the first and second years of study in three
academic years shall be discontinued.
f) A candidate who fails to complete the third, fourth and fifth years of study in five
academic years shall be discontinued.
Award of degree
ENG. 18
a) To be considered for the award of the degree in the Faculty of Engineering,
candidate must have passed all the required units of first, second, third, fourth
and fifth years of study of the respective degree programme.
b) No candidate shall be awarded the degree without passing practical
Attachments.
c) No candidate shall be awarded the degree without passing the HIV/AIDS unit
MED 2100
Classification of degree
ENG. 19
a) A candidate who qualifies for the award degree shall be placed in one of the
following classes;
First class Honours

Second class Honours (Upper Division)
Second class Honours (Lower Division)
Pass
b) A candidate who has i) failed the same unit more than once or ii) failed six or
seven units in a year of study, shall not qualify for award of an honours degree.
c) The final classification of the degree in the Faculty of Engineering Shall be based
on 80 required units taken during the five years of study for the respective
Bachelor of Science in Engineering. The 80 required units shall not include MED
2100 HIV/AIDS.
d) The total marks for the 80 required units for the degrees specified in the Faculty
of Engineering will be averaged to arrive at the final classification.
e) The degree shall be classified as follows:
 70% and above: First Class Honours
 60% and above but less than 70%: Second Class Honours (Upper
Division)
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 50% and above but less than 60%: Second Class Honours (Lower
Division)
 Above40% and above but less than 50%: Pass
Appeal for re-assessment
ENG.20
A candidate may appeal for remarking of a written examination paper
within four weeks after the release of results for the course unit for
which the appeal is made.
Release of results
ENG.21
A student’s registration for courses, sitting for examinations, release
of results and awarding of the Degree shall be subject to the student
fulfilling all University regulations concerning payment of fees.
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4.0 UNITS
FIRST YEAR
UNIT CODE UNIT TITLE UNITS
HRD 2101 Communication Skills (University Unit) 1
SMA 2170 Algebra 1
SMA 2171 Geometry 1
SMA 2172 Calculus I 1
SPH 2170 Physics I 1
SCH 2109 Chemistry I 1
SMA 2174 Introduction to computer science 1
EME 2101 Engineering Drawing I 1
HRD 2102 Development Studies (University Unit) 1
SPH 2181 Physics II 1
SCH 2182 Chemistry II 1
SMA 2173 Calculus II 1
SMA 2175 Computer Programming II 1
SMA 2273 Applied Mathematics I 1
ECE 2114 Engineering Drawing II 1
EME 2106 Workshop Practice 1
SZL 2100 HIV and AIDS (audited)
YEAR TOTAL 16
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SECOND YEAR
HRD 2103 General Economics 1
SMA 2270 Calculus III 1
ECE 2202 Surveying I 1
ECE 2203 Fluid Mechanics I 1
ECE 2204 Strength of Materials I 1
ECE 2205 Theory of structures I 1
ECE 2206 Civil Engineering Materials I 1
ECE 2207 Engineering Drawing III 1
SMA 2271 Ordinary Differential Equations 1
SMA 2272 Statistics 1
ECE 2211 Surveying II 1
ECE 2212 Fluid Mechanics II 1
ECE 2213 Civil Engineering Materials II 1
ECE 2214 Strength of Material II 1
ECE 2215 Theory of Structures II 1
ECE 2216 Engineering Drawing IV 1
YEAR TOTAL 16
ECE 2217++ Practical Attachment I (8 Weeks)
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THIRD YEAR
SMA 2370 Calculus IV 1
ECE 2302 Engineering Geology 1
ECE 2303 Soil Mechanics I 1
ECE 2304 Hydraulics I 1
ECE 2305 Public Health Engineering I 1
ECE 2306 Surveying III 1
ECE 2307 Theory of Structures III 1
ECE 2308 Transportation Planning and Development 1
SMA 2371 Partial Differential Equations 1
ECE 2311 Soil Mechanics II 1
ECE 2312 Hydraulics II 1
ECE 2313 Public Health Engineering II 1
ECE 2314 Surveying IV 1
ECE 2315 Economics for Civil Engineers 1
ECE 2317 Theory of Structures IV 1
ECE 2318 Transportation Engineering I 1
YEAR TOTAL 16
ECE 2319++ Practical Attachment II (8 Weeks)
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FOURTH YEAR
SMA 2471 Numerical Analysis I 1
ECE 2402 Hydrology I 1
ECE 2403 Traffic Engineering I 1
ECE 2404 Highway Engineering I 1
ECE 2405 Irrigation Engineering I 1
ECE 2406 Foundation Engineering I 1
ECE 2407* Structural Design I 1
ECE 2408 Theory of Structures V 1
ECE 2409 Research Methodology 1
ECE 2410 Hydrology II 1
ECE 2411 Traffic Engineering II 1
ECE 2412 Highway Engineering II 1
ECE 2413 Irrigation Engineering II 1
ECE 2414 Foundation Engineering II 1
ECE 2415* Structural Design II 1
ECE 2416 Theory of Structures VI 1
YEAR TOTAL 16
ECE 2417++ Practical Attachment III (8 Weeks)
13
FIFTH YEAR
UNIT CODE UNIT TITLE UNIT(S)
1st semester
(CORE)
ECE 2501 Engineering Management I 1
ECE 2502* Structural Design III 1
ECE 2503 Water Resources Engineering I 1
ECE 2504 Public Health Engineering III 1
ECE 2505** Project 2
ECE 2507 Logistics and system analysis in 1

Transportation.
OPTIONS*** (A candidate to select any

two units)
ECE 2516 Photogrammetry 1
ECE 2517 Geographical Information System 1
ECE 2518 Remote Sensing 1
ECE 2519 Environmental Engineering 1
2nd semester
(CORE)
ECE 2508 Geotechnical Engineering 1
ECE 2509 Engineering Management II 1
ECE 2510 Harbour Engineering 1
ECE 2511 Civil Engineering Practice 1
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Electives + (A Candidate to select only Two
Units from any of the following groups)
Water Resources Engineering
ECE 2512 Public Health Engineering IV 1
ECE 2513 Water Resources Engineering II 1
Structural Engineering
ECE 2514 Theory of structures VII 1
ECE 2515* Structural Design IV 1
Transportation & Highway Engineering
ECE 2520 Traffic Engineering III 1
ECE 2521 Transportation and Land use, Urban

and Regional Planning 1
YEAR TOTAL 16
GRAND TOTAL 80
Notes
* Design units to be assessed by design exercises 50%, 10%
continuous assessment tests and final examinations 40%.
** ECE 2505 Project to be examined by continuous assessment as three (3)

units at the end of second semester.
*** Units taken subject to approval by Civil Engineering

Department.
# Assessment to be based on workshop assignments.
+ Electives offered will be subject to approval by Civil

Engineering Department.
++ Assessment of practical attachment to be based on student's
log-book, report and supervisor's evaluation report.
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5.0 DETAILED COURSE DESCRIPTION
FIRST YEAR
HRD 2101 COMMUNICATION SKILLS.

Course Purpose
To provide students with a broad understanding of the general communication process and
equip them with skills to communicate effectively using different methods and media.
Objectives
At the end of this course the student should be able to:
(i) Demonstrate good understanding of the communication process as applied to
public speaking, writing and specifically technical report writing.
(ii) Understand the barriers to effective communication and how to minimize their
influence.
(iii) Define a methodical approach to each of; interviews, questionnaires, use of the
library,
Course Content
Communication: definition, elements, process, purposes, qualities, and barriers. Oral
communication: public speaking, persuasion, interviews, committee meetings, barriers,
and tutorial discussion. Listening skills: efficient listening, barriers, and listening to
lectures. Writing skills: essay, correspondence, reports and summary. Reading skills:
efficient reading, barriers, skimming, scanning and study reading. Visual communication :
public relations and advertising. Sources of information: interviews, questionnaires,
library, observation and experiences.
Teaching Methodology
The method of instruction will be lectures, interactive tutorials, educational field trips,
practical classes, and any other presentations/ demonstrations the lecturer will deem fit
towards enhancing understanding the concepts taught in class.
Instruction Materials
1. Whiteboard
2. LCD/Overhead Projector
3. Handouts
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Course assessment
During the period of study, assessment will be conducted by CATs (Continuous
Assessment Tests), regular assignments and a final Examination at end of the unit. The
composition for continuous assessment shall be as follows: 10% Assignments, 20% Tests
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Bowers, C. A. (1988): The Cultural Dimensions of Educational Computing:
Understanding the Non-Neutrality of Technology. New York: Teachers College Press
[generally very useful, though difficult, and cited here only for commentary on Michael
Reddy on pages 42-4]
2. Carey, James (1989): Communication as Culture. New York: Routledge (Chapter 1, 'A
Cultural Approach to Communication')
References
1. Ellis, Russell & Ann McClintock (1990): If You Take My Meaning: Theory into Practice
in Human Communication. London: Arnold (Chapter 5, (Communication Models')
2. Fiske, John (1982): Introduction to Communication Studies. London: Routledge
(Chapter 1, 'Communication Theory' is a good introduction to this topic)
3. Kress, Gunther (1988): 'Communication and Culture'. In Gunther Kress (Ed.):
Communication and Culture. Kensington, NSW: New South Wales University Press
4. Lakoff, George & Mark Johnson (1980): Metaphors We Live By. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press
5. McQuail, Denis & Sven Windahl (1993): Communication Models for the Study of Mass
Communication. London: Longman
The Journal of Cooperative Communication Skills
SMA 2170 ALGEBRA

Course Purpose
This course is intended to provide students with good grounding in the fundamentals of
algebra.
Objectives
(iv) Solve quadratic functions, polynomial equations and inequalities
(v) Solve problems involving the behaviour of various mathematical series;
(vi) Solve basic problems involving complex numbers
(vii) Solve permutations and combinations
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Course Content
Surds, logarithms and indices. Determination of linear laws from experimental data.
Quadratic functions, equations and inequalities. Remainder theorem and its application to
solution of factorisable polynomial equations and inequalities. Permutations and
combinations. Series: finite, Infinite, arithmetic, geometric and binomial, and their
applications such as compound interest, approximations, growth and decay. The principle
of induction and examples such as formulae for summation of series and properties of
divisibility.
Complex numbers: argand diagrams, arithmetic operations and their geometric
representation. Modulus and argument. De Moivre's and its applications to trigonometric
identities and roots of complex numbers.
The method of instruction will be lectures, interactive tutorials, practical classes,
educational field trips and any other presentations / demonstrations the lecturer will deem
fit towards enhancing understanding of the concepts taught in class.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
composition for continuous assessment shall be as follows: 10% Assignments, 20%
Tests
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Larson R., Boswell L., Kanold T.D. & Stiff L., (2001). Algebra I: Applications, Equations
& Graphs. McDougall Little
2. Roman S., (2007). Advanced Linear Algebra. Kindle Edition.
References
1. Sullivan M., (2004). College Algebra. 7th Edition
2. Kreyszig E., (1993). Advanced Engineering Mathematics. John Wiley. 7th Ed
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3. Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
SMA 2171 GEOMETRY

Course Purpose
To impart the students with knowledge on the principles of mathematical geometry.
Objectives
(i) Distinguish degrees and radians as units of angular measurement
(ii) Apply and manipulate sine and cosine formulae
(iii) Describe ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, straight lines, circle and manipulate formulae
associated with them
(iv) Explain the concept of scalars and vectors and solve vector problems
(v) Distinguish and relate Polar Coordinates and Cartesian Coordinates
Course Content
Trigonometry: trigonometry functions, their graphs and inverses for degree and radian
measure, addition, multiple angle and factor formulae, trigonometric identities and
equations. Sine and Cosine formulae: their application to solution of triangles and
identities. The straight line: equation, parallel and perpendicular lines. The circle:
general equation of tangent at point of contact and from an external point. Polar
coordinates, graphs and equations. Ellipse, parabola and hyperbola: equations in
standard form and with change of origin, chord, tangent an normal including parametric
form.
Vectors in two and three dimensions: addition, subtraction, multiplication by scalars,
resolution, scalar and vector products. Applications to plane trigonometry, geometry of
straight line in two and three dimensions, and resultant force and velocity.
The method of instruction will be lectures, interactive tutorials, practical classes,
educational field trips and any other presentations / demonstrations the lecturer will deem
fit towards enhancing understanding of the concepts taught in class.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
19
Course assessment
Assessment Tests), regular assignments and a final Examination at end of the unit.
The composition for continuous assessment shall be as follows: 10% Assignments, 20%
Tests
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Coxeter, H. S. M. (1989). Introduction to geometry, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York.
2. Atiyah, Michael. (1982). What is geometry?, Math. Gaz. 66 no. 437, 179--184.
References
1. Eves, Howard. (1972). A survey of geometry, Allyn and Bacon, Inc., Boston, Mass.
2. Journal of Mathematics Research
3. Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences
SMA 2172 CALCULUS I

Course Purpose
To provide the student with an understanding of mapping functions, differentiation and
applications of calculus. It also provides concrete understanding of integration of functions
including applications in area and volume computations.
Objectives
(i) Define and manipulate mappings and describe Venn diagrams
(ii) Compute limits, continuity and differentiability for basic functions
(iii) Carry out differentiation, integration and apply them to practical aspects such as
areas, kinematics, rates of change, small changes and stationary points
Course Content
Mappings and functions: definition, domain, codomain, range, image, composition and
inverse of functions. limits, continuity and differentiability. differentiation by first principles
and by rule for x (integral and fractional n), sums, products, quotients, chain rule,
trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions of a single variable. Applications:
equations of tangent and normal, kinematics, rates of change, small changes and
stationary points. Parametric differentiation. Integration: anti-derivatives and their
20
applications to areas and volumes.
practical classes, and any other presentations / demonstrations the lecturer will deem fit
towards enhancing understanding of the concepts taught in class.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Purcell, E.G., (2002). Calculus with Analytic Geometry, 4th edition, Prentice-Hall, New
York, USA.
2. Oberle, W.F., (1986). Calculus and the computer, Addison – Wesley, London, England.
References
1. Fridy, J.A., (1987). Theory of Calculus, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, USA.
2. Hallet, H et al., (1992). Applied Calculus, John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
3. Hildebrosud, F.B., (1976). Advanced Calculus for Applications, Prentice-Hall, New
York, USA.
5. International Journal of Mathematics
SPH 2170 PHYSICS I

Course Purpose
To provide students with a good understanding of fundamental theories in physics and their
application in Civil Engineering.
Objectives
(i) Demonstrate a good understanding of how physical phenomena apply to
Engineering
21
(ii) Explain and derive equations for Newtonian Laws.
(iii) Relate thermal conditions to the physical properties of matter
(iv) Explain the basic concepts of optics
Course Content
Units and dimensions. Standard International (SI) units. Kinematics. Dynamics. Circular
Motion, Simple Harmonic Motion. Gravitation of rigid body. Surface Tension. Elasticity.
Kinetic and Static Friction. Viscosity. Calorimetry, gases, thermal expansion, change of
state. Optics: reflection through prisms, dispersion spectra, reflection through lenses,
optical instruments, velocity of light, photometry, and light interference, diffraction,
polarization, quantum concepts.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
composition for continuous assessment shall be as follows: 15% Practical, 5%
Assignments, 10% Tests
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Giancali D.C., (2004). Physics: Principles with Applications.
2. Knight R.D., (2003). Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A strategic Approach.
References
1. Jewett J. W. & Serway A., (2007). Physics for Scientists and Engineers Vol I. Sanders
College Publishing.
2. Giancali D.C., (2000). Physics for Scientists and Engineers. 3rd Ed.
3. Serway R.S., Faughn J.S. Vuille C. & Bennett C.A., (1998). College Physics. Sanders
College Publishing. 5th Ed
4. Reese R.L.,. (1999). University Physics
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5. Journal of Applied Physics
SCH 2109 CHEMISTRY I

Course Purpose
Introduce the learners to inorganic chemistry and physical chemistry.
Objectives
(i) Understand organic structures, solubility and precipitation of various salts
(ii) Develop and explain equations for various reactions in inorganic chemistry.
(iii) Explain the characteristics and significance of some salts and elements eg
ammonia, nitrates, phosphates, sulphates, silicates; chloride, oxygen, ozone,
carbon etc
(iv) Define various aspects of chemical energetic and chemical bonding
Course Content
Inorganic chemistry: atomic structure and the periodic table, the nucleus, solubility,
precipitation, ion-exchange, nitrification and denitrification, oxidation-reduction, absorption.
Characteristics and significance of some salts and elements (ammonia, nitrates,
phosphates, sulphates, silicates; chloride, oxygen, ozone, carbon etc). Physical chemistry:
ionic solution. Ionization energy. Chemical energetics and bonding, chemical equilibrium
kinetics.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books
23
1. Greenwood, N. N.; & Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd Edn.),
Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann.
2. C. Elschenbroich, A. Salzer ”Organometallics (1992). A Concise Introduction” (2nd Ed)
Wiley-VCH: Weinheim.
References
1. Berry, S. R., Rice, S. A, Ross, J. (2000). Physical Chemistry 2nd ed. Oxford University
Press.
2. Cotton, F. A (1990)., Chemical Applications of Group Theory, John Wiley & Sons: New
York,
3. Girolami, G. S.; Rauchfuss, T. B (1999). and Angelici, R. J., Synthesis and Technique
in Inorganic Chemistry, University Science Books: Mill Valley, CA,
4. Gonzales, Paul (1963). Physical Chemistry 4th ed. Longman
publishers/London/Prentice Hall, NJ.
5. Hiemenz, P. C., Rajagopalan, R., (1997). Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry
Marcel Dekker Inc., New York.
6. Hunter, R. J. (1993) Introduction to Modern Colloid Science Oxford University Press.
7. Lehn, J. M., (1995) Supramolecular Chemistry: Concepts and Perspectives, VCH:
Weinhiem,
8. Levine, I. N. (1978). Physical Chemistry McGraw-Hill (1978). Physical Chemistry Oxford
University Press
9. Meitner L, Frisch OR (1939) Disintegration of uranium by neutrons: a new type of
nuclear reaction Nature 143:239-240
10. R. G. Wilkins (1991) "Kinetics and Mechanism of Reactions of Transition Metal
Complexes" Wiley-VCH Verlag; 2nd
11. S. J. Lippard, J. M. Berg (1994) “Principles of Bioinorganic Chemistry” University
Science Books: Mill Valley, CA;.
12. Wells, A.F. (1984). Structural Inorganic Chemistry, Oxford: Clarendon Press.
13. The Journal of Organic Chemistry
SMA 2174 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER SCIENCE
Course Purpose
To provide students with a basic introduction to computer science.
Objectives
(i) Describe computers and computer systems
(ii) Understand the various data representations in computing
(iii) Describe the different types of computer software and hardware
(iv) Demonstrate a working knowledge of computer operating systems and various
24
application packages; word processing, spreadsheets, database management etc
Course Content
Computer fundamentals: review of historical development of computer, classification, file
management, using DOS(disk operating system), information, data, binary, bit, byte ASCII
(American Standard Code for Information Interchange) and programming languages.
Hardware: input and output devices, storage and CPU (Central Processing Unit).
Software: operating systems,compiler, interpreter, application software and utilities.
Software packages such as word processing, spreadsheets, statistical packages and data
base management.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Preece. J. (2000). The use of computer in general practice.
2. Harvey M. Deitel and Paul J. Deitel (2002). Java How to program, 4th Edition. Prentice
Hall.
References
1. Deitel, H.M., Deitel,P.J., Nieto, T.R., (2000). Internet and World Wide Web. How to
program; Prentice-Hall Inc; New Jersey.
2. French C. S. (1996). Computer science
3. Journal of Computer Science & Technology
4. Journal of Computer Science and Applications
EME 2101 ENGINEERING DRAWING I

Course Purpose
Introduce the learner to the fundamental principles of engineering drawing and apply in
Civil Engineering
25
Objectives
(i) Demonstrate a working knowledge of various technical drawing equipment and
paper sizes
(ii) Develop three dimensional views and produce orthographic projections for various
shapes.
(iii) Draw various mechanical elements; thread forms, cams and gear teeth profiles,
shafts, couplings etc
(iv) Apply conventional representation of features to (BS) 308, (ISO) 4500 and KEBS
codes of drawing practice.
Course Content
Various aspects of graphic language, Aesthetics, artistic and technical drawing equipment
for pencil work and ink work, drawing paper sizes, lettering and linework. Introduction to
orthographic projections. Three-dimensional views; isometric, perspective and oblique.
Construction of a loci. Aspects of design. Different types of thread forms. Cams and gear
teeth profiles. Various types of fasteners, shaft and couplings. Conventional representation
of features including British standard (BS) 308, international standard organization (ISO)
4500 and Kenya Bureau of Standards (KBS) codes of drawing practice.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Cecil H. Jensen, Jay D. Helsel, Dennis Short, (2007). Engineering Drawing And Design
2. Dhananjay Jolhe, (2007). Engineering Drawing: With An Introduction To Cad.
McGraw-Hill
26
References
1. Madsen, D. A, (2006). Engineering Drawing and Design. Delmar Cengage Learning
2. Goetsch D. E, Chalk W.S, Rickman R.L, Nelson J.A, (2008). Technical Drawing and
Engineering Communication. Delmar Cengage Learning
3. Jude D.V, (1987). Civil Engineering Drawing. Blackwell Science Ltd; 2nd edition
4. Madsen D. A, Shumaker T. M, David P. Madsen D. P, (2009). Civil Drafting
Technology. Prentice Hall; 7 edition
5. International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology
HRD 2102 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

Course Purpose
This course introduces students to the concepts of development and under-development
including fundamentals of project management related to technology and society
Objectives
(i) Define the concepts of development and underdevelopment
(ii) Explain on socio-indicators of growth and development
(iii) Explain the role of technology in society
(iv) Describe morality and ethics and various ethical and behavioural theories
Course Content
The concept of development and underdevelopment; socio-economic indicators of growth
and development; group dynamics; structure and behavior of small groups; leadership;
organizing people and activities e.g. Harambee etc, division of labour; fundamentals of
project management; technology and society; role and responsibility of professionals in
rural/industrial environment; information technology. Nature of morality; place of morality in
society; human-centered ethics and place of human in the natural world.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
27
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books
1. Smelser, Neil and Richard Swedberg, (2005). The Handbook of Economic Sociology.
2. Weber, Max, (1978). Economy and Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.
References
1. Boltanski, Luc and Laurent Thévenot. (2006). On Justification. The Economies of
Worth, Princeton, Princeton University Press.
2. Boltanski, Luc, and Ève Chiapello. (2005). The New Spirit of Capitalism, London–New
York, Verso.
3. White, Harrison C. 2002. Markets from Networks: Socioeconomic Models of
Production. Princeton: Princeton University Press
4. Polanyi, Karl. (1944). The Great Transformation. Boston: Beacon.
5. The Journal of Development Studies
SMA 2173 CALCULUS II

Course Purpose
Expose students to higher derivatives and integration techniques, including applications to
kinematics
Objectives
(i) Solve higher order derivatives using parametric and implicit differentiation
(ii) Differentiate and integrate hyperbolic and trigonometric functions
(iii) Apply integration to problems of kinematics and numerical integration
Course Content
Parametric and implicit differentiation including second and higher derivatives, and
application to equations of tangent and normal. Curve sketching and asymptotes.
Hyperbolic functions: their, differentiation and integration.Techniques of integration:
powers of trigonometric functions, standard substitution including trigonometric and
hyperbolic functions and method, parts and partial fractions. Solution of first order ordinary
differential equations by separation of variables. Application of integration to kinematics
including simple harmonic motion, arc length, plane and surface area, and volume, in
Cartesian coordinates.
28
Numerical integration: trapezoidal, mid-ordinate, Simpson's and Prismoidal rules.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SMA 2172 Calculus I
Required Text Books

1. Howard Anton, (1995). Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition, John Wiley.
2. Robert Elis and Denny Gullich, (1994). Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition.
References
1. Stanley I. Grossman, (1992). Calculus, Fortworth.
2. Frank Eyres, (1992). Schaum’s outline of theory and problems of differential and
integral calculus. 3rd Revision. McGraw Hill.
29
SPH 2171 PHYSICS II
Course Purpose
To impart students with the concepts of electricity and magnetism
Objectives
(i) Demonstrate a good understanding of electromagnetic theory
(ii) Demonstrate good knowledge of basic nuclear radioactivity and its applications
Course Content
Electricity: electric and Magnetic quantities. Electrostatics.Chemical effect of
current,measurents.DC circuit laws and
analysis.Ohm's,Kirchoffs,superposition,Mesh.Magnetic field;force on conductor;Magnetic
circuits.Nucleus radioactivity.X-rays,and gamma rays for material testing.Nuclear energy
isotopes and their uses in Industry.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SPH 2170 Physics I
Required Text Books

1. Burcham, W. E. (1979). Elements of Nuclear Physics. Longman Scientific & Technical.
2. Littlefield, T.A. and Thorley, N. (1979). Atomic and Nuclear Physics. ELBS and
Nostrand Reinhold Company.
References
1. Duffin, W. J. (1999). Electricity and Magnetism. 4th Ed. McGraw-Hill.
2. Bleany, B. I. and Bleany, B. (1976). Electricity and Magnetism. Vol. 1 & 2. Oxford
Science Publications.
3. Journal of Applied Physics
4. Journal of Physics
30
SCH 2108 CHEMISTRY II
Course Purpose
Introduce learners to organic and applied chemistry
Objectives
(i) Distinguish the chemical formulae, structure and significance of various
hydrocarbons and other organic compounds
(ii) Explain the structure and formulae of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids
(iii) Demonstrate basic knowledge of various practical applications of organic chemistry
and electrochemistry
Course Content
Organic chemistry: significance of saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons, phenols,
ketones, aldehydes. Organic nitrogen compounds, organic halogen compounds.
Structures and characteristics of carbohydrates. Proteins and lipids. Applied chemistry:
introduction to polymer science, hard and soft water. Electro-chemistry, nitrogen cycle,
fuels. Fertilizers, soaps, non-soapy detergents. Anaerobic and aerobic digestion.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SCH 2109 Chemistry I
Required Text Books

1. John D. Roberts, Marjorie C. Caserio, (1964). Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry.
2. Robert T. Morrison, Robert N. Boyd, and Robert K. Boyd, (1992). Organic Chemistry,
6th edition
31
References
1. Encyclopædia Britannica., (2006). chemistry of industrial polymers.
2. Richard F. and Sally J. Daley, Organic Chemistry, Online organic chemistry textbook.
http://www.ochem4free.info
3. L.A., H.A. Campbell., (1983). Chemistry Solutions
4. The Journal of Organic Chemistry
5. International Journal of Chemistry
SMA 2175 COMPUTER PROGRAMMING II

Course Purpose
To provide students with basic programming concepts which should be adequate to solve
simple engineering problems.
Objectives
(i) Understand basic programming concepts and apply them to solving relatively
simple problems programmatically
(ii) Design and develop programs that can be used to solve problems
Course Content
Programming in C Language: types of variables including complex and double precision,
multidimensional arrays, relational, arithmetical, logical operations and expressions,
transfer of control including nested loops, format directed input and output, string handling,
files processing and scientific subroutines. Applications to engineering problems.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
32
Prerequisites: SMA 2174 Introduction to Computer Science
Required Text Books

1. Bruce Eckel, (2000). Thinking in C. Prentice Hall. 2000. New Jersey
2. Bjarne Stroustrup, (1997). The C++ programming language, 3rd Edition. Addison-
Wesley
References
1. Tizzard, K. (1992). C for professional programmers
2. Tenenbaum, A (2000). Computer with data structures using C
3. The Journal of Supercomputing
4. Journal of Computer Science & Technology
5. Journal of Computer Science and Applications
SMA 2273 APPLIED MATHEMATICS I

Course Purpose
To provide students with an understanding of laws of motion, statics, equilibrium and their
application to Civil Engineering
Objectives
(iii) Describe Newton’s laws of motion and apply them to motion of a body and projectile
motion
(iv) Explain the concept of energy and power
(v) Describe statics and equilibrium
(vi) Carry out basic dimensional analysis
Course Content
Newton's laws of motion. Mass, force, momentum, energy and power. Motion of a body in
a straight line under uniform or variable acceleration expressed as a function of time.
Projectiles in two dimensions under the action of gravity only.
Statics: composition and resolution of forces, including friction on a body in equilibrium or in

motion, moments and couples, and equilibrium of a particle and rigid body under a system
of coplanar forces. Elementary dimensional analysis.
33
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SMA 2173 Calculus II
Required Text Books

1. L, Bostock and Susan Chandler, (2002). Applied Mathematics, Vol 1, 2nd Edition,
Stanley Thornes
2. R. Jesse Phagan, (2010). Applied Mathematics, 4th Edition, Goodheart-willcox
References
1. Harry Pollard, (1972). Applied mathematics: an introduction, Illustrated Edition,
Addison-Wesley
2. G. A. Oyibo, (1997). Applied Mathematics Methods and Applications, 2nd Edition, Nova
Science
3. Mark H. Holmes, (2009). Introduction to the Foundations of Applied Mathematics,
illustrated Edition, Springer
4. John David Logan, (1997). Applied Mathematics. 2nd Edition. McGraw Hill
ECE 2114 ENGINEERING DRAWING II

Course Purpose
Introduce the learner to the basics of mechanical engineering drawing
Objectives
(i) Develop surfaces and interpenetrations
(ii) Draw sections, dimensions, assembly drawings, axonometric and perspective
Course Content
Solid geometrical constructions: interpenetrations and development of surfaces.
Orthographic drawings: sectioning and dimensioning. Assembly drawings: organization of
exploded news into orthographic representation. Axonometric and perspective drawings:
34
external and internal views of components and structures.
4. Whiteboard
6. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Cecil H. Jensen, Jay D. Helsel, Dennis Short, (2007). Engineering Drawing And
Design
McGraw-Hill
References
1. Madsen, D. A, (2006). Engineering Drawing and Design. Delmar Cengage
Learning
35
EME 2106 WORKSHOP PRACTICE
Course Purpose
To expose students to the various workshop practices including metalwork, plumbing and
domestic electrical wiring
Objectives
(i) Design and produce simple metalwork products
(ii) Install basic domestic plumbing systems
(iii) Carry out simple domestic electrical wiring
Course Content
Material technology. Wood and metal: sources characteristics, types, selection,
treatment and use, eg. plumbing materials. Safety: work bench machines, materials.
Factory Act. Hand tool operations: marking out, chip removal and jointing parts.
Machine tool operations. Metal working. Designing and making of a workshop product.
Basic installations: cold and hot water systems. Disposal systems: storm water and
waste water fluids.
Electrical wiring systems and safety regulations. Electrical symbols, circuits diagrams
layout, documentation. Electrical wiring, tinning and plating. Application of semi-
conductor devices in electrical circuits, transistor and amplifier circuits.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
During the period of study, assessment will be conducted through practicals
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Chapman W.A.J Workshop Technology, Vol. 1 Edward Arnold Ltd
36
References
1. Stuart Gibson Practical welding
2. Wright P. & Trent E. M. Metal cutting Butterworths
37
SECOND YEAR
HRD 2103 GENERAL ECONOMICS
Course Purpose
Equip students with basic economic theory to facilitate understanding of various concepts
in economics such as production theory and national income
Objectives
(i) Define economics and basic economic concepts
(ii) Describe various economic theories
(iii) Describe various aspects of international trade
(iv) Explain the theory of money
(v) Define various concepts of economic growth and economic development
Course Content
Introduction: Nature and scope of economics; Basic economic concepts: e.g. scarcity,
choice, opportunity cost and scale of preferences; Theory of consumption and itility
analysis: Law of Diminishing marginal utility; Theory of production: meaning of
Production, factors of Production; Production cost; the law of Diminishing returns; Price
theory: Demand and Supply:-meaning, types, determinants and elasticities; Markets
structures; Price determination in different market structures; Economic role of
governments; National Income accounting(NIA):Measurement of national income,
importance of NIA statistics; Income Determination theory, theory of consumption theory
of saving and Investment; Demand for supply of money; Commercial Banks and Credit
Creation; Role of Central Banks; International trade: theory of comparative advantage;
Balance of payments Accounts; the case for and against free trade ;Commercial policies;
Foreign exchange and foreign exchange rates; Economic Growth; unemployment;
inflation; macro-economic policies: monetary, fiscal and income policy.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
38
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Baumol W. J., (2008). Economics: Principles and Policy. South-Western College
Publisher
2. C. J. McKenna., (1993). Economics: A mathematical introduction. Oxford University
Press
References
1. John Beardshaw, (1992). Economics: A student’s guide.
2. Steven L. Green, (1993). Macroeconomics: Analysis and Applications.
3. Journal of Economics
4. The Journal of Economics and Business
SMA 2270 CALCULUS III

Course Purpose
To impart students with knowledge in various theorems in calculus such as series, matrix
operations; and their applications.
Learning Outcomes
(i) Solve problems on limits, continuity and differentiability
(ii) Apply various theorems on series and sequences
(iii) Solve problems on partial differentiation
(iv) Solve matrices and their applications
(v) Apply integration to practical cases
Course Content
Limits, continuity and differentiability. Sequences and series: convergence tests. Mean
value theorem of differential calculus. L'Hopital's rule. Rolle's theorem. Power series:
Taylor's and Maclaurin's theorems including applications to binomial. Logarithmic,
exponential, trigonometric and hyperbolic functions. Trigonometric and hyperbolic
representations of complex numbers. Partial differentiation including first and second
partial derivatives, total derivative, and change of variable for two independent variables.
39
Determinants: their evaluation and properties.
Matrices:operations, inverse, solution of simultaneous linear equations, Cramer's rule,
eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Application to geometrical transformations in two and three
dimensions.
Integration: reduction formulae, applications to arc length, plane and surface area,
volume, mass centre and moments of inertia in Cartesian and polar coordinates. Improper
integrals and their convergence. Integration as the limit of a sum including pincer method
for evaluation of simple integrals. Double integrals including change of order of integration
and change of variable.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SMA 2173 Calculus II
Required Text Books

1. Howard Anton, (1995). Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition, John Wiley
2. Robert Elis and Denny Gullich, (1994). Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition
References
2. Robert Elis and Denny Gullich, (1994). Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition
3. Stanley I. Grossman, (1992). Calculus, Fortworth
4. Frank Eyres, (1992). Schaum’s outline of theory and problems of differential and
integral calculus. 3rd Revision. McGraw Hill
40
ECE 2202 SURVEYING I
Course Purpose
Introduce the learner to the fundamentals of surveying including methods, equipment, field
procedures and reduction of observations.
Objectives
(i) Demonstrate a good understanding of various surveying techniques
(ii) Describe and carry out linear measurements using various methods
(iii) Carry out adjustments of field observations
(iv) Describe and apply the concepts of leveling and contouring
Course Content
Introduction: definitions and basic concepts. Linear measurements: ranging of line,
monumentation of points; instruments and tools, chains, steel bands, tapes, corrections,
accuracies. Electromagnetic Distance Measurement (EDM): basic principles, uses,
accuracies. Detailed surveying of direct linear measurement. Measurements of
differences in heights; geometric levelling: principles, differential levelling, reciprocal
levelling, procedures, levelling instruments, telescopic, levelling tube, booking, calculations,
sources of errors, corrections, accuracies. Applications: contouring, methods guide,
radial line, cross and longitudinal sections, site levelling. Field work.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Kavanagh B. F, (2009). Surveying with Construction Applications. Prentice Hall. 7
edition
41
2. Kavanagh B. F., (2008). Surveying: Principles and Applications. Prentice Hall. 8th
edition
References
1. Ramsay J. P. Wilson, (1983). Land Surveying. Trans-Atlantic Pubns; 3rd Revised
edition
2. Russell C., (1987). Elementary Surveying. 7th edition. SI adaptation
3. T. J. M kennie & G. Petrie; Engineering Surveying Technology.
4. Raymond E. Davis, Francis S. Foote, James M. Anderson, Edward M. Mikhail, (1997).
Surveying Theory and Practice. Land Surveyors Pubns
5. Journal of Surveying Engineering
ECE 2203 FLUID MECHANICS I

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the fundamentals of fluid pressure measurement,fluid statics and
the dynamics of fluid flow
Objectives
(i) Describe and apply the theory of fluid statics
(ii) Describe and apply the measurement of fluid
(iii) Explain the mathematical background of buoyancy, kinetics of flow and dynamics of
fluid flow
(iv) Carry out dimensional analysis relevant to fluid mechanics
Course Content
Introduction to fluid mechanics: fluid properties, dimensions and units. Pressure
gauges and manometers. Fluid statics: hydrostatic forces and centre of pressure on
plane and curved surfaces. Buoyancy: Stability of submerged and floating bodies.
Kinetics of flow: types fluid flow, continuity equation, velocity and acceleration, vorticity
and introduction to vortex flow. Dynamics of fluid flow: equation of motion. Bernoulli's
equation.
1. Whiteboard
42
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Bansal R. K A (1992) Textbook of Fluid Mechanics And Hydraulic Machines Laxmi
Publications
2. Rajput R. K., (2008), A text book of fluid mechanics, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
References
1. Anderson J.D. (1995) Computational Fluid Dynamics McGraw Hil
2. Munson B.R., Young D.F. & Okiishi T.H. (1998) Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics
John Wiley and Sons
3. T Versteeg H.K, Malalasekera W. An introduction to Computational Fluid 3rd Ed
Dynamics,
4. David C. Wiggert, Merle Potter, (2007). Outline of Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill
5. Andrew Chadwick, John Morfett, Martin Borthwick, (2004) Hydraulics in Civil and
Environmental Engineering(Paperback), 4th Edition, Taylor & Francis
6. J. K. Douglas, (2001), Solving Problems in Fluid Mechanics, Prentice Hall
ECE 2204 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS I

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the fundamentals of solid mechanics and the relevant
computations
Learning Outcomes
(i) Describe and apply the concept of stress and strain and Hooke’s Law
(ii) Develop mathematical relations that explain the mechanical behavior of materials
(iii) Develop relations for the plane analysis of materials for stress
(iv) Represent stress and strain on Mohr’s circle
(v) Describe the mechanical properties of sections
(vi) Describe bending and shear stresses
43
Course Content
Introduction to the concept of stress and strain at a point: principal stresses and Mohr circle
of stresses, volumetric stress, axial stress and strain, Hooke's Law, Moduli of Elasticity and
rigidity, Poisson's Ratio. Properties of sections. Bending and shear stresses. Tensile and
Compressive tests.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. E. J. Hearn, (1997), Mechanics of Materials 1: An introduction to the mechanics of
elastic and plastic deformation of solids and structural materials, Third Edition,
Butterworth‐Heinemann
2. Ward J. P., (1992), Solid mechanics: An introduction, Kluwer Academic Publishers
References
1. Hertzberg R. W., (1989), Deformation and fracture mechanics of Engineering
materials, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons
2. Hall I. H., (1968) Deformation of solids, Thomas nelson & Sons
3. Das M. M., Das B. M., Saikia M. D., (2010), Basic Engineering Mechanics and Strength
of Materials, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
4. Prakash D. S., (2004), Strength of Materials, Vol 1, Universities Press
44
ECE 2205 THEORY OF STRUCTURES I
Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the fundamentals of structural analysis of structurally determinate
forms and the diagrammatic representation of structural analysis
Learning Outcomes
(i) Analyse statically determinate structures under static loading for support reactions,
shear force, axial force and bending moments
(ii) Draw and analyse free body diagrams
(iii) Draw the deflected shape of a structure under given load conditions
(iv) Carry out analysis of determinate trusses
Course Content
Statics: systems, resultants and equilibrium of forces. Structural forms and their
identification. Free body diagrams. Bending structures: Shear force and bending
moments diagrams for simply supported beams. Determinate frames: Shear force,
bending moments, thrust force diagrams and deflected shapes. Analysis of determinate
trusses.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books
45
1. Shaeffer R. E., (2006), Elementary structures for architects and builders, 5th Edition,
Prentice Hall
2. Merchant W., Bolton A. T., (1956), An introduction to the theory of structures, Blackie
References
1. Nautiyal B. D., (2001), Introduction to structural analysis, New Age International
Publishers Limited
2. Williams A., (2008), Structural analysis: In theory and practice, Butterworth‐
Heinemann
3. Das M. M., Das B. M., Saikia M. D., (2011), Structural analysis, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
4. Leet, Gilbert A., (2011), Fundamentals of structural analysis, 4th Edition, McGraw‐Hill
Higher Education
5. Timoshenko S. P., Young D. H., (1945), Theory of structures, 2nd Edition, McGraw‐Hill
ECE 2206 CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS I

Course Purpose
To impart the learner with knowledge on the relevant properties of the various components
of structural concrete
Objectives
(i) Describe the manufacture and properties of inorganic cements
(ii) Identify types and properties of natural and artificial aggregates
(iii) Describe the composition and properties of concrete
(iv) Design concrete mixes for various uses
(v) Identify types and properties of materials used for masonry
(vi) Carry out quality control tests in cement, concrete, masonry and mortar
Course Content
Properties of plain concrete, cements and aggregates. Soundness and compressive
strength of cement. Moisture in aggregates. Sieve analysis, Specific gravity, and Water
absorption in aggregates. Batching. Mixing. Transporting, placing and compacting of
concrete. Behavior of concrete. Mix design. Consistency and low of concrete.
Compressive, flexural and tensile strength of concrete. Moduli of elasticity and Poisson's
ratio. Quality control tests of concrete. Masonry: building stone, blocks and brick types;
properties, uses, deterioration, design. Mixes and properties of mortar. Quality control
tests in masonry and mortars.
46
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. A.M. Neville (1993) Properties of Concrete, Fourth and Final Edition John Wiley
and Sons
2. Gambhir M.L., (2004), Concrete technology, Third Edition,Tata McGraw-Hill

Education
References
1. P. Kumar Mehta and P. J. M. Monteiro (1993) Concrete: Microstructure,
Properties and Materials, 2nd Edition McGraw.Hill
2. L.J Murdock and K.M. Brook, (1979), Concrete materials and practice 5th
Edition, Edward Arnold
3. Somayaji S., (2001), Civil engineering materials, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall
4. Mamlouk M. S., Zaniewski J. P., (2010), Materials for civil and construction
engineers, 3rd Edition, Pearson Education
ECE 2207 ENGINEERING DRAWING III

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with practical knowledge on drawing, detailing and presentation of
timber and steel structures and civil engineering drawings
Objectives
(i) Develop and detail structural drawings for timber structures and connections
47
(ii) Draw and detail steel structures and connections
(iii) Develop Civil Engineering design presentation for roads and road structures
(iv) Develop drawings for water supply and waste water disposal
Course Content
Detailing of timber structures and connections. Detailing of steel structures, roof trusses,
stanchions and connections. Civil engineering design presentation: roads, cross-sections,
longitudinal profiles, kerb details, gully-pots and road drainage structures. Water supply
and waste water disposal: pipeline profile, pipe network details, fitting details, connections
and intake works.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2114 Engineering Drawing II
Required Text Books

Design
McGraw-Hill
References
Learning
5. Singh G., (2005), Civil engineering drawing, Standard Publishers Distributors
48
SMA 2271 ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Course Purpose
To provide the student with an understanding of first and second order ordinary differential
equations including power series solutions and their applications
Objectives
1. Solve first and second order ordinary differential equations using various methods.
2. Solve power series including Bessel and Legendre functions.
3. Apply ordinary differential equations in dynamics, catenaries, circuits and wave motion.
4. Demonstrate a good understanding of sets, subsets and Boolean algebra, including
their applications.
Course Content
First order differential equations: solution by separation of variables, homogeneous, exact
and integrating factor. Second order linear equations:homogeneous with constant and
variable coefficients using inverse differential operators, variation of parameters and
Laplace transform methods of solution. Systems of linear differential equations.
Applications such as dynamics, catenaries, circuits and wave motion. Power series
solutions including Bessel and Legendre functions. Sets: elements, specification, finite and
infinite, universal, empty and disjoint. Subsets. Venn diagram: union, intersection,
complement, difference, number of elements and logical arguments. Boolean algebra: truth
values, logical equivalence, truth tables, NOT, OR and AND operators, and their
application to electric circuits.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
49
Prerequisites: SMA 2270 Calculus III
Required Text Books
1. Derrick, R.W., (1997). Elementary Differential Equations, 4th edition, Addison-
Wesley, New York, USA.
2. Matthei, R.M.M., (1996). Ordinary Differential Equations in Theory and Practice,

John Wiley and Sons, New York, USA.
References
1. Cox, W., (1996). Ordinary Differential Equations, Oxford University Press, USA.
2. Fox, F and Mayers, D.F., (1987). Numerical Solution of Ordinary Differential

Equations, Chapman and Hall, New York, USA.
SMA 2272 STATISTICS

Course Purpose
To impart the students with knowledge on the principles and applications of statistical
analysis
Objectives
(i) Describe various statistical distributions
(ii) Collect samples in studying populations
(iii) Apply probability in everyday sampling
(iv) Apply statistical knowledge in solving problems in situations such as quality control
and data analysis
Course Content
Introduction to probability and statistics. Theory of errors. Conditional probability. Discrete
and continuous random variables. Distribution functions including Binomial, Poisson,
Normal Gamma, Chi-squared, Student's T and F distributions. Descriptive statistics.
Samples, populations, central limit theorem. Inferential statistics including confidence,
limits, test of hypothesis, least squares, goodness of fit and linear regression.
50
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: SMA 2170 Algebra

Required Text Books
1. Ruth Bernstein and Stephen Bernstein, (1999). Schaum's Outline of Elements of
Statistics II: Inferential Statistics. McGraw-Hill.
2. Bernard Ostle and Linda C. Malone, (1963). Statistics in Research, Basic
Concepts and Techniques for Research Workers by, Iowa State University
Press, Ames, Iowa, USA
References
1. Murray R Spiegel, (1999). Schaum's Mathematical Handbook of Formulas and
Tables, McGraw-Hill, United States.
2. Allan J. Rossman, Beth L. Chance, and Barr J. von Oehsen, (1997). Workshop
Statistics: Discovery with Data and the Graphing Calculator.
3. Thomas S. Ferguson, (1967). Mathematical Statistics: A Decision Theoretic

Approach by. New York/London. Academic press
ECE 2211 SURVEYING II

Course Purpose
Provide students with a good understanding of angular measurements and adjustment
techniques and equipments
Objectives
(i) Demonstrate knowledge of the various equipments available for angular and linear
observations.
(ii) Demonstrate a good understanding of the sources of errors, computations and
51
adjustments of linear and angular observations.
(iii) Carry out horizontal and vertical angular measurements by theodolite
(iv) Describe and apply the various methods of point fixation
(v) Describe and apply the principles of tacheometry
(vi) Carry out proper booking of survey data
Course Content Angular measurements by Theodolite: horizontal and vertical angles,

errors and accuracies. Methods of point fixation: design, order, observations,
computations, errors and accuracies of traverses triangulation, trilateration, trigonometric
levelling, intersection, resection and combination of methods. Tacheometry: principles of
optical distance measurements, stadia method, field procedures and booking. Differences
in heights, instruments, reductions, plane table surveying. Field work.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2202 Surveying I
Required Text Books

1. Kavanagh B. F, (2009). Surveying with Construction Applications. Prentice Hall. 7
edition
2. Kavanagh B. F., (2008). Surveying: Principles and Applications. Prentice Hall. 8th
edition
References
1. Ramsay J. P. Wilson, (1983). Land Surveying. Trans-Atlantic Pubns; 3rd Revised
edition
2. Russell C., (1987). Elementary Surveying. 7th edition. SI adaptation
3. T. J. M kennie & G. Petrie; Engineering Surveying Technology.
52
4. Raymond E. Davis, Francis S. Foote, James M. Anderson, Edward M. Mikhail, (1997).
Surveying Theory and Practice. Land Surveyors Pubns
5. Journal of Surveying Engineering
ECE 2212 FLUID MECHANICS II

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the practical applications of Bernoulli’s Equation, momentum
equation and the boundary layer theory to open channel and pipe flow of fluids
Objectives
(i) Derive and apply Bernoulli’s equation
(ii) Derive and apply the Momentum equation
(iii) Solve problems in the following topics: Orifices and mouth pieces, time to empty
tanks, viscous flow, boundary layer theory, pipe networks, water hammer and surge
tanks
(iv) Derive and apply empirical equations for frictional head losses, and loss of energy in
pipes
Course Content
Practical application of Bernoulli's equation. Momentum equation and its application.

Orifices and mouthpieces. time to empty tanks. Viscous flow: Laminar and turbulent flow,
Moody's resistance diagram, introduction to boundary layer theory,
empirical equations for frictional head losses, and loss of energy in pipes. Pipes networks.
Water hammer and surge tanks.
4. Whiteboard
6. Handouts
Course assessment
53
Prerequisites: ECE 2203 Fluid Mechanics I
Required Text Books

3. Bansal R. K A (1992) Textbook of Fluid Mechanics And Hydraulic Machines Laxmi
Publications
4. Rajput R. K., (2008), A text book of fluid mechanics, S. Chand & Co. Ltd.
References
7. Anderson J.D. (1995) Computational Fluid Dynamics McGraw Hil
8. Munson B.R., Young D.F. & Okiishi T.H. (1998) Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics
John Wiley and Sons
9. T Versteeg H.K, Malalasekera W. An introduction to Computational Fluid 3rd Ed
Dynamics,
10. David C. Wiggert, Merle Potter, (2007). Outline of Fluid Mechanics, McGraw-Hill
11. Andrew Chadwick, John Morfett, Martin Borthwick, (2004) Hydraulics in Civil and
Environmental Engineering(Paperback), 4th Edition, Taylor & Francis
12. J. K. Douglas, (2001), Solving Problems in Fluid Mechanics, Prentice Hall
ECE 2213 CIVIL ENGINEERING MATERIALS II

Course Purpose
To provide the learner with a good understanding of the engineering properties and
applications of timber, steel, polymers and plastics
Objectives
(i) Describe the nature and properties of wood, timber seasoning, timber grading and
defects
(ii) Explain timber strength properties, durability and preservation, fire resistance
(iii) Explain the methods of manufacture for structural steel, types, uses, methods of
working, defects and fatigue
(iv) Describe polymers and plastics and their engineering properties
Course Content
Timber: nature and properties of wood, seasoning and effect of moisture, defects, testing,
grading. Basic and allowable stresses, durability and preservations, uses, fire resistance.
54
Steel: methods of manufacture, types, properties, uses, methods of working, heat
treatment, welding, defects and fatigue. Introduction to Polymers and Plastics: types,
properties and deteriorations.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2206
Required Text Books

1. Somayaji S., (2001), Civil engineering materials, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall
References
1. Kohler J., (2007), Reliability of timber structures, vdf Hochschulverlag AG
2. Salmon C. G., Johnson J. E., (1980), Steel structures: Design and behavior, 2nd
Edition, Harper & Row
3. Llewellyn D.T., Hudd R. C., (1998), Steels, Metallurgy and applications,

Butterworth-Heinemann
4. Kasal B., Tannert T., (2010), In situ assessment of structural timber, Springer
ECE 2214 STRENGTH OF MATERIALS II

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the fundamentals of solid mechanics in composite sections,
retaining walls, structural elements and the relevant computations
55
Objectives
(i) Describe and compute bending and axial stresses in composite sections
(ii) Explain and analyze the stability of retaining walls
(iii) Describe torsion of prismatic and circular bars and carry out torsion tests
(iv) Solve problems in the following topics: elastic buckling of struts, empirical column
equations
(v) Explain the theories of failure
(vi) Explain the performance of composite materials
Course Content
Bending stresses in composite sections. Combined bending and axial stresses. Stability
of retaining walls. Torsion of Prismatic and circular bars. Elastic buckling of struts: Euler
load and stress. Introduction to empirical column equations - Southwell Plot, Perry
Robertson formula. Theories of failure. Torsion test. Performance of composite materials.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2204 Strength of Materials I
Required Text Books

1. E. J. Hearn, (1997), Mechanics of Materials 1: An introduction to the mechanics of
elastic and plastic deformation of solids and structural materials, Third Edition,
Butterworth‐Heinemann
2. Ward J. P., (1992), Solid mechanics: An introduction, Kluwer Academic Publishers
56
References
1. Hertzberg R. W., (1989), Deformation and fracture mechanics of Engineering
materials, Third Edition, John Wiley & Sons
2. Hall I. H., (1968) Deformation of solids, Thomas nelson & Sons
3. Das M. M., Das B. M., Saikia M. D., (2010), Basic Engineering Mechanics and Strength
of Materials, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
4. Prakash D. S., (2004), Strength of Materials, Vol 1, Universities Press
ECE 2215 THEORY OF STRUCTURES II

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with the fundamentals of structural analysis of cables, arches, beams
and trusses
Objectives
(i) Analyze cables and determinate structures
(ii) Draw influence line diagrams for determinate structures
(iii) Determine elastic deformations for determinate beams and trusses
Course Content
Introduction to cables, determinate arches systems, types and methods of analysis.
Influence line diagrams for determinate beams, trusses and arches. Determination of
Elastic deformations for determinate beams and trusses.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2205 Theory of Structures I
57
Required Text Books
1. Punmia B. C., Jain A. K., (2004), SMTS‐II Theory of Structures, 12th Edition, Firewall
Media
2. Reddy, (2001), Basic Structure Analysis, Tata McGraw‐HIll
References
1. Jay B. E., (1966), Beam and frame analysis: an introduction to flexibility influence

coefficients, Edward Arnold
2. Nautiyal B. D., (2001), Introduction to structural analysis, New Age International
Publishers Limited
3. Williams A., (2008), Structural analysis: In theory and practice, Butterworth‐
Heinemann
4. Das M. M., Das B. M., Saikia M. D., (2011), Structural analysis, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
5. Leet, Gilbert A., (2011), Fundamentals of structural analysis, 4th Edition, McGraw‐Hill
Higher Education
6. Timoshenko S. P., Young D. H., (1945), Theory of structures, 2nd Edition, McGraw‐Hill
ECE 2216 ENGINEERING DRAWING IV

Course Purpose
To familiarize the learner with the process of production of architectural drawings and
reinforced concrete structural drawings and Computer-Aided Design software
Objectives
(i) Produce complete architectural and structural drawing for a simple residential
house, trace and reproduce blueprints
(ii) Apply Computer Aided Design in design and drafting
Course Content
Architectural drawings for a simple residential house: block
plans, floor plans, elevations, cross-sections symbols and details of fixings. Reinforced
concrete drawings for:slabs, beams, columns, stairs and footings. Tracing and
reproduction of blue-prints.
58
Introduction to the use of computers in design and drafting:
CAD, such as Auto-CAD, Auto-Civil, Auto-Staad and Geographic Information System
(G.I.S.).
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2207 Engineering Drawing III
Required Text Books

Design
McGraw-Hill
References
Learning
5. Singh G., (2005), Civil engineering drawing, Standard Publishers Distributors
6. Siddiquee A. N., Khan Z. A., Ahmad M., (2004), Engineering Drawing With A Primer
On Autocad, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd
ECE 2217++ PRACTICAL ATTACHMENT I

Course Purpose
Practical attachment is intended to impart the students with a broad range of skills in
59
various building services in preparation for external attachment
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this unit, the students should be able to:
(i) Interpret and implement drawings for simple domestic electrical wiring
(ii) Independently undertake surveying projects in establishment of horizontal and
vertical control, detail surveying and contouring.
(iii) Carry out simple metalwork including gas and arc welding
(iv) Interpret and implement basic plumbing drawings
(v) Appreciate the place of timberwork in construction
(vi) Independently carry out and supervise masonry work and reinforced concrete work
(vii) Apply the basics of Computer Aided Design
Course Description
The student will undertake internal practical attachment at the University through a number
of sections organized to cover surveying, Computer Aided Design and the place of various
building services
The method of instruction will be practical classes, and any other presentations /
demonstrations the lecturer will deem fit towards enhancing understanding practical
surveying.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
4. Various building materials and equipment
Course assessment
During the period of study, assessment will be conducted by practical assignments in
groups or individual. Individuals/ groups will be required to submit reports of all practical
exercises done
Required Text Books

1. Davis, R. E., Foote, F. S., Anderson J.M., and Mikhail, E. M. (1998). Surveying
Theory and Practice.
References
1. Wright P. & Trent E. M. Metal cutting Butterworths
60
3. V N Mittle, Arvind Mittal, (2005), Basic electrical engineering, Second Edition,
Tata McGraw-Hill Education.
4. Fleming E., (2009), Construction Technology: An Illustrated Introduction, John

Wiley & Sons
5. Massey H. C., (1994), Basic plumbing with illustrations, Craftsman Book Co
6. Shumaker T. M., Madsen D. A., (2006), Autocad and its applications,13th Edition,
Goodheart-Willcox Pub
61
THIRD YEAR
SMA 2370 CALCULUS IV
Course purpose / Aims
Provide students with a detailed treatment of advanced topics in calculus such as partial
differentiation, Tylor's theorem, Fourier series and various advanced theorems.
Learning outcomes
At the end of the course the student should be able to:
(i) Define and apply Fourier series and Fourier transform;
(ii) Define and state properties of Laplace transform and its inverse;
(iii) Compute limits and partial derivatives of functions of several variables;
(iv) Expand functions in Taylor’s series;
(v) Apply change of variables in solving problems;
(vi) Perform operations in vector analysis and use associated line, surface and volume
integrals.
Course description
Functions of several variables: partial differentiation including gradient, divergence and curl
operators, change of variable including spherical and cylindrical polar coordinates, Taylor's
theorem, stationary points, langrage multipliers, and tangent plane. Integral calculus:
improper integrals and their convergence, Fourier series, mean value theorem, mean value
and route mean square of an integral function, double and triple integrals, Jacobian and
change of variables, line and surface integrals, Stokes, Greens and divergence theorems,
and applications to potential theory such as gravitational attraction, electrostatics and fluid
dynamics.
Teaching methods
1. Lecturing
2. Tutorials
Instruction materials
1. white-board
3. Handouts
Course assessment
 Written examinations shall constitute 70%
 CATs and assignments shall constitute the remaining 30%
Recommended literature
2. Robert Elis and Denny Gullich, (1994) Calculus with analytic geometry, 5th Edition
Further reading
62
1. Stanley I. Grossman, (1992). Calculus, Fortworth
2. Frank Eyres, (1992). schaum's outline of theory and problems of differential and
intergral calculus. 3Rd Revision. McGraw Hill
3. Watson Fulks , (1978). Calculus. John Willey
63
ECE 2302 ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
Equip student with a detailed knowledge in earth’s geology, minerals and movements
such as faults, earthquakes etc., and the capability of interpreting various types of maps
Learning outcomes
(i) Describe the composition and the evolutionary processes of rock types;
(ii) Read and interpret geological features in maps;
(iii) Explain the engineering behaviour of rock types found in Kenya and their
constructional applications;
(iv) Describe the various forms of earth movements;
(v) Describe various forms of site investigations
Course description
Introduction to geology and its relevance to civil engineering. Mineralogy: composition,
properties and nature of minerals. Petrology: nature and types of rocks. Structural
geology: folds, faults and joints. Weathering: types and factors affecting weathering. Site
investigations: objectives and methods of site investigations. Quarrying: composition,
methods of quarrying and safety precautions. Engineering seismology: effects of
earthquakes. Geological maps: outcrops, strike lines, angles of dip. Site investigation:
ground investigation, laboratory investigation, sample and sampling. Quarrying: surface
and underground excavation, rock reinforcing. Geological maps: map interpretation, field
mapping. Laboratory work.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 Practical exercises
 white-board
 LCD/Overhead Projector
 Handouts
Course assessment
 CATs, practical’s and assignments shall constitute the remaining 30%
1. C. Gribble, A. McLean. (1985). Geology for Civil Engineers
64
Further reading
1. Luis Gonzalez de Vallejo &MercedeFerrer. (2011). Geological Engineering
2. Tony Waltham. Foundations of Engineering Geology (Paperback). Taylor & Francis;
3 edition. 17 April 2009
65
ECE 2303 SOIL MECHANICS I

Provide students with detailed knowledge of soil right from its origin and composition,
structure and properties, tests and flow of water in soils.
Learning outcomes
(i) describe the composition, basic characteristics and classification of various soils;
(ii) determine stresses in soil layers and carry out simple stress-strain analysis;
(iii) construct flow nets and apply Darcy’s law in simple cases;
(iv) explain the principle of consolidation and solve simple consolidation problems;
(v) Conduct tests in relation to above mentioned points.
Course description
Origin and composition of soils.Soil structure.Physical and mechanical properties of
soil.Soil classification:classification tests; sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, atterberg
limits. Compaction of soil. Permeability: flow of water in soils, Darcy's law of flow.
Seepage: capillarity, flow nets seepage forces and piping. Effective stress and stress
distribution in soils. Laboratory work.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. R.F. Craig. Craig's Soil Mechanics. Taylor & Francis; 7 edition. 2004
2. G.E. Barnes, Consultant, W. S. Atkins. Soil Mechanics Principles and Practice 2nd
edition. Palgrave Macmillan. 2000
Further reading
1. Ian Smith. Elements of Soil Mechanics. Wiley-Blackwell; 8th Edition edition. 2006
2. Vollmer, Ernst. Encyclopaedia of hydraulics, soil and foundation engineering.
66
Amsterdam, New York, Elsevier Pub Co. 1967
67
ECE 2304 HYDRAULICS I
Introduce students to open flow channels, hydraulic structures, the flow types and the
flow measurement devices and their design calculations.
Learning outcomes
(i) describe the types of open channel flow;
(ii) analyse flow problems and determine dimensions of channels;
(iii) calculate problems for rapidly varied flow conditions and their applications;
(iv) explain the design aspects of flow measurement structures
(v) Understand the different types of hydraulic channels
(vi) Perform dimensional and model analysis
Course description
Flow in open channels: Classification, steady and unsteady, Steady uniform: Empirical
formulae for discharge, economic sections. Steady non-uniform: specific energy, critical
flow and its application in flow measurement; critical flow measurement devices
(structures), design and installation. Momentum concept: specific force function, flow
force, hydraulic jump and its applications. Gradually varied flow: surface profiles and
types.Method of profile analysis. Unsteady non-uniform: basic practical examples. Rapidly
varied flow: wave surges in gate opening/closing. Hydraulic structures: notches, weirs,
spillways; culverts. Dimensional and model analysis
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Chow, V. T. Open Channel Hydraulics. McGraw-Hill Book Company. 2001
Further reading
68
1. J. Peterka. Hydraulic Design of Stilling Basins and Energy Dissipators. Department
of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado. 2005
2. Rouse, Hunter. Hydraulics, mechanics of fluids, engineering. New York, Dover
Publications. 1971
4. Russell, George E. (George Edmond). Hydraulics 5th Edition. New York, H. Holt and
Company.1942
69
ECE 2305 PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to public health engineering and its relationship to the engineering
science, water supply and the design of water treatment units
Learning outcomes
(i) define the different aspects of Public Health Engineering (PHE);
(ii) define the relation between PHE and environmental engineering;
(iii) identify the major characteristics of water and wastewater;
(iv) explain the effects of the biological and chemical agents on the water quality;
(v) Design of water treatment units;
(vi) identify and quantify life heterotrophic bacteria in water experimentally;
Course description
Introduction to Public Health Engineering, scope, relationship to various basic and
engineering science. Water supply: sources of water and sanitary, chemistry, conveyance,
pollutants treatment, storage, distribution. Design of water treatment units.
Jar test, acidity test, alkalinity test, hardness test, colour, turbidity, and pH and chlorine test.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Linsley, R. K., and Franzini, J. B 4TH Ed. Water Resources Engineering. McGraw-
Hill Book Company. 1992
2. Sharad K. Water Resources Engineering 4e. Tata Mcgraw Hill
Further reading
1. Jain, Sharad K., Agarwal, Pushpendra K., Singh, Vijay P. Hydrology and Water
Resources of India, Series: Water Science and Technology Library
70
ECE 2306 SURVEYING III
Equip students with detailed surveying computational methods; of areas and volumes
for production of mass haul diagrams, of applications on adjustments of observations
and the design of curves.
Learning outcomes
(i) Understand and relate the methods of computation of areas and volume;
(ii) Understand how to construct mass haul diagram and its applications;
(iii) Adjustment and application of survey computation;
(iv) Compute and set out both horizontal and vertical curves.
Course description
Computations methods of areas: regular and irregular shapes, planimeter, Trapezoidal
and Simpsons methods, accuracies. Computation of volumes: Trapezoidal, mid-area
methods, accuracy. Mass haul diagram: construction, properties, applications.
Applications on adjustment of observations: repeated measurements, levelling networks,
triangulation networks. Curves: design computations and setting out of horizontal (simple,
compound and transition) and vertical curves. Field work.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. J. Uren. Surveying for Engineers(Paperback) 4th edition. Palgrave Macmillan; 4th
Revised edition edition. 1999
Further reading
1. J. Uren. Surveying for Engineers. Palgrave Macmillan; 4th Revised edition edition.
1994
71
72
ECE 2307 THEORY OF STRUCTURES III
Equip students with different methods of analysis for statically indeterminate structures.
Learning outcomes
(i) analyze statically indeterminate structures under static loading for support reactions,
shear force, axial force and bending moment;
(ii) draw the deflected shape of the structure under the given loading,
Course description
Statically indeterminate structures: analysis by slope deflection, moment distribution.
Three moment theorem. Indeterminate arches. Influence lines for indeterminate
structures. Analysis of statically indeterminate structures by method of consistent
deformations.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Khurmi, R S. Theory of Structures. S. Chand Group
2. Derek Seward. Understanding Structures,Analysis, Materials, Design 4th edition.
Palgrave,Macmillan. 2001
Further reading
1. Ray Hulse and Jack Cain. Structural Mechanics. PalgraveMacmillan. 1989
2. Charles M Spofford, Book Company McGraw. The Theory of Structures. BiblioLife.
73
ECE 2308 TRANSPORTATION PLANNING DEVELOPMENT
Introduce the students to highway and transportation planning, evolution of the
transportation system, its financing and planning for its facilities.
Learning outcomes
(i) Understand the evolution of transportation systems;
(ii) identify the modes of transportation and explain their interaction in the transportation
system;
(iii) carry out the process of locating a highway between any two termini;
(iv) discuss the causes of road accidents and their remedies;
(v) Describe the methods of highway economic appraisal.
Course description
Introduction to highway and transportation planning: Classification of transportation
facilities, route location. The evolution of transportation system: the railroads, mass
transportation, highways and aviation. Regulations, financing, and planning of
transportation facilities.Road safety.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. C.A. O'Flaherty. Highways vol 1: highway engineering 4TH ed. Butternut heineman.
2002
2. C.A. O'Flaherty. Transport planning and traffic. Butternut heineman. 1990
Further reading
1. Francis Gichaga and Parker. Highway engineering essentials.
2. Arthur Horace Blanchard. Elements of highway engineering. Butternut heineman.
74
1996
3. Martin Rodgers. highway engineering. Black well. 2003
4. Taylor frueus. The Handbook of highway engineers. 2006
5. Lavin p. Asphalt paneues. Spon press. 2003
6. Nicholls c. Asphalt –Surfacing. Routtedge. 1998
.
75
ECE 2371 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Equip students with various applications of PDE in solving engineering problems.
Learning outcomes
(i) apply numerical techniques in the solution of ordinary differential equations and
general partial differential equations (PDE);
(ii) compute second order ordinary differential equations using power series;
(iii) solve partial differential equations using Cartesian coordinates;
(iv) apply differential equations in solving engineering problems;
(v) Solve partial differential equation using polar, cylindrical and spherical co-ordinates.
Course description
Surfaces and curves in three dimensions. Simultaneous differential equations of the first
order. Methods of solution of dx/ =dy/Q
=dz/R. Orthogonal trajectories of systems of curves on a surface.Linear partial differential
equations of the first order. Partial differential equations of the second order: Laplace,
Poisson, heart and wave equations, methods of solution by separation of the variables for
Cartesian, spherical polar and cylindrical polar coordinates, and by Laplace and Fourier
transform. Applications to engineering.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. JOHN, F. Partial Differential Equations. New York: Springer 1982
2. JOST, J.: Partial Differential Equations. New York: Springer 2002.
Further reading
1. EVANS, L.C. Partial Differential Equations. Providence. American Mathematical
76
Society 1998
2. FOLLAND, G.H. Introduction to Partial Differential Equations. Princeton University
Press. 1995
3. HELLWIG, G. Partial Differential Equations. New York: Blaisdell 1964
4. KRZYZ˙AN´ SKI,M. Partial Differential Equations of Second Order. 2 Vols.
Warszawa: PolishScientific Publishers 1971
5. CANNON, J.R. The One-Dimensional Heat Equation. Reading: Addison-Wesley
1984
6. FRIEDMAN, A. Partial Differential Equations of Parabolic Type. Englewood Cliffs:
Prentice Hall 1964
7. WIDDER, D.V. The Heat Equation. New York: Academic Press 1975
8. GILBARG, D., and TRUDINGER, N.S. Elliptic Partial Differential Equations of
Second Order. Berlin: Springer. 1983
77
ECE 2311 SOIL MECHANICS II
Provide students with detailed knowledge of soil pertaining; its behavior in drained and
undrained conditions, mode of failure, stability of slopes with different soil types, shear
strength and its stabilization
Learning outcomes
(i) explain the behaviour of drained and undrained soil under different loading
conditions;
(ii) perform calculations on retaining walls, sheet pile walls and foundations;
(iii) compute the stability of slopes and earth dams;
(iv) To conduct laboratory and in situ tests to determine the strength parameters of soil.
Course description
Shear strength: principal planes and stresses, Mohr's circle. Mohr-Coulomb's failure
theory. Stability of slopes: stress and stability analysis. Soil stabilization. Site
investigations: reconnaissance, sampling, field test. Shear strength: direct shear and
triaxial shear strength tests, Soil stabilization: mechanical and chemical.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. R.F. Craig. Craig's Soil Mechanics. Taylor & Francis; 7 edition. 2004
2. G.E. Barnes, Consultant, W. S. Atkins. Soil Mechanics Principles and Practice 2nd
edition. Palgrave Macmillan. 2000
Further reading
1. Ian Smith. Elements of Soil Mechanics. Wiley-Blackwell; 8th Edition edition. 2006
78
79
ECE 2312 HYDRAULICS II
Equip students with knowledge on hydraulic machinery types and their mode of
operation and the elements of coastal engineering
Learning outcomes
(i) identify, describe and understand the theoretical background of pumps and turbines;
(ii) Select the required type and size of one or more pumps in a pipe line system.
(iii) Derive the basic equation of wave motion
(iv) Understand the hydraulics in coastal development and conservation.
Course description
Hydraulic machinery: Types. Pumps and turbines: types, basic design principles, and
performance characteristics. Basic equation of wave motion, small amplitude wave theory
and wave transformations. Coastal engineering: hydraulics in coastal development and
conservation.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment

1. J. Peterka. Hydraulic Design of Stilling Basins and Energy Dissipators. Department
of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colorado. 2005
2. Rouse, Hunter. Hydraulics, mechanics of fluids, engineering. New York, Dover
Publications. 1971
Further reading
1. Hydraulics in civil engineering. London ; Boston : Allen &Unwin. 1986
80
81
ECE 2313 PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING II
Enable students identify various sources of water and waste water and their
characteristics, treatment and disposal of waste water and the communicable diseases
transmitted by water.
Learning outcomes
(i) The sources of waste water and their major characteristics;
(ii) explain the effects of the biological and chemical agents waste water;
(iii) understand the various methods of waste water collection, conveyance and
treatment;
(iv) identify and quantify life heterotrophic bacteria in water experimentally;
(v) List water related diseases and explain the types and modes of transmission of
these diseases.
Course description
Introduction to waste water, sources of waste water, elementary microbiology; growth
kinetics, microbiology processes. Waste characteristics: physiological, chemical, biological
characteristics, bacteriological examination, oxygen demand and kinematics of
Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal. Waste water collection and conveyance,
waste water treatment: preliminary, primary, secondary; oxidation ponds, trickling filters,
activated sewage. Disposal of sewage, communicable diseases.BOD, Chemical Oxygen
Demand (COD), Total Oxygen Content (TOC), Solids, Bacteriological examination,
Nitrates, and Ammonia Tests.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
82
1. Linsley, R. K., and Franzini, J. B 4TH Ed. Water Resources Engineering. McGraw-
Hill Book Company. 1992
2. Sharad K. Water Resources Engineering 4e. Tata Mcgraw Hill
3. Terence J McGhee. Water supply and sewerage 6TH Ed. McGraw-Hill
4. Warren ViessmanJr and mark j.hammer. Water supply and pollution control. Libray
of congress catalogue in publication data
Further reading
Resources of India, Series: Water Science and Technology Library
83
ECE 2314 SURVEYING IV
Enable students appreciate the importance of photography in civil engineering
application.
Learning outcomes
(i) Explain aerial photography and its application in civil engineering
(ii) Understand the methods of photo interpretation and its applications in engineering
(iii) state the concepts of remote sensing and Geographical Information Systems as
applied to Civil and Structural Engineering;
Course description
Aerial photography: aerial cameras, scale of photography, stereoscopy, heights from
photographs, parallax bar, flight planning, applications. Photo interpretation: principles,
image properties, applications. Introduction of remote sensing, hydrographic surveying
and underground surveying.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. J. Uren. Surveying for Engineers(Paperback) 4th edition. Palgrave Macmillan; 4th
Revised edition edition. 1999
Further reading
1. J. Uren. Surveying for Engineers. Palgrave Macmillan; 4th Revised edition edition.
1994
84
ECE 2315 ECONOMICS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS
Enable students appreciate the economic aspects of civil engineering which normally
involves; the organization of the construction firms, their marketing strategies, their
investment methods and etc.
Learning outcomes
1. Explain the general theory of economics;
2. Explain how economics affects factors of production;
3. Explain how the fiscal and monetary policies affect the manufacturing industry.
Course description
Nature and scope of economics.Economic resources and their uses. Industry: definition,
location, sectors of construction industry. Organization in construction industry.
Production: firm analysis, planning, input/output analysis. Finance: sources, money and
banking stock market. Marketing: principles and practices, problems, advertising and
sales promotion. Investment: types and appraisal methods. Feasibility and studies:
components, preparation and presentation.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. TahirHussain. Engineering Economics. Laxmi Publications, Ltd., 2010
2. José A. Sepúlveda, William E. Souder, Byron S. Gottfried. Schaum's outline of
theory and problems of engineering economics. McGraw-Hill Professional, 1984
Further reading
1. TR Jain, ML Grover, Dr. VK Ohri, Dr. OP Khanna. Economics for Engineers. V.K
(India) Enterprises. 2006-07
85
2. John A. White , Kenneth E. Case , David B. Pratt. Principles of Engineering
Economic Analysis, 5th Edition. February 2009, ©2010
86
ECE 2317 THEORY OF STRUCTURES IV
Provide further knowledge of structural analysis to students as pertains to analysis of
statically determinate and indeterminate structures.
Learning outcomes
1. analyse statically determinate structures under static loading for support reactions,
2. analyse statically indeterminate structures under static loading for support reactions,
3. draw the deflected shape of the structure under the given loading,
Course description
Energy principles: strain energy theorem. Least work method. Application of energy
principles to structural analysis: Analysis of statically determinate and indeterminate
structures. Elastic deformations of statically indeterminate structures.Conjugate-Beam
Method.Moment Area Methods.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Khurmi, R S. Theory of Structures. S. Chand Group
2. Derek Seward. Understanding Structures,Analysis, Materials, Design 4th edition.
Palgrave,Macmillan. 2001
Further reading
3. Ray Hulse and Jack Cain. Structural Mechanics. PalgraveMacmillan. 1989
4. Charles M Spofford, Book Company McGraw. The Theory of Structures. BiblioLife.
87
ECE 2318 TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to various aspects of traffic engineering which normally involves
information gathering and synthesis, developing of transport demand models and
designing of transportation networks.
Learning outcomes
(i) understand the various methods of data gathering and analysis techniques in
transportation engineering
(ii) Develop transport demand models for urban and rural application
(iii) Design multimodal transportation networks
Course description
Data gathering and analysis techniques, sample size considerations. Experiment design
for demand forecasting and operations analysis. Use of transportation demand models in
urban and rural applications.Design and evaluation of multi modal transportation networks.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
2002
Further reading
1996
88
89
ECE 2319 PRACTICAL ATTACHMENT II
Learning outcomes
1. Relate what was learned in class with what is applied in the industry.
Course description
Students to be attached to civil engineering firms/industries to learn practical aspects of
solving civil engineering problems in any of the following areas: public health, structural,
transportation and water engineering; aerial surveying and remote sensing.
Course assessment
 Lecturer’s assessment of the student in the firm attached.
 Assessment by the firm’s supervisor.
90
4TH YEAR
SMA 2471 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS I
Provide students with a good understanding of numerical computational methods
applicable in civil engineering
Learning outcomes
(i) apply numerical techniques in the solution of ordinary differential equations and
general partial differential equations (PDE);
(ii) Apply Taylor's method, Euler's method and other classical methods in numerical
analysis.
Course description
Interpolation: finite difference, linear, quadratic and Lagrange methods and their
applications in numerical differentiation. Newton-Raphson formula for obtaining an
approximate root of an equation. Numerical integration; trapezoidal and Simpson's
rules, Newton-cotes and Romberg formulae, and Gaussian quadrature. Numerical solution
of ordinary differential equations; Taylor's series, Euler, Runge- Kutta, Milne, predictor-
corrector and extrapolation methods.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Press W. H., Teukolsky S.A., Vetterling W.T & Flannery B.P., Numerical Recipes,
(2007). The Art of Scientific Computing
2. Chapra S.C. &Canale P., (2005). Numerical Methods for Engineers.
Further reading
1. Faires J.D & Burden R.L., (2002). Numerical Methods. 2nd Ed. Thomas brooks
91
2. Kreyszig E., (1993). Advanced Engineering Mathematics. 7th Ed. John Wiley
3. Hammming R., (1987). Numerical Methods for Scientists and Engineers 2nd Ed.
92
ECE 2402 HYDROLOGY I
enable students describe the hydrologic cycle, perform measurements on precipitation,
compute evaporation, transpiration and run-off.
Learning outcomes
(i) describe water occurrence in nature;
(ii) describe the various components of meteorology
(iii) define and calculate evapotranspiration;
(iv) define and calculate interception, infiltration and percolation;
(v) apply in principle the presented elements of groundwater flow theory;
(vi) apply in principle the presented elements of surface water flow analysis;
(vii) Apply in principle the presented elements of the relation between rainfall and
stream flow.
Course description
Hydrologic cycle. Precipitation: types, measurement and averaging real precipitation.
Rainfall data analysis. Evaporation and transpiration: factors and methods of computation.
Runoff: factors affecting runoff, flow measurements and rating curves. Zones, infiltration,
percolation, permeability, types of walls.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Chow, V. T. Applied Hydrology. cRc. 1990
2. Sharad K., Hydrology and Water Resources of India. Spinger. 2007
Further reading
93
Resources of India, Series: Water Science and Technology Library.
2. Hydrology handbook. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY. Linsley, RK, Kohler, MA,
and Paulhus, JLH (1958). Hydrology for engineers, McGraw-Hill Book Co., New
York, NY. Lloyd, EH (1963)
3. Juan B. Marco, R. Harboe, José D. Salas. Stochastic hydrology and its use in water
resources systems. 1993
4. JaroslavBalek. Hydrology and water resources in tropical Africa. 1977
5. Sharad K. Jain, Pushpendra K. Agarwal, Vijay P. Hydrology and Water Resources of
India. 2007
6. K. C. Patra. Hydrology and water resources engineering. 2001
7. B. P. Singh, Bhishm Kumar. Isotopes in hydrology, hydrogeology and water resources.
2005
94
ECE 2403 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to various aspects of traffic engineering which include traffic
evaluation and its operation and management planning.
Learning outcomes
(i) carry out traffic evaluation;
(ii) Apply traffic evaluation in the design of both rural and urban roads.
Course description
Flow density and speed; Queuing, planning, implementation, and operations of control
technologies. Operational planning and management of the highway transportation.
System operating environments: policy and institutional issues, selection of strategies and
tactics, evaluation, road furniture.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
2. C.A. O'Flaherty. Highways vol 1: highway engineering 3rd ed. 1987
Further reading
1996
95
ECE 2404 HIGHWAY ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to various aspects of highway engineering which include its
geometric designs, the intersection types and other factors that affect the design of a
highway such as the design speed and etc.
Learning outcomes
(i) Geometrically design a highway
(ii) Design the various types of intersections
(iii) Determine the design speed and sight distance and the highway capacity.
Course description
Principles of highway design: geometric design; horizontal and vertical curves, factors and
elements of geometric designs. Intersection design: at-grade junctions; roundabouts,
conflicts points, kerbed and ghost islands, lane separation, acceleration and deceleration
lanes, intersection sight triangle. Speed, sight distance and capacity.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
2002
Further reading
96
1996
97
ECE 2405 IRRIGATION ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to various aspects of irrigation engineering which include; sources of
irrigation water, water requirements of crops, irrigation water requirements and the soil
suitability.
Learning outcomes
(i) define the agricultural aspects of irrigation and be able to calculate the water
demand of different crops;
(ii) design the facilities supplying water to the irrigation scheme;
(iii) Determine irrigation water requirements
(iv) Determine sources of irrigation water
Course description
Evaluation of irrigation requirements and determination of soil suitability for crops; pH
value, physical and chemical composition of soil solids. Water requirements of crops:
evapotranspiration, soil and water potential, irrigation water quality. Irrigation water
requirement: critical points, Management Allowable Deficit (MAD), optimum yield-MAD
relationship analysis. Sources of irrigation water: surface and ground water sources.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. R K Sharma.Irrigation Engineering
2. BASAK N. N. Irrigation Engineering. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 1999
Further reading
1. R.N Reddy. Irrigation Engineering
98
2. Newell, Frederick Haynes, Murphy, Daniel William, joint author. Principles of
irrigation engineering : arid lands, water supply, storage works, dams, canals,
water rights and products. New York : McGraw-Hill
3. Arthur Powell Davis, Herbert Michael Wilson. Irrigation engineering. John Wiley &
sons, inc.1919
4. Bernard Alfred Etcheverry. Irrigation Practice and Engineering, Vol. 3. Forgotten

Books.
99
ECE 2406 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING I
Introduce students to various aspects of foundation engineering which includes; site
exploration, computing earth pressure and soil bearing capacity, determination of
suitability of soils and foundation types.
Learning outcomes
1. perform site exploration
2. determine earth pressure and soil bearing capacity
3. determine causes of settlement of foundation and its effects on superstructure
4. determine different soil characteristics and its suitability for laying of foundation
Course description
Site exploration: Planning, geological information, sub-surface exploration. Slope stability.
Earth pressure: activate and passive, lateral earth pressure, Rankine's theory, Coulomb's
theory. Bearing capacity: capacity tables, Terzaghi's analysis, footings, mats and piles.
Settlement: causes, analysis, consolidation process, effects on foundations, embankments
and buildings. Shoring and underpinning.Foundation characteristics of tropical and
residual soils; properties, depth, and strength.Laboratory work and tutorials.excavation and
bracing. Ground water; dewatering techniques.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
100
1. Waltham. AC Foundations of Engineering Geology E and FM Spon. 1993
2. Tony Waltham. Foundations of Engineering Geology (Paperback). Taylor &

Francis; 3 edition. 17 April 2009
Further reading
1. Georges Pilot. Foundation engineering: Soil properties - foundation design and
construction. Presses de l'école national des ponts et chaussées, 1982
2. Robert W. Day. Geotechnical and foundation engineering: design and

construction. McGraw-Hill Professional, 1999
3. P.C. Varghese. Foundation Engineering. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2005
101
ECE 2407 STRUCTURAL DESIGN I
Introduce students to structural steel and timber design and detailing according to the
relevant design codes; BS 5950 and Euro code 3, for steel and BS 5268 and Euro code 5
for timber.
Learning outcomes
1. design and detail the following structural steel elements:
a. tension members
b. compression members
c. beams
d. beam-columns
e. plate girders
f. connections
In accordance with appropriate codes of practice BS 5950 and Eurocode 3;

2. describe the preventive maintenance procedures of existing steel structures;
3. design and detail structural timber elements in accordance with codes of practice
BS 5268 and Eurocode 5;
4. describe the preventive maintenance procedures of existing timber structures;
Course description
Steel design: design and analysis of steel systems using elastic analysis to include tension
members, columns, beams, beam-column connections, bolted connections, welded
connections, structural systems. Timber design: design and analysis of timber structures
by elastic methods to include tension members such as columns, beams, beam-column
connections, bolts, nails, plywood diaphragms and glue laminated members.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
102
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
Assessment Tests), regular assignments, design exercises and a final examination at end
of the unit. The composition of assessment shall be as follows: 50% design exercises,
10% continuous assessment tests and 40%final examinations
1. William M.C. McKenzie and Binsheng Zhang, both at Napier University. Design
of Structural Timber To bs 6280,2nd edition. Palgrave,Macmillan. 1999
2. Extracts from British Standards for Students of Structural Design Available from
the Department of Engineering C. 2002
3. N.S. Trahair , M.A. Bradford , D.A. Nethercot , L. Gardner.The Behaviour and

Design of Steel Structures to BS 5950. Taylor & Francis; 4 edition. 1 Jan 2008
4. William M.C. McKenzie ,Binsheng Zhang. Design of Structural Timber to bs

6852. Palgrave; 2Rev Ed edition. 31 Aug 2007
Further reading
1. Nethercot. DA Limit States Design of Steelwork 2nd Ed. Chapman Hall R. 2000
2. Steel Work Design Guide to BS 5950: Section Properties and Member

Capacities Pt. 1, 2000, v. 1des
3. AbdyKermani. Structural timber design. Wiley-Blackwell, 1999
4. The Design of Timber Structures. Taylor & Francis
103
ECE 2408 THEORY OF STRUCTURES V
Introduce students to finite elements method of analysis.
Learning outcomes
1. explain the stiffness method for two-dimensional bar-type structures;
2. apply available software for two dimensional structures;
3. interpret and validate the computed results;
4. explain the principle of the Finite Elements Method for continuous two dimensional
problems.
Course description
Introduction to finite element methods and application in Structural Analysis Matrix Analysis
of structures.Force and deformation methods for determining forces in beams, frames and
trusses.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
104
1. Thomas J. R. Hughes. The finite element method: linear static and dynamic finite
element analysis. Dover Publications, 2000
Further reading
1. Gui-Rong Liu, S. S. Quek. The finite element method: a practical course.
Butterworth-Heinemann, 2003
2. George R. Buchanan. Schaum's outline of theory and problems of finite element

analysis. McGraw-Hill Professional, 1995
105
ECE 2114 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This unit is intended to impart the students with scientific skills to enable them conduct
research.
Learning outcomes
1. explain how a research project is managed.
2. write a research proposal;
Course description
Experimental and comparative methods.Quantitative and qualitative methods of
research.Methodological approach to research problem identification, literature review,
research proposal and budgeting. Data collection methods: observations, interviews,
questionnaires, field study. Data analysis and interpretation, finds and
conclusions.Research report and presentation.Financial statement.Case studies.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. Creswell, J. research Design: Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods
Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. 2003
2. Guba, E. and Lincoln, Y. Fourth Generation Evaluation. Newbury Park,

California: Sage Publications. 1989
106
Further reading
1. Rajendar Kumar. Research Methodology. APH Publishing.
2. R. Panneerselvam. Research Methodology. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2004.
3. Ranjit Kumar. Research methodology: a step-by-step guide for beginners.

Pearson Education Australia, 2005
4. Dr C R Kothari. Research methodology: methods and techniques. New Age

International, 2008.
107
ECE 2410 HYDROLOGY II
Provide further knowledge to students on hydrology pertaining to; making calculations
for stream flow hydrographs and their characteristics, determining the probabilities in
hydrology and stream flow data gathering and analysis.
Learning outcomes
1. make calculations of stream flow originating from surface water;
2. carry out hydrologic measurements;
3. carry out analysis of hydrologic design;
4. define design storms and derive relevant hydrologic functions;
Course description
Stream flow hydrographs and their characteristics; derivation of units hydrograph and its
applications, hydrograph of overland flow, rations between precipitation and runoff.
Hydrologic and hydraulic routings. Probability in hydrology; return period, flood damage
and control. Stream flow data analysis, synthetic hydrograph.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
108
1. Chow, V. T. Applied Hydrology. cRc. 1990
2. Sharad K., Hydrology and Water Resources of India. Spinger. 2007
Further reading
Resources of India, Series: Water Science and Technology Library.
2. Hydrology handbook. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, NY. Linsley, RK, Kohler,
MA, and Paulhus, JLH (1958). Hydrology for engineers, McGraw-Hill Book Co.,
New York, NY. Lloyd, EH (1963)
3. Juan B. Marco, R. Harboe, José D. Salas. Stochastic hydrology and its use in
water resources systems. 1993
4. JaroslavBalek. Hydrology and water resources in tropical Africa. 1977
5. Sharad K. Jain, Pushpendra K. Agarwal, Vijay P. Hydrology and Water

Resources of India. 2007
6. K. C. Patra. Hydrology and water resources engineering. 2001
7. B. P. Singh, Bhishm Kumar. Isotopes in hydrology, hydrogeology and water

resources. 2005
109
ECE 2411 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING II
Provide further knowledge to students on traffic engineering pertaining to; traffic
evaluation and assignment, designing of highway networks and routing of vehicles.
Learning outcomes
1. carry out traffic evaluation;
2. apply traffic evaluation in the design of both rural and urban roads.
Course description
Stationary flows, flow conservation, traffic assignment, hierarchy structure of highway
networks, time-dependent flows in bottlenecks. Graphs, theory, shortage paths, continuum
approximations, vehicle routing.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
2. C.A. O'Flaherty. Highways vol 1: highway engineering 3rd ed. 1987
Further reading

1996
110
111
ECE 2412 HIGHWAY ENGINEERING II
Provide further knowledge to students on highway engineering. This will include;
designing of flexible and rigid pavements and identification of factors that govern the
choice between the two pavement types, construction techniques and process of the
two pavement types.
Learning outcomes
1. distinguish between flexible and rigid pavements and explain the functions of their
respective elements;
2. analyse the stresses in both flexible and rigid pavements and explain the factors
affecting their distribution;
3. carry out related field tests;
4. discuss empirical and analytical methods of pavement design;
5. apply the above methods in pavement design;
6. identify the factors governing the choice between flexible and rigid pavement
construction and attendant maintenance implication.
Course description
Pavement types: flexible and rigid. Stresses in flexible pavements and wheel load
characteristics. Design methods: empirical and analytical methods, Road Note (RN) 29,
and RN 31, standards from the public sector. Construction techniques; cut and fill,
surfacing, drainage systems. Base construction; stabilization using cement, lime, and
bitumen, labour intensive techniques, stage construction, construction materials;
aggregates, bitumen. Introduction to road maintenance and construction plant.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
112
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. C.A. O'Flaherty. Highways vol 1: highway engineering 4TH ed. Butternut
heineman. 2002
Further reading

1996
113
ECE 2413 IRRIGATION ENGINEERING II
Provide students with further knowledge in irrigation engineering. This will include;
designing of irrigation systems and drainage systems together with their operation and
maintenance, specification and selection of suitable water pumps and efficient use of
irrigation water.
Learning outcomes
1. design a gravity irrigation system as far as structures, canals and field irrigation
facilities are concerned;
2. design a drainage system state its operation and maintenance;
3. specify and select the appropriate types of water pumps, specify their operation and
maintenance;
4. make use of water efficiently in irrigation;
Course description
Theory and design of : gravity, sprinkler and trickler irrigation systems. Drainage: Theory,
design, construction, operation and maintenance. Efficient use of water and integrated
projects. Pumps: types, selection, operation and maintenance.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. R K Sharma. Irrigation Engineering
114
2. BASAK N. N. Irrigation Engineering. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 1999
Further reading
1. R.N Reddy. Irrigation Engineering
2. Newell, Frederick Haynes, Murphy, Daniel William, joint author. Principles of

irrigation engineering : arid lands, water supply, storage works, dams, canals,
water rights and products. New York : McGraw-Hill
3. Arthur Powell Davis, Herbert Michael Wilson. Irrigation engineering. John Wiley &
sons, inc. 1919
4. Bernard Alfred Etcheverry. Irrigation Practice and Engineering, Vol. 3. Forgotten

Books.
115
ECE 2414 FOUNDATION ENGINEERING II
Provide students with further knowledge in foundation engineering. This will include;
detailed site investigation and exploration, designing of the various foundation types and
retaining walls.
Learning outcomes
1. explain the functions of various types of foundations and the practical considerations
taken in their design;
2. analyse and design various types of foundations;
3. describe the constructional techniques for the various types of foundations;
4. describe procedure of foundation failure investigation and remedial measures
5. design retaining walls and their failure modes, design sheet piles and cofferdams
6. carryout site investigation and exploration, sampling and onsite tests
Course description
Foundation footings, strip, rafts, piles, piers and caissons . Foundation types: selection of
suitable types of foundations for given sittings such as footings, mats, strip, rafts, piles,
piers. Site investigations and exploration: planning, geological information, sub-surface
exploration. Retaining walls: design and failure modes, abutments, sheet piling and
cofferdams. Site investigations: boring and sampling, penetration tests, remote sensing,
geophysical exploration.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
116
Course assessment
 CATs, practical and assignments shall constitute the remaining 30%
1. Waltham. AC Foundations of Engineering Geology E and FM Spon. 1993
2. Tony Waltham. Foundations of Engineering Geology (Paperback). Taylor &

Francis; 3 edition. 17 April 2009
Further reading
1. Georges Pilot. Foundation engineering: Soil properties - foundation design and
construction. Presses de l'école national des ponts et chaussées, 1982
2. Robert W. Day. Geotechnical and foundation engineering: design and

construction. McGraw-Hill Professional, 1999
3. P.C. Varghese. Foundation Engineering. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd., 2005
117
ECE 2415 STRUCTURAL DESIGN II
Provide students with detailed knowledge in the design and detailing of RC members.
Learning outcomes
1. Design RC members such as beams, columns, oneway and two way slabs,
footings taking into consideration shear, torsion, bond length and bar cutoffs.
2. Give the full specifications and details of reinforcement in the correct format
3. Design and analyze pre-stressed concrete members
Course description
Reinforced concrete design: strength method of design and analysis of reinforced concrete
members such as beams, columns, one-way and two-way slabs, footings, shear, torsion,
bond length and bar cutoffs. Specifications and details of reinforcement
placing.Prestressed concrete: elastic analysis, design of prestressed concrete members,
exploration of proestrus losses, camber and deflection, flexural and shear analysis, pre-
tensioned and post- tensioned members. Reinforced Concrete (R.C.) and precast
Concrete (P.C.) beams.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
118
1. Bill Mosley, NanyangTechnologicalInstitute,Singapore, John Bungey,University of
Liverpool, UKandRay Hulse, CoventryUniversity. Reinforced Concrete Design To
bs 8110 4th edition. Palgrave,Macmillan. 2002
2. Mosley, Bungey and Hulse. Reinforced Concrete Design Fifth Edition. MacMillan
Press Ltd R. 2000
Further reading
1. Extracts from British Standards for Students of Structural Design Available from
the Department of Engineering C. 2002
2. Mosley W.H. Reinforced Concrete Design (Paperback). Palgrave; 6Rev Ed

edition. 2007
119
ECE 2416 THEORY OF STRUCTURES IV
Provide students with further knowledge in theory of structures, specifically touching on
structural dynamics.
Learning outcomes
1. model a real elastic structure as a single degree of freedom mass-spring-system;
2. analyse the response of the model under harmonic loading, impulsive loading, unit
step loading, and earthquake excitation, both for undamped and damped systems;
3. Translate the model results to the behaviour of the real structure and judge the
behaviour as for strength and for comfort.
Course description
Structural Dynamics: Formulation of equations for single degree of freedom undamped
and damped systems. Forced vibrations.Multi-degree of freedom dynamics.Introduction to
Earthquake Engineering.Structural Instability.
Teaching methods
 Lecturing
 white-board
 Handouts
Course assessment
1. J. L. Humar. Dynamics of structures. A.A. Balkema Publishers, 2002
2. Roy R. Craig, Andrew J. Kurdila. Fundamentals of Structural Dynamics. John

Wiley and Sons, 2011
120
Further reading
1. Mario Paz, William E. Leigh. Structural dynamics: theory and computation,
Volume 1. Springer, 2004
2. Mario Paz. Structural dynamics, theory and computation. Van Nostrand

Reinhold, 1980
3. Roy R. Craig. Structural dynamics: an introduction to computer methods. Wiley,

1981
121
ECE 2416 PRACTICAL ATTACHMENT III
Learning outcomes
1. Relate what was learned in class with what is applied in the industry.
Course description
Students to be attached to civil engineering firms/industries to learn practical aspects of
solving civil engineering problems in any of the following areas: public health, structural,
transportation and water engineering; aerial surveying and remote sensing.
Course assessment
 Lecturer’s assessment of the student in the firm attached.
 Assessment by the firm’s supervisor.
122
FIFTH YEAR
ECE 2501 ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT I
Course Purpose
To expose the student to the essential elements and tools of engineering project
management
Objectives
(i) Explain the principles of construction plant management
(ii) Apply mathematical methods in estimation of plant performance and depreciation
(iii) Explain the principles of project management
(iv) Describe and apply various methods of construction planning
(v) Apply available computer software in project management
Course Content
Plant Management: Economics of construction plant, contractor plant policies, equipment
specification, selection and performance. Estimation of plant productivity. Depreciation of
plant. Project Management: Introduction to operation research, linear programming,
decision theory, inventory models, stochastic simulation. Principles of construction
planning: Arrow and precedence diagrams, critical path method, resource allocation and
levelling and time-cost trade off, project evaluation and resource techniques, computer
application.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
123
Required Text Books
1. Langford D., (1995), Organization and Management of Construction: Managing
construction information, Taylor & Francis
2. Austen A. D., (1984), Organization and Management of Construction: Managing
construction information, International Labour Organization
References
1. Institution of Civil Engineers, (1969), An Introduction to Engineering Economics,
Themas Telford
2. Loosemore M., (2003), Essentials of Construction Project Management, UNSW
Press
3. Gahlot P. S., (2007), Construction Planning And Management, New Age
International
4. Neal R. H., Neal D. E., (1989), Construction Management, Thomas Telford
ECE 2502* STRUCTURAL DESIGN III

Course Purpose
To equip the student with practical knowledge of the design of low-rise and high-rise
structures in concrete, timber and steel and the design of bridges and water retaining
structures
Objectives
(i) Design low-rise and high-rise structures in concrete, steel and timber
(ii) Design bridges in any of the following systems: steel and timber, reinforced and
prestressed concrete, composite construction and precast systems
(iii) Design retaining walls and basements
Course Content
Design of low-rise industrial, residential, agricultural buildings and high rise structures in
concrete, steel and timber. Bridge design: planning and location of bridges, bridge
construction systems in steel, reinforced and prestressed concrete, composite construction
and precast bridge systems. design of retaining walls basements and water retaining
structures.
124
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2415 Structural Design II
Required Text Books

1. BS 5400: Steel, concrete and composite bridges
2. BS 8103: Structural design of low-rise buildings
3. BS 6399: Loading for buildings
References
1. Davenport A. G., (1998), Wind Effects on Buildings and Structures, Taylor & Francis
2. Barker R. M., Puckett R. A., (1997), Design of highway bridges: based on AASHTO
LRFD, bridge design specifications, John Wiley
4. Hussein R. R., (2010), Structural Design of High Rise Buildings, VDM Publishing
5. Aoyama H., (2001), Structural Design of High Rise Buildings, Imperial College
Press
ECE 2503 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING I

Course Purpose
To familiarize the student with the elements of water resources, reservoir engineering and
hydroelectric power production dams
Objectives
(i) Describe the elements of water resources engineering
(ii) Explain the elements of reservoir engineering
(iii) Describe sediment transport and its significance
(iv) Describe the design of hydroelectric power production dams, spillways, and outlet
125
works
Course Content
Introduction to water resources engineering; global overview. Ground water resources.

Reservoirs; planning and investigation, erosion and sedimentation. Sediment transport.
Hydroelectric power production Dams, spillways and outlet works.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2410 Hydrology II
Required Text Books

1. Mays L. W., (2010), Water Resources Engineering, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons
2. Hall W. A., Dracup J. A., (1970), Water resources systems engineering, McGraw-
Hill
References
1. Prakash A. Prakash A., (2004), Water Resources Engineering: Handbook of
essential methods and design, ASCE Publications
2. Chin D. A., (2006), Water resources engineering, 2nd Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall
3. Duggal K. N., Soni J. P., (2005), Elements of water resources engineering, New
Age International
4. Murthy C. S., (2002), Water Resources Engineering: Principles and practice, 2nd
Edition, New Age International
ECE 2504 PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING III

Course Purpose
To provide the student with knowledge of small-scale waste treatment and disposal, re-use
126
of sewage, industrial waste and solid waste management
Objectives
(i) Describe small scale waste treatment and disposal
(ii) Describe the treatment of sludge and sludge liquors and the biological treatment of
wastewater
(iii) Describe the elements of waste water re-use
(iv) Explain the management of industrial waste and solid waste
(v) Develop Adsorption isotherms for wastewater
Course Content
Waste treatment and disposal for individual household and small communities. Treatment
of sludge and sludge liquors, unit processes of physical, chemical and biological treatment
of waste water. Re-use of sewage and industrial waste management. Adsorption
Isotherms. Solid waste collection and disposal methods. Sludge volume index, oxygen
consumption rate, specific gravity tests.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2313 Public Health Engineering II
Required Text Books

1. Williams P. T., (2005), Waste treatment and disposal, 2nd Edition, Wiley
2. Andreoli C. V., Sperling M. V., Fernandes F., (2007),Sludge Treatment and
Disposal, IWA Publishing
References
127
1. Sperling M. V., (2007) Wastewater Characteristics, Treatment and Disposal, IWA
Publishing
2. Woodard & Curran, Inc, (2006), Industrial Waste Treatment Handbook, 2nd Edition,
Butterworth-Heinemann
3. Tchobanoglous G., Theisen H., Vigil S. A., (1993), Integrated solid waste
management: engineering principles and management issues, 2nd Edition, McGraw-
Hill
4. Bagchi A., (2004), Design of Landfills and Integrated Solid Waste Management, 3rd
Edition, John Wiley & Sons
ECE 2505** PROJECT

Course Purpose
The objective of the unit is to equip students with necessary skills to enable them to
independently/jointly carry out a research project.
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this unit, the students should be able to:
(I). Apply the knowledge learned over the duration of the course to identify a practical
problem in society
(II). Determine the data requirements to solve the problem, and device appropriate
strategies to collect the appropriate data.
(III). Analyze and process the data to solve the problem and discuss the results
(IV). Present the results in aa appropriate scientific report format
Course Description
Each final year student will undertake a project that will span over two semesters and be
examined at the end of the second semester. The project shall be approved by the
department and carried out under supervision of academic staff. The objective of the
project will be to synthesize the knowledge acquired in problem definition, analysis, design,
construction, evaluation, measurement and communication. The student will prepare a
project report of a high academic standard as is required.
Students are expected to carry out innovative projects jointly/individually under the
guidance of the School members.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
The project will be assessed through oral presentations (30%), and final project reports
128
(70%).
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Creswell, J. (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods
Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
2. Guba, E. and Lincoln, Y. (1989). Fourth Generation Evaluation. Newbury Park,
California: Sage Publications.
References
1. Elangovan,K (2006)"GIS: Fundamentals, Applications and Implementations", New India
Publishing Agency, New Delhi
2. Creswell, J. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five
traditions. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
3. Patton, M.Q. (2002). Qualitative research & evaluation methods (3rd edition). Thousand
Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
4. International Journal of Project Management
ECE 2507 LOGISTICS AND SYSTEM ANALYSIS IN TRANSPORTATION

Course Purpose
To provide the student with knowledge of transportation economics, system analysis and
network logistics
Learning Outcomes
(i) Discuss the economics of various transportation options
(ii) Apply mathematical relations to optimization, evaluation, costing and modeling in
transportation
(iii) Explain various transportation elements interrelationships
(iv) Explain transportation logistics operations and system design
Course Content
Economic characteristics of selected transportation technologies. Optimization, evaluation,

costing and modeling. Transportation/inventory/ production cost interrelationships, physical
distribution and carrier networks. Logistics operations, system design.
129
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2411 Traffic Engineering II
Required Text Books

1. Kadiyali L. R., (2002), Traffic engineering and transport planning,6th Edition, Khanna
Publishers
2. Paquette R. J., Ashford N., Wright P. H., (1972), Transportation Engineering, John
Wiley & Sons
References
1. Cedar A., (2007), Public transit planning and operation: Theory, modelling and
practice, Elsevier
2. Daganzo C. F., (1996), Logistics systems analysis, 4th Edition, Springer
3. Kasilingam R. G., (1998), Logistics and Transportation: Design and Planning,
Springer
4. Langevin A., Riopel D., (2005), Logistics Systems: Design and Optimization,
Springer
ECE 2508 GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING

Course Purpose
To impart students with knowledge in advanced soil and rock mechanics
Learning Outcomes
(i) Describe tunneling and dam construction methods
(ii) Describe soil and rock formations and soil and rock mechanics
(iii) Describe load tests on piles
(iv) Describe advanced geotechnical site investigations
130
(v) Explain numerical modeling in geomechanics
(vi) Explain the use of geosynthetics
(vii) Apply available software in geotechnical engineering
Course Content
Tunnelling and dam construction. Geotechnical aspects: soil and rock formations.
Advanced soil and rock mechanics. In-situ field testing. Load tests on piles. Advanced
Geotechnical site investigations. Numerical modelling in Geomechanics. Use of
Geosynthetics. Introduction to related computer software.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2414 Foundation Engineering II
Required Text Books

1. Das B. M., (2009), Principles of Geotechnical Engineering, 7th edition, Cengage
Learning
2. Venkatramaiah C., (2007), Geotechnical Engineering, New Age International
References
1. Lancellota R., (2008), Geotechnical Engineering, 2nd Edition, Taylor & Francis
2. Gulhati S. K., Gulhati S. K., Datta M., (2005), Geotechnical Engineering, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education
3. Sivakugan N., Das B. M., (2009), Geotechnical Engineering: A Practical Problem
Solving Approach, J. Ross Publishing
4. Smoltczyk U., (2003), Geotechnical Engineering Handbook, Elements and
Structures, John Wiley & Sons
131
ECE 2509 ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT II
Course Purpose
To help the student to appreciate the role of the engineer in society and with regard to
engineering contracts and projects
Objectives
(i) Explain the role of the Engineer in society
(ii) Describe professional ethics and professional bodies for engineers
(iii) Explain responsibilities of the engineer as lead consultant throughout the project
cycle
(iv) Describe the bidding procedures and contract basics
(v) Describe the standard forms of contract
(vi) Explain time and work study
Course Content
The role of the Engineer in society. Engineers training. Professional ethics and
professional bodies. Engineer's office and project management. Responsibilities of the
engineer as the lead consultants from inception of a project to handing over. Bidding
procedures. Organization of the construction industry. Contract Basics. Standard forms of
contracts. Introduction to time and work study.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2501 Engineering Management I
132
Required Text Books
1. Langford D., (1995), Organization and Management of Construction: Managing
construction information, Taylor & Francis
2. Austen A. D., (1984), Organization and Management of Construction: Managing
construction information, International Labour Organization
References
1. Institution of Civil Engineers, (1969), An Introduction to Engineering Economics,
Themas Telford
2. Loosemore M., (2003), Essentials of Construction Project Management, UNSW
Press
3. Gahlot P. S., (2007), Construction Planning And Management, New Age
International
4. Neal R. H., Neal D. E., (1989), Construction Management, Thomas Telford
ECE 2510 HARBOUR ENGINEERING

Course Purpose
To introduce the learner to the essentials of water transportation infrastructure
Objectives
(i) Explain the importance of sea ports
(ii) Describe various types of harbours
(iii) Explain the effect of trade winds and waves on marine structures
(iv) Design simple dry and offshore docks
(v) Describe types of breakwaters, jetties, landing stages and curves
(vi) Describe dredging plant, quays, warehouses and navigational aids
(vii) Explain the maintenance and protection necessary for harbor structures
Course Content
Introduction: sea port and its importance in the national and international communication
systems, location of harbour, natural and artificial harbours; accessibility and size, trade
winds, waves and their action on marine structures, docks; wet docks, berths, dock
entrances, design of dry and offshore docks, breakwaters; classification, vertical and
mound materials used for breakwaters, construction of jetties, landing stages and curves.
Dredging plant, quays; transition sheds, warehouses and navigational aids, maintenance of
harbour structures, protection of marine structures against marine chemicals and pets.
133
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Jarvis A., (1998), Port and harbour engineering, Ashgate
2. Cornick H. F., Cunningham B., (1960), Dock and harbour engineering, Volume 3,
2nd Edition, Griffin
References
1. Abbot M. B., (1994), Coastal, Estuarial and Harbour Engineer's Reference Book,
Taylor & Francis
2. Cunningham B., (2010), A Treatise on the Principles and Practice of Harbour
Engineering, Bibliobazar
3. Thoresen C. A., (2003), Port Designer's Handbook: Recommendations And
Guidelines, Thomas Telford
4. Sawaragi T., (1995), Coastal Engineering: Waves, Beaches, Wave-Structure
Interactions, Elsevier
ECE 2511 CIVIL ENGINEERING PRACTICE

Course Purpose
To introduce the learner to the civil engineering quantities, specifications, contract basics
and legal issues in civil engineering.
Objectives
134
(i) Prepare standard construction specification
(ii) Explain the types and role of surety bonds and insurance in construction
(iii) Explain contract basics and the resolution of legal disputes in construction
(iv) Carry out basic civil engineering quantities measurement and preparation of Bills of
Quantities
Course Content
Preparation of standard construction specification; materials, workmanship and

methodologies. Surety bonds and insurance. Contract basics and legal disputes.
Arbitration. Introduction to civil engineering quantities and preparation of Bills of Quantities
(BOQ).
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain) (1985), Civil engineering standard
method of measurement, 2nd Edition, Thomas Telford
2. Choi Y. K., (2004), Principles of Applied Civil Engineering Design, ASCE
Publications
References
1. Wearne S., (1989), Civil Engineering Contracts: An Introduction to Construction
Contracts and the Ice Model Form of Contract, Thomas Telford
2. O’Reilly M., (1999), Civil Engineering Construction Contracts, 2nd Edition, Thomas
Telford
3. Ramsey V., (2007), Construction Law Handbook, Thomas Telford
4. McInnis A., (2001), The New Engineering Contract: A Legal Commentary, Thomas
135
Telford
ECE 2512 PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING IV

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with knowledge on water supply and wastewater hydraulics and
economics, air pollution and metals in water
Objectives
(i) Describe various sanitary structures, water supply and waste water conveyance and
treatment units
(ii) Carry out typical design of water supply and waste water treatment facilities
(iii) Describe and carry out financial and economic analysis of water supply and
sewerage projects
(iv) Explain the basics of air pollution control
(v) Describe and carry out laboratory determination of organic constituents, mixing
characteristic and metals
Course Content
Hydraulic: Design of sanitary structures, waster water conveyance and treatment units.
Typical design of water supply and waste water treatment facilities. Financial and
economic analysis of water supply and sewerage projects. Introduction to air pollution
control. Determination of organic constituents, mixing characteristic and determination of
metals.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
136
Prerequisites: ECE 2504 Public Health Engineering III
Required Text Books

1. Hager W.H., (2010), Wastewater Hydraulics: Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition,
Springer
2. Deveril P., (2002), Designing Water Supply and Sanitation Projects to Meet
Demand in Rural and Peri-urban Communities: Concept, principles and practice,
WEDC, Loughborough University
References
1. Sperling M. V., (2007) Wastewater Characteristics, Treatment and Disposal, IWA
Publishing
2. Phalen R. F., Phalen R. N., (2012), Introduction to Air Pollution Science, Jones &
Bartlett Publishers
3. Water Environment Federation, (2009), Wastewater Collection Systems
Management MOP 7, Sixth Edition, McGraw-Hill Prof Med/Tech
ECE 2513 WATER RESOURCES ENGINEERING II

Course Purpose
To familiarize the student with the elements of water resources planning and management
Objectives
(i) Define integrated water resources planning
(ii) Describe the elements of water resources planning in arid and semi arid areas and
wastelands
(iii) Explain the principles of drought management
(iv) Describe various water harvesting and conservation methods
(v) Describe the role of engineers in water resources management
(vi) Apply available simulation software in water resources management
(vii) Describe the elements of Water Law and the National Water Policy
Course Content
Integrated water resources planning. Water resources planning in arid and semi-arid areas
and waste lands. Drought management. Water harvesting and conservation techniques.
Engineering economy in water resources. Deterministic computer simulation/modelling.
137
Water Law and National Water Policy.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2503 Water Resources Engineering I
Required Text Books

1. Mays L. W., (2010), Water Resources Engineering, 2nd Edition, John Wiley & Sons
2. Hall W. A., Dracup J. A., (1970), Water resources systems engineering, McGraw-
Hill
References
1. Marino M. A., Simonovic S. P., (2001), Integrated Water Resources Management,
International Association of Hydrological Sciences
2. Chin D. A., (2006), Water resources engineering, 2nd Edition, Pearson Prentice Hall
3. Duggal K. N., Soni J. P., (2005), Elements of water resources engineering, New
Age International
4. Saddleback, (2009), Water conservation, Saddleback Educational Publishers
ECE 2514 THEORY OF STRUCTURES VII

Course Purpose
To equip the learner with advanced structural theories including plates and shells, plastic
analysis, limit theorems and yield line methods
Objectives
(i) Explain the theory of plates and shells
(ii) Describe and carry out plastic analysis of beams, trusses and columns
138
(iii) Describe Upper and Lower Limit theorems
(iv) Carry out simple design of beams and frames using the plastic method
(v) Analyse and design slabs using yield line methods
Course Content
Theory of plates and shells. Plastic analysis of beams, trusses and columns. Upper and
lower limit theorems. Design of beams and frames using plastic method. Design of slabs
using yield line methods.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2456 Theory of Structures VI
Required Text Books

1. Punmia B. C., Jain A. K., (2004), SMTS-II Theory of Structures, 12th Edition,
Firewall Media
2. Jawad M. H., (1994), Theory and Design Of Plate and Shell Structures,
Chapman & Hall
References
1. Karnovsky I. A., Lebed O. (2009), Advanced Methods of Structural Analysis,

Springer
2. Duggal, (2009), Design Of Steel Structures, 3rd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill

Education
3. Johansen K. W., (1998), Yield-line Formulae for Slabs, Taylor & Francis
4. Das M. M., Das B. M., Saikia M. D., (2011), Structural analysis, PHI Learning Pvt
Ltd
139
5. Timoshenko S. P., Young D. H., (1945), Theory of structures, 2nd Edition,
McGraw-Hill
ECE 2515* STRUCTURAL DESIGN IV

Course Purpose
To equip the student with practical knowledge of the design for dynamic loading and
computer applications to structural design
Objectives
(i) Design multi-storey buildings in each of concrete, steel and timber
(ii) Design multi-span bridges in each of concrete, steel and timber
(iii) Apply available computer software in structural analysis, design and detailing
Course Content
Multi-storey buildings and multi-span bridges in concrete, steel and timber. Design of
structures to resist dynamic loading. Use of computers in structural analysis, design and
detailing.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: ECE 2502 Structural Design III
Required Text Books

1. BS 5400: Steel, concrete and composite bridges
2. Hussein R. R., (2010), Structural Design of High Rise Buildings, VDM Publishing
140
References
1. Barker R. M., Puckett R. A., (1997), Design of highway bridges: based on AASHTO
LRFD, bridge design specifications, John Wiley
2. Kappos A., (2001), Dynamic Loading and Design of Structures, Taylor & Francis
3. Jagadeesh & Jarayam, (2009),Design Of Bridge Structures, 2nd Edition, PHI
Learning
4. Aoyama H., (2001), Structural Design of High Rise Buildings, Imperial College
Press
ECE 2516 PHOTOGRAMMETRY

Course Purpose
Introduce to the learner to the fundamental principles of Photogrammetry and its role in
GIS data capture and mapping
Objectives
(i) Describe the elements of construction of the photogrammetric model
(ii) Describe various stereoscopic plotting machines
(iii) Develop features and contour lines from aerial photographs using plotting machines
(iv) Define the basic concepts of aerial triangulation
(v) Explain the principles of digital photogrammetric systems
(vi) Describe the concepts of aerial photography
(vii) Explain the role of photogrammetry to Civil Engineering Practice
Course Content
Basic geometry of the photograph: construction of the photogrammetric model, interior,
relative and absolute orientations, stereoscopic plotting instruments, compilation of details
and contour lines. Analytical approach: Basic concepts of aerial triangulation, principles of
digital photogrammetric systems. Applications in Civil Engineering Practice.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
141
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. D. E. Murchison; Surveying and Photogrammetry; computation for Civil Engineers.
2. Michel Kasser & Yves Egels; Digital photogrammetry.
References
1. Mather P; Computer precessing of remotely sensed images.

2. Schenk T; Digital Photogrammetry Vol. I.
3. T. J. M. Kennie & G. Petrie; Engineering Surveying Technology.
4. Ramsay J. P. Wilson; Land Surveying.
a. Bannister & S. Raymond; Surveying.
5. W. K. Kilford; Elementary Air Survey.
6. Raymond E. Davis, Francis S. Foote, James M. Anderson, Edward M. Mikhail;
Surveying Theory and Practice
7. Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
ECE 2517 GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS

Course Purpose
This unit is intended to impart the students with the theory and concepts of GIS, through
data capture, processing, and management and their application to Civil Engineering
Objectives
(i) Define the basic concepts of Geographical Information Systems (GIS)
(ii) Describe the hardware and software packages applicable to GIS
(iii) Define types of data structures applicable to GIS
(iv) Describe raster and vector models
(v) Describe data processing, input and output, data quality and data management in
GIS
(vi) Apply GIS in Civil Engineering Practice
Course Content
Definitions, fundamental principles, combination of hardware, peripherals and software
142
packages, data structures, raster and vector models, processing, input and output, data
quality, data management. Applications.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Longley, P.A., Goodchild, M.F., Maguire, D.J. and Rhind, D.W. (2005) Geospatial
Information Systems and Science. Chichester: Wiley. 2nd edition.
2. Chang, K. (2007) Introduction to Geospatial Information System, 4th Edition.
McGraw Hill.
References
1. Elangovan,K (2006)"GIS: Fundamentals, Applications and Implementations", New
India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.
2. Heywood, I., Cornelius, S., and Carver, S. (2006) An Introduction to Geospatial
Information Systems. Prentice Hall. 3rd edition.
3. Bolstad, P. (2005) GIS Fundamentals: A first text on Geospatial Information
Systems, Second Edition. White Bear Lake, MN: Eider Press.
4. Berry, J.K. (1993) Beyond Mapping: Concepts, Algorithms and Issues in GIS. Fort
Collins, CO: GIS World Books.
5. Aranoff S: Geospatial Information Systems: A management perspective
6. Burrough, P.A. and McDonnell, R.A. (1998) Principles of Geospatial information
systems. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 327 pp.
7. Maguire, D.J., Goodchild M.F., Rhind D.W. (1997) "Geospatial Information
Systems: principles, and applications" Longman Scientific and Technical, Harlow.
8. International Journal of Geographical Information Science
9. Journal of Geographical Systems
143
ECE 2518 REMOTE SENSING
Course Purpose
Expose students to the remote sensing practice by providing a detailed introduction to
remote sensing concepts and applications in Civil Engineering.
Objectives
(i) Define the basic concepts of remote sensing
(ii) Describe photographic systems used in remote sensing, film properties and
interpretation of photographs
(iii) Describe the application of remote sensing in land use and water resources
planning
(iv) Describe radiometric characteristics, exposure and density densitometer
(v) Define basic concepts of Multi-spectral Scanning Systems (MSS)
(vi) Define the basic concepts of microwave systems
(vii) Define space systems, satellite characteristics and satellite data processing
(viii) Apply available software in remote sensing
Course Content
Remote Sensing Systems: Energy Source; Energy interaction with the atmosphere and
earth features, Sensors, Platforms, Data handling and Multi-concepts. Photographic
Systems: The cameras and basic photographic sequence, Black and White, colour and
infra-red films, Spectral sensitivity of films, resolution photointerpretation. Applications: Soil
land use, Water resources, planning, terrain evolution. Radiometric characteristics,
Exposure and density, densitometer. Extraneous effects, comparative reflection from
exposure. Multi-spectral scanning systems (MSS): Scanners, design considerations,
spectral pattern recognition classification. Micro-wave Systems: Radar, operation
principles, transmission and geometric characteristics, Resolutions, interpretation. Space
systems: Satellite Characteristics, sensors, data reception, processing, corrections,
enhancement, analysis and interpretation; analysis of digital data, computer classification,
applications
towards enhancing understanding of the concepts taught in class. The composition for
continuous assessment shall be as follows: 15% Practical, 5% Assignments, 10% Tests
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
144
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books

1. Thomas M Lillesand and Ralph W Kiefer., (2000). Remote Sensing and Image
Interpretation, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, U.S.A
2. Floyd F Sabins., (1996). Remote Sensing: Principles and Interpretation, W.H
Freeman and Company, New York, U.S.A
References
1. Jonathan Williams., (1995). Geospatial Information from Space: Processing and
Applications of Geocoded Satellite Images, John Wiley & Sons, New York, U.S.A
2. http://www.fao.org
3. John A Richards., (1993). Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis: An Introduction,
Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany
4. John R Jensen, (1986). Introductory Digital Image Processing: A Remote Sensing
Perspective, Prentice-Hall, Inc., New Jersey, U.S.A
5. International Journal of Remote Sensing
6. Journal of Applied Remote Sensing
ECE 2519 ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

Course Purpose
To provide the student with an understanding of environmental problems and possible
solutions and legal issues appertaining thereof
Objectives
(i) Explain the problems associated with environmental change
(ii) Define the concept of sustainable development
(iii) Carry out comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment on a project
(iv) Outline global policies on environmental conservation
(v) Classify and describe natural disasters and their mitigation measures
(vi) Describe the process of global warming, air pollution, forest decline, acid rain
formation, water pollution and their countermeasures
(vii) Describe the role of the United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)
Course Content
145
General problems of the global environmental change. Environmental assessment and
sustainable development. Science and policy of global environmental conservation.
Classification and characteristics of natural disaster. Flood drought protection. Mechanism
of global warming, air pollution, forest decline, acid rain, freshwater pollution, marine
pollution and their countermeasures. Case studies: current global environmental situation
from United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP) and environment secretariat in
Kenya.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Prerequisites: None
Required Text Books
1. J. S. Ogola, M. A. Abiola and J. V. O. Awuor (1997). Potential impacts of
environmental change in Kenya. CNA
2. Mather P. M. (1996). Geospatial information handling – Research and applications.
John Wiley & Sons
References
1. Journal of Environmental Engineering
2. Environmental science for environmental management (1995)
3. Robert Corbitt (1989). Standard handbook of environmental engineering. McGraw
Hill
ECE 2520 TRAFFIC ENGINEERING III

Course Purpose
To provide the student with the essentials of traffic modeling and the application of
statistical methods to traffic engineering
Objectives
(i) Define deterministic queuing models and apply to traffic
(ii) Describe basic concepts of stochastic modeling with regard to traffic engineering
(iii) Apply Poisson’s ratio and diffusion approximation in traffic studies
146
Course Content
Deterministic queuing models with application to traffic, highway traffic signals, and vehicle
operation. Introduction of stochastic models, Poisson arrivals and diffusion
approximations.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Required Text Books

Publishers
Wiley & Sons
References
practice, Elsevier
Springer
Springer
ECE 2521 TRANSPORTATION AND LAND USE, URBAN AND REGIONAL

PLANNING
Course Purpose
To help the student develop and appreciation of the various interactions between
transportation and land use and the available planning options
147
Objectives
(i) Describe and develop models on the relationship between transportation and land
use
(ii) Describe historical perspectives on transportation and land use
(iii) Explain the effects of technology on transportation
(iv) Compare centralized and decentralized transportation systems
(v) Define the role of transportation in regional development
Course Content
Transportation and land use interactions; Models; historical perspectives;travel demands;
location theory. Technology and impacts of transportation. Centralized versus
decentralized systems. The shaping of patterns of settlements economy by transportation
innovation: Transportation and regional development.
1. Whiteboard
3. Handouts
Course assessment
Required Text Books

Publishers
Wiley & Sons
References
practice, Elsevier
148
Springer
Springer
149

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KIMATHI UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(A CONSTITUENT COLLEGE OF JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND

Department of Civil Engineering

P.O. BOX 657-10100, NYERI, KENYA

DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE

1.1 The University and Faculty common regulations shall apply.

1.2 KCSE Applicants:

The candidate must have passed K.C.S.E. or equivalent examination at the

1.3 Kenya Advanced Certificate of Education (KACE) or the A-level equivalent

(i) At least two principal passes in Mathematics and Physics;

1.4 A holder of other qualifications recognized by the Senate as equivalent to

2.0 STRUCTURE AND DURATION OF THE COURSE

g) Practical attachment shall be assessed and graded on pass or fail basis.

First class Honours

Appeal for re-assessment

HRD 2101 Communication Skills (University Unit) 1

SMA 2170 Algebra 1

SMA 2171 Geometry 1

SMA 2172 Calculus I 1

SPH 2170 Physics I 1

SCH 2109 Chemistry I 1

SMA 2174 Introduction to computer science 1

EME 2101 Engineering Drawing I 1

HRD 2102 Development Studies (University Unit) 1

SPH 2181 Physics II 1

SCH 2182 Chemistry II 1

SMA 2173 Calculus II 1

SMA 2175 Computer Programming II 1

SMA 2273 Applied Mathematics I 1

ECE 2114 Engineering Drawing II 1

EME 2106 Workshop Practice 1

SZL 2100 HIV and AIDS (audited)

UNIT CODE UNIT TITLE UNITS

HRD 2103 General Economics 1

SMA 2270 Calculus III 1

ECE 2202 Surveying I 1

ECE 2203 Fluid Mechanics I 1

ECE 2204 Strength of Materials I 1

ECE 2205 Theory of structures I 1

ECE 2206 Civil Engineering Materials I 1

ECE 2207 Engineering Drawing III 1

SMA 2271 Ordinary Differential Equations 1

SMA 2272 Statistics 1

ECE 2211 Surveying II 1

ECE 2212 Fluid Mechanics II 1

ECE 2213 Civil Engineering Materials II 1

ECE 2214 Strength of Material II 1

ECE 2215 Theory of Structures II 1

ECE 2216 Engineering Drawing IV 1

ECE 2217++ Practical Attachment I (8 Weeks)

UNIT CODE UNIT TITLE UNITS

SMA 2370 Calculus IV 1

ECE 2302 Engineering Geology 1

ECE 2303 Soil Mechanics I 1

ECE 2304 Hydraulics I 1

ECE 2305 Public Health Engineering I 1

ECE 2306 Surveying III 1

ECE 2307 Theory of Structures III 1

ECE 2308 Transportation Planning and Development 1

SMA 2371 Partial Differential Equations 1

ECE 2311 Soil Mechanics II 1

ECE 2312 Hydraulics II 1

ECE 2313 Public Health Engineering II 1