People vs Sendaydiego, et. al.

G.R. No. L-33254 and 33253

January 20, 1978

Facts:

In these three cases of malversation through falsification, the prosecution's theory is

that in 1969 Licerio P. Sendaydiego, the provincial treasurer of Pangasinan, in
conspiracy with Juan Samson y Galvan, an employee of a lumber and hardware store
in Dagupan City, and with Anastacio Quirimit, the provincial auditor, as an
accomplice, used six (6) forged provincial vouchers in order to embezzle from the
road and bridge fund the total sum of P57,048.23.

The provincial voucher in these cases has several parts. In the upper part with the
legend "ARTICLE OR SERVICE" the nature of the obligation incurred is indicated.
That part is supposed to be signed by two officials of the provincial engineer's office
and by the governor's representative.

The middle part of the voucher contains five numbered printed paragraphs.

Paragraph 1 is a certificate to be signed by the creditor. It is stated therein that the

creditor vouches that the expenses "were actually and necessarily incurred". In the
instant cases paragraph 1 was not signed presumably because it is not relevant to the
purchase of materials for public works projects. Paragraph 2 is a certification that the
expenses are correct and have been lawfully incurred. It is signed by the provincial
engineer. Paragraph 3 contains these words: "Approved for pre-audit and payment,
appropriations and funds being available therefore." This is signed by the provincial
treasurer. Paragraph 4 is a certification which, as filed up in Exhibit K, Voucher No.
10724 dated February 28, 1969, certifying that the voucher has been pre-audited and
signed by the auditor. Paragraph 5 is a certification signed by the provincial treasurer
that the account mentioned in the provincial engineer's certification "was paid in the
amount and on the date shown below and is chargeable as shown in the summary
hereof. " It may be noted that the provincial treasurer signs two part of the voucher.

Issue:
Whether or not appellants are liable for the crimes of falsicification of public
documents and six crimes of malversation?

Held:

Samson is convicted of six crimes of falsification of a public document and six crimes
of malversation. In lieu of the penalties imposed by the trial court, he is sentenced to
the following penalties: For each of the six falsification of the vouchers (Exh. K, O, P,
Q, R and S), Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of two (2) years of
prison correccional minimum, as minimum, to four (4) years of prision correccional
medium, as maximum, and to pay a fine of three thousand pesos. For the
malversation of the sum of P16,727.52 covered by voucher No. 10724 (Exh. K),
Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of twelve (12) years of prision
mayor maximum, as minimum, to seventeen (17) years of reclusion temporal medium,
as maximum; to pay a fine in the amount of P16,727.52, and to indemnify the province
of Pangasinan in the same amount (Criminal Case NO. 23349, L-33252). For the
malversation of the sum of P14,571.81 covered by voucher No. 11995 (Exh. O),
Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of twelve (12) years of prision
mayor maximum, as minimum, to seventeen (17) years of reclusion temporal medium,
as maximum; to pay a fine in the sum of P14,571.81, and to indemnify the province of
Pangasinan in the same amount (Criminal Case No. 23351, L-33254). For the
malversation of the sum of P6,290.60 covered by voucher No. 11870 (Exh. Q), Samson
is sentenced to an indertiminate penalty of nine (9) years of prision mayor medium, as
minimum, to thirteen (13) years of reclusion temporal minimum, as maximum; to pay a
fine of P6,290.60, and to indemnify the province of Pangasinan in the same amount
(Criminal Case No. 23350, L-33253). For the malversation of the sum of P9,769.64
covered by voucher No. 11871 (Exh. R), Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate
penalty of nine (9) years of prision mayor medium, as minimum, to thirteen (13) years
of reclusion temporal minimum, as maximum; to pay a fine of P9,769.64, and to
indemnify the province of Pangasinan in the same amount (Criminal Case No. 23350,
L-33253). For the malversation of the sum of P5,187.28, covered by voucher No. 11869
(Exh. P), Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of five (5) years of prision
correccional maximum, as minimum, to eight (8) of prision mayor minimum, as
maximum; to pay a fine of P5,187.28, and to indemnify the province of Pangasinan in
the same amount (Criminal Case No. 23350, L-33253).

For the malversation of the sum of P4,501.38 covered by voucher no. 11872 (Exh. S),
Samson is sentenced to an indeterminate penalty of five (5) years of prision
correccional maximum, as minimum, to eight (8) years of prision mayor minimum, as
maximum; to pay a fine of P4,501.38, and to indemnify the province of Pangasinan in
the same amount (Criminal Case No. 23350, L-33253). In the service of the twelve
penalties meted to Samson, the threefold limit provided for in article 70 of the Revised
Penal Code should be observed (People vs. Escares, 102 Phil. 677), meaning that the
maximum penalty that he should serve is three times the indeterminate sentence of
twelve (12) years to seventeen (17) years, the severest penalty imposed on him, or
thirty-six (36) years to fifty-one (51) years (see People vs. Peñas, 68 Phil. 533). The
maximum duration of his sentences should not exceed forty (40) years (Penultimate
par. of art. 70; People vs. Alisub, 69 Phil. 362; People vs. Concepcion, 59 Phil. 518, 68
Phil. 530 and 69 Phil. 58).

The estate of the late Licerio P. Sendaydiego is ordered to indemnify the province of
Pangasinan in the sum of P57,048.23. Samson and the said estate are solitarily liable
for the said indemnity (Art. 110, Revised Penal Code). Samson should pay one-half of
the costs. SO ORDERED.