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Para realizar este análisis, se debieron tener en cuenta distintos escenarios que se
pueden llegar a producir para un evento de lluvia. Estos escenarios se crearon en
base a simulaciones de crecidas utilizando modelos estocásticos y con variado
número de eventos y, así, abarcar en buena medida lo que se podría llegar a
producir en un evento de lluvia. Para crear estas simulaciones, se utilizó la
información meteorológica de entre 30 y 50 años, obtenida de estaciones DGA, lo
que se utilizó para obtener la precipitación total de la cuenca.
The need of manage in an optimal way the water resources in the world, makes
indispensable to verify the features of different management methods in reservoirs.
In this project, the applicability of methodology not used in Chile was analyzed
specifically the Giron method used in Spain reservoirs, which was compared under
different views in a study case located in the sixth Region of Chile. The applicability
of this method was analyzed considering both the safety of the dam and the safety
downstream of it.
To make this analysis, the different scenarios that can be produced for a rain event
should be considered. These scenarios were created based on flood simulations
using stochastic models and with a large number of events, and thus, to a large
extent, cover what could be produced in a rain event. To create these simulations,
we used the meteorological information between 30 and 50 years, obtained from
DGA stations, which was used to obtain the total precipitation of the basin.
Discharged flows, in combination with the evolution of the reservoir levels, were
compared in such a way as to verify with certainty, what are the strength and
weakness of the applied method, and to ensure the applicability of this.
The Giron method, based on gates operation depending on the point where the input
hydrograph is located, helps to significantly reduce the time of discharge of the
reservoir, compared to the discharge of a reservoir without gates as a spillway. It
should be noted that both the maximum output flows, as the maximum levels and
volumes are quite large, compared to a reservoir without gates. However, there is
no indication that any risk can be produced for the dam or for downstream safety, so
that, if there is no other rule that prevents release of the flows indicated by this
method, the model is fully applicable.