Geography

Lecture Notes, Study Materials and Important questions answers

Subject : Geography
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE
Human and their Environment
1. Human and their Environment - Answer (click here)
2. The impacts of science technology and industrialization on environment
- Answer (click here)
3. Earth System Science - Answer (click here)

Earth System Science

1. The Earth system - Answer (click here)
2. The Planetary System and The Solar System - Answer (click here)

ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
Lithosphere and Tectonic Plates
1. Lithosphere and tectonic plates - Answer (click here)
2. Lithosphere : Convergent Boundary - Answer (click here)
3. The Continents and its features - Answer (click here)
4. Classification of Rocks : Igneous, Sedimentary, Metamorphic rocks -
Answer (click here)
5. Weathering and Products of Weathering - Answer (click here)

Hydrosphere and Currents

1. Hydrosphere : Sea and Ocean Differance - Answer (click here)
2. Ocean Floor topography - Answer (click here)
3. Ocean Wave, The Currents : 4 currents of North Atlantic Ocean Gyre -
Answer (click here)
4. E1 Nino years and La Nino years - Answer (click here)
Atmosphere and Solar Radiation
1. Atmosphere and Solar Radiation - Answer (click here)
2. Layers of the Atmosphere - Answer (click here)
3. Ozone - Depleting Substances and Urban heat islands - Answer (click here)

BIOTIC COMPONENTS
Nutrient Cycles and Ecosystems
1. Nutrient cycles and ecosystems - Answer (click here)
2. The Carbon Cycle - Answer (click here)
3. The Nitrogen Cycle - Answer (click here)
4. The Phosphorous Cycle - Answer (click here)
5. Major Components of an Ecosystem and Ecosystem Types - Answer (click
here)

The Biomes : Natural and Agricultural

1. Natural Biomes : Forests, Grasslands, Deserts, Tundra - Answer (click here)
2. Agricultural Biome : 1.Nutrients 2.Seeds: 3.Water 4.Agri Chemical
Products - Answer (click here)

Ecosystem Management and Conservation

1. Ecosystem - Concept Maps - Answer (click here)
2. Ecosystem management and conservation : Current Extinction Rates -
Answer (click here)

THEORY BIOSPHERE
Plants, Animals and Humans
1. Biosphere : Plants and Animals, The Biomes - Answer (click here)
2. The forest biomes : Coniferous, Temperate, Tropical forests - Answer
(click here)
3. Temperate And Tropical Grassland Biomes - Answer (click here)
4. Cold and Tropical deserts Biomes - Answer (click here)
5. Harvesting Forests and Shrinking Forests - Answer (click here)
6. Sea Ecosystems - Answer (click here)

The Human Potential

 1. Human Evolution and Human Civilisations - Answer (click here)
2. Growth, Distribution and Density - Answer (click here)
3. Structure, Composition and Population Explosion - Answer (click here)
4. Malthus- Population Theory and Marx's Ideas on Population - Answer
(click here)

HUMAN MADE ECOSYSTEMS I

Settlement Systems
1. Human-made ecosystems : settlement systems - Answer (click here)
2. Classification of Settlements - Answer (click here)
3. Urban Growth and Problems - Answer (click here)
4. Central Place Theory - Answer (click here)

Industrial Systems
1. Classification of Industrial systems - Answer (click here)
2. Industrial System : Functional Characteristics and linkage - Answer (click
here)
3. Factors of Industrial Location - Answer (click here)
4. Theory of Industrial Location : Weber's Theory of Location - Answer
(click here)

Trade Systems
1. Role of Geographical Factors in Trade - Answer (click here)
2. Geographical and Stage of Technological Development - Answer (click
here)
3. Geographical Trade Types - Answer (click here)
4. Geographical Trade Blocs - Answer (click here)
5. Benefits from Trade Blocs and Trade Trap and the Fall of Markets -
Answer (click here)

HUMAN MADE ECOSYSTEMS II

Transport and Communication Systems
1. Human-made ecosystems : Transport and communication systems -
Answer (click here)
2. Human-made ecosystems : Transport Systems and Transport Types -
Answer (click here)
3. Transport Types and Classification : Road, Train, Sea, Air - Answer (click
 here)
4. The Cargo Traffic - Answer (click here)
5. Ecosystems : Information and Communication Systems : Technological,
Technical Development - Answer (click here)
6. Importance of Information Technology - Answer (click here)
7. Communication Revolution - Answer (click here)

Space Technologies
1. Remote Sensing Systems : Types and Uses - Answer (click here)
2. Classification of Satellite Remote Sensing : Geo, Sun, Spy Satellites -
Answer (click here)
3. Elements of Remote Sensing Systems - Answer (click here)
4. Uses of Remote Sensing - Answer (click here)
5. Indian Space Programme - Answer (click here)
6. Water, a Valuable Resource - Answer (click here)
7. Water: Quantity and Quality - Answer (click here)
8. Quantity of Water - Answer (click here)
9. Quality of Water - Answer (click here)
10. Water Based, Related and Waterborne Diseases - Answer (click here)
11. Water Supply and Demand and Drinking Water Scarcity - Answer (click
here)

ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONS MANAGEMENT

Global Freshwater
1. Global freshwater : Urbanisation - Answer (click here)
2. Global fresh water : Industrialisation - Answer (click here)
3. Land and Water Pollution - Answer (click here)
4. Water Ethics and Management, Irrigation, Political Dimension - Answer
(click here)
5. Water Management and Basin Management - Answer (click here)
6. Water Supply and Sanitation - Answer (click here)
7. Disaster, Hazard and Vulnerability, the Meaning - Answer (click here)
8. Resilience and Emergency - Answer (click here)

Natural Disasters
1. Disaster Management, Mitigation and Prevention - Answer (click here)
2. Earthquakes and Landslides - Answer (click here)
3. The Turkey Earthquake 1999 - Answer (click here)
 4. Disasters and Health Epidemic, Emergency Response to Disasters -
Answer (click here)
5. Global Warming - Answer (click here)
6. Floods as Hazard and Major Flood Disasters in world - Answer (click here)
7. Flood Warning and Emergency Planning - Answer (click here)
8. Desertification - Answer (click here)
9. Advancing Deserts of the World - Answer (click here)
10. Programmes and Projects - Desertification and Drought in India - Answer
(click here)

Conservation and Resource Management

1. Conservation and resource management - Answer (click here)
2. History of Conservation and Resource Management - Answer (click here)
3. History of Conservation and Resource Management In the mid-20th
century - Answer (click here)
4. Water Resources Management and Conservation Techniques - Answer
(click here)
5. Rainwater Harvesting and Techniques - Answer (click here)
6. Inter-State River Linkages - Answer (click here)

MAP INTERPRETATION AND SURVEYING

Map Interpretation
1. Map interpretation : Basic Map Components (Parts) - Answer (click here)
2. Map interpretation : Basic Principles of Map Reading - Answer (click here)
3. Suggested, Sequential Learning of Map Skills - Answer (click here)
4. Weather Maps and Images Interpretation - Answer (click here)
5. Map Symbols for Weather and Clouds - Answer (click here)
6. Weather Maps : Winds - Low, High - Answer (click here)
7. Weather Forecasting and its Methods - Answer (click here)

Surveying
GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Database Management Systems and Geographical Information
systems
1. What is Geographical Information System? - Answer (click here)
2. Database Management Systems - Databases - Answer (click here)
 3. Applications of Geographical Information Systems - Answer (click here)

Global Positioning Systems

1. Global Positioning System (GPS) is a Satellite Navigation System -
Answer (click here)
2. Carrier Phase Tracking (Surveying): An Application of GPS - Answer
(click here)