FLUID MECHANICS

PRESENTATION ON

FLOW THROUGH PIPE

SUBMITTED BY:-

1.BIJAY SHANKER PANDEY(14UME020)

2.PRASHANT JEET(14UME021)
 Learning Objective
1.Losses in pipe(Major and Minor losses)
2.Flow through pipe in series,parallel and equivalent
pipe

9/15/2017
 ENERGY LOSSES IN PIPE
• When a fluid is flowing through a pipe, the fluid
experiences some resistance due to which some of the
energy of fluid is lost.

1.MAJOR
ENERGY LOSSES 2.MINOR
:- This is due to ENERGY LOSSES
friction.
LOSS OF ENERGY DUE TO FRICTION
 A.Darcy- Weisbach Formula:-The loss of head in pipes due
to friction is calculated by this formula,and is given by;

Where; loss of head due to friction

f=co-efficient of friction which is function of Reynolds number

L=length of pipe
V=mean velocity of flow
d=diameter of pipe
(b).Chezy’s Formula for loss of head due to friction in pipes:- it is
expressed as;

where;

c=Chezy’s constant
MINOR ENERGY LOSSES
 The loss of energy due to change of velocity of the
following fluid in magnitude or direction is called
minor loss of energy. The minor loss of energy
includes;-1)Loss of head due to sudden enlargement
2)Loss of head due to sudden contraction
3)Loss of head due to bend in pipe
4)Loss of head in various pipe fittings.
5)Loss of head due to an obstruction in pipe
6)Loss of head due to bend in pipe
7)Loss of head due to various pipe fitting
1.Loss of head due to sudden enlargement:-

2.Loss of head due to sudden contraction:-

3.Loss of head at the entrance of the pipe:-

4.Loss of head at the exit of the pipe:-

5.Loss of head due to an obstruction in the pipe:

6.Loss of head due to bend in a pipe:-

7.Loss of head in various pipe fitting:-

1)Flow through pipe in series or flow through
compound pipe:-If a pipe line connecting two reserviour is
made up several pipes of different diameter D1,D2,D3 etc..,and length
L1,L2,L3, etc...all connected in series(end to end),then the system is
called pipes in series,in such case.
a)The difference in liquid surface level in this two reserviour is equal to
sum of the head losses in all the section.
i.e.,
FIG:-Flow through pipe in series
2.FLOW THROUGH PIPE IN PARALLEL:-
When a main pipe line divides into two or more parallel pipes which again join
together downstream side and continue as a main line,the pipe are said to be
parallel.
3.FLOW THROUGH EQUIVALENT PIPE:-
Often a compound pipe consisting of several pipes of
varying diameter and length is to be replaced by a
pipe of uniform diameter, known as Equivalent
pipe.The uniform diameter of equivalent pipe is
known as Equivalent diameter.
THANKING YOU