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resonance peak in a Supermalloy specimen for a cally for a plane surface. The derivation of the
field strength near 5000 oersted when using a resonance condition is intimately related to the
frequency near 24, 000 Mc/sec. The measured Q nature of the demagnetizing field, and it is
of their cavity dropped sharply from a value of reasonable to expect that the equation will de-
several thousand on either side of resonance to a pend on the shape of the specimen. It turns out,
value of several hundred at resonance. for example, that the resonance condition in a
small sphere of ferromagnetic material is given
' J. H. E. Griffiths, Nature 158, 670 (1946).
sW. A. Yager and R. M. Bozorth, Phys. Rev. 12, 80 by the Larmor equation coo=aH, .
(1947).
' C. Kittel, Phys. Rev. 7'1, 270 (1947). ' F. Bloch, Phys. Rev. 'VO, 460 (1946),
CHARLES K I TTEL
I"
o6
4J
since the expression on the right is the torque
acting on a unit volume. This equation may be
tL.
u.
tis
written
dM/dt=yM XH.
FREE
E LECTRON SPIN
We now consider the resonance condition for a
general ellipsoid with principal axes parallel to
the x, y, s axes of the coordinate system. The
5 IO I5 20 25 30 X 10&
FREQUENCY IN .MEGACYCLES/SEC. demagnetizing factors are N„N„, The static
¹
4 6 8
Plane: —
fp 0.
APPLIED MAGNETIC FIELO IN KILO-OERSTEOS
those worked out above for cobalt. The numerical IO (100) DIRECTION
8f/8s = Kt sin2s c—
os2s = X,'M, ' sins, (24)
O 4
C
U.
detail because of uncertainty" as to the actual eHect is determined by the imaginary part of the
domain structure of the crystal in the relevant complex wave number k=k~ — jkg, which de-
range of field strength. scribes the spatial variation of the magnetic
One may treat magnetostrictive energy due to field within a conducting surface according to an
strains on the same basis as the anisotropy equation of the form II, e &~&=e-~»e &'~». From
energy, so that one would expect the resonance the diA'erential equation for eddy currents one
condition to depend on the state of strain of the finds
material.
Neglecting products of small quantities, Eqs. is therefore an ellipse; at resonance the ratio of
(4) and (30) reduce to the following, where we the principal axes is (B,/H. ) &, with the long axis
have assumed solutions of the form H„M„M„ parallel to the plane surface of the specimen and
exp+(oot — ky) j: the short axis normal to the surface.