Module 11 – Types of Memory

I. Introduction
a. Energizer/Activity
b. Trivia/Fun facts
c. Definition of Memory
i. Memory
ii. Information-processing model
1. Encoding, Storage, Retrieval
II. Body
a. Three Stages of Memory (Brief discussion/Intro)
i. Brief background of the authors
ii. Sensory Memory
iii. Short-Term Memory
iv. Long-Term Memory
b. Sensory Memory: Recording
i. Iconic Memory
1. Definition
2. Examples
ii. Echoic Memory
1. Definition
2. Examples
iii. Functions of Sensory Memory
c. Short-Term Memory: Working
i. Definition (Short-term memory & Working memory)
ii. Two features
1. Limited duration
2. Limited capacity
iii. Chunking
iv. Functions of Short-Term Memory
d. Long-Term Memory: Storing
i. Memory as a process (Sensory images -> Retrieval)
ii. Features of Long-Term Memory
iii. Separate Memory Systems
1. Primacy vs. Recency
2. Short-Term vs. Long-Term Memory
iv. Declarative vs. Procedural or Nondeclarative
1. Declarative Memory
a. Definition
b. Explicit Memory
c. Semantic Memory
d. Episodic Memory
2. Procedural or Nondeclarative
a. Definition
b. Implicit Memory
e. Research Focus: Strengthening Episodic Memories
 i. Memories of Emotional Events (The study of James McGaugh)
1. Hypothesis
2. Participants
3. Procedure
4. Results and Conclusion
ii. Memories of Amnesia Patients
1. Definition of Amnesia
2. Examples of Amnesia
f. Encoding: Transferring
i. Definition of Encoding
ii. Two Kinds of Encoding
1. Automatic Encoding
a. Definition
b. Personal events
c. Interesting facts
d. Skills and habits
2. Effortful Encoding
a. Definition
b. Application
iii. Rehearsing and Encoding
1. Maintenance Rehearsal
2. Elaborative Rehearsal
iv. Levels of Processing
1. Levels-of-processing theory
2. Examples/Application
v. Repressed Memories
1. Recovered Memories (Example)
2. Definition of Repressed Memories (Example)
3. Therapist’s Role in Recovered Memories (Example)
4. Implanting False Memories (Example)
5. Accuracy of Recovered Memories
III. Conclusion
a. Cultural Diversity: Oral vs. Written
i. Explain the differences in the culture of the United States and that of Africa
b. Application: Unusual Memories
i. Photographic Memory (Definition & Example)
ii. Extraordinary Episodic Memory/Super-memory abilities (Definition & Example)
iii. Super Memory for Faces/Super-Recognizers (Definition & Example)
c. Flashbulb Memory
i. Definition
ii. Impact & Accuracy
iii. Most-remembered Events
iv. Remote Historical Events
v. Brains and Hormones
vi. Pictures vs. Impressions
vii. Examples of Flashbulb Memories
d. Activities/Posttest