7/17/2014 Water Level Controller and Indicator using 8051 Microcontroller

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Water Level Controller using 8051 Microcontroller

June 26, 2014 By Administrator Leave a Comment

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This article explains you how to detect and control the water level in an overhead tank or any other
container. This system monitors the water level of the tank and automatically switches ON the motor
when ever tank is empty. The motor is switched OFF when the overhead tank or container is FULL. Here
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 7/17/2014 Water Level Controller and Indicator using 8051 Microcontroller

theHave
wateryou
level of the
seen ourtank
newisElectronics
indicated on LCD (Liquid
Projects crystal
Android Display). Using this system, we can avoid th
app.
334 overflow of the water. We haveIt'salready
free. seen How water level indicator circuit works using AVR
Microcontroller in the earlier post. But, here we are designing the circuit which is used to detect and
Like control the water level automatically in overhead tank using 8051 microcontroller.

In this system water sensing can be done by using a set of 4 wires which are placed at different levels in
tank. DC supply probe is placed at the base of the tank.

Water Level Controller using 8051 Circuit Principle:

Tw eet
This system mainly works on a principle that “water conducts electricity”. The four wires which are
dipped into the tank will indicate the different water levels. Based on the outputs of these wires,
StumbleUpon
microcontroller displays water level on LCD as well as controls the motor.
Submit

Water Level Controller using 8051 Circuit Diagram:

Circuit Diagram of Water Level Controller using 8051 Microcontroller

Circuit Components:

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7/17/2014 Water Level Controller and Indicator using 8051 Microcontroller

At89c51 controller
At89c51 programming board.
16*2 LCD
5V Relay
Bc547 (NPN) transistors – 5
Resistors (1K) – 4
Resistor – 330 ohm
AC Motor
Pot – 10k
Programming cable
Connecting wires

Water Level Controller using 8051 Circuit Design:

The main heart of this project is AT89C51 microcontroller. The water level probes are connected to the
P3.0, P3.1, P3.2, and P3.3 through the transistors. Port P2 connected to the data pins of LCD and control
pins RS, RW and EN of LCD are connected to the P1.0, P1.1, and P1.2 respectively.

Initially when tank is empty, LCD will display the message EMPTY and motor runs automatically. When
water level reaches to quarter level, now LCD displays QUARTER and still motor runs. For further levels,
LCD displays the messages HALF and ¾ FULL.

When tank is full, LCD displays FULL and motor automatically stops. Again motor runs when tank is
empty.

Related Post: Also read the interesting concept about How water level alarm circuit
works using 555 Timer.

Algorithm for Water Level Controller Circuit:

First configure the controller pins P3.0, P3.1, P3.2 and P3.3 as inputs and P3.4 as output.
Now initialize the LCD.
Continuously check the water level input pins P3.0, P3.1, P3.2, and P3.3
If all the pins are low then display tank is empty on LCD and make P3.4 pin high to run the motor
automatically.
High pulse on the pin P3.0 indicates quarter level, display the same thing on LCD.

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7/17/2014 Water Level Controller and Indicator using 8051 Microcontroller

If P3.1 is high then water level is half.

High pulse on P3.2 indicates 3/4th full of the tank.
If P3.3 is high then tank is full, now make P3.4 pin is low to turn off the motor automatically.

How to Operate Water Level Controller Circuit using 8051

Microcontroller?
1. Initially burn the program to the controller.
2. Now give the connections as per the circuit diagram.
3. While giving the connections, make sure that there is no common connection between AC and DC
supplies.
4. Place the 4 water level indicating wires into the small tank.
5. Switch on the supply, now the motor will run automatically as there is no water in the tank.
6. Now pour the water, when it reaches to quarter level then LCD displays QUARTER on LCD.
7. For further levels it will displays HALF and ¾ FULL on LCD.
8. Still if you pour the water then LCD displays FULL and motor turns off automatically when the tank
full.
9. Switch off the motor supply and board supply.

Get an idea about How to Interface 7 Segment Display with 8051 Microcontroller

Water Level Controller Circuit Advantages:

Human effort is reduced as the system controls the motor automatically based on the water level.
This system consumes less power.
Simple and more reliable.

Applications of Water Level Controller Circuit using 8051

Used in big buildings where the manual monitoring is difficult.
Used in industries to control the liquid level automatically.

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7/17/2014 Water Level Controller and Indicator using 8051 Microcontroller

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