Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Internal
Processing
• Purchases • Customer Shipments
• Customer Returns • Vendor Returns
• Transfers • Transfers
• Outside • Outside Processing
Processing supplier- components and
• Pick • Assembly
sourced components resources in work in
• Pack • Storage
and resources in your process
• Inspection • Move
manufacturing processes
• Count • Replenish
Function of a Warehouse
in a Supply Chain
Supplier Consolidation
B A B C Customer
B Warehouse
C
Supplier
C
A
C B
C C
Supplier C
Customer
C
Companies with global supply chains are particularly well positioned to benefit
from Cross-Dock operations, a process at distribution centers in which
product is exchanged between trucks so that each truck going to a retail store
has products from different suppliers.
Sursa Depozit A
Supplier Break-Bulk
A A A A Customer
A Warehouse
Customer
Pallet Storage
Warehouse
Receive Putaway Store Pick Ship
shipping, which requires picking the items from storage and combining
them into orders. Shipping
Storage
Receiving
Warehousing Trends
- From Warehouse to Distribution Centre (DC) -
- From DC to Omni-channel DC –
The supply chain of the future is
more about pieces than pallets
VAS
Storage
Distribution
Center
Cross Dock
Consolidate/
Receive Putaway Store Pick VAS Cross-Docking/ Ship
Break- Bulk
• Receiving (unloading,
verifying, inspecting)
Replenish
Reserve Forward Picking • Putaway or cross-
Storage O
Pi rd
docking
ck er
in
g
Order Picking
• Order picking,
Packing, Sorting
replenishment
Putaway
• Sortation, packing
y
& Unitizing
wa
• Shipping (verifying,
ta
Pu
loading)
Receiving
Cross-docking
Shipping • Within storage areas:
consolidation,
rewarehousing, cycle
counting
General structure of warehousing process
Aviz/Factura
Sortarea/
pregatirea
comenzilor
ASN*-advanced shipping notification pentru livrare
Warehouse Space Requirements
Resources
Activities Space Labor Knowledge
Receive Receiving Dock Receiving Crew Purchase Order, ASN or
(Receptie) (operatori receptie) manifest
Put items away Storage Receiving Crew Layout of space, handling
(depozitare) equipment
Pick to orders Storage/pick stations Pickers Customer orders
(Preluare,colectare (operatorii de
comenzi) pregatire comenzi )
Stage and Load Staging / Shipping Area Loaders Customer order,
(Stivuirea si Manipulanti marfa, Transport information
incarcarea Motostivuitoristi
comenzilor pe rute)
Receiving
*sku (stock keeping unit) is the smallest physical unit of product that is tracked
by the organization.
Replenishment – multiple fast pick
area
Order Picking
Colectarea produselor din comanda pe
baza notei de colectare
Reserve Forward Order Sort &
Receive Putaway Replenish Ship
Storage Pick Pick Pack
or Piece picking
Example: Cartons Picking
Cartons are picked from pallet flow rack Cartons are picked from Gravity Flow Rack
onto a conveyor – direct picking from (plan inclinat) onto a conveyor – multiple
reserve area. fast picking area
See the next slide to see an other way of
cartons picking
Carton Picking from Pallet Rack
Sortiment
Picking methods description
Release Description Pickers Line Periods Pros Cons
Method Per Items per
Order Per Shift
Pick
Discrete A single order is filled. Single Single Single simple, risk of picking errors least productive, excessive
Picking of omission is reduced, travel time, relatively low
One person picks one
provides fastest response in number of orders picked
(Pickingul order, one product at a
a service window simultaneously, greater
pe time. Orders are not
environment, picking risk of picking area
comanda) scheduled and may be
accuracy accountable to a congestion
picked at any time on a
single person, little
particular day.
coordination with other
1 operator/comanda pickers required, no space
required for order
consolidation, and relatively
low control system
sophistication required
Zone The total pick area is Multiple Single Single flexible with different skills Multiple pickers
Picking organized into distinct or equipment associated accountable for picking
zones managed by one with a hybrid warehouse, accuracy, high
Pickingul
person responsible for reduced travel coordination with other
pe statii de
picking all lines for each time/congestion/delays due pickers required, space
colectare
order that are in her to the ability to further and coordination required
Pick and
zone. Two variations of subdivide zones, relatively for order consolidation
Pass
zone picking include: high number of orders
Sequential zone picking, picked simultaneously,
when the order is reduced picking area
passed from one zone to congestion
the next, one at a time.
Simultaneous zone
picking, when the order
is consolidated in a
designated location after
zone picking is done
from all applicable zones
independently.
Picking methods description
(continued)
Release Description Pickers Line Periods Pros Cons
Method Per Items per
Order Per Shift
Pick
Batch Picking A group of orders Single Multiple Single greater productivity, best for risk of picking and sorting
are filled at the orders with few (1-4) lines errors, coordination
Pickingul
same time, one line and small cube, reduced required between bulk
consolidat al
at a time by one travel time, drastically picking and individual
comenzilor
order picker. reduced picker travel time, order sortation , individual
very high number of orders order processing time
picked simultaneously dependent upon total
batch processing time,
space required for
individual order sortation,
residual product handling
can be relatively high,
relatively high control
system sophistication
Wave Picking Orders may be Single Single Multiple better coordination with Risk of productivity loss if
released in waves shipping shipping schedule is
Pickingul pe
timing (hourly or unbalanced
loturi de
each morning or
comenzi
afternoon)
according to the
schedules of
outgoing vehicles.
One picker picks one
order one line at a
time.
Picking methods description
(continued)
Release Description Pickers Line Periods Pros Cons
Method Per Items per Shift
Order Per Pick
Zone- Each picker is assigned a Multiple Multiple Single Potential for higher requires more control due
Batch zone, and will pick a part of productivity to complexity in nature
Picking one or more orders,
depending on which lines
Mixul de
are stocked in the assigned
picking
zone.
Zone-
Batch
Zone- Each picker is assigned a Multiple Single Multiple Potential for higher requires workload
Wave zone, and picks all lines for productivity balancing between pick
Picking all orders stocked in the zones
assigned zone.
Zone- Each picker is assigned a Multiple Multiple Multiple Potential for higher requires more control due
Batch- zone, and picks all lines for productivity to complexity in nature
Wave orders stocked in the
Picking assigned zone.
Mobile cart Use Pick Cart Picking issued by combines pick-to-light, voice
picking order management systems automation and RF technology to
and allowed multiple enable fulfillment of low-velocity
customers orders picking in items, enhanced mobility and go-
the same time (Batch Pick to anywhere flexibility
Cart*-multi-order pick-to-
tote)
Put-wall* Provide goods-to-person reduces likelihood of counting
systems fulfillment for multi-line, errors, improves productivity
mixed and single SKU orders
AS/RS Provide goods-to-person Increase labor productivity, space
systems fulfillment using AS/RS savings and improve pickings
solutions accuracy
O metoda de picking poate utiliza ambele sisteme de picking (person to good and
good to person – a mix of automated and manual processes) prin implementarea unei
solutii software de WS Inventory Management.
The integrated solution utilizes a pick and pass fulfillment strategy with a batch cart
that moves between automated and traditional zone. See example below.**
Develop a Pick Size Classification Scheme
Next develop a classification scheme for picks based on the size of the pick. Usually
designers will use pallet”, “case”, and “piece” pick sizes
Order #1
After the different groups of
Order #2 orders have been
identified, the designer has to
make a decision about how
each group of orders will be
picked.
Batch Picking Example*
A group of orders are filled at the same time, one line at a time by
one order picker.
Consolidarea
comenzilor pe linii
Dupa colectare
de produse,
exista riscul
anterior procesului
aparitiei erorilor la
de picking
sortarea si
alocarea articolelor
pe comenzile
clientilor.
Mobile Cart Picking Systems
Wave/Batch Order Picking
Ideal for large number of small item with low demand
Order Management Setup Pick Cart Setup Pick Cart Pick Cart Picking
Distanțele de mers pe jos sunt reduse la minimum prin selectarea mai multor
comenzi dintr-o dată.. Avantajul major al programului Pick to Cart este că etapa
de consolidare care durează mult după alegerea loturilor nu mai este necesară.
Wave / Batch Picking Equipment
Cart picking is a great technique where shipping boxes can placed directly into the carts
location, no separate packing process is necessary, once the order picking process is
complete, close and label the box shipping. An application of picking carts could be used
for both broken-case and case picks simultaneously.
Comenzile clientilor sunt colectate in regim batch intr-un cos comun care
apoi este adus in zona PUT TO WALL. Aici dupa scanarea fiecarui articol se
aprinde un bec frontal care indica in ce cosulet trebuie depus articolul.
Fiecare cosulet reprezinta comanda unui client. Cand comanda clientului s-
a finalizat se aprinde un bec pozitionat in spatele raftului, se tipareste
adresa de livrare si cosuletul este preluat de operator pentru ambalarea
produselor.
Divizarea spatiului de colectare in
Zone Picking
Zone Picking : Scan, Pick and Pass – more picking less travel
Spatiul de picking al produselor este divizat in zone de picking, un operator/zona
de picking. Acesta colecteaza produsele din zona sa si paseaza containerul de
colectare operatorului din zona de picking adiacenta.
Deciding on a Picking Medium
Alegerea sistemului de transmitere a informatiilor de
picking
Paper Picking List
Voice Picking
For each picking approach you
Keep the
need to decide on a mechanism
operator’s
for how picks will be
hands and eyes
communicated to pickers.
free to make
order picking Pick To Light
more efficient.
Improve Picking by using Technology
To maximize picking efficiency, world class warehouse operations had adopted technology
that is some of today’s most advanced systems. In addition to hand-held RF
readers and printers (hands not free), companies are introducing
pick-to-light and voice recognition technology.
Pick-to-light system - an operator will scan a bar-coded label attached to a
box. A digital display located in front of the pick bin will inform the operator of the item
and quantity that they need to pick. Companies are typically using pick-to-light systems
for their top 5 to 20% selling products. Inflexibile and expensive.
Voice picking systems inform the operator of pick instructions through a
headset. The pick instructions are sent via RF from the company’s ERP or order
management software. The system allows operators to perform pick operations without
looking at a computer screen or deal with paper pick tickets. Many world class warehouse
operations have adopted voice picking to complement the pick-to-light systems in place
for their fast moving products. Intense concentrations – not for high picking densities.
Pick-by-Vision – prin utlizarea AR (Realitatea Augumentata). Cu ajutorul unor
ochelari inteligenți operatorul este ghidat în depozit prin afisarea pe lentila ochelarilor a
locatiei de picking si cu ajutorul miniscanerului atasat ochelarilor poate realiza scanarea
codurilor de bare. Proiectul-pilot a demonstrat o creștere a eficienței operatorilor cu 25%.
Pick by robotic and AS/RS technology - Automated Storage & Retrieval System
Pick-to-light system - prezentare
Dupa colectarea produselor se apasa butonul verde Needs WMS and Pick-to-Light Software
Voice picking systems
Checking
Checking
Customer orders arriving at ambient checking. After they are checked and closed,
they are loaded on a cart (far left).
Shipping
(Livrarea)
Reserve Forward Order Sort &
Receive Putaway Replenish Ship
Storage Pick Pick Pack
Shipping
73
DISTRIBUTION CENTER DESIGN - MADE EASY
Top 10 Trends in DC Design
• 36- to 40-foot ceiling heights for stacking, racking, and e-commerce
mezzanines.
• Flat and dry concrete slab surfaces for optimal rack layout, void of any
moisture issues.
• Exterior and interior LED lighting systems, coupled with natural light from
clerestory windows (in favor of traditional roof-mounted skylights).
• Extra car parking areas designed to accommodate e-commerce
employees.
• Deeper truck courts with 100-percent concrete surfaces and specific
trailer storage drop areas.
• "LEED-light" sustainable design, which includes white roof systems,
indigenous plants material, recaptured rainwater, low-flow toilets, fewer
blacktop surfaces, locally sourced construction materials, and bike racks to
encourage alternative commuting.
• Wider column spacing (56 to 60 feet between support beams) to optimize
staging for rack designs and conveyor systems common in e-commerce
facilities.
• Narrow aisle widths to maximize storage capacity (modern materials
handling equipment complements today's tighter aisle configurations).
• Dock equipment tailored to the occupant's specific needs (edge-of-dock,
pit-style, and mechanical load levelers).
• Cross-dock building design to maximize throughput.
Warehouse General Design Criteria
• Warehouse design criteria address physical facility
characteristics and product movement.
• Three factors to be considered in the design
process are:
– the number of stories (etaje) in the facility (depozit),
– height utilization, and
– product flow
77
Warehouse General Design Criteria
1. Number of stories (etaje) in the facility
78
Warehouse General Design Criteria
2. Height utilization
80
Materials Flow, Goods In, Goods Out
In functie de amplasarea principalelor zone – receptie,
depozitare, expeditie – exista trei variante de flux al marfurilor
intr-un depozit :
circulatia marfurilor in
linie dreapta
circulatia marfurilor in
arc de cerc de 90°
circulatia marfurilor
in arc de cerc de 180°
Handling technology
Tehnologia de manipulare a produselor
Material Handling is concerned with the movement of
materials for short distances generally within a warehouse, or
between storage areas and transport
• Right Definition
– Handling technology uses the right method to provide the right
amount of the right material at the right place, at the right time, in
the right sequence, in the right position, in the right condition, and
at the right cost.
• This is a relatively broad definition of material handling.
1.Pallets
2.Boxes
3.Tote pans
4.Skids
5.Optical code or bar code reader
Example
Roller Conveyor
Conveioare cu role
• Rollers attached to side rails supported by a steel frame.
• The type of roller (steel, rubber, and wood) and the spacing of rollers depend on the type
of load to be carried.
• It can be gravity-operated or power-driven.
• Gravity-operated conveyors have a slight downward slope.
• On the power-driven conveyor, some of the rollers are driven by chains or belts to provide
the motion for the material on the conveyor
B. CRANES
(mecanisme de ridicat)
Equipment for raising, shifting, and lowering
heavy weights by means of a projecting
swinging arm or with the hoisting apparatus
supported on an overhead track
TYPES
1. Hoist
2. Jib crane
3. Bridge crane
4. Gantry crane (example)
5. Tower crane (example)
6. Stacker Crane
Gantry Crane Tower Crane
Macara portal Macara pivotanta
Basically a bridge crane with the A hoist that travels on a horizontal
boom supported at one or both boom attached at one end to a
ends by vertical gantry legs vertical post, with the other end
traveling on rails installed at of the boom being supported by a
ground level (instead of on an guy line to the top of the post
overhead runway)
C. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
(Carucioare industriale)
Equipment for carrying loads over varying paths.
TYPES
1. Lift trucks (transpalete)
2. Hand trucks (carucioare manuale)
3. Fork trucks (moto-electrostivuitare)
4. Turret trucks (for VNA rack storage) –
furca se roteste stanga-dreapta)
5. Trailer trains (electrocare)
Hand Carts/Trucks
CARUCIOARE PLATFORMA
LIZA
Hand Lift Truck/Pallet Jack Tractor-Trailer Train
Transpalet Electrocare
This is a series of carts pulled by a
This is a hand-operated truck that can
self-propelled tractor. It is mainly
raise loads hydraulically or
used for stop&go operations
mechanically to clear the floor before
carrying loads within 200 to 300
transporting them to the desired
feet
destination
Power-Driven Platform Truck Forklift Truck
ELECTROSTIVUITOARE si MOTOSTIVUITOARE
Side-loader Truck
Forks on the side
100
Storage Space Layout
Zonare a spatiului de depozitare al depozitului
A zone classifies a set of locations that share common properties.
A zone enables defining constraints for putaway, retrieval, and picking of SKUs in the
warehouse and can also be applied on a user using task management.
A Location is the physical place where inventory is stored.
Modalitati de zonare / impartire a zonelor in depozit
1.Sursele de provenienta Furnizori/Vanzatori
2.Caracteristici similare Utilizare/Functionalitati Forme, Dimensiuni, Greutate
3.
4.
(security
requirements) 5.
6.
frecventa de livrare 7.
echip. stocare si
manipulare 8.
9. Tipul proprietatii Proprii Consignatie Custodie
Temperatura: Ambient 15-25C; Refrigerated – produse refrigerate 2-8 C; Frozen – produse
congelate -6 la -40C
Chimice: Regular – produse normale; Flammable – produse usor inflamabile ; Hazardous -
produse periculoase (prezinta riscuri de scurgere a substantelor ex. clorul, bromul, formarea de
aerosoli)
Storage Space Layout
(Explicarea modalitatilor de zonare a
produselor)
Example: FROZEN ZONE STORAGE
Order-picking
Order-picking in the frozen foods section.
Space is very expensive here because it must
be kept below 32F (0C).
Produsele cele mai vandute (fastest) sunt dispuse de-a lungul aleii principale a depozitului,
celelalte ocupand planuri secundare.
Se micsoreaza timpul de deplasare in procesul de colectare a produselor cu livrare frecventa.
Modalitati de stocare a produselor dupa
caracteristicile fizice
Storage
Heavier ambient product is picked from flow rack.
Produsele mai grele stocate pe un raft gravitational,
aproape de pardoseala.
Stock Location – Conclusion
Modalitati de alocare a spatiilor de stocare a produselor
Produce
Milk
Frozen Foods
Check-
Office Carts
out
• Storage mode
• Space to allocate for each item category.
• Where the items are to be stored.
Recomandare :
Utilizati tehnicile ABC de clasificare a articolelor folosind Popularity-volume
distribution adica utilizarea simultana a informatiile referitoare la numarul total
al liniilor comandate, cantitatile de livrat si volumul total al produselor
comandate (m3 sau greutate).
Zones based on pick frequencies to minimize travel time: from A (high volum &
frequency) to C (Slow Movers)- 80/20 rule applies.
In zona A, aproape de aleia principala, se depoziteaza produsele care au frecventa
mare de livrare, zona B produsele cu frecventa medie de vanzare, zona C produsele
cu frecventa scazuta de livrare.
3D product placement using Pareto
law and ABC Analysis
Simple Pallet Rack Shelving or Static Rack Gravity Flow Rack for small units
Rafturi metalice Rafturi metalice Rafturi metalice
pentru paleti cu polite gravitationale
(stelaje)
Small Unit Storage Equipment
• Bin / Steel Shelving (Rafturi)
• Modular Storage Drawers in Cabinets
• Carton Flow Racks
• Mobile Storage – manual or computer-controlled systems
such as mini-load AS/RS Systems which moves product in
cartons, trays or totes.
• All the above equipment can also be arranged in
mezzanines to get a better exploitation of the building
cube.
Bin Shelving (Rafturi)
Example:
Small Unit Storage Equipment in Images
Modular Storage Pieces Flow Racks Carton Flow Racks
Drawers in Cabinets
Mobile Storage
Pallet Storage Modes
• Floor Storage (Block Stacking)
• Rack Storage
– Drive-in Racks
– Dynamic Flow Through Storage Systems
– Push Back Racks
– Selective Rack Double Deep
– Selective Racks
– Very Narrow Aisle
• Unit-Load AS/RS Systems are larger systems that typically store and
retrieve pallet loads. AS/RS (automated storage and retrieval
systems) are computer-controlled systems that store and retrieve
product in distribution centers, warehouses and manufacturing
facilities.
Floor Storage (Block Stacking)
Stocarea pe pardoseala depozitului
Lane Height
Stocarea marfii
pe pardoseala
Lane Depth depozitului
(3-deep)
Lanes
An efficient storage mode when
• there are multiple pallets per SKU;
• inventory is turned in large increments, I.e., several loads of the same SKU are
received or withdrawn at one time.
Main problems:
• Loss of space due to “honeycombing”
• not effective utilization of the vertical dimension of the facility
Floor Storage or
Block Stacking
For pallet storage
Aisle
• Drive-in Racks
• Dynamic Flow Through Storage Systems
• Push Back Racks
• Selective Rack Double Deep
• Selective Racks
• Very Narrow Aisle
Rack Storage Option
Drive-in Racks
2 deep
5 high
storage
Rack Storage
Selective Racks
Description: Provide storage for one pallet load per
location.
Features:
– Each pallet load can be accessed without handling
other loads.
– For very small lot size
– Typically positioned back to back
– Provides lowest storage density
– 1 times capital cost
Considered for:
– 4 pallets per lot or less
Selective Rack Example
1 deep
5 high
storage
Rack Storage
Very Narrow Aisle
Description: Single deep selective rack with narrow
aisle
Features:
– Typical aisle width of 2m (versus 4 m for conventional
rack)
– Requires specialized fork truck
– Provides for high density storage
– Up to 15 meters in height
– Driver may ride up with the load (operatorul in acelasi
spatiu cu incarcatura)
– Vehicle is usually wire guided.
Considered for:
– High storage density with small lot size (densitate
mare de stocare cu o dimensiune mică a lotului
de produs)
VNA:
Electrostivuitoare
Rack Storage
cu operator in
cabina,
Very Narrow Aisle
manipularea prin
lateral a paletilor
si order picking la
nivel inalt in
culoare foarte
inguste de operare
– maxim 2m
latime, capacitate
nominala de
incarcare
maximum 1.5
tone, in culoare cu
1 deep
ghidaj prin
5 high
telecomanda sau
storage
sine.
Very Narrow
Aisle with Turret
Furca VNA de preluare paleti se roteste stanga-dreapta
Truck inside of aisle
Automated Storage & Retrieval System
(ASRS or AS/RS)
Systems for automatically storing and retrieving loads from defined storage
locations under computer control.
AS/RS - automated storage and retrieval system supported by a warehouse
execution system (WES) permite stocarea automata a articolelor / baxurilor
/ paletilor si colectarea automata a acestora.
Up to 35 fpm
10,000 to 25,000 pound
capacity
10 to 35 feet tall
Option: Pick to Light
Environmental control (clean,
refrigerated or frozen)
Facility Requirements
– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)
– Space
ASRS - Horizontal Carousel
Linked bins rotate horizontally
on oval track - Shelves hold
“small to medium” size
materials.
Up to 90 fpm
300 to 2,500 pound bin
capacity
6-12 foot high
Option: Pick to Light
Option: Auto Extractors
Facility Requirements
– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)
– Space
ASRS – Crane In Aisle
S/R Machine travels horizontally
on floor rail w/ a vertical
moving extractor to store &
retrieve payloads from rack
structure on both sides of aisle.
Facility Requirements
– Power (3Ø & 1Ø)
– Space (higher the better)
– Floor loading on grade
ASRS – Box Picker
Fast controlled-access
storage (small crane in
aisle) for meds & supplies in
bins. Secure or limited
access to 1 bin at a time.
Facility Requirements
– Power (3Ø)
– Location space
Case Study: Buffalo Trace
Distillery is an advanced
distillery and national landmark,
producing, storing and shipping
a variety of alcohol, including
top-shelf bourbon and whiskey.
Buffalo Trace selected Westfalia
Technologies, Inc. as their
partner in the construction of a
new 83,000 square-foot facility
combining 5 buildings
containing finished goods into a
single facility and featuring a
high-density AS/RS with three
storage and retrieval machines.
AS/RS - automated storage and
retrieval system supported by a
warehouse execution
system (WES). See inbound
logistics, april 2016.
Unit Load influence Warehouse Design
• Interdependency between the selection of
– Unit load - size
– Unit load container – size and type
– Pallet - size and type and loading method
– Storage Area – type of racks, storage method, height,
length
– Material Moving Equipments: trailers, forklifts, trucks –
type, size, capacity
Unit load is the unit to be moved or handled at one time.
Unit load – unitatea de incarcatura reprezinta un container sau
palet care contine un singur produs sau mai multe produse. Se
formeaza pentru a fi incarcata in mijloacele de transport pentru
livrare.
Unit Load Principle and Design
• Unit load is the unit to be moved or handled at one time.
• Stackability – …… Stivuire
– Lids or tabs provide this feature
Counting Frequency
• ABC Method
• Zone Method
163
Warehouse Management System (WMS)
WMS is the software system that enables
real-time, paperless control of warehouse
operations.
Requires a “Host” system to interface to
– ERP
– OMS (Order Management System)
– Purchase Order data, Sales Order data,
Item Master data
Features
• Inbound (receiving) and outbound
(shipping) operations management
• order management
• yard management (dock door scheduling
functionality most helpful in coordinating
the activities of both the transportation
Achievable WMS goals include: and warehousing departments)
• greater customer satisfaction through • labor or workforce management - Labor
is one of the largest cost drivers in the
shorter cycle times warehouse,
• 100% accurate deliveries • warehouse optimization (space, labor, WS
• better utilization of warehouse resources internal operations) using slotting, Task
Management (easily move people to
• inventory reduction urgency tasks)
• increased productivity. • Others – value-added services,
social media type functionality for private
online chat, etc
WMS at a glance
Automated materials-
handling equipment
interfaces
Determina locul de
poziționare al remorcii
pentru incarcare
Yard Management System: In some suppliers’ systems, YMS belongs to WMS, in other to TMS.
Implement an alert system between WMS and TMS using common master data and users interface.
Example: TMS sends an alert when a truck is delayed and will not arrive at a dock at the expected
time with impact on customer orders (change or are cancelled..), work shift, etc
ERP WMS advantages vs BOB WMS
• Avoidance of redundant functionality issues
• Eliminate the interfacing difficulties being an integral part of the ERP system
• Real time data synchronization (inventories records are updated instantly ,
alerts and communications flow automatically across the supply chain from
and to warehouse, etc). In BOB WMS records and activities are replicated
causing processing and visibility delays.
• Decrease costs of WMS implementation (separate applications can double
many of your costs of licensing , maintenance and support )
• BI solution suites for entire ERP (Vendor WMS solution required to purchase a
separate solution for BI (business intelligence)
• Implementation time and costs can be significantly less with embedded WMS
modules because the integration points with the ERP system are already
established and the two systems are designed from the start to work together.
• Training on the system may or may not be priced separately from
implementation;
• Enhancement-bearing service packs or upgrades to an embedded WMS are
delivered as part of the systematic upgrades to the ERP software.
• FIXED LOCATION SYSTEMS- every item has assigned the same location.
A location is empty because no other item may be placed.
• ZONING SYSTEMS – it’s a variation of pure fixed locator systems that
place similar item’s characteristics as size, variety, flammability, toxicity,
weight, lot control, private labeling, and so on in “zones.” Ex: Frozen
zone, Dry zone, Cooler zone, etc.
• RANDOM LOCATOR SYSTEMS - no item has a fixed home and may be
placed wherever there is space, the difference from a memory system is
that each SKU has a location identifier noted in a computer database
which control of where all items are at any given time.
• COMBINATION SYSTEMS – combines best features of fixed and random
locator systems
Company warehouse structure
Geocodarea
• A company’s warehouse physical structure contains the following entities:
• Sites. A site is a geographical location. A site includes one or several warehouses.
• Warehouses. A warehouse is a commercial building for storage of goods.
• Zone. Each warehouse is divided into multiple zones. Warehouse floor is divided into work
areas and each work area is reffered as a zone. Warehouse processes and systems are
designed around this zone concept, a logical division of warehouse.
Zones are defined by item characteristics
–Velocity (frecventa de colectare-livrare mare, medie, mica)
–Size
–Weather resistance, flammability, toxicity, others
• Aisles (Alei). An aisle is a space for walking with rows of seats on either side or with rows of
seats on one side and a wall on the other. In warehouses, rather than seats they have a rack
to either side.
• Racks (Rafturi metalice sau stelaje). A rack is a material handling storage aid system
designed to store pallets, cases or individual products.
Codificarea randurilor de rafturi: randurile de rafturi din partea dreapta cu numere impare,
randurile de rafturi din partea stanga cu numere pare.
• Shelves (polite). The rack system composed of shelves.
• Bins (celule). A bin is a position on a shelf. Codificarea celulelor se face de la stanga la
dreapta.
OBS. Se pot utiliza pentru codificare cifre sau litere sau combinatii intre acestea.
Geocodarea unui spatiu din depozit
Exemplu: Produsul
A se afla pe zona
01, aleia 02, pe
raftul din dreapta
01, polita 03,
celula 02.
What are the benefits of integrated warehousing
and transportation to the top and bottom line?
The benefits at top line are:
• improved because of the customer satisfaction provided
through real-time flexibility of handling order changes and
achieving optimal performance metrics such as on-time
delivery, perfect order, order fill rates, increased sales and
on-shelf availability.