INTRODUCTION

Global Warming, increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere, oceans, and landmasses
of Earth. Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in
the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects. (Oxford
Dictionaries ,2017)

CONTENT

In 2013, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report
concluded that at present Earth appears to be facing a rapid warming, which most scientists
believe results, at least in part, from human activities.( IPCC,2013) The chief cause of this
warming is thought to be the burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, which
releases into the atmosphere carbon dioxide and other substances known as greenhouse gases. As
the atmosphere becomes richer in these gases, it becomes a better insulator, retaining more of the
heat provided to the planet by the Sun. The average surface temperature of Earth is about 15°C
(59°F). Over the last century, this average has risen by about 0.6 Celsius degree (1 Fahrenheit
degree). Scientists predict further warming of 1.4to 5.8 Celsius degrees (2.5 to 10.4 Fahrenheit
degrees) by the year 2100.( The National Academies Press, 2015 ) This temperature rise is
expected to melt polar ice caps and glaciers as well a swarm the oceans, all of which will expand
ocean volume and raise sea level by an estimated 9 to 100 cm (4 to 40 in), flooding some coastal
regions and even entire islands. Some regions in warmer climates will receive more rainfall than
before, but soils will dry out faster between storms. This soil desiccation may damage food
crops, disrupting food supplies in some parts of the world. Plant and animal species will shift
their ranges toward the poles or to higher elevations seeking cooler temperatures and species that
cannot do so may become extinct. The potential consequences of global warming are so great
that many of the world's leading scientists have called for international cooperation and
immediate action to counteract the problem.(Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet.
Retrieved 2017 )
CONCLUSION

The total consumption of fossil fuels is increasing by about 1 percent per year. No steps currently
being taken or under serious discussion will likely prevent global warming in the near future.
Malaysia, still have the chance to help plant and animal species survive by preserving habitat
corridors, strips of relatively undeveloped land running north and south. Species can gradually
shift their ranges along these corridors, moving toward cooler habitats. There are two major
approaches to slowing the buildup of greenhouse gases. The first is to keep carbon dioxide out of
the atmosphere by storing the gas or its carbon component somewhere else, a strategy called
carbon sequestration. The second major approach is to reduce the production of greenhouse
gases. The simplest way to sequester carbon is to preserve trees and to plant more. Trees,
especially young and fast-growing ones, soak up a great deal of carbon dioxide, break it down in
photosynthesis, and store the carbon in new wood. Several European countries impose heavy
taxes on energy usage, designed partly to curb such emissions. Norway taxes industries
according to the amount of carbon dioxide they emit. In The Netherlands, government and
industry have negotiated agreements aimed at increasing energy efficiency, promoting
alternative energy sources, and cutting down greenhouse gas output. In Malaysia, Kementerian
Tenaga, Teknologi Hijau Dan Air ( KeTTHA ), product manufacturers, local utilities, and
retailers have collaborated to implement the Energy Star program. This voluntary program rates
appliances for energy use and gives some money back to consumers who buy efficient machines.
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“America's Climate Choices. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press. 2015. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-309-
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"Scientific consensus: Earth's climate is warming". Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet. Retrieved 2017-
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http://www.kettha.gov.my/portal/index.php