Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

Guide to the Use of Tables and

Formulas in
Machinery’s Handbook
27th Edition

BY JOHN M. AMISS, FRANKLIN D. JONES, AND

HENRY H. RYFFEL

CHRISTOPHER J. MCCAULEY, EDITOR

RICCARDO HEALD, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
MUHAMMED IQBAL HUSSAIN, ASSOCIATE EDITOR

2004
INDUSTRIAL PRESS INC.
NEW YORK

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY

 Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

COPYRIGHT 1931, 1939, 1951, 1954, © 1959, © 1964, © 1968, © 1971,©

1975, © 1980, © 1984, © 1988, © 1992, © 1996, © 2000, © 2004 by Industrial
Press Inc., New York, NY.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Amiss, John Milton, 1887-1968
Guide to the use of tables and formulas in Machinery’s Handbook, 27th edition
by John M. Amiss, Franklin D. Jones, and Henry H. Ryffel; Christopher J. McCau-
ley, editor; Riccardo Heald, associate editor; Muhammed Iqbal Hussain, associate
editor.
264 p. 12.1 × 17.8 cm.
Cover title: Machinery’s handbook 27th guide.
Cover title: Machinery’s handbook twenty seventh guide.
This book should be used in conjunction with the twenty-seventh edition of
Machinery’s Handbook.
ISBN 0-8311-2799-6
ISBN 0-8311-2788-0 (electronic edition with math)
1. Mechanical engineering—Handbook, manuals, etc. I. Title: Machinery’s
handbook 27 guide. II. Machinery’s handbook twenty seventh guide. III Jones,
Franklin Day, 1879-1967 IV. Ryffel, Henry H. I920- V. McCauley, Christopher J.
VI. Heald, Riccardo VII. Hussain, Muhammed Iqbal VIII. Machinery’s Hand-
book. 27th edition. IX. Title.

TJ151.A445 2000
621.8'0212–dc 21 00-038881

INDUSTRIAL PRESS, INC.

200 Madison Avenue
New York, New York 10016-4078

MACHINERY'S HANDBOOK GUIDE

27th Edition
First Printing

Printed and bound in the United States of America by

National Publishing Company, Philadelphia, Pa.
All rights reserved. This book or parts thereof may not be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system, or transmitted in any form without permission of the publishers.

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY

 Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

THE PURPOSE OF THIS BOOK

An engineering handbook is an essential part of the equipment
of practically all engineers, machine designers, draftsmen, tool
engineers and skilled mechanics in machine shops and toolrooms.
The daily use of such a book, with its various tables and general
data, saves a lot of time and labor. To obtain the full value of any
handbook, however, the user must know enough about the contents
to apply the tables, formulas, and other data, whenever they can be
used to advantage.
One purpose of this Guide, which is based on MACHINERY’S
HANDBOOK, is to show by examples, solutions, and test questions
typical applications of handbook information in both drafting
rooms and machine shops. Another function is to familiarize engi-
neering students or other users with the HANDBOOK’S contents. A
third objective is to provide test questions and drill work that will
enable the H ANDBOOK user, through practice, to obtain the
required information quickly and easily.
MACHINERY’S HANDBOOK, as with all other handbooks, pre-
sents information in condensed form so that a large variety of sub-
jects can be covered in a single volume. Because of this condensed
treatment, any engineering handbook must be primarily a work of
reference rather than a textbook, and the practical application of
some parts will not always be apparent, especially to those who
have had little experience in engineering work. The questions and
examples in this book are intended not only to supplement some of
the HANDBOOK material, but also to stimulate interest both in those
parts that are used frequently and in the more special sections that
may be very valuable even though seldom required.

vii

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY

 Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

THE METRIC SYSTEM

MACHINERY’S HANDBOOK contains a considerable amount of
metric material in terms of texts, tables, and formulas. This mate-
rial is included because much of the world now uses the metric
system, also known as the Système International (SI), and the
movement in that direction continues in all countries that intend to
compete in the international marketplace, including the United
States.
An explanation of the SI metric system is found on Handbook
pages 142 to 144 and 2544 to 2548. A brief history is given of the
development of this system, and a description is provided for each
of its seven basic units. Factors and prefixes for forming decimal
multiples and submultiples of the SI units also are shown. Another
table lists SI units with complex names and provides symbols for
them.
Tables of SI units and conversion factors appear on pages 2549
through 2587. Factors are provided for converting English units to
metric units, or vice versa, and cover units of length, area, volume
(including capacity), velocity, acceleration, flow, mass, density,
force, force per unit length, bending moment or torque, moment of
inertia, section modulus, momentum, pressure, stress, energy,
work, power, and viscosity. By using the factors in these tables, it
is a simple matter of multiplication to convert from one system of
units to the other. Where the conversion factors are exact, they are
given to only 3 or 4 significant figures, but where they are not
exact they are given to 7 significant figures to permit the maximum
degree of accuracy to be obtained that is ordinarily required in the
metalworking field.
To avoid the need to use some of the conversion factors, various
conversion tables are given on pages 2550 through 2579. The
tables for length conversion on pages 2550 to 2562 will probably
be the most frequently used. Two different types of tables are
shown. The two tables on page 2553 facilitate converting lengths
viii

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY

 Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

ix

up to 100 inches into millimeters, in steps of one ten-thousandth of

an inch; and up to 1000 millimeters to inches, in steps of a thou-
sandth of a millimeter.
The table starting on page 2554 enables converting fractions
and mixed number lengths up to 41 inches into millimeters, in
steps of one sixty-fourth of an inch.
To make possible such a wide range in a compact table, the
reader often must take two or more numbers from the table and add
them together, as is explained in the accompanying text. The tables
starting on page 2556 and 2558 have a much more limited range of
conversion for inches to millimeters and millimeters to inches.
However, these table have the advantage of being direct-reading;
that is, only a single value is taken from the table, and no addition
is required.
For those who are engaged in design work where it is necessary
to do computations in the fields of mechanics and strength of mate-
rials, a considerable amount of guidance will be found for the use
of metric units. Thus, beginning on Handbook page 141, the use of
the metric SI system in mechanics calculations is explained in
detail. In succeeding pages, boldface type is used to highlight ref-
erences to metric units in the combined Mechanics and Strength of
Materials section. Metric formulas are provided also, to parallel
the formulas for English units.
As another example, on page 213, it is explained in boldface
type that SI metric units can be applied in the calculations in place
of the English units of measurement without changes to the formu-
las for simple stresses.
The reader also should be aware that certain tables in the Hand-
book, such as that on page 71, which gives values for segments of
circles for a radius = 1, can be used for either English or metric
units, as is indicated directly under the table heading. There are
other instances, however, where separate tables are needed, such
as are shown on pages 1018 to 1021 for the conversion of revolu-
tions per minute, into cutting speed in feet per minute on pages
1018 and 1019, and into cutting speed in meters per minute on
pages 1020 and 1021.

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY

 Guide to Machinery's Handbook 27th Edition

The metric material in the Handbook will provide considerable

useful data and assistance to engineers and technicians who are
required to use metric units of measurements. It is strongly sug-
gested that all readers, whether or not they are using metric units at
the present time, become familiar with the SI System by reading
the explanatory material in the Handbook and by studying the SI
units and the ways of converting English units to them.

Copyright 2004, Industrial Press, Inc., New York, NY