Jenis Kegagalan/Kerusakan (Damage

Mechanism) di Boiler

Albet Ahmad

PT PEMBANGKITAN JAWA-BALI

Produsen Listrik Terpercaya Kini dan Mendatang

 0 % C (500X)

1,4 % C (1000X)

0.8 % C
0.38 % C (635X)
 Apa itu spheroidisasi?

Struktur mikro baja karbon: ferrit (terang) dan pearlite (gelap)

Photomicrographs of (a) pearlite

 Apa itu spheroidisasi?
• If a steel alloy having either pearlitic or bainitic microstructures is heated
to, and left at, a temperature below the eutectoid for a sufficiently long
period of time—for example, at about 700 o C( 1300 F)) for between 18
and 24 h—yet another microstructure will form. It is called spheroidite
(Figure 10.19). Callister : Materials Science and Engineering 7th edition,
page 330.
Alloys containing pearlitic microstructures
have greater strength and hardness
than do those with spheroidite. Calister
page 341

Photomicrograph of a steel having a spheroidite microstructure. The small particles are cementite; the continuous α
phase is ferrite. (Copyright 1971 by United States Steel Corporation.)
A photomicrograph of a pearlitic steel that has partially transformed to spheroidite. 2000. Calister Materials Science
and Engineering 7th edition, page 311.
 Overheating

*Force Outage, UBOH Labuan # 1 Coal Fired Steam Power Plant, February 2013

Inner Tube Deposit

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 Overheating

Tube overheat due to abnormal boiler flame

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 Overheating

1. Wrong material
2. Operating problems (over or uneven firing)
3. Flame impingement
4. Water/steam-side plugging, fouling or Overheat
/ Creep Rupture
deposits
5. Loss of boiler coolant or low water level
6. Stress due to welded attachments or wall
thinning

Detection: Visual & Dimensional Check (OD) some signs of Overheat:

• Excessive sagging of tubes
• Blackened appearance
• Bulging
• Burnt shielding

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BOILER CORROSION

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