Words and its types

The word. It is a meaningful utterance conveying a single meaning, and it is divided into 3 parts a
verb, a nound and a preposition.

The verb : is a word, indicating an independent meaning, connected with one of the 3 time frames
like dhrab yadhribo.

The noun: is a word indicating an independent meaning not connected to any of the 3 time frames,
like zayd and bakr

The preposition: is a word indicating an independent meaning, it’s meaning not understood without
joining to another word like min ila and 3n.

The first division of the verb

It comes first in terms of meaning and its time frame , and it is divided into 3 section, the past
present and imperative verb.

The past : it is a verb indicating on the occurrence of a meaning in the past

The present: it is a verb indicating on the occurrence of a meaning in the present or future

The imperative, is a verb indicating the seeking of action from the addressed in the future

The second division of the verb

If the association of the verb in the past or future is to the fail, then it will knows and maroof, ege dh
ra bayad ribo. And if its connected to the mafool then it will be majhool, eg doo riba

The third division of the verb.

The past and present verb can be active or passive, and be of two types :

Affirmative

Or negation

Hence, the affirmative is that which indicates upon the occurrence of the action like dh ra ba

And the negation is that which indicates upon the negation of the occurrence of an action e.g. ma dh
r aba.

The Fourth division of the verb

The verb in relation to the number of original letters is of two types.

Thulathi and rubaee

Thulathi – is that which consists 3 original letters like nasr and yansaro

Rabaee – is that which consist of 4 original letters like ba-thara yo-basharo.

Then, each one of them is on categorised:

1 Mujarrad – is that in which in the past tense, there are no more that the original 3 letters or 4
letters, eg nasr and yansaro and ba’thra yo’bathara
‫‪2 al mazeed fi - is that in which in the past tense there is more than the orginal letters, e.g ijtanaba‬‬
‫‪and‬‬

‫‪The Fifth division of the verb‬‬

‫‪This division is in relation to the number of letters and is of 4 types – saheeh mahmooz mu’attal and‬‬
‫‪mudhaff‬‬

‫‪ :‬فيها خالف بين النحويين ‪ ,‬خالصته‬

‫منهم من أعربها ظرف زمان ‪ ,‬كقولنا ‪1.‬‬
‫‪ :‬الحمدهلل أوالً ‪ ,‬أي ‪ :‬أوَ‬
‫ل األمر ‪ ...‬إلخ‬
‫‪2.‬‬ ‫منهم من أعربها منصوبة بنزع الخافض‬
‫ِ ‪ ...‬إلخ‬‫‪ ,.‬والتقدير‪ :‬أبدأ بأول‬
‫منهم من أعربها مفعوالً به ‪3. ,‬‬
‫ً ‪ ...‬إلخ‬ ‫‪ .‬والتقدير‪ :‬أقول أوالً ‪ ,‬وثانيا‬
‫ً عن المفعول ‪4.‬‬ ‫منهم من أعربها نائبا‬
‫ً أوالً‬
‫المطلق ‪ ,‬والتقدير‪ :‬أرتب ترتيبا‬
‫‪ ... .‬إلخ‬
‫ومنهم من أعربها حاالً ‪ ,‬والتقدير ‪5. :‬‬
‫‪ .‬جاء أوالً‬